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Unit 1 The Changing World
Section B How do changes influence us
序号 单词 短语 用法、拓展及辨析 书上短语及例句
P6 link /l k/ n.交通路线；联系 v.连接 v. The railway links Mombasa to Nairobi.
n. There is a close link between the two cities. link to sb./sth. 与某人/某物的关联 Link A to/with B 将A和B联系起来 a link between … …... 之间的联系 transport links 交通连接 be linked to 与…… 有关联 【词形转换】linked adj. 相连的 closely linked 紧密相连
The two cities are closely linked by railways.
linkage n. 关联
the linkage between transport and economy Before then, the only transport links between Mombasa, Kenya's main port, and Nairobi, Kenya's capital, were rough roads and an old railway line built in 1901.
port /p t/ n.港口 Mombasa is the largest port in Kenya. major port 主要港口
port city 港口城市
at the port 在港口
capital / k p tl/ n.首都 capital city 首都
capital letter 大写字母
【词形转换】capitalist n. 资本家 adj. 资本主义的
capitalize v. 大写；资本化
You should capitalize the name of every capital city.
Kenyan / kenj n/ n.肯尼亚人 adj.肯尼亚的；肯尼亚人的 local Kenyans 当地肯尼亚居民 【词形转换】Kenya n. 肯尼亚（国家） Local Kenyans have benefited a lot from the new railway.
benefit / ben f t/ v.得益于；使受益 n.优势；益处 v. Villagers benefit from the new bridge.
n. The train brings many benefits to businessmen. benefit from （doing）sth. 从（做某事中）获益 bring benefits to sb. 给某人带来好处 【词形转换】beneficial adj. 有益的 be beneficial to sb./sth. 对…… 有益
Convenient transport is beneficial to villagers.
beneficially adv. 有利地
develop beneficially 良性发展
be happy with 对……感到满意 be happy/pleased with sth. 对某物满意 be happy/pleased to do sth. 乐意做某事 【词形转换】happy adj. 开心的 happy daily life 幸福的日常生活
happily adv.开心地 unhappy adj. 不高兴的 unhappily adv. 不快乐地
happiness n. 幸福
bring happiness to local people A government worker said, "I'm very happy with the new railway built by our Chinese friends....”
convenient /k n vi ni nt/ adj.方便的 It is very convenient for businessmen to take this train. It’s convenient for sb. to do sth. 某人做某事很方便 【词形转换】convenience n. 便利
for convenience 为方便起见 for people’s convenience 为方便民众 at one’s convenience 在某人方便时
inconvenient adj. 不方便的 The old roads were narrow and inconvenient.
inconvenience n. 不便 Lorries used to bring much inconvenience to trade conveniently adv. 方便地 A businessman said, "My experience of using the train since 2017 has been good. It is very convenient and doesn't cost much money. I am able to get to places on time and make business deals with ease."
business / b zn s/ n.生意；商业 do business 做生意 make business deals 达成商业交易 on business 出差 none of one’s business 不关某人的事 business is business 公事公办 【词形转换】busy adj. 忙碌的
be busy with business 忙于生意 be busy doing sth. 忙于做某事 businessman n. 商人
businesswoman n. 女商人
ease /i z/ n.容易；自在 He can finish all business tasks with ease. with ease 轻而易举地 at ease 自在放松 ease pressure 缓解压力 ease sb.’s pain 减轻某人的疼痛 【词形转换】easy adj. 容易的
easily adv. 轻易地
uneasy adj. 不自在的，不安的；不稳固的 feel uneasy about sth. 对某事感到担心或不自在 an uneasy feeling 一种担心或不适的感觉
with ease 轻而易举地
lorry / l ri/ n.卡车 hundreds of lorries 数百辆卡车 by lorry 用卡车运输 a lorry driver 一位卡车司机 Food used to take hundreds of lorries to carry between the two cities, but now it takes only two or three trains," said a supermarket manager.
manager / m n d (r)/ n.经理 【词形转换】manage v. 管理；设法做成 manage to do sth. 设法做成某事（可与 “succeed in doing sth. 成功做成某事” 进行同义转换）
management n. 管理
manageable adj. 易管理的
manageable work 易处理的工作
P7 conclusion /k n klu n/ n.总结 draw a conclusion 得出结论 We can draw a conclusion from the passage about transport changes. in conclusion 总之；最后 In conclusion, I would like to thank everyone for their hard work. 【词形转换】conclude v. 总结；得出结论
We conclude our talk about transport changes.
conclusive adj. 决定性的
conclusive evidence 确凿证据
P8 narrow / n r / adj.狭窄的 narrow road 狭窄的道路 narrow sth. down 缩小范围 narrow one’s eyes 眯起眼睛看（以便看清或表示怀疑） 【词形转换】narrowly adv. 勉强地；狭窄地；仔细地
narrowly pass 勉强通过 narrowly examine 仔细检查 narrowly avoid 勉强避免；险些发生 narrowly survive 勉强存活；险些丧命
narrowness n. 狭窄
The narrowness of roads slowed down transport. The road used to be narrow and dirty.
villager / v l d (r)/ n.村民 【词形转换】village n. 村庄
small village 小村庄 The bridge made it convenient for the villagers to travel across the river to the city.
the Olympics / l mp ks/ (=the Olympic Games) 奥林匹克运动会 host the Olympics 举办奥运会 【词形转换】Olympic adj. 奥林匹克的
Olympic spirit 奥运精神 Beijing, China’s capital, hosted the 2008 Summer Olympics and the 2022 Winter Olympics.
lead /li d/ v.(led /led/, led)带领；过 (某种生活) n.领先地位；主角 lead sb./sth. 带领某人或某物 lead a group 带领团队 lead to doing sth. 导致做某事 follow one’s lead 跟随某人的领导 take the lead 取得领先地位 【词形转换】leader n. 领导者
group leader 小组负责人
Wang Shanghai is a great environmental leader.
leadership n. 领导能力
strong leadership 出色的领导力
leading adj. 主要的；最具影响力的
He played a leading role in the negotiations. 他在谈判中发挥了主导作用。 With support from the government, Wang Shanghai led a group of 369 people who were determined to make the environment of Saihanba better.
man-made / m n me d/ adj.人造的；非天然的 man-made forest 人工林
man-made lake 人工湖 反义词：natural adj. 天然的
Natural forests are different from man-made ones. Over the next 60 years, workers planted bushes and trees, creating the world’s biggest man-made forest.
miracle / m r kl/ n.奇迹 work a miracle 创造奇迹 The doctor worked a miracle and saved the patient’s life. 医生创造了奇迹，挽救了病人的生命。 It’s a miracle that... ......真是个奇迹 It’s a miracle that no one was hurt in the accident. 事故中没人受伤真是个奇迹。 【词形转换】miraculous adj. 奇迹般的
miraculous change 奇迹般的变化 Today, Saihanba is known as “the green miracle.”
P9 junior / d u ni (r)/ adj.低年级的；初级的 junior high school 初中 junior student 初中生 反义词：senior adj. 高级的
senior high school 高中 Now my junior high school is farther from home.
flat /fl t/ n.公寓 flat “公寓”英式英语 apartment 美式英语 a small flat 小户型公寓 adj. 平坦的 a flat floor 平坦的地面 【词形转换】flatness n. 平坦
the flatness of the ground 地面平整 My family used to live in a small flat, but now we have moved to a much larger one.
discussion /d sk n/ n.讨论 group discussions 小组讨论 have a discussion about 讨论…… 【词形转换】discuss v. 讨论 discuss sth. with sb. 与某人讨论某事 She discussed her plans with her parents before making a decision. 她在做决定之前与父母讨论了她的计划。 discuss how to do sth. 讨论如何做某事 discuss whether to do sth, 讨论是否做某事 They discussed whether to accept the offer or not. 他们讨论了是否接受这个提议。 I have become more confident in my studies and often attend group discussions.
aspect / spekt/ n.方面 in many aspects 在诸多方面 every aspect 各个方面 a positive aspect of sth. 某事物的一个积极方面 a negative aspect of sth. 某事物的一个消极方面 A negative aspect of city life is the high cost of living. 城市生活的一个消极方面实高昂贵的生活成本。
P6 Mombasa /m m b s / 蒙巴萨（肯尼亚城市）

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