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暑假预习Unit 1 The Changing World
Section A
【预习导航】
【重要词汇】
单词 音标 词性 中文释义
sandstorm / s ndst m/ n. 沙尘暴
environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境
farmland / fɑ ml nd/ n. 农田，耕地
shortage / t d / n. 短缺；不足
technology /tek n l d i/ n. 技术
sandy / s ndi/ adj. 多沙的
soil /s l/ n. 土壤
bush /b / n. 灌木
root /ru t/ n. 根
corn /k n/ n. 玉米
local / l kl/ adj. 当地的；本地的
transport / tr nsp t/ n. 交通
rough /r f/ adj. 崎岖不平的；粗糙的
highway / ha we / n. 高速公路
railway / re lwe / n. 铁路
hospital / h sp tl/ n. 医院
supermarket / su p mɑ k t/ n. 超市
library / la br ri/ n. 图书馆
reach /ri t / v. 到达
mile /ma l/ n. 英里
farm /fɑ m/ v./n. 务农；农场
greenhouse / ɡri nha s/ n. 温室大棚
tourist / t r st/ n. 游客
attraction / tr k n/ n. 吸引人的地方；吸引力
product / pr d kt/ n. 产品
interview / nt vju / n./v. 采访；访谈
villager / v l d (r)/ n. 村民
housing / ha z / n. 住房
e-payment / i pe m nt/ n. 电子支付
cinema / s n m / n. 电影院
restaurant / rest r nt/ n. 餐馆
high-tech / ha tek/ adj. 高科技的
socialist / s l st/ adj. 社会主义的
great /ɡre t/ adj. 巨大的
better / bet (r)/ adj. 更好的（good 比较级）
fewer / fju (r)/ adj. 更少的（few 比较级，修饰可数名词）
【重要短语】
英文短语 中文释义
over the years 多年以来
show sb. around sp. 带某人参观某地
all over China 全国各地
tons of 大量；许多
since then 从那以后
greatly improve one’s life 极大改善某人的生活
a tourist attraction 旅游景点
local products 土特产
farmland shortage 耕地短缺
hold the soil together 固住土壤
be covered with… 被…… 覆盖
with the government’s support 在政府的扶持下
solve the problem 解决问题
rough roads 崎岖不平的小路
see a doctor 看病
local market 本地集市
down the street 沿街；在街道那头
work in big cities 在大城市务工
come back to live and work 返乡生活、工作
sell products online 线上售卖商品
build a new socialist village 建设社会主义新农村
【重要解析】
1. Reporter: How has life changed in your hometown over the last 20 years
翻译：记者：过去 20 年，你们家乡的生活发生了哪些变化？
【知识详解】
语法：现在完成时 has changed，over the last 20 years（过去 20 年来）是现在完成时标志性时间状语，强调从 20 年前持续到现在的变化。
短语：over the last + 时间段 在过去…… 年间
2. Mr Yan: Oh, it has changed quite a lot! Many young people used to work in big cities. Now, more of them have come back to live and work here.
严先生：变化实在太大了！过去很多年轻人都去大城市打工，如今越来越多年轻人返乡生活、就业。
【知识详解】
1.quite a lot 非常多，程度副词短语，修饰动词 change
2.used to do sth. 本单元核心语法：过去常常做某事（现在不再）
例句：He used to get up early. 他以前早起。
3.have come back 现在完成时，突出 “已经返乡” 这个结果对现在的影响。
4.more of them 他们中更多人
3. Reporter: Great! Have there been any other changes
记者：太棒了！还有其他变化吗？
【知识详解】
句型：Have there been… there be 句型的现在完成时，意为 “（至今）是否还有……”
4. Ms Wu: Yes, we’ve changed the way we farm. I used to grow a few vegetables on a small farm to sell at the local market. Now, I have large, high-tech greenhouses. There, I grow tons of fruit and vegetables, and sell them in large cities.
吴女士：有的，我们的农耕方式彻底改变了。以前我只在一小块农田种少量蔬菜，只能卖给本地集市；现在我拥有大型高科技温室大棚，里面种大量果蔬，销往各大城市。
【知识详解】
1.the way we farm 我们务农的方式（定语从句省略 that：the way (that) we farm）
2.a few vegetables 少量蔬菜（a few 修饰可数名词，表肯定含义 “一点”）
3.local market 本地集市
4.high-tech greenhouses 高科技温室大棚
5.tons of 大量，许多（可修饰可数 / 不可数名词，tons of fruit 大量水果）
5. Reporter: Wow, the new highway and railway must have helped a lot!
记者：哇，新建的高速公路和铁路肯定带来了巨大帮助！
【知识详解】
语法：must have done 对过去发生事情的肯定推测，“一定、想必（已经）……”
词汇：highway n. 高速公路；railway n. 铁路
6. Mr Yan: Oh, they have! Our village has become a tourist attraction. We can now sell local products to tourists. We also sell products online to people all over China.
翻译：严先生：确实如此！我们村子已经变成旅游景点，我们可以向游客售卖土特产，还能线上带货，把商品卖给全国人民。
【知识详解】
1.has become 现在完成时，强调村庄如今的新身份
2.tourist attraction 旅游景点（固定搭配 = a place of interest）
3.local products 土特产、本地农产品
4.sell products online 线上售卖商品
5.all over China 全国各地
7. Reporter: Have these changes greatly improved your lives
记者：这些变化是否极大改善了你们的生活？
【知识详解】
词汇：greatly adv. 极大地；improve v. 改善，提升
8. Ms Wu: Yes! We now have new houses. And our village has just built a new hospital and a library.
翻译：吴女士：改善太多了！我们现在都住上新房，村里还新建了医院和图书馆。
【知识详解】
1.has just built 现在完成时，just 刚刚，强调动作刚完成
2.公共设施词汇：hospital 医院；library 图书馆
9. Reporter: Wonderful! Together you are building a new socialist village.
记者：太棒了！大家一同建设社会主义新农村。
【课堂检测】
根据汉语提示写出单词
1.We can see fewer ____________ (沙尘暴) in Li Rui’s hometown now.
2.The new ____________ (高速公路) makes our trip much shorter.
3.Ms Wu grows vegetables in large high-tech ____________ (温室大棚).
4.People plant many ____________ (灌木) on sandy hills to protect soil.
5.There is a new ____________ (超市) down the street in the town.
6.Our village built a new ____________ (图书馆) last year.
7.The beautiful village becomes a famous tourist ____________ (景点).
8.We are building a new ____________ (社会主义的) village together.
9.In the past, there was a ____________ (短缺) of farmland here.
10.The long ____________ (根) of the bush can hold the soil together.
二、根据中文提示完成句子
1.The hills ________________________（过去被黄沙覆盖）.
2.It ________________________（过去要花好几个小时）to reach the town.
3.They plant many bushes to ________________________（固定土壤）.
4.Now many young people ________________________（返乡生活和工作）.
5.We can sell local products ________________________（销往全国各地）.
三、语法单项选择
( ) 1. Many young people ______ work in big cities in the past.
A. used to B. are used to C. were used to D. use to
( ) 2. Great changes ______ in my hometown over the years.
take place B. took place C. have taken place D. will take place
( ) 3. It ______ over an hour to go to school on rough roads before.
takes B. took C. has taken D. will take
( ) 4. Our village ______ a new hospital since last year.
builds B. built C. has built D. will build
( ) 5. — Did you ______ walk miles to see a doctor — Yes, I did.
used to B. use to C. be used to D. used
( ) 6. Fewer sandstorms appear now, and the environment is getting ______.
A. good B. better C. best D. worse
【能力提升】
四、阅读理解
A
Mr Worth liked spending time with his grandson, Shawn. He enjoyed teaching him some of the things he may not be taught in school. Grandfathers have a special relation with their grandchildren. They can often pass down some experience that will be helpful to the younger people.
One day, Shawn told his grandfather about a class science project that he was very excited about.
Each student was going to grow a pot of bean plants. When the plants grew big and strong, the students were to plant them in a garden at the school. They each wanted to grow the strongest and best bean plant.
Shawn showed his grandfather the bean seeds. He explained that his teacher taught them how to make the seeds grow. First, they put the seeds on a wet paper towel. Then, they put them near a warm window. When the seeds come out, they are ready to be moved into a pot.
After listening to his grandson, Mr Worth said, “You do just as you learned, but I want to show you one more thing about growing plants.”
“When I was a boy, my father showed me how to grow strong plants,” he continued. “When the plant is starting out, you put some weight on it.” Shawn looked at his grandfather in surprise.
“Doesn’t the weight stop the bean from growing ” he asked.
“No, of course not. This way, the bean plant will be strong and healthy. If you give it everything it wants, it will grow too fast and it will be weak. It will fall over when the first big wind blows.”
Shawn listened carefully. He wanted to grow the bean in the way his grandfather suggested. He could hardly wait to tell his friends what he had learned that day.
1．What can we learn from paragraph 1
A．Mr Worth is a science teacher in a school. B．Shawn lives together with his grandfather.
C．Shawn has a lot of experience about planting. D．Mr Worth has a good relation with his grandson.
2．What does the underlined word “them” refer to
A．Classmates. B．Grandparents. C．Pots. D．Seeds.
3．Which of the following is TRUE
A．Mr Worth’s father showed him how to grow strong plants.
B．Students can grow their plants in the garden at school in the beginning.
C．Grandfather taught Shawn how to make the seeds grow.
D．The weight will stop the bean from growing.
4．When Shawn heard his grandfather’s story about growing plants, how did he feel at first
A．Surprised. B．Upset. C．Worried. D．Happy.
B
Gordon Williams’s hobby may seem strange to people when they meet it for the first time. But it is a traditional craft (手艺). He builds model ships inside old bottles.
Gordon loves ships. His interest in them began many years ago when he visited a museum in Ottawa, Canada. There was a show of model ships in bottles. Gordon thought the show was wonderful. But he wondered how the craftsman got the ship through the thin neck of the bottle. Gordon decided to find it out.
He found an old master craftsman who was willing to teach him the necessary skills. First, Gordon takes an old bottle. Then he puts in a layer of putty (一层油灰), shapes, paints and makes it look like the sea. Next he builds the ship. To get the ship through the thin neck of the bottle, Gordon has to carefully hold down the masts (桅杆). This step needs special skills. When the ship is inside the bottle, he uses a long, thin tool to raise the masts.
Gordon has completed well over one hundred models. His wish is to build bigger model ships, such as aircraft carriers. This will be more challenging (富于挑战性的), as he will have to build the ship actually inside the bottle. His hobby certainly needs time, patience and steady hands.
Choose the best choice from A, B or C according to what you read.
5．What’s their opinion (观点) when people first meet Gordon’s hobby
A．Useful. B．Unusual. C．Interesting.
6．How did Gordon become interested in ships
A．He met a craftsman who would like to teach him.
B．He collected many sailing ships.
C．He saw a show of model ships in bottles.
7．For Gordon, the most difficult step is ________.
A．to shape the bottle like a ship
B．to paint the layer of putty like the sea
C．to get the ship through the neck of the bottle
8．Which of the following pictures shows the last step of Gordon’s work
A．B． C．
9．Gordon’s new plan is more challenging because he will ________.
A．build a bigger model ship inside the bottle
B．build more than one hundred ships
C．put a bigger model ship inside the bottle
五、短文填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
As we all know, the Yellow River is the 10 (two) longest river in China. Chinese people consider it as the “Mother River”. Its colour is different 11 other rivers. The colour is 12 (affect) by plenty of sediment (沉淀物) it carries.
The Yellow River is of great 13 (important) to the Chinese civilization. It has been a water source for agriculture for thousands of years and keeps 14 (develop) our land.
However, everything has two sides. The river has flooded many times in history and brought great damage to people. The Chinese government 15 (control) the floods by building a lot of dams along the river in the past few years.
16 (luck), the Yellow River is facing great challenges now, like pollution, overuse of water and so 17 . These problems are mainly caused by human activities.
Taking good care of the Yellow River is every person’s duty. By working together, we believe that the Yellow River will become much 18 (good) in the future. Will it continue to be 19 symbol of Chinese culture and history
/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
参考答案
一、1.sandstorms2.highway3.greenhouses4.bushes5.supermarket
6.library7.attraction8.socialist9.shortage10.roots
二、1.used to be covered with sand
2.used to take hours
3.hold the soil together
4.have come back to live and work
5.all over China
三、1.A 2. C 3. B 4. C 5. B 6.B
四、1．D 2．D 3．A 4．A
5．B 6．C 7．C 8．C 9．A
五、10．second 11．from 12．affected 13．importance 14．developing 15．has controlled 16．Unluckily 17．on 18．better 19．a

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