资源简介

广东省东莞市光明中学2025-2026学年度第八年级二学期期中考试试题英语卷
一、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
语法选择
Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh was such 1． artist. People did not pay much attention to his paintings. At the time, no one thought he would become one of 2． painters in the world. But he did not give up painting. He was so interested in 3． he painted that he did not want to stop. Sometimes he was so focused that he even forgot to eat!
At first, his paintings were dark. He used pencils to make them. Then he 4． color. He used lots of brown and dark green.
Later, Vincent moved to France. He learned 5． other artists. The artists worked there 6． . They shared experience of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colors. He used oil paints（油画颜料） 7． his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He also painted self-portraits（自画像）. He created more than 20 portraits of 8． !
Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings 9． his life. Sadly, people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime. But now people think this 10． paintings are fantastic. For example, the painting Sunflowers is very famous all over the world.
1．A． a B． an C． the
2．A． good B． better C． the best
3．A． that B． what C． if
4．A． adds B． added C． was adding
5．A． about B． of C． from
6．A． care B． careful C． carefully
7．A． to create B． creating C． created
8．A． he B． him C． himself
9．A． in B． on C． at
10．A． artist B． artist's C． artists
二、完型填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
完形填空
One day, our English teacher Mr. White came into the classroom with a book in his hand. He started his lesson with a 11． . "Who can describe what stress is like " No one answered. Then he raised the book and asked, "How 12． is the book "
After hearing the question, we began to think and 13． . One student said, "I think it is 100g. " Another student said, "It's 200g. " Our answers were different. 14． , Mr. White explained, "It doesn't only depend on the 15． weight. It also has much to do with the time we hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have a 16． in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, I will have to see a doctor. It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes. This book stand for stress. If you hold it without putting it down, sooner or later, you will not be able to 17． . No matter how much 18． you have, stop and have a rest for a while if possible. Boys and girls, you should learn to 19． yourselves. I am sure you will live a happy school life. "
We all 20． Mr. White for giving such a meaningful lesson. It made a difference to us.
11．A． song B． story C． question D． picture
12．A． heavy B． big C． old D． thick
13．A． guess B． practice C． read D． search
14．A． Luckily B． Especially C． Secretly D． Finally
15．A． real B． huge C． main D． special
16．A． break B． wound C． disease D． pain
17．A． give up B． keep on
C． suffer from D． let down
18．A． stress B． time C． pleasure D． knowledge
19．A． hide B． compete C． relax D． encourage
20．A． accepted B． excused C． feared D． thanked
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。）
阅读短文，回答问题
Last month, some groups of students made a survey about"How do people spend their free time " in their community. The following diagrams（图表）show some results of it:
Diagram 1: Different days when people go to the library (library attendance). Diagram 2: Different TV programmes people like. Diagram 3: Hours for people of different ages who surf the internet in a week.
21．People aged ____ spend the most time surfing the Internet every week.
A．over 56 B．31—55 C．7—16 D．17—30
22．Which of the following TV programmes is the most popular one among people
A．News. B．Cartoons. C．Sport. D．Chat shows.
23．The word"attendance" in Diagram 1 means"____ in the library".
A．the days people spend B．the weeks people spend
C．the number of books D．the number of people
24．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the diagrams
A．Most people often go to the library on Wednesday.
B．The fewest people enjoy watching quiz shows.
C．More than half of the people love watching TV programmes ab out music and chat shows.
D．People over 56 spend the least time surfing the Internet.
25．Where can we find this kind of passage
A．In a textbook. B．In the newspaper.
C．In a science book. D．In a travel guide.
阅读短文，回答问题
In small villages, people often say hello to their neighbours in stores, on the streets, or outside their homes. But in cities, many people don't greet their neighbours, even when they are standing in line at a supermarket. A recent study shows that greeting neighbours, especially up to six people a day, is really good for you.
The study has found that greeting others can make you happier. The magic number is six. When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise. The study was carried out last year and got replies from more than 4,000 people. It tested people's social happiness, physical happiness, community happiness and more. People who greeted six neighbours had a much higher happiness score than those who didn't greet anyone.
You might think that saying hello is only about social happiness, but that's not true. Regular greetings also improve your physical and community happiness. ____ If you feel your community is safe, it's more possible for you to talk to people. Walking around your neighbourhood can make you feel better physically.
Dan Witters, the leader of the study, said,"We don't mean that you should know the person well. Just stop and talk to them. The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation. "
Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness.
26．How does the writer lead into the topic
A．By telling a story.
B．By explaining the reason.
C．By asking a question.
D．By introducing different actions.
27．Which of the following shows the change in happiness score after people greet neighbours
A． B．
C． D．
28．Which sentence can be put in ____
A．That's because all of these are joined together.
B．It's best to greet your neighbours in the morning.
C．Different neighbours can greet you in different ways.
D．The reason is that they have nothing to do with each other.
29．What can we learn from Dan Witters' words
A．The more people you know, the happier you are.
B．Saying hello may help people start a conversation.
C．Nothing improves happiness more than conversations.
D．Knowing people is more important than greeting them.
30．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The differences between village life and city life.
B．The importance of knowing neighbours well in cities.
C．The good points of greeting neighbours in our daily life.
D．The useful way to help people get to know their neighbours.
阅读下面关于自然奇观的描述，为左边的人物需求匹配最合适的介绍。
Tom shows great interest in the world's highest mountain. He hopes to get its exact height, location and why so many climbers dream of reaching its top. 　31． 　 Lily is really crazy about waterfalls and wants to know which one is the tallest on the earth. She also expects to learn about its country and how high it falls. 　32． 　 David is interested in dry and hot deserts. He wants to know the largest hot desert in the world, its general size and special climate features. 　33． 　 Tina is amazed at the lowest land place on Earth. She wants to know its name, how deep it is below sea level and why people can float easily there. 　34． 　 Eric loves the ocean very much and wants to know the deepest place in the world's oceans. He also wants to know where it is and how deep it is. 　35． 　 A.The Nile River It is the longest river in the world, about 6,671 km long. It runs through northeast Africa and was very import ant to ancient Egypt. B.Mount Qomolangma It is the world's highest mountain,8,848. 86 meters high. It lies between China and Nepal. Climbing it is difficult and dangerous. C.Angel Falls It is the tallest waterfall on Earth. It is in Venezuela, South America. It drops around 979 meters and looks very wonderful. D.The Sahara Desert It is the largest hot desert in the world. It is in Africa and covers about 9,000,000 square km. It is hot in the day and cold at night. E.The Dead Sea It is the lowest place on land, about 416 meters below sea level. Its water is very salty, so people can float easily. F.The Mariana Trench It is the deepest ocean place, about 11,000 meters deep. It is in the western Pacific Ocean. Few people have been there. G.The Grand Canyon It is a great natural wonder in the USA. It has high cliffs and along river inside. Many tourists visit it every year.
四、句子翻译（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
36． 他告诉我们不要如此轻易地放弃。
37． 你怎样伤着你自己的？
38． 如果你做错了或者说错了一些事，你应该道歉。
39． 虽然你们吵架了，但是你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。
40． 她吹长笛去放松。
五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有 两词为多余选项，请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
harm without pay we how need well or study bad difficulty for
Not having enough sleep is a common problem for people around the world. However, sleep is just like food and water to us. None of 　41． 　 can live if we don't sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult 　42． 　 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8. 5 to 9. 5 hours. Not getting enough sleep could be 　43． 　 to our health.
According to a(n) 　44． 　 , sleeping for only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol（酒 精） level of 0. 1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit（限制）in most countries. Most people probably won't take an exam 　45． 　 go to work if they get drunk（醉酒的）. But 　46． 　 enough sleep, they still do these things.
It is really　47． 　 to focus on their work or studies. As a result, they fail in the exams or perform 　48． 　 at work.
Although people know 　49． 　 important sleep is, many of them are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent of the people say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They find it hard to 　50． 　 full attention during the day. However, they don't seem to care. Some say they' re fine with little sleep. They should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共20分）A. 根据短文内容回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容回答问题
Eight-year-old Maya and her parents were on vacation happily. They were walking in the Appalachian Mountains, which are a group of mountains in North America. Maya's family were walking on a long, long road. It is called the Appalachian Trail. It starts in the US state of Maine and ends in the state of Georgia. Maya and her family started near their home in Maryland. This was Maya's first time to leave her state, so she was really excited. After walking for some days, the family decided to take a rest in West Virginia. Then they went on their vacation.
Every evening, Maya and her family would make a campfire. She loved to sing and dance around it. She also enjoyed sleeping in a tent each night. And in the morning, she would get up early so that she could have much time to enjoy her trip. Maya wanted to remember everything interesting on her vacation and she had her special way to do that—drawing. For example, when she saw a new animal, she would take out her pencil and draw quickly.
Maya learned that she had to be quiet if she wanted the animals to stay. She also drew a lot of flowers. Maya thought that flowers were much easier to draw, because they didn't run away! She spent an excellent vacation with her parents.
51．Which road were Maya's family walking on
52．What did Maya's family decide to do in West Virginia
53．Where did Maya sleep each night
54．How did Maya remember everything interesting on her vacation
55．Why did Maya think that flowers were much easier to draw
七、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共20分）B. 书面表达。（共10分）
56． 作为一名中学生，我们有成长的快乐和烦恼。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英文短文，说说你业余时间最喜欢做的事和成长中的烦恼。
作文要求：1. 不得在作文中出现真实的学校名称和学生的真实姓名； 2. 语句连贯，词数80左右。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．B；4．B；5．C；6．C；7．A；8．C；9．A；10．B
【知识点】记叙文；优秀艺术家及其艺术成就
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Vincent的成就及故事。
【点评】考查语法选择。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
1．句意：文森特·梵高就是这样一位艺术家。A.a，不定冠词，一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；B.an，不定冠词，一，用于元音音素开头的单词前；C.the，定冠词，表示特指；此处泛指"这样的一位艺术家"，用不定冠词；artist是以元音音素/ɑ /开头的单词，因此用不定冠词`an`，故选B。
2．句意：那时，没有人料到他会成为世界上最伟大的画家之一。A.good，形容词，好的；B.better，形容词比较级，更好的；C.the best，最好的；"one of + the +形容词最高级 +可数名词复数"是固定结构，表示"最……的……之一"，good是原级，better是比较级，the best是最高级，故选C。
3．句意：他对他画的东西如此感兴趣以至于他不想停下来。A.that，连词，无实意；B.what，连词，指代物；C.if，连词，是否；空格处在宾语从句中作动词painted的宾语，需要连接代词，that在宾语从句中不作成分，无含义，if只起连接作用，what可以在从句中作宾语，表示"……的事物"，此处表示"他对自己所画的内容感兴趣"，故选B。
4．句意：然后他加入了颜色。add，动词，加；本段都是在描述梵高过去创作的经历，是一般过去时，adds是一般现在时，added是一般过去时，was adding是过去进行时，因此此处用一般过去式added，故选B。
5．句意：他向其他艺术家学习。A.about，介词，关于；B.of，介词，的；C.from，介词，从；固定搭配learn from sb.，意为"向某人学习"，learn about意为"了解"，learn of意为"听说"，此处表示梵高向法国其他艺术家学习，故选C。
6．句意：艺术家在那认真工作。A.care，名词，关系；B.careful，形容词，细心的；C.carefully，副词，仔细；此处修饰动词worked，需要用副词，care是名词/动词，careful是形容词，carefully是副词，故选C。
7．句意：他用油画染料创作他的画作。create，动词，创作；此处表示"他用油画颜料创作他的艺术作品"，不定式to do表目的，符合逻辑，故选A。
8．句意：他创作了20多幅自己的肖像画。前文提到"painted self-portraits（画自画像）"，因此此处表示"他创作了20多幅他自己的自画像"，himself表示"他自己"，符合语境，he是主格人称代词，him是宾格人称代词，故选C。
9．句意：A.in，介词，在；B.on，介词，在……上；C.at，介词，在；in one's life是固定搭配，意为"在某人的一生中"，介词用in，故选A。
10．句意：但现在人们认为这位艺术家的画作非常棒。A.artist，艺术家；B.artist's，美术家的；C.artists，表演家；此处表示"这位艺术家的画作"，需要用名词所有格表示所属关系，artist's是单数名词所有格，artists是名词复数，因此选B。
【答案】11．C；12．A；13．A；14．D；15．A；16．D；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】通过举书本举例讲解压力管理。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
11．句意：他用一个问题开课。根据后文老师问`"Who can describe what stress is like "`（谁能描述压力像什么？）可知，老师是以一个问题开启课程的。A歌曲，B故事，D图片，都不符合语境，故选C
12．句意：这本书多重？根据下文学生回答`I think it is 100g``It's 200g`都是重量，可知老师问的是这本书有多重。how heavy多重，B大，C老，D厚，都不符合上下文，故选A
13．句意：听到这个问题后，我们开始思考和寻找。听到老师问重量后，学生们开始思考，并且给出不同的猜测，对应下文不同的答案，B练习，C阅读，D搜寻，都不符合语境，故选A
14．句意：学生们给出不同答案后，最后怀特老师出来解释。逻辑顺承：学生发言后，老师最终给出讲解。A幸运地，B尤其，C秘密地，都不符合逻辑，故选D
15．句意：它不只依赖真实重量。根据老师的讲解：它不只取决于书本本身真实的重量，还和我们举着它的时间有关，real weight表示真实重量，符合语境。B巨大的，C主要的，D特殊的，都不符合语义，故选A
16．句意：如果我举一个小时，我的右胳膊会疼。根据常识，举重物举一小时，胳膊会酸痛。have a pain表示疼痛，符合句意。A断裂，B伤口，C疾病，都语义过重，不符合语境，故选D
17．句意：如果你一直扛着压力不放下，迟早你会无法继续坚持下去。keep on表示继续坚持，符合语义。A放弃，C遭受，D使失望，都不符合语境，故选B
18．句意：管你有多少压力，有机会就停下来休息一会儿。全文都围绕压力（stress）讲解，这里点题：不管你有多少压力，有机会就停下来休息一会儿。B时间，C快乐，D知识，不符合主题，故选A
19．句意：应该学会放松自己。上文说要停下来休息，所以这里是说要学会放松自己。A隐藏，B竞争，D鼓励，都不符合上文"休息放松"的逻辑，故选C
20．句意：我们感谢怀特老师给我们上了这么有意义的一课。thank sb for sth表示因为某事感谢某人，符合语境。A接受，B原谅，C害怕，都不符合语义，故选D
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．D
24．C
25．B
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动；细节理解；词义猜测；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同年龄段的人在不同的时间他们的生活习惯。
【点评】考查阅读理解。考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和文章出处题三种题型。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。做文章出处题时，要仔细阅读全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心观点及主要事实，提炼信息，注意文章涉及的主题、领域、观点倾向等，这些信息往往能反映文章的来源。
21．细节理解题。根据"Hours for people of different ages who surf the Internet in a week."可知，31—55的人上网最多。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据"Different TV programmes people like."中"News 37%"可知，新闻最受人们欢迎。故选A。
23．词义猜测题。根据"Different days when people go to the library (library attendance)."以及根据下图周一至周日每天大概多少人去图书馆，可猜测"人数"符合语境。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据"Different TV programmes people like."中"Music 10%、Chat shows 19%"可知，喜欢音乐和聊天节目的人数共占29%，未超过总人数的一半。故选C。
25．文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章是关于社区学生对人们如何度过空闲时间的调查结果，这种调查结果通常会出现在报纸上。故选B。
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．B
30．C
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要陈述了日常生活中问候邻居对我们的幸福感有很多好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段开篇对比了"乡村人们和邻居打招呼、城市人们不问候邻居"这两种不同的行为，之后引出"和邻居打招呼对人有益"这个研究主题。作者没有讲故事、没有解释原因、也没有提出问题，只是介绍了两种不同的日常行为，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段内容`When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise.`，快乐分数的变化趋势是：打招呼的人数从0到6的时候，分数上升；超过6人之后，分数不再上升，保持平稳。符合这一趋势的是B选项的图示，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据空格前"Regular greetings also improve your physical and community happiness."提出打招呼不止提升社交幸福感，还能提升身体和社区幸福感；空格后"If you feel your community is safe, it's more possible for you to talk to people."解释你觉得社区安全才更可能和人交谈，在社区散步也能让身体更舒适——说明这几种幸福感是相互关联的。B选项（最好早上问候邻居），下文没有相关内容，不符合；C选项（不同邻居会用不同方式和你打招呼），和上下文话题不衔接；D选项（原因是它们彼此毫无关系），和文意相悖；A选项（那是因为所有这些幸福感都是相互关联的），符合逻辑，故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据Dan Witters的话`The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation.`可知打招呼会增加开启对话的机会，对应B选项。故选B。
30．文章大意题。通读全文，文章通过研究说明：日常生活中问候邻居对我们的幸福感有很多好处，结尾也点出"Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness."，核心是说日常生活中问候邻居的好处，对应C选项。故选C。
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．D；34．E；35．F
【知识点】旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】右侧给出了自然奇观，左侧是一些景点介绍。
【点评】考查配对阅读。解答此类题目，要先对文章，然后再找对应的答案。
31．根据"He hopes to get its exact height, location and why so many climbers dream of reaching its top. "可知Tom的核心需求是世界最高的山，想要获取它的海拔、位置和攀登吸引力。选项B介绍的珠穆朗玛峰（Mount Qomolangma）完全符合：它明确说明是世界最高山峰，标注了海拔8848.86米，点明了中尼之间的位置，也提到了攀登的挑战，符合很多登山者梦想登顶的描述，故选B。
32．根据"She also expects to learn about its country and how high it falls"可知Lily热爱瀑布，想要找世界最高瀑布，了解它所在国家和落差。选项C介绍的安赫尔瀑布（*Angel Falls*）完全符合：它明确是全球最高瀑布，位于南美洲委内瑞拉，落差约979米，满足Lily的所有需求，故选C。
33．根据"He wants to know the largest hot desert in the world, its general size and special climate features."可知David想要了解世界最大的热沙漠，获取它的面积和气候特点。选项D介绍的撒哈拉沙漠（The Sahara Desert）完全符合：它明确是世界最大热沙漠，给出了约900万平方公里的面积，同时点明了"昼热夜冷"的气候特征，符合需求，故选D。
34．根据" She wants to know its name, how deep it is below sea level and why people can float easily there. "可知ina想要了解陆地上最低的地方，想知道名称、海拔深度和人们容易漂浮的原因。选项E介绍的死海（The Dead Sea）完全符合：它明确是陆地最低点，海拔在海平面下416米，同时说明高盐度让人们可以轻松漂浮，解释了漂浮的原因，符合需求，故选E。
35．根据"Eric loves the ocean very much and wants to know the deepest place in the world's oceans. He also wants to know where it is and how deep it is. "可知Eric想要了解海洋中最深的地点，想知道它的位置和深度。选项F介绍的马里亚纳海沟（The Mariana Trench）完全符合：它明确是海洋最深点，深度约11000米，位置在西太平洋，满足Eric的需求，故选F。
36．【答案】He told us not to give up so easily.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】分析句子结构可知主语是"他"，谓语是"告诉"，宾语是"我们"，"不要轻易放弃"是宾语补足语；他，代词主格，he；告诉，动词，tell；我们，代词宾格，us；不，副词，not；放弃，give up；如此轻易，so easily；固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事；根据句意可知此句描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，即He told us not to give up so easily，故填He told us not to give up so easily.
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
37．【答案】How did you hurt yourself
【知识点】汉译英；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是特殊疑问句，结构为"特殊疑问句+一般疑问句语序"，且问过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，此句的构成为"特殊疑问词+did+主语+谓语+其他"；你，代词主格，you；怎样，特殊疑问词，how；伤着，动词，hurt；你自己，反身代词，yourself；即How did you hurt yourself 故填How did you hurt yourself
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
38．【答案】If you did/ do or said/ say something wrong, you should say sorry.
【知识点】汉译英；if引导的条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是条件状语从句，用一般过去时或一般现在时。如果，if；你，you；做，do；说，say；错事，something wrong；应该，should；道歉，say sorry；此句可翻译为If you did/do or said/say something wrong, you should say sorry.故填If you did/ do or said/ say something wrong, you should say sorry.
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
39．【答案】Although you argued, you are still very close friends.
【知识点】汉译英；although / though引导让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是让步状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时；虽然，although；你们，you；争吵，argue；仍然是，be still；非常亲密度朋友，very close friends；从句为Although you argued，主句为you are still very close friends，故填Although you argued, you are still very close friends.
【点评】考查汉译英、固定搭配、一般过去时、although引导的条件状语从句。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
40．【答案】She plays/ played the flute to relax.
【知识点】汉译英；肯定陈述句；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】她，代词，she；吹长笛play the flute；放松，动词，relax；分析所给句子成分可知，主语是"她"，谓语是"吹长笛"，可以指习惯用一般现在时，也可以指过去的行为用一般过去时，"去放松"作目的状语，用不定式形式，因此主语是She，是单数第三人称，谓语用单三relaxes或动词过去式relaxed，即She plays/ played the flute to relax.故填She plays/ played the flute to relax.
【点评】考查汉译英、动词不定式、固定搭配、一般现在时、一般过去时。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
【答案】41．us；42．needs；43．harmful；44．study；45．or；46．without；47．difficult；48．badly；49．how；50．pay
【知识点】说明文；身体健康
【解析】【分析】本文阐述了充足睡眠的重要性。
harm，名词，害处；without，介词，没有；pay，动词，付出；we，代词，我们；how，怎么样；need，动词，需要；well，副词，好；or，连词，或者；study，名词，研究；bad，形容词，坏的；difficulty，名词，困难；for，介词，为了。
【点评】考查选词填空。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答，注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
41．句意：如果我们完全不睡觉，我们没有人能活着。动词是live，所以主语是表示人或者有生命的单词，结合备选词，we，代词主格，我们，of后接人称代词宾格，宾格形式为us。故填us。
42．句意：睡眠专家说一个成年人一晚上需要7到9个小时的睡眠，而青少年需要8.5到9.5小时。上下文是一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时；结合后文"a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours"可知此处表示"成年人每晚需要7-9小时睡眠"，句子主语an adult是第三人称单数，need，动词，需要，变第三人称单数needs。故填needs。
43．句意：得不到足够的睡眠对我们的健康有害。根据句意得不到足够的睡眠肯定对身体不好，harm，名词，害处，固定搭配be harmful to对……有害，故填harmful。
44．句意：根据一项调查，一个星期每天只睡五小时就如同血液含有百分之零点一的酒精。空格前a(n)后接可数名词单数，结合后文内容，这是一项研究得出的结论，study，名词，研究，符合语境。故填study。
45．句意：如果醉酒，大多数人可能不会考试或者工作。此处"take an exam"和"go to work"是并列选择关系，否定句中用or连接并列成分，表示"大多数人醉酒后不会去参加考试或者上班"，or，连词，或者。故填or。
46．句意：但是没有足够的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事情。结合前文对比醉酒的情况，此处表示"但睡眠不足的时候，他们还是照常做这些事"，without，介词，没有，without enough sleep表示"没有充足睡眠"，符合语境，故填without。
47．句意：集中注意力到他们的工作或学习上真得困难。根据上文睡眠不足的影响，此处表示"很难集中注意力在工作和学习上"，用形容词作表语，符合句式It is +adj.+to do，difficulty，名词，困难，转化为形容词difficult。故填difficult。
48．句意：结果是，他们考试失利或者在工作中表现不好。此处修饰动词perform，要用副词；结合前文they fail in the exams，可知工作上也表现不好，bad，形容词，不好的，转化为副词badly。故填badly。
49．句意：尽管人们知道睡眠多重要，他们中的许多人没有得到足够的睡眠。此处是宾语从句，修饰形容词important，用how表示"多么重要"，符合语境"尽管人们知道睡眠有多重要"，故填how。
50．句意：他们发现在白天很难集中全部精力。固定搭配pay attention表示"集中注意力"，find it +adj.+to do中to后接动词原形，此处表示"白天很难集中全部注意力"，故填pay。
【答案】51．The Appalachian Trail.
52．Maya's family/ The family/ They decided to take a rest in West Virginia. / To take a rest (in West Virginia).
53．Maya/ She slept in a tent each night. / In a tent.
54．By drawing.
55．Because they didn't run away.
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文描述了八岁的Maya和她家人的旅行。
【点评】考查阅读表达。首先阅读题目，然后带着问题从原文找答案，尽量用原文语句回答问题。
51．根据"Maya's family were walking on a long, long road. It is called the Appalachian Trail."可知玛雅的家人正在一条很长很长的路上行走。它被称为阿巴拉契亚小径。故填The Appalachian Trail.
52．根据"After walking for some days, the family decided to take a rest in West Virginia."可知走了几天后，这家人决定在西弗吉尼亚州休息一下。故填Maya's family/ The family/ They decided to take a rest in West Virginia. / To take a rest (in West Virginia).
53．根据"She also enjoyed sleeping in a tent each night."可知她也喜欢每晚睡在帐篷里。故填Maya/ She slept in a tent each night. / In a tent.
54．根据"Maya wanted to remember everything interesting on her vacation and she had her special way to do that—drawing."可知玛雅想记住她假期里所有有趣的事情，她有自己特别的记录方式——画画。故填By drawing.
55．根据"Maya thought that flowers were much easier to draw, because they didn't run away!"可知玛雅觉得花更容易画，因为它们不会跑掉。故填Because they didn't run away.
56．【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；自我提升
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文，文章用一般现在时。围绕课余爱好和成长烦恼两方面写作，我们可以按照"总起引入→爱好介绍→烦恼表达→总结期盼"的结构展开。
【点评】考查提纲作文、自我提升、记叙文。 开头总起引入，说明我们作为中学生既有快乐也有烦恼，可以使用have a good time、have a difficult time、not only……but also等短语。主体第一部分介绍自己课余最喜欢的活动，结合表格提示说明喜欢的原因，比如阅读放松、和朋友户外活动增进友谊等，可以使用when引导的时间状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句和enjoy doing、be good at等短语。主体第二部分写出自己的烦恼，比如课业压力大、和父母相处的问题，符合表格提示的方向，可以使用however、but等表示转折的词和be disappointed等短语。结尾简单表达自己对未来的期盼，让文章结构完整。
1 / 1广东省东莞市光明中学2025-2026学年度第八年级二学期期中考试试题英语卷
一、语法选择（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
语法选择
Some artists are often not famous during their lifetime. Vincent van Gogh was such 1． artist. People did not pay much attention to his paintings. At the time, no one thought he would become one of 2． painters in the world. But he did not give up painting. He was so interested in 3． he painted that he did not want to stop. Sometimes he was so focused that he even forgot to eat!
At first, his paintings were dark. He used pencils to make them. Then he 4． color. He used lots of brown and dark green.
Later, Vincent moved to France. He learned 5． other artists. The artists worked there 6． . They shared experience of painting. In France, Vincent began using bright colors. He used oil paints（油画颜料） 7． his art. He painted both the countryside and people. He also painted self-portraits（自画像）. He created more than 20 portraits of 8． !
Vincent completed more than 2,000 paintings 9． his life. Sadly, people did not buy his paintings during his lifetime. But now people think this 10． paintings are fantastic. For example, the painting Sunflowers is very famous all over the world.
1．A． a B． an C． the
2．A． good B． better C． the best
3．A． that B． what C． if
4．A． adds B． added C． was adding
5．A． about B． of C． from
6．A． care B． careful C． carefully
7．A． to create B． creating C． created
8．A． he B． him C． himself
9．A． in B． on C． at
10．A． artist B． artist's C． artists
【答案】1．B；2．C；3．B；4．B；5．C；6．C；7．A；8．C；9．A；10．B
【知识点】记叙文；优秀艺术家及其艺术成就
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了Vincent的成就及故事。
【点评】考查语法选择。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
1．句意：文森特·梵高就是这样一位艺术家。A.a，不定冠词，一，用于辅音音素开头的单词前；B.an，不定冠词，一，用于元音音素开头的单词前；C.the，定冠词，表示特指；此处泛指"这样的一位艺术家"，用不定冠词；artist是以元音音素/ɑ /开头的单词，因此用不定冠词`an`，故选B。
2．句意：那时，没有人料到他会成为世界上最伟大的画家之一。A.good，形容词，好的；B.better，形容词比较级，更好的；C.the best，最好的；"one of + the +形容词最高级 +可数名词复数"是固定结构，表示"最……的……之一"，good是原级，better是比较级，the best是最高级，故选C。
3．句意：他对他画的东西如此感兴趣以至于他不想停下来。A.that，连词，无实意；B.what，连词，指代物；C.if，连词，是否；空格处在宾语从句中作动词painted的宾语，需要连接代词，that在宾语从句中不作成分，无含义，if只起连接作用，what可以在从句中作宾语，表示"……的事物"，此处表示"他对自己所画的内容感兴趣"，故选B。
4．句意：然后他加入了颜色。add，动词，加；本段都是在描述梵高过去创作的经历，是一般过去时，adds是一般现在时，added是一般过去时，was adding是过去进行时，因此此处用一般过去式added，故选B。
5．句意：他向其他艺术家学习。A.about，介词，关于；B.of，介词，的；C.from，介词，从；固定搭配learn from sb.，意为"向某人学习"，learn about意为"了解"，learn of意为"听说"，此处表示梵高向法国其他艺术家学习，故选C。
6．句意：艺术家在那认真工作。A.care，名词，关系；B.careful，形容词，细心的；C.carefully，副词，仔细；此处修饰动词worked，需要用副词，care是名词/动词，careful是形容词，carefully是副词，故选C。
7．句意：他用油画染料创作他的画作。create，动词，创作；此处表示"他用油画颜料创作他的艺术作品"，不定式to do表目的，符合逻辑，故选A。
8．句意：他创作了20多幅自己的肖像画。前文提到"painted self-portraits（画自画像）"，因此此处表示"他创作了20多幅他自己的自画像"，himself表示"他自己"，符合语境，he是主格人称代词，him是宾格人称代词，故选C。
9．句意：A.in，介词，在；B.on，介词，在……上；C.at，介词，在；in one's life是固定搭配，意为"在某人的一生中"，介词用in，故选A。
10．句意：但现在人们认为这位艺术家的画作非常棒。A.artist，艺术家；B.artist's，美术家的；C.artists，表演家；此处表示"这位艺术家的画作"，需要用名词所有格表示所属关系，artist's是单数名词所有格，artists是名词复数，因此选B。
二、完型填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
完形填空
One day, our English teacher Mr. White came into the classroom with a book in his hand. He started his lesson with a 11． . "Who can describe what stress is like " No one answered. Then he raised the book and asked, "How 12． is the book "
After hearing the question, we began to think and 13． . One student said, "I think it is 100g. " Another student said, "It's 200g. " Our answers were different. 14． , Mr. White explained, "It doesn't only depend on the 15． weight. It also has much to do with the time we hold it. If I hold it for a minute, it is OK. If I hold it for an hour, I will have a 16． in my right arm. If I hold it for a day, I will have to see a doctor. It is the exact same weight, but the longer I hold it, the heavier it becomes. This book stand for stress. If you hold it without putting it down, sooner or later, you will not be able to 17． . No matter how much 18． you have, stop and have a rest for a while if possible. Boys and girls, you should learn to 19． yourselves. I am sure you will live a happy school life. "
We all 20． Mr. White for giving such a meaningful lesson. It made a difference to us.
11．A． song B． story C． question D． picture
12．A． heavy B． big C． old D． thick
13．A． guess B． practice C． read D． search
14．A． Luckily B． Especially C． Secretly D． Finally
15．A． real B． huge C． main D． special
16．A． break B． wound C． disease D． pain
17．A． give up B． keep on
C． suffer from D． let down
18．A． stress B． time C． pleasure D． knowledge
19．A． hide B． compete C． relax D． encourage
20．A． accepted B． excused C． feared D． thanked
【答案】11．C；12．A；13．A；14．D；15．A；16．D；17．B；18．A；19．C；20．D
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】通过举书本举例讲解压力管理。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
11．句意：他用一个问题开课。根据后文老师问`"Who can describe what stress is like "`（谁能描述压力像什么？）可知，老师是以一个问题开启课程的。A歌曲，B故事，D图片，都不符合语境，故选C
12．句意：这本书多重？根据下文学生回答`I think it is 100g``It's 200g`都是重量，可知老师问的是这本书有多重。how heavy多重，B大，C老，D厚，都不符合上下文，故选A
13．句意：听到这个问题后，我们开始思考和寻找。听到老师问重量后，学生们开始思考，并且给出不同的猜测，对应下文不同的答案，B练习，C阅读，D搜寻，都不符合语境，故选A
14．句意：学生们给出不同答案后，最后怀特老师出来解释。逻辑顺承：学生发言后，老师最终给出讲解。A幸运地，B尤其，C秘密地，都不符合逻辑，故选D
15．句意：它不只依赖真实重量。根据老师的讲解：它不只取决于书本本身真实的重量，还和我们举着它的时间有关，real weight表示真实重量，符合语境。B巨大的，C主要的，D特殊的，都不符合语义，故选A
16．句意：如果我举一个小时，我的右胳膊会疼。根据常识，举重物举一小时，胳膊会酸痛。have a pain表示疼痛，符合句意。A断裂，B伤口，C疾病，都语义过重，不符合语境，故选D
17．句意：如果你一直扛着压力不放下，迟早你会无法继续坚持下去。keep on表示继续坚持，符合语义。A放弃，C遭受，D使失望，都不符合语境，故选B
18．句意：管你有多少压力，有机会就停下来休息一会儿。全文都围绕压力（stress）讲解，这里点题：不管你有多少压力，有机会就停下来休息一会儿。B时间，C快乐，D知识，不符合主题，故选A
19．句意：应该学会放松自己。上文说要停下来休息，所以这里是说要学会放松自己。A隐藏，B竞争，D鼓励，都不符合上文"休息放松"的逻辑，故选C
20．句意：我们感谢怀特老师给我们上了这么有意义的一课。thank sb for sth表示因为某事感谢某人，符合语境。A接受，B原谅，C害怕，都不符合语义，故选D
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，共30分。）
阅读短文，回答问题
Last month, some groups of students made a survey about"How do people spend their free time " in their community. The following diagrams（图表）show some results of it:
Diagram 1: Different days when people go to the library (library attendance). Diagram 2: Different TV programmes people like. Diagram 3: Hours for people of different ages who surf the internet in a week.
21．People aged ____ spend the most time surfing the Internet every week.
A．over 56 B．31—55 C．7—16 D．17—30
22．Which of the following TV programmes is the most popular one among people
A．News. B．Cartoons. C．Sport. D．Chat shows.
23．The word"attendance" in Diagram 1 means"____ in the library".
A．the days people spend B．the weeks people spend
C．the number of books D．the number of people
24．Which of the following is NOT TRUE according to the diagrams
A．Most people often go to the library on Wednesday.
B．The fewest people enjoy watching quiz shows.
C．More than half of the people love watching TV programmes ab out music and chat shows.
D．People over 56 spend the least time surfing the Internet.
25．Where can we find this kind of passage
A．In a textbook. B．In the newspaper.
C．In a science book. D．In a travel guide.
【答案】21．B
22．A
23．D
24．C
25．B
【知识点】记叙文；日常活动；细节理解；词义猜测；文章出处
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了不同年龄段的人在不同的时间他们的生活习惯。
【点评】考查阅读理解。考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题和文章出处题三种题型。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 猜测任何词义都离不开上下文，所以要借助上下文对需要猜测的词或短语进行合乎逻辑的推测。做文章出处题时，要仔细阅读全文，把握文章的主旨大意、核心观点及主要事实，提炼信息，注意文章涉及的主题、领域、观点倾向等，这些信息往往能反映文章的来源。
21．细节理解题。根据"Hours for people of different ages who surf the Internet in a week."可知，31—55的人上网最多。故选B。
22．细节理解题。根据"Different TV programmes people like."中"News 37%"可知，新闻最受人们欢迎。故选A。
23．词义猜测题。根据"Different days when people go to the library (library attendance)."以及根据下图周一至周日每天大概多少人去图书馆，可猜测"人数"符合语境。故选D。
24．细节理解题。根据"Different TV programmes people like."中"Music 10%、Chat shows 19%"可知，喜欢音乐和聊天节目的人数共占29%，未超过总人数的一半。故选C。
25．文章出处题。通读全文可知，文章是关于社区学生对人们如何度过空闲时间的调查结果，这种调查结果通常会出现在报纸上。故选B。
阅读短文，回答问题
In small villages, people often say hello to their neighbours in stores, on the streets, or outside their homes. But in cities, many people don't greet their neighbours, even when they are standing in line at a supermarket. A recent study shows that greeting neighbours, especially up to six people a day, is really good for you.
The study has found that greeting others can make you happier. The magic number is six. When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise. The study was carried out last year and got replies from more than 4,000 people. It tested people's social happiness, physical happiness, community happiness and more. People who greeted six neighbours had a much higher happiness score than those who didn't greet anyone.
You might think that saying hello is only about social happiness, but that's not true. Regular greetings also improve your physical and community happiness. ____ If you feel your community is safe, it's more possible for you to talk to people. Walking around your neighbourhood can make you feel better physically.
Dan Witters, the leader of the study, said,"We don't mean that you should know the person well. Just stop and talk to them. The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation. "
Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness.
26．How does the writer lead into the topic
A．By telling a story.
B．By explaining the reason.
C．By asking a question.
D．By introducing different actions.
27．Which of the following shows the change in happiness score after people greet neighbours
A． B．
C． D．
28．Which sentence can be put in ____
A．That's because all of these are joined together.
B．It's best to greet your neighbours in the morning.
C．Different neighbours can greet you in different ways.
D．The reason is that they have nothing to do with each other.
29．What can we learn from Dan Witters' words
A．The more people you know, the happier you are.
B．Saying hello may help people start a conversation.
C．Nothing improves happiness more than conversations.
D．Knowing people is more important than greeting them.
30．What is the main idea of the passage
A．The differences between village life and city life.
B．The importance of knowing neighbours well in cities.
C．The good points of greeting neighbours in our daily life.
D．The useful way to help people get to know their neighbours.
【答案】26．D
27．B
28．A
29．B
30．C
【知识点】说明文；细节理解；推理判断；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文主要陈述了日常生活中问候邻居对我们的幸福感有很多好处。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。
26．细节理解题。根据文章第一段开篇对比了"乡村人们和邻居打招呼、城市人们不问候邻居"这两种不同的行为，之后引出"和邻居打招呼对人有益"这个研究主题。作者没有讲故事、没有解释原因、也没有提出问题，只是介绍了两种不同的日常行为，故选D。
27．细节理解题。根据第二段内容`When you greet up to six people, your happiness score goes up. After that, the score shows no further rise.`，快乐分数的变化趋势是：打招呼的人数从0到6的时候，分数上升；超过6人之后，分数不再上升，保持平稳。符合这一趋势的是B选项的图示，故选B。
28．推理判断题。根据空格前"Regular greetings also improve your physical and community happiness."提出打招呼不止提升社交幸福感，还能提升身体和社区幸福感；空格后"If you feel your community is safe, it's more possible for you to talk to people."解释你觉得社区安全才更可能和人交谈，在社区散步也能让身体更舒适——说明这几种幸福感是相互关联的。B选项（最好早上问候邻居），下文没有相关内容，不符合；C选项（不同邻居会用不同方式和你打招呼），和上下文话题不衔接；D选项（原因是它们彼此毫无关系），和文意相悖；A选项（那是因为所有这些幸福感都是相互关联的），符合逻辑，故选A。
29．细节理解题。根据Dan Witters的话`The more people you greet, the more chances you have to start a conversation.`可知打招呼会增加开启对话的机会，对应B选项。故选B。
30．文章大意题。通读全文，文章通过研究说明：日常生活中问候邻居对我们的幸福感有很多好处，结尾也点出"Remember, saying hello regularly is a good way to improve your own happiness."，核心是说日常生活中问候邻居的好处，对应C选项。故选C。
阅读下面关于自然奇观的描述，为左边的人物需求匹配最合适的介绍。
Tom shows great interest in the world's highest mountain. He hopes to get its exact height, location and why so many climbers dream of reaching its top. 　31． 　 Lily is really crazy about waterfalls and wants to know which one is the tallest on the earth. She also expects to learn about its country and how high it falls. 　32． 　 David is interested in dry and hot deserts. He wants to know the largest hot desert in the world, its general size and special climate features. 　33． 　 Tina is amazed at the lowest land place on Earth. She wants to know its name, how deep it is below sea level and why people can float easily there. 　34． 　 Eric loves the ocean very much and wants to know the deepest place in the world's oceans. He also wants to know where it is and how deep it is. 　35． 　 A.The Nile River It is the longest river in the world, about 6,671 km long. It runs through northeast Africa and was very import ant to ancient Egypt. B.Mount Qomolangma It is the world's highest mountain,8,848. 86 meters high. It lies between China and Nepal. Climbing it is difficult and dangerous. C.Angel Falls It is the tallest waterfall on Earth. It is in Venezuela, South America. It drops around 979 meters and looks very wonderful. D.The Sahara Desert It is the largest hot desert in the world. It is in Africa and covers about 9,000,000 square km. It is hot in the day and cold at night. E.The Dead Sea It is the lowest place on land, about 416 meters below sea level. Its water is very salty, so people can float easily. F.The Mariana Trench It is the deepest ocean place, about 11,000 meters deep. It is in the western Pacific Ocean. Few people have been there. G.The Grand Canyon It is a great natural wonder in the USA. It has high cliffs and along river inside. Many tourists visit it every year.
【答案】31．B；32．C；33．D；34．E；35．F
【知识点】旅游观光类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】右侧给出了自然奇观，左侧是一些景点介绍。
【点评】考查配对阅读。解答此类题目，要先对文章，然后再找对应的答案。
31．根据"He hopes to get its exact height, location and why so many climbers dream of reaching its top. "可知Tom的核心需求是世界最高的山，想要获取它的海拔、位置和攀登吸引力。选项B介绍的珠穆朗玛峰（Mount Qomolangma）完全符合：它明确说明是世界最高山峰，标注了海拔8848.86米，点明了中尼之间的位置，也提到了攀登的挑战，符合很多登山者梦想登顶的描述，故选B。
32．根据"She also expects to learn about its country and how high it falls"可知Lily热爱瀑布，想要找世界最高瀑布，了解它所在国家和落差。选项C介绍的安赫尔瀑布（*Angel Falls*）完全符合：它明确是全球最高瀑布，位于南美洲委内瑞拉，落差约979米，满足Lily的所有需求，故选C。
33．根据"He wants to know the largest hot desert in the world, its general size and special climate features."可知David想要了解世界最大的热沙漠，获取它的面积和气候特点。选项D介绍的撒哈拉沙漠（The Sahara Desert）完全符合：它明确是世界最大热沙漠，给出了约900万平方公里的面积，同时点明了"昼热夜冷"的气候特征，符合需求，故选D。
34．根据" She wants to know its name, how deep it is below sea level and why people can float easily there. "可知ina想要了解陆地上最低的地方，想知道名称、海拔深度和人们容易漂浮的原因。选项E介绍的死海（The Dead Sea）完全符合：它明确是陆地最低点，海拔在海平面下416米，同时说明高盐度让人们可以轻松漂浮，解释了漂浮的原因，符合需求，故选E。
35．根据"Eric loves the ocean very much and wants to know the deepest place in the world's oceans. He also wants to know where it is and how deep it is. "可知Eric想要了解海洋中最深的地点，想知道它的位置和深度。选项F介绍的马里亚纳海沟（The Mariana Trench）完全符合：它明确是海洋最深点，深度约11000米，位置在西太平洋，满足Eric的需求，故选F。
四、句子翻译（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
36． 他告诉我们不要如此轻易地放弃。
【答案】He told us not to give up so easily.
【知识点】汉译英；固定搭配；动词不定式
【解析】【分析】分析句子结构可知主语是"他"，谓语是"告诉"，宾语是"我们"，"不要轻易放弃"是宾语补足语；他，代词主格，he；告诉，动词，tell；我们，代词宾格，us；不，副词，not；放弃，give up；如此轻易，so easily；固定搭配tell sb. not to do sth.告诉某人不要做某事；根据句意可知此句描述过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，即He told us not to give up so easily，故填He told us not to give up so easily.
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
37． 你怎样伤着你自己的？
【答案】How did you hurt yourself
【知识点】汉译英；特殊疑问句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是特殊疑问句，结构为"特殊疑问句+一般疑问句语序"，且问过去发生的事情，句子用一般过去时，此句的构成为"特殊疑问词+did+主语+谓语+其他"；你，代词主格，you；怎样，特殊疑问词，how；伤着，动词，hurt；你自己，反身代词，yourself；即How did you hurt yourself 故填How did you hurt yourself
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
38． 如果你做错了或者说错了一些事，你应该道歉。
【答案】If you did/ do or said/ say something wrong, you should say sorry.
【知识点】汉译英；if引导的条件状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是条件状语从句，用一般过去时或一般现在时。如果，if；你，you；做，do；说，say；错事，something wrong；应该，should；道歉，say sorry；此句可翻译为If you did/do or said/say something wrong, you should say sorry.故填If you did/ do or said/ say something wrong, you should say sorry.
【点评】考查汉译英。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
39． 虽然你们吵架了，但是你们仍然是非常亲密的朋友。
【答案】Although you argued, you are still very close friends.
【知识点】汉译英；although / though引导让步状语从句
【解析】【分析】根据句意可知此句是让步状语从句，从句用一般过去时，主句用一般现在时；虽然，although；你们，you；争吵，argue；仍然是，be still；非常亲密度朋友，very close friends；从句为Although you argued，主句为you are still very close friends，故填Although you argued, you are still very close friends.
【点评】考查汉译英、固定搭配、一般过去时、although引导的条件状语从句。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
40． 她吹长笛去放松。
【答案】She plays/ played the flute to relax.
【知识点】汉译英；肯定陈述句；一般过去时
【解析】【分析】她，代词，she；吹长笛play the flute；放松，动词，relax；分析所给句子成分可知，主语是"她"，谓语是"吹长笛"，可以指习惯用一般现在时，也可以指过去的行为用一般过去时，"去放松"作目的状语，用不定式形式，因此主语是She，是单数第三人称，谓语用单三relaxes或动词过去式relaxed，即She plays/ played the flute to relax.故填She plays/ played the flute to relax.
【点评】考查汉译英、动词不定式、固定搭配、一般现在时、一般过去时。首先根据汉语匹配英语，然后分析句子结构确定句子的各部分形式，最后根据语法规则将句子写出来。
五、短文填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，共10分）
请从方框中选择适当的词并用其正确形式填空，使文章完整连贯，注意每空一词，每词仅用一次，有 两词为多余选项，请将答案写在答题卡对应题目的答题位置上。
harm without pay we how need well or study bad difficulty for
Not having enough sleep is a common problem for people around the world. However, sleep is just like food and water to us. None of 　41． 　 can live if we don't sleep at all. Sleep experts say that an adult 　42． 　 7 to 9 hours of sleep a night and a teenager needs 8. 5 to 9. 5 hours. Not getting enough sleep could be 　43． 　 to our health.
According to a(n) 　44． 　 , sleeping for only five hours a night for a week is like having a blood-alcohol（酒 精） level of 0. 1 percent. That is above the safe driving limit（限制）in most countries. Most people probably won't take an exam 　45． 　 go to work if they get drunk（醉酒的）. But 　46． 　 enough sleep, they still do these things.
It is really　47． 　 to focus on their work or studies. As a result, they fail in the exams or perform 　48． 　 at work.
Although people know 　49． 　 important sleep is, many of them are not getting enough. In a survey, twenty percent of the people say that daytime sleepiness influences their daily work. They find it hard to 　50． 　 full attention during the day. However, they don't seem to care. Some say they' re fine with little sleep. They should realize that not sleeping enough is a serious problem.
【答案】41．us；42．needs；43．harmful；44．study；45．or；46．without；47．difficult；48．badly；49．how；50．pay
【知识点】说明文；身体健康
【解析】【分析】本文阐述了充足睡眠的重要性。
harm，名词，害处；without，介词，没有；pay，动词，付出；we，代词，我们；how，怎么样；need，动词，需要；well，副词，好；or，连词，或者；study，名词，研究；bad，形容词，坏的；difficulty，名词，困难；for，介词，为了。
【点评】考查选词填空。注意理解句意，首先读一遍，然后再逐一作答，注意句型、搭配、短语及语境。
41．句意：如果我们完全不睡觉，我们没有人能活着。动词是live，所以主语是表示人或者有生命的单词，结合备选词，we，代词主格，我们，of后接人称代词宾格，宾格形式为us。故填us。
42．句意：睡眠专家说一个成年人一晚上需要7到9个小时的睡眠，而青少年需要8.5到9.5小时。上下文是一般现在时，此处也用一般现在时；结合后文"a teenager needs 8.5 to 9.5 hours"可知此处表示"成年人每晚需要7-9小时睡眠"，句子主语an adult是第三人称单数，need，动词，需要，变第三人称单数needs。故填needs。
43．句意：得不到足够的睡眠对我们的健康有害。根据句意得不到足够的睡眠肯定对身体不好，harm，名词，害处，固定搭配be harmful to对……有害，故填harmful。
44．句意：根据一项调查，一个星期每天只睡五小时就如同血液含有百分之零点一的酒精。空格前a(n)后接可数名词单数，结合后文内容，这是一项研究得出的结论，study，名词，研究，符合语境。故填study。
45．句意：如果醉酒，大多数人可能不会考试或者工作。此处"take an exam"和"go to work"是并列选择关系，否定句中用or连接并列成分，表示"大多数人醉酒后不会去参加考试或者上班"，or，连词，或者。故填or。
46．句意：但是没有足够的睡眠，他们仍然做这些事情。结合前文对比醉酒的情况，此处表示"但睡眠不足的时候，他们还是照常做这些事"，without，介词，没有，without enough sleep表示"没有充足睡眠"，符合语境，故填without。
47．句意：集中注意力到他们的工作或学习上真得困难。根据上文睡眠不足的影响，此处表示"很难集中注意力在工作和学习上"，用形容词作表语，符合句式It is +adj.+to do，difficulty，名词，困难，转化为形容词difficult。故填difficult。
48．句意：结果是，他们考试失利或者在工作中表现不好。此处修饰动词perform，要用副词；结合前文they fail in the exams，可知工作上也表现不好，bad，形容词，不好的，转化为副词badly。故填badly。
49．句意：尽管人们知道睡眠多重要，他们中的许多人没有得到足够的睡眠。此处是宾语从句，修饰形容词important，用how表示"多么重要"，符合语境"尽管人们知道睡眠有多重要"，故填how。
50．句意：他们发现在白天很难集中全部精力。固定搭配pay attention表示"集中注意力"，find it +adj.+to do中to后接动词原形，此处表示"白天很难集中全部注意力"，故填pay。
六、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共20分）A. 根据短文内容回答问题（共5小题，每小题2分，共10分）
根据短文内容回答问题
Eight-year-old Maya and her parents were on vacation happily. They were walking in the Appalachian Mountains, which are a group of mountains in North America. Maya's family were walking on a long, long road. It is called the Appalachian Trail. It starts in the US state of Maine and ends in the state of Georgia. Maya and her family started near their home in Maryland. This was Maya's first time to leave her state, so she was really excited. After walking for some days, the family decided to take a rest in West Virginia. Then they went on their vacation.
Every evening, Maya and her family would make a campfire. She loved to sing and dance around it. She also enjoyed sleeping in a tent each night. And in the morning, she would get up early so that she could have much time to enjoy her trip. Maya wanted to remember everything interesting on her vacation and she had her special way to do that—drawing. For example, when she saw a new animal, she would take out her pencil and draw quickly.
Maya learned that she had to be quiet if she wanted the animals to stay. She also drew a lot of flowers. Maya thought that flowers were much easier to draw, because they didn't run away! She spent an excellent vacation with her parents.
51．Which road were Maya's family walking on
52．What did Maya's family decide to do in West Virginia
53．Where did Maya sleep each night
54．How did Maya remember everything interesting on her vacation
55．Why did Maya think that flowers were much easier to draw
【答案】51．The Appalachian Trail.
52．Maya's family/ The family/ They decided to take a rest in West Virginia. / To take a rest (in West Virginia).
53．Maya/ She slept in a tent each night. / In a tent.
54．By drawing.
55．Because they didn't run away.
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文描述了八岁的Maya和她家人的旅行。
【点评】考查阅读表达。首先阅读题目，然后带着问题从原文找答案，尽量用原文语句回答问题。
51．根据"Maya's family were walking on a long, long road. It is called the Appalachian Trail."可知玛雅的家人正在一条很长很长的路上行走。它被称为阿巴拉契亚小径。故填The Appalachian Trail.
52．根据"After walking for some days, the family decided to take a rest in West Virginia."可知走了几天后，这家人决定在西弗吉尼亚州休息一下。故填Maya's family/ The family/ They decided to take a rest in West Virginia. / To take a rest (in West Virginia).
53．根据"She also enjoyed sleeping in a tent each night."可知她也喜欢每晚睡在帐篷里。故填Maya/ She slept in a tent each night. / In a tent.
54．根据"Maya wanted to remember everything interesting on her vacation and she had her special way to do that—drawing."可知玛雅想记住她假期里所有有趣的事情，她有自己特别的记录方式——画画。故填By drawing.
55．根据"Maya thought that flowers were much easier to draw, because they didn't run away!"可知玛雅觉得花更容易画，因为它们不会跑掉。故填Because they didn't run away.
七、读写综合（本大题分为A、B两部分，共20分）B. 书面表达。（共10分）
56． 作为一名中学生，我们有成长的快乐和烦恼。请你根据以下提示，写一篇英文短文，说说你业余时间最喜欢做的事和成长中的烦恼。
作文要求：1. 不得在作文中出现真实的学校名称和学生的真实姓名； 2. 语句连贯，词数80左右。
【答案】略
【知识点】提纲作文；自我提升
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文，文章用一般现在时。围绕课余爱好和成长烦恼两方面写作，我们可以按照"总起引入→爱好介绍→烦恼表达→总结期盼"的结构展开。
【点评】考查提纲作文、自我提升、记叙文。 开头总起引入，说明我们作为中学生既有快乐也有烦恼，可以使用have a good time、have a difficult time、not only……but also等短语。主体第一部分介绍自己课余最喜欢的活动，结合表格提示说明喜欢的原因，比如阅读放松、和朋友户外活动增进友谊等，可以使用when引导的时间状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句和enjoy doing、be good at等短语。主体第二部分写出自己的烦恼，比如课业压力大、和父母相处的问题，符合表格提示的方向，可以使用however、but等表示转折的词和be disappointed等短语。结尾简单表达自己对未来的期盼，让文章结构完整。
1 / 1

展开更多......

收起↑