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Unit 2 综合素质评价
九年级 英语 全一册 LJ版 五四学制 (90分 100分钟)
第一部分 阅读理解 (共两节，满分35分)
第一节(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)
阅读下列短文，从短文后每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
(　　) 1. What did scientists find in lunar soil
A. Water. B. Oxygen.
C. Carbon dioxide. D. Hydrogen.
(　　) 2. What is the first step in making water out of lunar soil according to the poster
A. Adding oxygen. B. Burning the soil until it’s very hot.
C. Mixing the soil with other elements. D. Cooling down the soil.
(　　) 3. In which section of a newspaper can we probably read the passage
A. Science Study. B. Star Stories.
C. School Time. D. Your Voice.
B
So far，China has successfully sent a large number of satellites and spaceships into space. Space scientists have been greatly inspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.
Since thousands of years ago，Chinese people have dreamed of going to the moon. Chang’e Flies to the Moon is one of the most popular stories. As you can see，China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-1. More interestingly，the moon rover was named after the Jade Rabbit，who is the partner of Chang’e in the story. These old stories carry people’s best wishes and dreams. With the development of science and technology，our scientists have made them come true.
Kua Fu Runs after the Sun is another story to show how much ancient Chinese people wanted to know about the unknown world. Now，Kua Fu is going with the scientists to “visit” the sun，because we have a space project called Kua Fu Mission.
Besides the ancient stories，space scientists also get ideas from ancient famous people. For example，Mozi，an ancient scientist，discovered that light travels in a straight line over 2，000 years ago. His discovery made space study take a big step at that time. So，China’s first quantum (量子) science satellite was named Mozi，making China the first country in the world to achieve quantum communication between satellites and the ground.
From such simple things as giving names to the satellites，we can see how great our traditional culture is and what influence it has on our modern science and technology.
(　　) 4. In China，space scientists get ideas from _________ when naming satellites.
①old stories ②traditional projects
③ancient famous people ④popular inventions
A. ①② B. ②④
C. ①③ D. ③④
(　　) 5. What do we know about Chang’e-1 according to the passage
A. It moves around the moon.
B. It protects the Jade Rabbit.
C. It “visits” the sun with the scientists.
D. It is the world’s first man-made satellite.
(　　) 6. How does the writer support his opinion in Paragraph 4
A. By listing numbers. B. By giving an example.
C. By comparing facts. D. By reporting a result.
(　　) 7. What’s the writer’s main purpose of writing the passage
A. To spread the traditional Chinese culture.
B. To explain how our scientists develop the space industry.
C. To introduce the achievements in our science and technology.
D. To tell how traditional Chinese culture influences our space science.
C
The universe is everything around us. It includes space，all the matter and energy in space，and even time. The stars like the Sun and planets like Earth are part of it. These planets go around the Sun，which is just one star among billions. The Moon is not a planet. It circles Earth and is also part of this huge system.
Scientists say the solar system is about 4.6 billion years old. They found this by studying rocks and small space stones. Earth seems 　permanent　，but it’s not. The Sun，much bigger than Earth，will change too，possibly growing large enough to take in nearby planets like Earth one day.
The universe is about 13.8 billion years old. Scientists found this by looking at old stars and how fast the universe is getting bigger. 　 ★ 　 This surprises scientists，because they expected gravity to slow the stars down.
Earth and humans are very young compared to the universe. Life on Earth has been around for 3.8 billion years，but humans have only been here for about 300，000 years. That’s a tiny bit of time—like a second in a whole year! We’ve explored only our own solar system，and even then，we haven’t seen all the planets and moons.
With new technology and curiosity，we keep learning about the universe. How did the universe begin Are there other planets with life Though space is big and full of secrets，each discovery helps us understand our place in it. The more we learn，the more we want to explore.
(　　) 8. What does the underlined word “permanent” mean in Paragraph 2
A. Long. B. Endless.
C. Ancient. D. Important.
(　　) 9. Which of the following can be put in “　 ★ 　” in Paragraph 3
A. Most stars far away from us are moving faster and faster.
B. Some stars near us are getting smaller and smaller.
C. All the stars in the universe stay in one place.
D. Few stars can be seen with scientists’ tools.
(　　) 10. Which of the following most probably shows the right timeline
A.
B.
C.
D.
(　　) 11. What is the best title for the passage
A. Earth’s Long Life B. The Secrets of the Universe
C. Scientists’ Study of the Stars D. The Universe and Our Place in It
D
On Earth，we use bricks (砖块) to build houses，but what about building things on the moon We use “lunar bricks”，of course! Scientists at Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST) have developed “lunar bricks”. They hope to use the bricks to build a research station on the moon.
To make the bricks，the scientists used a lunar soil simulant (模拟月壤). The bricks are more than three times stronger than normal red bricks. They also have special structures，which were used in ancient Chinese buildings. This makes it possible to simply put these bricks together.
Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST said that they had tested five different kinds of simulated lunar soil composition (成分) and used three ways to harden them. In thisway they could choose the best materials for making the bricks. “Lunar soil isn’t thesame everywhere on the moon，” Zhou said. “For example，one of the kinds tested simulates the lunar soil at the landing site of Chang’e-5，which is mainly basalt (玄武岩).”
The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment. Quakes often happen there. And it gets as hot as 180 ℃ during the day and as cold as -190 ℃ at night. The lunar bricks have been sent to China’s space station on the “Tianzhou-8 ” spacecraft. There，scientists carry out tests to see how well the bricks work in space. The first bricks returned to Earth on November 14th，2025.
(　　) 12. Which properly shows the strength comparison of lunar bricks and red bricks
A. B.
C. D.
(　　) 13. How did scientists find the best materials for making lunar bricks
A. They learned about lunar soil from scientific reports.
B. They compared different bricks used widely nowadays.
C. They read many books about ancient Chinese buildings.
D. They did many tests on simulated lunar soil and treated it in different ways.
(　　) 14. What is the main idea of the fourth paragraph
A. The introduction of China’s “Tianzhou-8 ” spacecraft.
B. The reasons why lunar bricks need to be tested in space.
C. The temperature difference on the moon between day and night.
D. The time when the first lunar bricks returned to Earth.
(　　) 15. Which of the following best explains the purpose of developing “lunar bricks” according to Paragraph 1
A. To study the composition of lunar soil.
B. To build a research station on the moon.
C. To test the technology of making bricks in space.
D. To improve the strength of normal red bricks.
第二节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。
The journey to Mars
Humans have always looked up at the stars and dreamed of exploring other worlds. 16. 　 　 It’s the closest planet to Earth that might be able to support life，making it a very exciting place to explore!
Our journey to understanding Mars began long ago，even before we could send rockets into space. 17. 　 　 They noticed its reddish colour and wondered what caused it.
The real adventure started in the mid-20th century. Countries like the United States and the Soviet Union began sending spacecraft towards Mars. These early missions weren’t always successful. 18. 　 　 Others sent back only limited information. But each mission taught scientists valuable lessons.
19. 　 　 They have landed on the surface and moved around，taking pictures and collecting samples of rocks and soil. They’ve sent back amazing pictures of Mars’ canyons，mountains，and even signs of ancient water. The information helps scientists learn more about Mars’ history and whether it ever had life.
While we haven’t sent humans to Mars yet，we’re getting closer. 20. 　　 They will one day allow humans to safely travel to Mars and explore it in person. It’s a big challenge，but the dream of walking on Mars is still very much alive! The red planet continues to call to us!
第二部分 语言知识应用 (共两节，满分25分)
第一节 完形填空(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
Ye Peijian is a big hero in space science. When he was a little kid，he 　 21　developing his country’s science and technology. When he grew up，he got a 　 22 　 to study in Switzerland. He worked super hard there and got his doctoral degree. But he didn’t choose to stay in the foreign country. He 　 23 　 his country，China，and wanted to do something great for it. So he came back to China quickly. Then，Ye Peijian started working on important space projects. One of them was the Chang’e lunar exploration programme. He and his 　 24 　 didn’t give up although there were so many problems when they worked on the Chang’e-1 project. They worked 　 25 　. They tried different methods again and again.
After a long time of hard work，they made Chang’e-1 fly to the moon 　 26 　 in 2007.
Later，for the Chang’e-4 project，Ye Peijian had a big idea. He wanted to send the 　 27 　 to the far side of the moon. No one had ever done this before. Some people were worried because it was too hard. But Ye Peijian said，“We can do it 　 28 　 we try our best!” He and his team worked even harder. They found new ways to send the spacecraft and make it land safely on the far side of the moon. In 2019，Chang’e-4 landed there，and the whole world was 　 29 　!
Thanks to Ye Peijian and his team，China made a big step in space exploration. His story shows us that we can make our dreams come true 　 30 　 we love our country，work hard，and never give up!
(　　) 21. A. took up B. worried about C. dreamed of D. took after
(　　) 22. A. place B. chance C. job D. task
(　　) 23. A. missed B. left C. visited D. forgot
(　　) 24. A. class B. club C. family D. team
(　　) 25. A. hand in hand B. step by step C. day and night D. now and then
(　　) 26. A. nearly B. easily C. secretly D. successfully
(　　) 27. A. rocket B. telescope C. spacecraft D. exoplanet
(　　) 28. A. while B. if C. though D. unless
(　　) 29. A. surprised B. afraid C. nervous D. bored
(　　) 30. A. as soon as B. as long as C. even if D. so that
第二节 语法填空(共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分)
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
What is the solar system It is our sun and other planets that travel around it. The sun is in the center of it and its shape looks 31. 　 　 an egg.
Our solar system is 32. 　 　 (mystery) and it includes the Sun，Mercury，Venus，Earth，Mars，Jupiter，Saturn，Uranus and Neptune. To explore these planets，scientists have launched a 33. 　 　 (rover) to Mars—Zhurong，which drives across the red 34. 　　(planet) surface to collect soil and rock samples. For deeper exploration，35. 　 　 (man) spaceflights (with human astronauts) are being planned，and advanced technology will 36. 　 　 (use) to solve key challenges. In space，astronauts experience a 37. 　 　 (weigh) environment，where even simple tasks like eating feel 38. 　 　 (complete) different from those on Earth. Working in space also means astronauts must cooperate 39. 　 　 each other closely，as mistakes can lead to dangerous consequences. Unlike Earth’s 40. 　 　 (crowd) cities，most planets in the solar system have empty，quiet surfaces—making them both lonely and fascinating for exploration.
第三部分 书面表达(共两节，满分30分)
第一节 阅读表达(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
Chang’e 7 probe (探测器) will travel to the moon in 2026. Thanks to some school kids in Hunan，it will carry a special national flag of China.
During a regular meeting of Lushan International Experimental Primary School’s science club，Deng Haoxuan raised an interesting question，“There is no wind on the moon，so how can we make the flag fly ” This question led to a heated discussion among his classmates.
Deng remembered that magnets (磁铁) can push away from each other，and hethought this might help the flag fly. However，when they tried using magnets，they found them too heavy and the flag kept falling.
Then，Deng and his team came up with a new idea. They glued wires (电线) to the flag. When the electric passed through these wires，they created a magnetic field (磁场). This made the flag move like magnets do.
The kids didn’t stop there. They learned that the idea might still work in space. After months of continuous testing and countless adjustments，they finally discovered the ideal position to place the wires.
“It’s amazing that our idea worked，and soon we’ll see the five-star red flag fly in space，” Deng said with excitement.—From School News May 6，2025
41. When will the special national flag of China be carried to the moon
_____________________________________________________________________
42. Why can’t flags normally fly on the moon
_____________________________________________________________________
43. What was the first problem the kids faced when trying to make the flag fly
_____________________________________________________________________
44. Why did the kids test their idea for months
_____________________________________________________________________　　
45. What do you think of Deng and his team
_____________________________________________________________________
第二节 写作(满分20分)
“玉兔二号”月球车在月球表面留下了月饼形状的图案，引起了广泛关注。你所在班级就“太空探索是否值得”进行了意愿调查。请根据下表信息写一篇演讲稿，介绍讨论情况并表达你的个人观点。
观点 理由 观点 理由
30%反对 1.离我们的日常生活遥远 70%赞同 1.探索宇宙的奥秘
2.投入成本高 2.有助于科技进步
你的观点 ……
注意：1.词数不少于70；2.可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
参考词汇：月球车lunar rover
Is Space Exploration Worth It
Hello，everyone! _________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Unit 2 综合素质评价
第一部分
第一节 A
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了中国科学家从月球土壤中制造水的相关情况，包括发现的物质、制造方法及产水量等内容。
1. D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Scientists found a lot of hydrogen(氢) in the soil (土壤) on the moon.”可知，科学家在月球土壤中发现了氢。
2. B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“How to make water out of lunarsoil ”和“Burn (燃烧) the soil until it’s very hot.”可知，用月球土壤制造水的第一步是燃烧土壤直到它变得很热。
3. A 【点拨】推理判断题。文章主要讲的是从月球土壤中制造水的科学知识，属于科学研究范畴，所以可能在报纸的“Science Study”版块读到这篇文章。
B
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星与中国传统文化之间的关联，展现了传统文化对我国太空科学的影响。
4. C 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Space scientists have been greatlyinspired by the old stories and ancient famous people when giving them names.”可知，中国的太空科学家在给卫星和太空飞船命名时，受到古老故事和古代名人的启发。故选C。
5. A 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“China’s first man-made satellite to circle around the moon was named Chang’e-1”可知，嫦娥一号是一颗绕月人造卫星。故选A。
6. B 【点拨】推理判断题。根据“For example，...”可知，作者通过举例来支持自己的观点。故选B。
7. D 【点拨】写作目的题。本文主要介绍了嫦娥一号、“玉兔号”月球车、“墨子号”空间量子科学实验卫星与中国传统文化之间的关联，展现了传统文化对我国太空科学的影响。故选D。
C
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了宇宙的组成、太阳系的年龄、地球和人类的起源以及科学家对宇宙的探索。
8. B 【点拨】词义猜测题。根据第二段中“The Sun，much bigger than Earth... like Earth one day.”并结合前文中“Earth seems permanent，but it’s not.”可推知，permanent在此处的意思是“永恒的、无尽的”。
9. A 【点拨】推理判断题。根据第三段中“This surprises scientists，because they expected gravity to slow the stars down.”可推知，空缺处应填入与恒星的速度相关的内容。选项A符合语境。
10. A 【点拨】逻辑排序题。根据“Scientists say the solar system is about 4.6 billion years old.”“The universe is about 13.8 billion years old.”以及“Life on Earth has been around for 3.8 billion years，but humans have only been here for about 300，000years.”可知，正确的时间线是：宇宙→太阳系→地球上的生命→人类。
11. D 【点拨】最佳标题题。根据文章内容可知，文章不仅介绍了宇宙的组成和年龄，还讨论了地球、人类以及科学家对宇宙的探索，强调了人类在宇宙中的位置。因此选项D“宇宙和我们在其中的位置”最适合作为文章的标题。
D
【主旨大意】本文主要介绍了为了在月球上建造房屋，中国科学家正在尝试制造月壤砖。
12. D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“The bricks are more than three times stronger than normal red bricks.”可知，月壤砖的抗压强度是普通红砖的三倍以上。故选D。
13. D 【点拨】细节理解题。根据“Professor Zhou Cheng from HUST... choose the best materials for making the bricks.”可知，科学家们通过做多次的测试和用不同的方法处理模拟月球土壤来找到适合制作月壤砖的材料。故选D。
14. B 【点拨】段落大意题。根据“The lunar bricks need to be tested well before being used because the moon has an extreme (极端的) environment.”及通读第四段可知，第四段主要讲述了月球环境极端，需要在空间站进一步测试月壤砖。故选B。
15. B 【点拨】细节理解题。根据第一段中“They hope to use the bricks to build a research station on the moon.”可知，研发月壤砖的目的是在月球上建造研究站。故选B。
第二节 【主旨大意】本文主要讲述了人类探索火星的历程，包括早期的观测、太空任务的发展以及未来载人火星探索的展望。
16-20 CBADE
第二部分
第一节
【主旨大意】本文讲述了航天科学家叶培建从小立志报国，留学归国后带领团队攻坚克难，成功实现嫦娥探月工程的故事。
21. C 【点拨】根据“When he was a little kid，he... developing his country’s science and technology.”可知，这里表示当他还是个小孩的时候，他梦想发展国家的科学技术。故选C。
22. B 【点拨】根据“When he grew up，he got a ... to study in Switzerland.”可知，这里表示得到了去瑞士学习的机会。故选B。
23. A 【点拨】根据“He... his country，China，and wanted to do something great for it.”可知，这里表示他想念他的国家中国，想要为国家做贡献。故选A。
24. D 【点拨】根据“He and his... didn’t give up although there were so many problems when they worked on the Chang’e-1 project.”可知，这里表示他和他的团队。故选D。
25. C 【点拨】根据“They worked... They tried different methods again and again.”可知，这里表示他们夜以继日地工作。故选C。
26. D 【点拨】根据“After a long time of hard work，they made Chang’e-1 fly to the moon... in 2007.”可知，这里表示经过长时间努力工作，他们使嫦娥一号成功地飞向月球。故选D。
27. C 【点拨】根据后文中的“ They found new ways to send the spacecraft ”可知，发射了一个宇宙飞船。故选C。
28. B 【点拨】根据“We can do it... we try our best!”可知，这里是条件状语从句，用if引导。故选B。
29. A 【点拨】根据“In 2019，Chang’e-4 landed there，and the wholeworld was...”可知，这里表示全世界都感到惊讶。故选A。
30. B
第二节 【主旨大意】本文介绍了太阳系的构成及人类对其中一个行星—火星的探测情况。
31. like 【点拨】look like... 意为“看起来像……”。
32. mysterious 【点拨】“is”后接形容词作表语，“mystery”的形容词形式是“mysterious”。
33. rover 【点拨】空前有不定冠词“a”，后接可数名词单数，“rover”为可数名词，故填“rover”。
34. planet’s 【点拨】此处需用名词所有格修饰“surface”，表示“这颗红色星球的表面”，“planet” 的所有格形式为 “planet’s”。
35. manned 【点拨】此处需用形容词修饰“spaceflights”，“manned”是形容词，意为“载人的”，“manned spaceflights”即“载人航天飞行”符合语境。
36. be used 【点拨】句子主语 “advanced technology”与谓语动词“use”是被动关系，且句中有“will”，故填“be used”。
37. weightless 【点拨】结合常识和后文“even simple tasks like eating feel... different”可知，太空环境是“失重的”，“weigh”的形容词形式“weightless”符合语境。
pletely 【点拨】 此处需用副词修饰“different”，“complete”的副词形式是“completely”，表示“感觉完全不同”。
39. with 【点拨】“cooperate with sb.”是固定搭配，意为“与某人合作”，故填“with”。
40. crowded 【点拨】此处需用形容词修饰“cities”，“crowd”的形容词形式是 “crowded”，表示“拥挤的城市”。
第三部分
第一节 【主旨大意】本文介绍了湖南小学生邓昊轩团队为解决月球无风环境下国旗飘扬的难题，利用通电导线产生磁场，历经数月测试成功设计出适配太空环境的国旗方案。该方案将被嫦娥七号探测器搭载至月球，展现了青少年从课堂思考到航天实践的卓越创造力与科学探索精神。
41. In 2026. 42. Because there is no wind.
43. Magnets were too heavy.
44. To find the ideal wire position for space.
45. They are creative and persistent.
第二节 范文：
Is Space Exploration Worth It
Hello，everyone! Recently，the“Yutu-2” lunar rover left a mooncake-shaped pattern on the moon，which has attracted wide attention. In our class，we had a survey about whether space exploration is worth it.
Thirty percent of my classmates are against it. They think space is too far away from our daily life and that the cost is too high. However，seventy percent support it. They believe exploring the mysteries of the universe is exciting and that it helps push scientific and technological progress.
Personally，I think space exploration is valuable. It broadens our horizons and may bring benefits to humanity in the future. So，let’s keep exploring!

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