资源简介

上海市浦东新区2025学年八年级第二学期期末质量检测英语试卷
语法选择
Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students 1． their problems. It helps students become 2． people than before.
People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3． by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4． problems with friends.
My group's topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5． he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, "After filming this psychodrama, I learned 6． communication is the key to good relationships, and I started to use this in real life."
Some groups looked at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn't do well in a test. Her parents might shout at her 7． , so she was afraid 8． her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on how to study and communicate with her parents. Psychodramas really help us grow.
1．A．solve B．solved C．solving
2．A．good B．better C．the best
3．A．write B．are writing C．are written
4．A．to B．at C．for
5．A．so B．but C．or
6．A．that B．whether C．what
7．A．angry B．angrily C．anger
8．A．tell B．to tell C．telling
选词填空
A. relaxed B. aware C. develop D. lonely E. independent
In school, the learning environment and people around us are of great importance. We should also learn to be 　9． 　 and take responsibility for our own actions. By doing so, we can 　10． 　 our skills and become more successful in our studies. We may feel 　11． 　 or lost with the heavy stress. But we shouldn't let these feelings stop us from achieving our goals. Instead, we can ask our teachers or classmates for help and work together to face challenges. School life is full of chances for growth and learning. By being 　12． 　 of the importance of things around us, we can make the most of our time in school and prepare ourselves for a bright future.
选词填空
A. creativity B. focus C. put down D. choose E. personal
Writing by hand may take longer than typing, but it seems to improve learning. Research shows that when we use a pen or pencil to 　13． 　 ideas on paper, we activate parts of the brain that help us learn, remember and think. Writing by hand let people show their 　14． 　, whether they are printing letters or practicing calligraphy. No two people have the same handwriting, which makes it a very 　15． 　 expression of each individual — it's lovely to receive a handwritten letter. Writing by hand can also help people 　16． 　. It's easy to get lost when you are using a digital device like a phone or a laptop, which also offers easy access to the internet games and apps.
Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。每空格限填一词）
Many young people believe that following fashion is 　17． 　 (need) to fit in. They want to look 　18． 　 (energy) and modern. Every day, we see beautiful models in some 　19． 　 (advertise) on our phones. These ads create a strong 　20． 　 (interesting) in buying new clothes. However, fast fashion can be 　21． 　 (terrible) harmful to the environment. Clothes are made cheaply and thrown away quickly. A much more 　22． 　 (effect) way to enjoy fashion is to buy second-hand or exchange clothes with friends. This is 　23． 　 (especial) true for teenagers, who grow out of clothes so fast. Some people feel 　24． 　 (doubt) about wearing used clothes, but in fact, it can be very stylish. I often share my old jacket with my sister and she also shares 　25． 　 (she) with me. We both save money and help the planet.
补全对话
Situation: Linda and Emma are having a conversation about saving money
Linda: Hi Emma! Saving money is a good habit for the future, 　26． 　 (附加疑问句)
Emma: Of course it is! Many students learn to manage their pocket money.
Linda: That's right. 　27． 　 (用一般疑问句提问)
Emma: Yes, I am! I am now trying to save some money from my pocket money every week.
Linda: Wow, that's great! 　28． 　 (针对用零花钱做什么提问)
Emma: I usually put most of it in my piggy bank, and only spend a little on snacks.
Linda: That's really wise. Why do you keep saving so much
Emma: I save money 　29． 　. (补全目的状语从句) This is my plan for now.
Linda: Oh! Your favourite books! I know you've wanted the books for a long time! 　30． 　! (感叹句，表达对计划的赞美) I should learn from you.
Emma: Thanks. Managing money in the right way can help us make better use of our money in the future.
Linda: I totally agree with you.
配对阅读。下面是五个人的问题和七则不同的建议，请将问题和建议进行匹配。
　31． 　 Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him. 　32． 　 Jane is impatient. She doesn't listen to her friends carefully. 　33． 　 Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities. 　34． 　 Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secrets between good friends. 　35． 　 Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends. A. Go out with people and make friends with them. Develop some hobbies and join in more activities. B. Share things with your friends. No one wants to make friends with selfish (自私的) people. C. Be a good listener. All of us hope people are really interested in what we are saying. If you don't care about your friends while they are talking, they will be unhappy with you. D. Be friendly to others. Everyone enjoys making friends with a kind person. E. Never try to ask about others' private things. Everyone has their own secrets. You should respect your friends no matter how close you are. F. Try to solve the problems by yourself. Although friends should help each other, no one wants to be troubled by problems all the time. G. Helping others means helping yourself. If you never help others in need, of course you won't get help from them.
阅读理解
JUST ASK
How many movies have you seen about space It looks fun, right But is it A lot of readers ask questions about the International Space Station (ISS 国际空间站). Today, we've answered four of the best ones.
Editor: Lily Bailey
Q1: What do astronauts do on the International Space Station every day
Answer: They do a lot! They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth. But too much work isn't good for anyone and we all need a little fun! Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it. If they get stressed, they relax by enjoying the views of our beautiful planet from space.
Q2: How much exercise do astronauts do
Answer: Well, quite a lot. Take the astronaut Koichi Wakata for example. He lived on the ISS for188 days and worked out for at least two hours every day. Some astronauts go jogging! Alan Shepard played moon golf in space. British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in2016 and set a Guinness World Record.
Q3: Does the body change in space
Answer: Yes, it does. Everything in space floats. Imagine sneezing (打喷嚏) in space! This means it's easy to lift things. Astronauts train a lot on Earth, but their bodies get weak if they don't do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks! These are only a few examples of the problems astronauts can have. Their muscles and hearts lose strength and their bones get weaker. Sometimes, when they get back to Earth, they're not strong enough to walk! The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot!
Q4: When and how do astronauts sleep
Answer: Good question. We all need to get enough sleep, but in space, with 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours, that's not easy. Too many changes from day to night make it difficult to know when to sleep. So astronauts have very strict routines and wear special blindfolds to keep from light.
36．Astronauts do a lot of work on the ISS except ____.
A．going on space walks B．repairing equipment
C．playing games outside D．conducting experiments
37．____ set a Guinness World Record for marathon in space.
A．Lily Bailey B．Koichi Wakata
C．Alan Shepard D．Tim Peake
38．The underlined word "this" in the third answer refers to ____.
A．doing enough exercise B．sneezing in space
C．making the body weak D．training on Earth
39．To reduce the harm of space activities on the body, astronauts should ____.
A．lift things often
B．do a lot of exercise in space
C．sneeze carefully
D．avoid lifting heavy things
40．The underlined word "blindfolds" means ____ in the passage.
A．special tools to block sunlight
B．soft clothes to keep warm
C．glasses to help see clearly
D．headphones to listen to sound
41．Lily Bailey answered the four questions to ____.
A．explain how the ISS was built
B．introduce the life on the ISS
C．describe the history of space exploration
D．list the countries that built the ISS
完形填空
Walk into a modern classroom in Shanghai, and you might see students using tablets (平板电脑) to learn. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the way we study. Some apps can now correct homework and even explain grammar rules. This makes some people wonder: Will AI eventually 42． human teachers
Supporters of AI say that technology makes learning more 43． . An AI system can analyze a student's mistakes and provide exercises that fit his or her level perfectly. "In a class of 40 students, a human teacher cannot take care of everyone's speed," says an expert. But AI can act like a private teacher for 44． .
However, there is another side to the story. Education is not just about passing on knowledge; it is also about emotional (情感的) connection. A machine can tell you that you made a mistake, but it cannot give you a look of 45． when you are ready to give up. "I remember when I failed my math exam," shares a Grade 8 student. "My iPad just showed me a low score. But my teacher pat me on the shoulder and told me I could do better. That 46． made all the difference."
Moreover, school is a place to learn social skills. Discussion, debate, and teamwork require human interaction. If students only stare at 47． all day, they might become knowledgeable but lonely.
Therefore, the relationship between AI and teachers should not be a competition. Instead, it should be a 48． . AI can handle the repetitive work, such as checking spelling or calculating scores. This leaves teachers with more time to focus on what they do best: 49． and inspiring students.
In the future, the best classrooms will likely be "hybrid (混合的)". Technology will provide the 50． , but humans will provide the warmth. We should welcome new technology, but we must never forget the 51． of a human heart in education.
42．A．help B．replace C．teach D．invite
43．A．expensive B．slow C．personal D．difficult
44．A．each B．none C．both D．neither
45．A．anger B．encouragement C．fear D．surprise
46．A．machine B．score C．support D．lesson
47．A．books B．notes C．screens D．windows
48．A．war B．partnership C．joke D．secret
49．A．guiding B．punishing C．confusing D．surprising
50．A．tools B．rules C．money D．walls
51．A．shape B．size C．cost D．value
阅读理解问答
Rivers are one of the most important natural resources on Earth. They provide fresh water for drinking, farming and industry. Rivers also support many kinds of plants and animals. For thousands of years, humans have lived near rivers and used their water to grow food and raise animals.
However, in the past century, many rivers have become polluted. Waste from cities, factories and farms flows into the water and harms fish, birds and other wildlife. Some chemicals in the water can make people sick if they drink it. In some parts of the world, people have to travel long distances just to find clean water. There are many reasons why rivers become polluted. One major cause is untreated sewage from towns and cities. Another cause is chemical waste from factories. Farmers also contribute to water pollution when fertilizers and pesticides are washed into rivers after rain.
Fortunately, people have begun to take action to protect rivers. Many countries have passed laws that limit the amount of pollution that can be dumped into water. Volunteers organise river clean-up events to remove trash, and scientists study water quality to find pollution sources. Schools teach students about the importance of clean water and how to reduce pollution in daily life.
Everyone can help protect rivers. ▲.
Task 1: Answer the questions.
52．What is one main use of rivers mentioned in the passage
53．Humans haven't lived near rivers for thousands of years, have they
54．According to the passage, why have many rivers become polluted
55．What is one effect of river pollution on people
56．Why do people have to travel long distances in some parts of the world
57．How are people trying to protect rivers
58．Task 2:
Complete the last paragraph according to the topic sentence in about 30 words.
Everyone can help protect rivers.
59．书面表达
Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格）
你校英文网站正在举办以"Memories with friends"为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，分享你与一位好朋友之间展现出真挚友情的瞬间。
（注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。）
答案解析部分
【答案】1．A；2．B；3．C；4．A；5．B；6．A；7．B；8．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了心理学老师布置拍摄心理剧的特殊任务，通过角色扮演帮助学生解决实际问题，并从中学会沟通与成长。
【点评】考查语法选择。语法选择题是检验考生语法掌握情况的重要方式。注意：仔细阅读题目，确保完全理解问题的含义和要求。注意使用限定词，这些词往往提供了关于答案的重要信息。了解上下文语境，这对于理解句子结构和词汇使用至关重要。对于常见的语法规则，如时态、语态、主谓一致等，要有清晰的认识。题干中往往带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，迅速找准这些词语。结合各选项的意义和特点，迅速缩小选择范围。注意句子的结构，特别是主句、从句、修饰语等部分。仔细分析句子的构造，避免被复杂的句子结构所迷惑。
1．句意：心理剧是一种试图帮助学生解决他们问题的戏剧。solve 解决，动词原形；solved 过去式/过去分词；solving 现在分词/动名词。根据语法规则，help sb. (to) do sth.为固定结构，意为"帮助某人做某事"，其中不定式符号to可以省略，因此此处需用动词原形solve作宾语补足语。故选A。
2．句意：它帮助学生成为比以前更好的人。good 好的，原级；better 更好的，比较级；the best 最好的，最高级。根据语法规则，句中出现比较连词than"比"，为比较级的典型标志词，因此形容词good需变为比较级better。故选B。
3．句意：心理剧在我们学校很受欢迎，因为这些剧本由学生编写。write 写，主动语态原形；are writing 现在进行时主动语态；are written 一般现在时被动语态。根据语法规则，主语the plays"剧本"与动词write"写"之间为被动关系（剧本是被学生写的），且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为"am/is/are + 过去分词"，主语为复数，故用are written。故选C。
4．句意：学生写关于任何事的剧本，从学习问题到朋友问题。to 到；at 在；for 为了。from...to...为固定搭配，意为"从……到……"，用于表示范围或区间，from problems with studies to problems with friends构成完整的范围表达。故选A。
5．句意：我扮演一个与舞蹈队成员有矛盾的男孩，但在听取同学建议后，他最终挽救了他们的友谊。so 所以，表结果；but 但是，表转折；or 或者，表选择。前半句"had problems with the members"（与成员有矛盾）与后半句"finally saved their friendship"（最终挽救友谊）之间存在语义上的转折关系，因此需用转折连词but连接两个分句。故选B。
6．句意：拍完这部心理剧后，我了解到沟通是良好关系的关键，并且我开始在现实生活中运用这一点。that 引导宾语从句，无实义；whether 是否；what 什么。learned后为宾语从句，从句"communication is the key to good relationships"结构完整，不缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分，且语义明确无疑问，因此用that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用（口语中常可省略）。故选A。
7．句意：她的父母可能会生气地对她大喊大叫，所以她不敢告诉父母考试的事。angry 生气的，形容词；angrily 生气地，副词；anger 生气，名词。此处修饰动词短语shout at her"对她大喊大叫"，需用副词作状语说明动作的方式，形容词angry修饰名词，名词anger作主语或宾语，均不能修饰动词，故用副词angrily。故选B。
8．句意：所以她害怕告诉父母关于考试的事。tell 告诉，动词原形；to tell 不定式；telling 动名词/现在分词。be afraid to do sth.为固定搭配，意为"害怕做某事"，强调因恐惧而不敢去做某事；be afraid of doing sth.则侧重于担心某事会发生。此处指女孩因害怕父母生气而不敢去告诉，强调不敢去做，故用be afraid to tell。故选B。
【答案】9．E；10．C；11．D；12．B
【知识点】议论文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章围绕校园学习生活展开，强调校园学习环境与周遭人际关系的重要性，引导学生要学会独立，为自身行为负责，主动发展个人能力，正确应对学业压力带来的负面情绪，主动求助，认清校园成长的重要性，充分利用在校时间为未来发展做准备。
备选项的中文意思：relaxed放松的；aware意识到的；develop发展；lonely孤独的；independent独立的。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
9．句意：我们也应当学会独立，为自己的行为负责。此处需要一个形容词，跟在be动词后作表语。后文提到"为自己的行为承担责任"，符合独立品格的特征，只有independent"独立的"符合语境逻辑。故选E。
10．句意：这样做之后，我们就能发展自身技能，在学业上取得更大的成功。情态动词can后要接动词原形，五个选项中只有develop是动词，且develop skills是固定搭配，意为"发展/培养技能"，符合"在学业上更成功"的逻辑。故选C。
11．句意：我们可能会因为沉重的压力感到孤独或是迷茫。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作系动词feel的表语。根据语境"heavy stress"（沉重的压力）和"lost"（迷失）可知，此处应填表示负面情绪的形容词。lonely"孤独的"符合语境，而relaxed"放松的"与压力语境矛盾。故选D。
12．句意：意识到身边事物的重要性，我们就能充分利用在校时光，为光明的未来做好准备。此处需要一个形容词，作being的表语。固定搭配be aware of，意为"意识到、认清"，符合语义"只有意识到身边事物的重要性，才能充分利用校园时间"。故选B。
【答案】13．C；14．A；15．E；16．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了手写相比打字对学习和认知的益处，包括激活大脑、体现个性、帮助专注等方面。
备选项的中文意思：A. creativity创造力 B. focus专注 C. put down写下 D. choose选择 E. personal个人的
【点评】考查选词填空。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。
13．句意：研究表明，当我们用笔或铅笔在纸上写下想法时，我们会激活大脑中有助于学习、记忆和思考的部分。根据"use a pen or pencil"以及备选词可知，此处需填入表示"写下"含义的动词短语，put down ideas为固定搭配"写下想法"，符合"手写"主题。故选C。
14．句意：手写让人们展示他们的创造力，无论是印刷体字母还是练习书法。根据their可知，此处需要名词，结合备选词， A. creativity 创造力，是名词，show their creativity"展示创造力"符合句意。故选A。
15．句意：没有两个人的笔迹相同，这使其成为每个人非常个人的表达方式——收到手写信件是很美好的。根据expression可知，前面需要形容词修饰，结合备选词，E. personal个人的，形容词，a very personal expression符合语义，且与后文"each individual"呼应。故选E。
16．句意：手写还能帮助人们专注。根据help sb do sth可知，此处需要动词，结合备选词 B. focus 专注，D. choose，选择，都是动词。结合后文的数字设备会分心，所以手写可以帮助专注，所以focus符合句意。故选B。
【答案】17．necessary；18．energetic；19．advertisements；20．interest；21．terribly；22．effective；23．especially；24．doubtful；25．hers
【知识点】说明文；社会问题
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕快时尚展开，先介绍年轻人追逐潮流、广告催生购衣需求的普遍现象，再点明快时尚对环境存在严重危害，最后提出二手、互换衣物这类环保穿搭方式，倡导绿色消费，传递保护环境的观点。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及形容词，名词，副词以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
17．句意：很多年轻人认为追时尚是迎合他人所必需的。need，需要，动词。此处结合句意需要一个形容词做表语，need的形容词形式可以用necessary，必需的。符合句意，故填necessary。
18．句意：他们想要看起来活力十足、时髦新潮。 energy精力，名词。 空处在句中位于系动词look之后做表语，且表示" 精力充沛的 "，energetic，形容词，符合语境。故填energetic。
19．句意：每天我们都能在手机上看到一些漂亮模特出现在广告里。advertise，做广告，动词。some后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词，advertise的名词是advertisement，可数名词，故填advertisements。
20．句意：这些广告激起人们购买新衣服的强烈兴趣。interesting，有趣的，形容词。空处在句中作宾语，所以使用其名词，interest，可数名词，空处被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填interest。
21．句意：然而，快时尚对环境会造成极大危害。terrible，糟糕的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词harmful，应用其副词形式。故填terribly。
22．句意：享受时尚更好的方式是购买二手衣物或与朋友交换衣服。effect，效果，名词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词way，且表示"有效的"，effective，形容词，符合语境。故填effective。
23．句意：这一点对青少年来说尤其真实，他们长得太快，衣服很快就穿不下了。especial，特别的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词true，应用其副词形式。故填especially。
24．句意：有些人对穿二手衣服心存疑虑，但实际上它也可以很时髦。doubt，怀疑，名词/动词。此处表示"对……感到怀疑"，feel doubtful about，固定短语，符合语境。故填doubtful。
25．句意：我经常把我的旧夹克给我妹妹，她也会把她的（衣服）分享给我。she，她，主格。此处指代her jackets，空后无名词，用名词性物主代词hers。故填hers。
【答案】26．isn't it；27．Are you saving money every week；28．What do you usually do with your pocket money；29．because I want to buy my favourite books；30．What a wonderful plan
【知识点】其他语篇类型；理财意识
【解析】【分析】本文是一段琳达和艾玛围绕存钱习惯、存钱方式及存钱目的展开的情景对话。
【点评】考查补全对话。补全对话旨在考查学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。在做题时，首先通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。分析人物关系与话题。分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。
26．根据前半句为肯定陈述句"Saving money is a good habit for the future"，附加疑问句遵循前肯后否规则，主语为动名词短语视作单数，用it指代，"isn't it"符合反义疑问句语法结构与对话语境。故答案为 isn't it 。
27．根据下文答句"Yes, I am!"可判断问句以"Are you"开头，结合后文每周从零花钱里存钱的内容，"Are you saving money now"契合一般疑问句句式与上下文问答逻辑。故答案为Are you saving money every week。
28．根据答句讲述零花钱的使用和存放方式，此处需针对零花钱用途提问，"What do you do with your pocket money"贴合问答匹配的对话逻辑。故答案为What do you usually do with your pocket money。
29．根据后文"Your favourite books"提示存钱目的是买喜欢的书，用"so that"引导目的状语从句，"so that I can buy my favourite books"符合目的状语从句用法与语境提示。故答案为because I want to buy my favourite books 。
30．此处需要用感叹句赞美对方的存钱计划，结合语境表达夸赞之意，"What a great plan it is"符合感叹句句式且贴合对话赞美语气。故答案为What a wonderful plan。
【答案】31．F；32．C；33．A；34．E；35．B
【知识点】说明文；人际关系与交往
【解析】【分析】本文列举了五个人在人际交往中存在的问题，并提供了七则建议，要求将问题与合适的建议进行匹配。
【点评】考查阅读理解（配对阅读）。配对阅读旨在考察学生的快速阅读、信息定位及理解对比能力。注意：在开始配对阅读之前，快速浏览全文，把握文章的大意和主题。这有助于考生对文章的整体结构有一个清晰的认识，为后续的信息定位和理解奠定基础。在阅读选项和文章时，注意寻找关键词或短语。这些关键词有助于考生快速定位到相关段落或句子，从而提高配对阅读的效率和准确性。分析文章的段落布局和逻辑结构，有助于考生更好地理解文章内容和信息分布。例如，注意段落的主题句、转折词和结论句等，这些都有助于把握文章的重点和脉络。
31．根据"Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him."可知，杰克总是陷入麻烦并向朋友求助，导致朋友厌烦他。选项F"试着自己解决问题。虽然朋友应该互相帮助，但没有人愿意一直被问题困扰。"符合杰克需要改变总是依赖朋友解决问题这一状况。故选F。
32．根据"Jane is impatient. She doesn't listen to her friends carefully."可知，简没有耐心，不认真听朋友说话。选项C"做一个好的倾听者。我们都希望人们对我们所说的话真正感兴趣。如果你不关心你的朋友，当他们说话时，他们会对你不满意"与之对应，针对简不认真倾听朋友的问题给出了建议。故选C。
33．根据"Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities."可知，李雷太害羞安静，很少和别人出去或参加活动。选项A"和别人出去，和他们交朋友。培养一些爱好，参加更多的活动"与之对应，符合李雷需要改变现状多出去社交的情况。 故选A。
34．根据"Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secrets between good friends."可知，凯特喜欢询问别人的隐私。选项E"不要试图询问别人的私事。每个人都有自己的秘密。你应该尊重你的朋友，不管你有多亲密"与之对应，针对凯特总问别人私事的问题给出了建议。 故选E。
35．根据"Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends."可知，朱莉很小气，从不和朋友分享糖果。选项B"与朋友分享。没有人愿意和自私的人交朋友"与之对应，符合朱莉需要学会分享这一情况。 故选B。
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．C
39．B
40．A
41．B
【知识点】应用文；航天事业发展；词义猜测；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章通过问答的形式，介绍了宇航员在国际空间站（ISS）的日常生活，包括他们的工作内容、运动量、身体变化以及睡眠情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题，代词指代题和文章大意题四种题型。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。根据上下文和语境，分析代词与潜在指代对象之间的逻辑关系，确定哪个名词最有可能是代词的指代对象，确保代词所指代的内容与原文中的描述在语义上保持一致。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据Q1的回答"They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth…Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it."可知，宇航员在空间站内玩游戏，而不是"在外面（outside）玩"。选项C"playing games outside"与原文不符。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据Q2的回答"British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in 2016 and set a Guinness World Record."可知，创下吉尼斯世界纪录的是Tim Peake。故选D。
38．代词指代题。根据Q3的回答中"...but their bodies get weak if they don't do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks!"可知，"this"指的是前一句提到的身体变虚弱这件事，即"making the body weak"。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据Q3的回答最后一句"The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot!"可知，为了减少太空活动对身体的伤害，宇航员需要进行大量的锻炼。故选B。
40．词义猜测题。根据Q4的回答可知，太空中每24小时有16次日出日落，光线频繁变化影响睡眠，因此宇航员"wear special blindfolds to keep from light"。"blindfolds"原意为"眼罩"，在此语境中指遮光的眼罩，用于阻挡光线以助眠。选项A"special tools to block sunlight"最贴近其功能。故选A。
41．文章大意题。通读全文可知，Lily Bailey回答的四个问题分别涉及了宇航员的日常工作、锻炼、身体变化和睡眠，这些都是关于在国际空间站上的生活介绍。故选B。
【答案】42．B；43．C；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．C；48．B；49．A；50．A；51．D
【知识点】教育类；说明文；科学技术；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人工智能在教育领域的应用及其与人类教师的关系，分析了AI的优势（个性化教学）和局限性（缺乏情感支持），最后指出AI与教师应形成合作关系。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。
42．句意：人工智能最终会取代人类教师吗？选项及其中文意思：A. help帮助；B. replace取代；C. teach 教；D. invite邀请。前文说AI正在改变学习方式，能批改作业、解释语法，这让人们产生担忧：AI是否会"取代"教师，replace符合对技术冲击职业的担忧语境。故选B。
43．句意：人工智能的支持者说技术使学习更加个性化。选项及其中文意思：A. 昂贵的；B. 慢的；C. personal个人的；D. difficult困难的。后文说AI能分析学生错误并提供"适合其水平"的练习，即因材施教，使学习更"个性化"，personal与fit his or her level呼应。故选C。
44．句意：但人工智能可以像私人教师一样照顾每一个人。选项及其中文意思：A. each每一个；B. none 没有一个；C. both两者都；D. 两者都不。前文说人类教师无法照顾40人中"每个人"的速度，对比AI能为"每个人"服务，each与a class of 40 students对应。故选A。
45．句意：机器可以告诉你犯了错，但当你准备放弃时，它无法给你鼓励的眼神。选项及其中文意思：A. anger愤怒；B. encouragement鼓励；C. fear恐惧；D. surprise惊讶。后文学生举例说老师拍肩说"你能做得更好"，即情感"鼓励"，encouragement与ready to give up形成对比。故选B。
46．句意：那种支持让一切变得不同。选项及其中文意思：A. machine机器；B. score分数；C. support 支持；D. lesson教训。前文说iPad只显示低分，但老师拍肩鼓励，这种"支持"才有意义，support与pat me on the shoulder and told me I could do better对应。故选C。
47．句意：如果学生整天只盯着屏幕，他们可能变得有知识但孤独。选项及其中文意思：A. books书；B. notes 记；C. 屏幕；D. windows 窗户。前文说使用tablets、AI apps，都是"屏幕"设备，screens与tablets、AI system呼应。故选C。
48．句意：如果学生整天只盯着屏幕，他们可能变得有知识但孤独。选项及其中文意思：A. books书；B. notes笔记；C. 屏幕；D. windows窗户。前文说使用tablets、AI apps，都是"屏幕"设备，screens与tablets、AI system呼应。故选C。
49．句意：这让教师有更多时间专注于他们最擅长的事：引导和激励学生。选项及其中文意思：A. guiding 引导；B. punishing惩罚；C. confusing使困惑；D. surprising使惊讶。教师的核心作用是"引导"和激励，guiding与inspiring并列，体现教师的正面角色。故选A。
50．句意：技术将提供工具，但人类将提供温暖。选项及其中文意思：A. tools工具；B. rules规则；C. money金钱；D. walls墙壁。AI作为技术提供的是"工具"，而人类提供情感温暖，tools与warmth形成工具与情感的对照。故选A。
51．句意：我们应该欢迎新技术，但绝不能忘记教育中人心的价值。选项及其中文意思：A. shape形状；B. 尺寸；C. cost成本；D. value价值。全文对比AI工具与人的情感支持，强调人心在教育中的"价值"，value与welcome new technology形成转折，突出人文不可替代。故选D。
【答案】52．They provide fresh water for drinking / farming / industry.
53．Yes, they have.
54．Untreated sewage, factory chemical waste and farm fertilizers & pesticides run into rivers.
55．Some chemicals in polluted water will make people sick.
56．Because local rivers are polluted and they can't get clean water nearby.
57．Governments make pollution laws; volunteers clean rivers; scientists test water; schools teach students river protection.
58．We can save water daily, stop throwing rubbish into rivers and choose green farm products to cut water pollution.
【知识点】说明文；环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了河流作为重要自然资源的功能、遭受污染的原因以及人们为保护河流所采取的行动。
【点评】 考查阅读表达。阅读表达题型要求考生在阅读理解的基础上，准确地捕捉信息、分析细节，并最终用恰当的语言形式进行表达。注意：快速浏览全文，把握文章的大意和主旨。这有助于考生对文章的整体内容有一个初步的了解，为后续的细节阅读和表达打下基础。在快速浏览的基础上，仔细研读与题目相关的段落或句子，寻找与题目要求相符的细节信息。注意提取关键信息，作为答题的证据或依据。在阅读过程中，注意关键词汇的识别与理解。这些关键词汇往往与题目要求密切相关，能够帮助考生快速定位相关信息。同时，也要注意词汇的多种含义和用法，避免理解偏差。
52．根据第一段"They provide fresh water for drinking, farming and industry."可知，河流为人类提供饮用、农业和工业用水，这是文中提到的河流主要用途之一。故答案为 They provide fresh water for
drinking / farming / industry.
53．根据第一段"For thousands of years, humans have lived near rivers"可知，人类几千年来一直生活在河边，这是不争的事实，回答应为肯定"Yes, they have."。故答案为Yes, they have.
54．根据第二段"Waste from cities, factories and farms flows into the water and harms fish, birds and other wildlife."可知，来自城市、工厂和农场的废物流入水中，导致河流污染。故答案为Untreated sewage, factory chemical waste and farm fertilizers & pesticides run into rivers.
55．根据第二段"Some chemicals in the water can make people sick if they drink it."可知，水中的化学物质会使饮用者生病，这是污染对人类的一个直接影响。故答案为 Some chemicals in polluted water will make people sick.
56．根据第二段"In some parts of the world, people have to travel long distances just to find clean water."可知，人们长途跋涉的目的是为了找到干净的水。故答案为 Because local rivers are polluted and they can't get clean water nearby.
57．根据第三段"Many countries have passed laws... Volunteers organize river clean-up events... Scientists study water quality... Schools teach students..."可知，人们通过立法、组织清理活动、研究水质和开展环保教育等多种方式来保护河流。故答案 Governments make pollution laws; volunteers clean rivers; scientists test water; schools teach students river protection.
58．根据主题句"Everyone can help protect rivers."，续写部分应围绕普通人如何参与河流保护展开。结合前文提到的污染来源（垃圾、废水等），可以从减少垃圾、节约用水等日常行为入手，并点明这些小事的意思。故答案为：We can save water daily, stop throwing rubbish into rivers and choose green farm products to cut water pollution.
59．【答案】One possible version:
Memories with friends
I still keep in mind the warm moment between my best friend and me. Last term I failed an important exam and felt extremely upset. I hid myself alone after class. My friend found me and sat beside me quietly. Instead of saying much, he shared his own failure experience and encouraged me not to give up. He helped me go over weak knowledge points every afternoon after school. With his help, I made great progress in the next test. True friendship means standing by each other through hard times, and I will treasure this precious memory forever.
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文；人际关系与交往；同伴间交往的品质
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇命题作文写作，要求考生写一篇主题为"Memories with friends"的英语短文并向学校英文网站投稿。写作背景：考生就读学校的英文网站正在举办主题为"Memories with friends"的征文活动。内容包括：1.阐述写作主题；2. 叙述展现友情的具体瞬间；3. 阐述对友谊的感悟和珍视。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时和一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数不少于60个词。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 亮点词汇：stand by each other互相支持/不离不弃；keep in mind记住；sit
beside坐在......旁边；instead of相反；encourage sb not to do sth鼓励某人不要做某事；give up放弃；go over复习；make great progress取得了巨大的进步。2. 高分句子：True friendship means standing by each other through hard times, and I will treasure this precious memory forever.（运用了and连接的并列句）。
1 / 1上海市浦东新区2025学年八年级第二学期期末质量检测英语试卷
语法选择
Recently, our psychology teacher gave us a special task. It was to film a psychodrama (心理剧). A psychodrama is a play that tries to help students 1． their problems. It helps students become 2． people than before.
People use role-playing to deal with real-life difficulties. Psychodramas are popular at our school because the plays 3． by students. Students write plays about anything, from problems with studies 4． problems with friends.
My group's topic was friendship. I played a boy who had problems with the members of a dance group, 5． he finally saved their friendship after taking the advice of his classmates. My classmate Zhang Ming said, "After filming this psychodrama, I learned 6． communication is the key to good relationships, and I started to use this in real life."
Some groups looked at other problems. For example, one story was about a girl who didn't do well in a test. Her parents might shout at her 7． , so she was afraid 8． her parents about the test. However, her teacher helped her by giving her advice on how to study and communicate with her parents. Psychodramas really help us grow.
1．A．solve B．solved C．solving
2．A．good B．better C．the best
3．A．write B．are writing C．are written
4．A．to B．at C．for
5．A．so B．but C．or
6．A．that B．whether C．what
7．A．angry B．angrily C．anger
8．A．tell B．to tell C．telling
【答案】1．A；2．B；3．C；4．A；5．B；6．A；7．B；8．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇记叙文。文章讲述了心理学老师布置拍摄心理剧的特殊任务，通过角色扮演帮助学生解决实际问题，并从中学会沟通与成长。
【点评】考查语法选择。语法选择题是检验考生语法掌握情况的重要方式。注意：仔细阅读题目，确保完全理解问题的含义和要求。注意使用限定词，这些词往往提供了关于答案的重要信息。了解上下文语境，这对于理解句子结构和词汇使用至关重要。对于常见的语法规则，如时态、语态、主谓一致等，要有清晰的认识。题干中往往带有对解题起着关键作用的词语，迅速找准这些词语。结合各选项的意义和特点，迅速缩小选择范围。注意句子的结构，特别是主句、从句、修饰语等部分。仔细分析句子的构造，避免被复杂的句子结构所迷惑。
1．句意：心理剧是一种试图帮助学生解决他们问题的戏剧。solve 解决，动词原形；solved 过去式/过去分词；solving 现在分词/动名词。根据语法规则，help sb. (to) do sth.为固定结构，意为"帮助某人做某事"，其中不定式符号to可以省略，因此此处需用动词原形solve作宾语补足语。故选A。
2．句意：它帮助学生成为比以前更好的人。good 好的，原级；better 更好的，比较级；the best 最好的，最高级。根据语法规则，句中出现比较连词than"比"，为比较级的典型标志词，因此形容词good需变为比较级better。故选B。
3．句意：心理剧在我们学校很受欢迎，因为这些剧本由学生编写。write 写，主动语态原形；are writing 现在进行时主动语态；are written 一般现在时被动语态。根据语法规则，主语the plays"剧本"与动词write"写"之间为被动关系（剧本是被学生写的），且此处陈述客观事实，应用一般现在时的被动语态，其结构为"am/is/are + 过去分词"，主语为复数，故用are written。故选C。
4．句意：学生写关于任何事的剧本，从学习问题到朋友问题。to 到；at 在；for 为了。from...to...为固定搭配，意为"从……到……"，用于表示范围或区间，from problems with studies to problems with friends构成完整的范围表达。故选A。
5．句意：我扮演一个与舞蹈队成员有矛盾的男孩，但在听取同学建议后，他最终挽救了他们的友谊。so 所以，表结果；but 但是，表转折；or 或者，表选择。前半句"had problems with the members"（与成员有矛盾）与后半句"finally saved their friendship"（最终挽救友谊）之间存在语义上的转折关系，因此需用转折连词but连接两个分句。故选B。
6．句意：拍完这部心理剧后，我了解到沟通是良好关系的关键，并且我开始在现实生活中运用这一点。that 引导宾语从句，无实义；whether 是否；what 什么。learned后为宾语从句，从句"communication is the key to good relationships"结构完整，不缺少主语、宾语或表语等成分，且语义明确无疑问，因此用that引导宾语从句，that在从句中不充当任何成分，仅起连接作用（口语中常可省略）。故选A。
7．句意：她的父母可能会生气地对她大喊大叫，所以她不敢告诉父母考试的事。angry 生气的，形容词；angrily 生气地，副词；anger 生气，名词。此处修饰动词短语shout at her"对她大喊大叫"，需用副词作状语说明动作的方式，形容词angry修饰名词，名词anger作主语或宾语，均不能修饰动词，故用副词angrily。故选B。
8．句意：所以她害怕告诉父母关于考试的事。tell 告诉，动词原形；to tell 不定式；telling 动名词/现在分词。be afraid to do sth.为固定搭配，意为"害怕做某事"，强调因恐惧而不敢去做某事；be afraid of doing sth.则侧重于担心某事会发生。此处指女孩因害怕父母生气而不敢去告诉，强调不敢去做，故用be afraid to tell。故选B。
选词填空
A. relaxed B. aware C. develop D. lonely E. independent
In school, the learning environment and people around us are of great importance. We should also learn to be 　9． 　 and take responsibility for our own actions. By doing so, we can 　10． 　 our skills and become more successful in our studies. We may feel 　11． 　 or lost with the heavy stress. But we shouldn't let these feelings stop us from achieving our goals. Instead, we can ask our teachers or classmates for help and work together to face challenges. School life is full of chances for growth and learning. By being 　12． 　 of the importance of things around us, we can make the most of our time in school and prepare ourselves for a bright future.
【答案】9．E；10．C；11．D；12．B
【知识点】议论文；学校生活
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文，文章围绕校园学习生活展开，强调校园学习环境与周遭人际关系的重要性，引导学生要学会独立，为自身行为负责，主动发展个人能力，正确应对学业压力带来的负面情绪，主动求助，认清校园成长的重要性，充分利用在校时间为未来发展做准备。
备选项的中文意思：relaxed放松的；aware意识到的；develop发展；lonely孤独的；independent独立的。
【点评】考查选词填空。考查词汇在篇章中的运用能力，注意答题时要首先跳过空格通读文章掌握其大意，然后细读文章字斟句酌逐一作答，注意考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍检查验证。
9．句意：我们也应当学会独立，为自己的行为负责。此处需要一个形容词，跟在be动词后作表语。后文提到"为自己的行为承担责任"，符合独立品格的特征，只有independent"独立的"符合语境逻辑。故选E。
10．句意：这样做之后，我们就能发展自身技能，在学业上取得更大的成功。情态动词can后要接动词原形，五个选项中只有develop是动词，且develop skills是固定搭配，意为"发展/培养技能"，符合"在学业上更成功"的逻辑。故选C。
11．句意：我们可能会因为沉重的压力感到孤独或是迷茫。此处需要一个形容词，在句中作系动词feel的表语。根据语境"heavy stress"（沉重的压力）和"lost"（迷失）可知，此处应填表示负面情绪的形容词。lonely"孤独的"符合语境，而relaxed"放松的"与压力语境矛盾。故选D。
12．句意：意识到身边事物的重要性，我们就能充分利用在校时光，为光明的未来做好准备。此处需要一个形容词，作being的表语。固定搭配be aware of，意为"意识到、认清"，符合语义"只有意识到身边事物的重要性，才能充分利用校园时间"。故选B。
选词填空
A. creativity B. focus C. put down D. choose E. personal
Writing by hand may take longer than typing, but it seems to improve learning. Research shows that when we use a pen or pencil to 　13． 　 ideas on paper, we activate parts of the brain that help us learn, remember and think. Writing by hand let people show their 　14． 　, whether they are printing letters or practicing calligraphy. No two people have the same handwriting, which makes it a very 　15． 　 expression of each individual — it's lovely to receive a handwritten letter. Writing by hand can also help people 　16． 　. It's easy to get lost when you are using a digital device like a phone or a laptop, which also offers easy access to the internet games and apps.
【答案】13．C；14．A；15．E；16．B
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，文章主要讲述了手写相比打字对学习和认知的益处，包括激活大脑、体现个性、帮助专注等方面。
备选项的中文意思：A. creativity创造力 B. focus专注 C. put down写下 D. choose选择 E. personal个人的
【点评】考查选词填空。明确考点，选词填空主要考察名词、动词、形容词和副词四种词性的单词。仔细分析，选择最佳答案根据语法关系判断，结合句子的语法结构和上下文，判断所需词的词性，并选择正确的形式。
13．句意：研究表明，当我们用笔或铅笔在纸上写下想法时，我们会激活大脑中有助于学习、记忆和思考的部分。根据"use a pen or pencil"以及备选词可知，此处需填入表示"写下"含义的动词短语，put down ideas为固定搭配"写下想法"，符合"手写"主题。故选C。
14．句意：手写让人们展示他们的创造力，无论是印刷体字母还是练习书法。根据their可知，此处需要名词，结合备选词， A. creativity 创造力，是名词，show their creativity"展示创造力"符合句意。故选A。
15．句意：没有两个人的笔迹相同，这使其成为每个人非常个人的表达方式——收到手写信件是很美好的。根据expression可知，前面需要形容词修饰，结合备选词，E. personal个人的，形容词，a very personal expression符合语义，且与后文"each individual"呼应。故选E。
16．句意：手写还能帮助人们专注。根据help sb do sth可知，此处需要动词，结合备选词 B. focus 专注，D. choose，选择，都是动词。结合后文的数字设备会分心，所以手写可以帮助专注，所以focus符合句意。故选B。
Complete the passage with the given words in their proper forms.（用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。每空格限填一词）
Many young people believe that following fashion is 　17． 　 (need) to fit in. They want to look 　18． 　 (energy) and modern. Every day, we see beautiful models in some 　19． 　 (advertise) on our phones. These ads create a strong 　20． 　 (interesting) in buying new clothes. However, fast fashion can be 　21． 　 (terrible) harmful to the environment. Clothes are made cheaply and thrown away quickly. A much more 　22． 　 (effect) way to enjoy fashion is to buy second-hand or exchange clothes with friends. This is 　23． 　 (especial) true for teenagers, who grow out of clothes so fast. Some people feel 　24． 　 (doubt) about wearing used clothes, but in fact, it can be very stylish. I often share my old jacket with my sister and she also shares 　25． 　 (she) with me. We both save money and help the planet.
【答案】17．necessary；18．energetic；19．advertisements；20．interest；21．terribly；22．effective；23．especially；24．doubtful；25．hers
【知识点】说明文；社会问题
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文。文章围绕快时尚展开，先介绍年轻人追逐潮流、广告催生购衣需求的普遍现象，再点明快时尚对环境存在严重危害，最后提出二手、互换衣物这类环保穿搭方式，倡导绿色消费，传递保护环境的观点。
【点评】考查语法填空。本题考点涉及形容词，名词，副词以及代词等多个知识点的考查。要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
17．句意：很多年轻人认为追时尚是迎合他人所必需的。need，需要，动词。此处结合句意需要一个形容词做表语，need的形容词形式可以用necessary，必需的。符合句意，故填necessary。
18．句意：他们想要看起来活力十足、时髦新潮。 energy精力，名词。 空处在句中位于系动词look之后做表语，且表示" 精力充沛的 "，energetic，形容词，符合语境。故填energetic。
19．句意：每天我们都能在手机上看到一些漂亮模特出现在广告里。advertise，做广告，动词。some后接可数名词复数或者不可数名词，advertise的名词是advertisement，可数名词，故填advertisements。
20．句意：这些广告激起人们购买新衣服的强烈兴趣。interesting，有趣的，形容词。空处在句中作宾语，所以使用其名词，interest，可数名词，空处被a修饰，应用其单数形式。故填interest。
21．句意：然而，快时尚对环境会造成极大危害。terrible，糟糕的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词harmful，应用其副词形式。故填terribly。
22．句意：享受时尚更好的方式是购买二手衣物或与朋友交换衣服。effect，效果，名词。空处在句中做前置定语修饰名词way，且表示"有效的"，effective，形容词，符合语境。故填effective。
23．句意：这一点对青少年来说尤其真实，他们长得太快，衣服很快就穿不下了。especial，特别的，形容词。空处在句中作状语修饰形容词true，应用其副词形式。故填especially。
24．句意：有些人对穿二手衣服心存疑虑，但实际上它也可以很时髦。doubt，怀疑，名词/动词。此处表示"对……感到怀疑"，feel doubtful about，固定短语，符合语境。故填doubtful。
25．句意：我经常把我的旧夹克给我妹妹，她也会把她的（衣服）分享给我。she，她，主格。此处指代her jackets，空后无名词，用名词性物主代词hers。故填hers。
补全对话
Situation: Linda and Emma are having a conversation about saving money
Linda: Hi Emma! Saving money is a good habit for the future, 　26． 　 (附加疑问句)
Emma: Of course it is! Many students learn to manage their pocket money.
Linda: That's right. 　27． 　 (用一般疑问句提问)
Emma: Yes, I am! I am now trying to save some money from my pocket money every week.
Linda: Wow, that's great! 　28． 　 (针对用零花钱做什么提问)
Emma: I usually put most of it in my piggy bank, and only spend a little on snacks.
Linda: That's really wise. Why do you keep saving so much
Emma: I save money 　29． 　. (补全目的状语从句) This is my plan for now.
Linda: Oh! Your favourite books! I know you've wanted the books for a long time! 　30． 　! (感叹句，表达对计划的赞美) I should learn from you.
Emma: Thanks. Managing money in the right way can help us make better use of our money in the future.
Linda: I totally agree with you.
【答案】26．isn't it；27．Are you saving money every week；28．What do you usually do with your pocket money；29．because I want to buy my favourite books；30．What a wonderful plan
【知识点】其他语篇类型；理财意识
【解析】【分析】本文是一段琳达和艾玛围绕存钱习惯、存钱方式及存钱目的展开的情景对话。
【点评】考查补全对话。补全对话旨在考查学生的语言理解、逻辑推理和表达能力。在做题时，首先通读全文把握大意。在开始补全对话之前，首先要通读全文，了解对话的整体内容、语境和背景信息。分析人物关系与话题。分析对话中的人物关系和话题是解题的关键步骤。通过识别对话中的角色及其互动方式，可以理解他们之间的关系和地位，进而推断出可能的对话内容和表达方式。
26．根据前半句为肯定陈述句"Saving money is a good habit for the future"，附加疑问句遵循前肯后否规则，主语为动名词短语视作单数，用it指代，"isn't it"符合反义疑问句语法结构与对话语境。故答案为 isn't it 。
27．根据下文答句"Yes, I am!"可判断问句以"Are you"开头，结合后文每周从零花钱里存钱的内容，"Are you saving money now"契合一般疑问句句式与上下文问答逻辑。故答案为Are you saving money every week。
28．根据答句讲述零花钱的使用和存放方式，此处需针对零花钱用途提问，"What do you do with your pocket money"贴合问答匹配的对话逻辑。故答案为What do you usually do with your pocket money。
29．根据后文"Your favourite books"提示存钱目的是买喜欢的书，用"so that"引导目的状语从句，"so that I can buy my favourite books"符合目的状语从句用法与语境提示。故答案为because I want to buy my favourite books 。
30．此处需要用感叹句赞美对方的存钱计划，结合语境表达夸赞之意，"What a great plan it is"符合感叹句句式且贴合对话赞美语气。故答案为What a wonderful plan。
配对阅读。下面是五个人的问题和七则不同的建议，请将问题和建议进行匹配。
　31． 　 Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him. 　32． 　 Jane is impatient. She doesn't listen to her friends carefully. 　33． 　 Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities. 　34． 　 Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secrets between good friends. 　35． 　 Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends. A. Go out with people and make friends with them. Develop some hobbies and join in more activities. B. Share things with your friends. No one wants to make friends with selfish (自私的) people. C. Be a good listener. All of us hope people are really interested in what we are saying. If you don't care about your friends while they are talking, they will be unhappy with you. D. Be friendly to others. Everyone enjoys making friends with a kind person. E. Never try to ask about others' private things. Everyone has their own secrets. You should respect your friends no matter how close you are. F. Try to solve the problems by yourself. Although friends should help each other, no one wants to be troubled by problems all the time. G. Helping others means helping yourself. If you never help others in need, of course you won't get help from them.
【答案】31．F；32．C；33．A；34．E；35．B
【知识点】说明文；人际关系与交往
【解析】【分析】本文列举了五个人在人际交往中存在的问题，并提供了七则建议，要求将问题与合适的建议进行匹配。
【点评】考查阅读理解（配对阅读）。配对阅读旨在考察学生的快速阅读、信息定位及理解对比能力。注意：在开始配对阅读之前，快速浏览全文，把握文章的大意和主题。这有助于考生对文章的整体结构有一个清晰的认识，为后续的信息定位和理解奠定基础。在阅读选项和文章时，注意寻找关键词或短语。这些关键词有助于考生快速定位到相关段落或句子，从而提高配对阅读的效率和准确性。分析文章的段落布局和逻辑结构，有助于考生更好地理解文章内容和信息分布。例如，注意段落的主题句、转折词和结论句等，这些都有助于把握文章的重点和脉络。
31．根据"Jack always gets into trouble and asks his friends for help. Soon his friends are all tired of him."可知，杰克总是陷入麻烦并向朋友求助，导致朋友厌烦他。选项F"试着自己解决问题。虽然朋友应该互相帮助，但没有人愿意一直被问题困扰。"符合杰克需要改变总是依赖朋友解决问题这一状况。故选F。
32．根据"Jane is impatient. She doesn't listen to her friends carefully."可知，简没有耐心，不认真听朋友说话。选项C"做一个好的倾听者。我们都希望人们对我们所说的话真正感兴趣。如果你不关心你的朋友，当他们说话时，他们会对你不满意"与之对应，针对简不认真倾听朋友的问题给出了建议。故选C。
33．根据"Li Lei is too shy and quiet. He seldom goes out with others or takes part in any activities."可知，李雷太害羞安静，很少和别人出去或参加活动。选项A"和别人出去，和他们交朋友。培养一些爱好，参加更多的活动"与之对应，符合李雷需要改变现状多出去社交的情况。 故选A。
34．根据"Kate likes to ask others about their personal things. She thinks there should be no secrets between good friends."可知，凯特喜欢询问别人的隐私。选项E"不要试图询问别人的私事。每个人都有自己的秘密。你应该尊重你的朋友，不管你有多亲密"与之对应，针对凯特总问别人私事的问题给出了建议。 故选E。
35．根据"Julie is very mean (小气的). She likes candy, but she never gives it to her friends."可知，朱莉很小气，从不和朋友分享糖果。选项B"与朋友分享。没有人愿意和自私的人交朋友"与之对应，符合朱莉需要学会分享这一情况。 故选B。
阅读理解
JUST ASK
How many movies have you seen about space It looks fun, right But is it A lot of readers ask questions about the International Space Station (ISS 国际空间站). Today, we've answered four of the best ones.
Editor: Lily Bailey
Q1: What do astronauts do on the International Space Station every day
Answer: They do a lot! They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth. But too much work isn't good for anyone and we all need a little fun! Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it. If they get stressed, they relax by enjoying the views of our beautiful planet from space.
Q2: How much exercise do astronauts do
Answer: Well, quite a lot. Take the astronaut Koichi Wakata for example. He lived on the ISS for188 days and worked out for at least two hours every day. Some astronauts go jogging! Alan Shepard played moon golf in space. British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in2016 and set a Guinness World Record.
Q3: Does the body change in space
Answer: Yes, it does. Everything in space floats. Imagine sneezing (打喷嚏) in space! This means it's easy to lift things. Astronauts train a lot on Earth, but their bodies get weak if they don't do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks! These are only a few examples of the problems astronauts can have. Their muscles and hearts lose strength and their bones get weaker. Sometimes, when they get back to Earth, they're not strong enough to walk! The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot!
Q4: When and how do astronauts sleep
Answer: Good question. We all need to get enough sleep, but in space, with 16 sunrises and 16 sunsets every 24 hours, that's not easy. Too many changes from day to night make it difficult to know when to sleep. So astronauts have very strict routines and wear special blindfolds to keep from light.
36．Astronauts do a lot of work on the ISS except ____.
A．going on space walks B．repairing equipment
C．playing games outside D．conducting experiments
37．____ set a Guinness World Record for marathon in space.
A．Lily Bailey B．Koichi Wakata
C．Alan Shepard D．Tim Peake
38．The underlined word "this" in the third answer refers to ____.
A．doing enough exercise B．sneezing in space
C．making the body weak D．training on Earth
39．To reduce the harm of space activities on the body, astronauts should ____.
A．lift things often
B．do a lot of exercise in space
C．sneeze carefully
D．avoid lifting heavy things
40．The underlined word "blindfolds" means ____ in the passage.
A．special tools to block sunlight
B．soft clothes to keep warm
C．glasses to help see clearly
D．headphones to listen to sound
41．Lily Bailey answered the four questions to ____.
A．explain how the ISS was built
B．introduce the life on the ISS
C．describe the history of space exploration
D．list the countries that built the ISS
【答案】36．C
37．D
38．C
39．B
40．A
41．B
【知识点】应用文；航天事业发展；词义猜测；代词指代；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文。文章通过问答的形式，介绍了宇航员在国际空间站（ISS）的日常生活，包括他们的工作内容、运动量、身体变化以及睡眠情况。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本篇文章涉及细节理解题，词义猜测题，代词指代题和文章大意题四种题型。做细节理解题时，要根据题干中的关键词，找准相关句、段的内容，再仔细对照，不符合原文意义的选项要首先排除，反之，则是正确选项。 利用定义或解释性的线索。阅读文章中的有些生词往往在其后会有对该词进行解释说明的短语或句子，利用它们猜词义较容易 利用文章的逻辑关系答题。如并列、对比、因果、转折关系等。根据上下文和语境，分析代词与潜在指代对象之间的逻辑关系，确定哪个名词最有可能是代词的指代对象，确保代词所指代的内容与原文中的描述在语义上保持一致。做主旨大意题时，要求考生抓住每段或每个层次的主要含义进行加工、提炼，通过对语篇结构的分析即对文章内部各层次间的逻辑关系的分析，将每段的主题综合起来，找出文章的中心。
36．细节理解题。根据Q1的回答"They go on space walks, repair things, do experiments and communicate with Earth…Astronauts play games, watch movies and listen to music on it."可知，宇航员在空间站内玩游戏，而不是"在外面（outside）玩"。选项C"playing games outside"与原文不符。故选C。
37．细节理解题。根据Q2的回答"British astronaut Tim Peake even ran a marathon in space in 2016 and set a Guinness World Record."可知，创下吉尼斯世界纪录的是Tim Peake。故选D。
38．代词指代题。根据Q3的回答中"...but their bodies get weak if they don't do enough exercise. And this can happen in just a few weeks!"可知，"this"指的是前一句提到的身体变虚弱这件事，即"making the body weak"。故选C。
39．细节理解题。根据Q3的回答最后一句"The answer is exercise and not just a little exercise but a lot!"可知，为了减少太空活动对身体的伤害，宇航员需要进行大量的锻炼。故选B。
40．词义猜测题。根据Q4的回答可知，太空中每24小时有16次日出日落，光线频繁变化影响睡眠，因此宇航员"wear special blindfolds to keep from light"。"blindfolds"原意为"眼罩"，在此语境中指遮光的眼罩，用于阻挡光线以助眠。选项A"special tools to block sunlight"最贴近其功能。故选A。
41．文章大意题。通读全文可知，Lily Bailey回答的四个问题分别涉及了宇航员的日常工作、锻炼、身体变化和睡眠，这些都是关于在国际空间站上的生活介绍。故选B。
完形填空
Walk into a modern classroom in Shanghai, and you might see students using tablets (平板电脑) to learn. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is changing the way we study. Some apps can now correct homework and even explain grammar rules. This makes some people wonder: Will AI eventually 42． human teachers
Supporters of AI say that technology makes learning more 43． . An AI system can analyze a student's mistakes and provide exercises that fit his or her level perfectly. "In a class of 40 students, a human teacher cannot take care of everyone's speed," says an expert. But AI can act like a private teacher for 44． .
However, there is another side to the story. Education is not just about passing on knowledge; it is also about emotional (情感的) connection. A machine can tell you that you made a mistake, but it cannot give you a look of 45． when you are ready to give up. "I remember when I failed my math exam," shares a Grade 8 student. "My iPad just showed me a low score. But my teacher pat me on the shoulder and told me I could do better. That 46． made all the difference."
Moreover, school is a place to learn social skills. Discussion, debate, and teamwork require human interaction. If students only stare at 47． all day, they might become knowledgeable but lonely.
Therefore, the relationship between AI and teachers should not be a competition. Instead, it should be a 48． . AI can handle the repetitive work, such as checking spelling or calculating scores. This leaves teachers with more time to focus on what they do best: 49． and inspiring students.
In the future, the best classrooms will likely be "hybrid (混合的)". Technology will provide the 50． , but humans will provide the warmth. We should welcome new technology, but we must never forget the 51． of a human heart in education.
42．A．help B．replace C．teach D．invite
43．A．expensive B．slow C．personal D．difficult
44．A．each B．none C．both D．neither
45．A．anger B．encouragement C．fear D．surprise
46．A．machine B．score C．support D．lesson
47．A．books B．notes C．screens D．windows
48．A．war B．partnership C．joke D．secret
49．A．guiding B．punishing C．confusing D．surprising
50．A．tools B．rules C．money D．walls
51．A．shape B．size C．cost D．value
【答案】42．B；43．C；44．A；45．B；46．C；47．C；48．B；49．A；50．A；51．D
【知识点】教育类；说明文；科学技术；人工智能（AI）
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。文章讨论了人工智能在教育领域的应用及其与人类教师的关系，分析了AI的优势（个性化教学）和局限性（缺乏情感支持），最后指出AI与教师应形成合作关系。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先要通读一遍文章，跳过缺失的单词，再根据上下文来判断所缺失的单词的含义，最后对选项进行对比分析，选出正确选项。完形填空旨在测试学生的语言综合运用能力。
42．句意：人工智能最终会取代人类教师吗？选项及其中文意思：A. help帮助；B. replace取代；C. teach 教；D. invite邀请。前文说AI正在改变学习方式，能批改作业、解释语法，这让人们产生担忧：AI是否会"取代"教师，replace符合对技术冲击职业的担忧语境。故选B。
43．句意：人工智能的支持者说技术使学习更加个性化。选项及其中文意思：A. 昂贵的；B. 慢的；C. personal个人的；D. difficult困难的。后文说AI能分析学生错误并提供"适合其水平"的练习，即因材施教，使学习更"个性化"，personal与fit his or her level呼应。故选C。
44．句意：但人工智能可以像私人教师一样照顾每一个人。选项及其中文意思：A. each每一个；B. none 没有一个；C. both两者都；D. 两者都不。前文说人类教师无法照顾40人中"每个人"的速度，对比AI能为"每个人"服务，each与a class of 40 students对应。故选A。
45．句意：机器可以告诉你犯了错，但当你准备放弃时，它无法给你鼓励的眼神。选项及其中文意思：A. anger愤怒；B. encouragement鼓励；C. fear恐惧；D. surprise惊讶。后文学生举例说老师拍肩说"你能做得更好"，即情感"鼓励"，encouragement与ready to give up形成对比。故选B。
46．句意：那种支持让一切变得不同。选项及其中文意思：A. machine机器；B. score分数；C. support 支持；D. lesson教训。前文说iPad只显示低分，但老师拍肩鼓励，这种"支持"才有意义，support与pat me on the shoulder and told me I could do better对应。故选C。
47．句意：如果学生整天只盯着屏幕，他们可能变得有知识但孤独。选项及其中文意思：A. books书；B. notes 记；C. 屏幕；D. windows 窗户。前文说使用tablets、AI apps，都是"屏幕"设备，screens与tablets、AI system呼应。故选C。
48．句意：如果学生整天只盯着屏幕，他们可能变得有知识但孤独。选项及其中文意思：A. books书；B. notes笔记；C. 屏幕；D. windows窗户。前文说使用tablets、AI apps，都是"屏幕"设备，screens与tablets、AI system呼应。故选C。
49．句意：这让教师有更多时间专注于他们最擅长的事：引导和激励学生。选项及其中文意思：A. guiding 引导；B. punishing惩罚；C. confusing使困惑；D. surprising使惊讶。教师的核心作用是"引导"和激励，guiding与inspiring并列，体现教师的正面角色。故选A。
50．句意：技术将提供工具，但人类将提供温暖。选项及其中文意思：A. tools工具；B. rules规则；C. money金钱；D. walls墙壁。AI作为技术提供的是"工具"，而人类提供情感温暖，tools与warmth形成工具与情感的对照。故选A。
51．句意：我们应该欢迎新技术，但绝不能忘记教育中人心的价值。选项及其中文意思：A. shape形状；B. 尺寸；C. cost成本；D. value价值。全文对比AI工具与人的情感支持，强调人心在教育中的"价值"，value与welcome new technology形成转折，突出人文不可替代。故选D。
阅读理解问答
Rivers are one of the most important natural resources on Earth. They provide fresh water for drinking, farming and industry. Rivers also support many kinds of plants and animals. For thousands of years, humans have lived near rivers and used their water to grow food and raise animals.
However, in the past century, many rivers have become polluted. Waste from cities, factories and farms flows into the water and harms fish, birds and other wildlife. Some chemicals in the water can make people sick if they drink it. In some parts of the world, people have to travel long distances just to find clean water. There are many reasons why rivers become polluted. One major cause is untreated sewage from towns and cities. Another cause is chemical waste from factories. Farmers also contribute to water pollution when fertilizers and pesticides are washed into rivers after rain.
Fortunately, people have begun to take action to protect rivers. Many countries have passed laws that limit the amount of pollution that can be dumped into water. Volunteers organise river clean-up events to remove trash, and scientists study water quality to find pollution sources. Schools teach students about the importance of clean water and how to reduce pollution in daily life.
Everyone can help protect rivers. ▲.
Task 1: Answer the questions.
52．What is one main use of rivers mentioned in the passage
53．Humans haven't lived near rivers for thousands of years, have they
54．According to the passage, why have many rivers become polluted
55．What is one effect of river pollution on people
56．Why do people have to travel long distances in some parts of the world
57．How are people trying to protect rivers
58．Task 2:
Complete the last paragraph according to the topic sentence in about 30 words.
Everyone can help protect rivers.
【答案】52．They provide fresh water for drinking / farming / industry.
53．Yes, they have.
54．Untreated sewage, factory chemical waste and farm fertilizers & pesticides run into rivers.
55．Some chemicals in polluted water will make people sick.
56．Because local rivers are polluted and they can't get clean water nearby.
57．Governments make pollution laws; volunteers clean rivers; scientists test water; schools teach students river protection.
58．We can save water daily, stop throwing rubbish into rivers and choose green farm products to cut water pollution.
【知识点】说明文；环境污染问题；环保意识与环保行为
【解析】【分析】 本文是一篇说明文，文章主要介绍了河流作为重要自然资源的功能、遭受污染的原因以及人们为保护河流所采取的行动。
【点评】 考查阅读表达。阅读表达题型要求考生在阅读理解的基础上，准确地捕捉信息、分析细节，并最终用恰当的语言形式进行表达。注意：快速浏览全文，把握文章的大意和主旨。这有助于考生对文章的整体内容有一个初步的了解，为后续的细节阅读和表达打下基础。在快速浏览的基础上，仔细研读与题目相关的段落或句子，寻找与题目要求相符的细节信息。注意提取关键信息，作为答题的证据或依据。在阅读过程中，注意关键词汇的识别与理解。这些关键词汇往往与题目要求密切相关，能够帮助考生快速定位相关信息。同时，也要注意词汇的多种含义和用法，避免理解偏差。
52．根据第一段"They provide fresh water for drinking, farming and industry."可知，河流为人类提供饮用、农业和工业用水，这是文中提到的河流主要用途之一。故答案为 They provide fresh water for
drinking / farming / industry.
53．根据第一段"For thousands of years, humans have lived near rivers"可知，人类几千年来一直生活在河边，这是不争的事实，回答应为肯定"Yes, they have."。故答案为Yes, they have.
54．根据第二段"Waste from cities, factories and farms flows into the water and harms fish, birds and other wildlife."可知，来自城市、工厂和农场的废物流入水中，导致河流污染。故答案为Untreated sewage, factory chemical waste and farm fertilizers & pesticides run into rivers.
55．根据第二段"Some chemicals in the water can make people sick if they drink it."可知，水中的化学物质会使饮用者生病，这是污染对人类的一个直接影响。故答案为 Some chemicals in polluted water will make people sick.
56．根据第二段"In some parts of the world, people have to travel long distances just to find clean water."可知，人们长途跋涉的目的是为了找到干净的水。故答案为 Because local rivers are polluted and they can't get clean water nearby.
57．根据第三段"Many countries have passed laws... Volunteers organize river clean-up events... Scientists study water quality... Schools teach students..."可知，人们通过立法、组织清理活动、研究水质和开展环保教育等多种方式来保护河流。故答案 Governments make pollution laws; volunteers clean rivers; scientists test water; schools teach students river protection.
58．根据主题句"Everyone can help protect rivers."，续写部分应围绕普通人如何参与河流保护展开。结合前文提到的污染来源（垃圾、废水等），可以从减少垃圾、节约用水等日常行为入手，并点明这些小事的意思。故答案为：We can save water daily, stop throwing rubbish into rivers and choose green farm products to cut water pollution.
59．书面表达
Write at least 60 words according to the given situation.（根据以下情境写一篇不少于60词的短文，标点符号不占格）
你校英文网站正在举办以"Memories with friends"为主题的征文活动，请你写一篇短文投稿，分享你与一位好朋友之间展现出真挚友情的瞬间。
（注意：文中不得出现真实的人名、校名等相关信息。）
【答案】One possible version:
Memories with friends
I still keep in mind the warm moment between my best friend and me. Last term I failed an important exam and felt extremely upset. I hid myself alone after class. My friend found me and sat beside me quietly. Instead of saying much, he shared his own failure experience and encouraged me not to give up. He helped me go over weak knowledge points every afternoon after school. With his help, I made great progress in the next test. True friendship means standing by each other through hard times, and I will treasure this precious memory forever.
【知识点】命题作文；记叙文；人际关系与交往；同伴间交往的品质
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇命题作文写作，要求考生写一篇主题为"Memories with friends"的英语短文并向学校英文网站投稿。写作背景：考生就读学校的英文网站正在举办主题为"Memories with friends"的征文活动。内容包括：1.阐述写作主题；2. 叙述展现友情的具体瞬间；3. 阐述对友谊的感悟和珍视。注意：1. 时态为一般现在时和一般过去时；2.注意不要遗漏写作要点，详略得当，可适当拓展，突出写作重点；3. 注意语句表达规范流畅，逻辑正确，条理清晰，语义连贯；4. 不能使用真实的名称；5. 写作词数不少于60个词。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使作文显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。例如：1. 亮点词汇：stand by each other互相支持/不离不弃；keep in mind记住；sit
beside坐在......旁边；instead of相反；encourage sb not to do sth鼓励某人不要做某事；give up放弃；go over复习；make great progress取得了巨大的进步。2. 高分句子：True friendship means standing by each other through hard times, and I will treasure this precious memory forever.（运用了and连接的并列句）。
1 / 1

展开更多......

收起↑