资源简介

(共34张PPT)
Unit 1 Science Fiction
Discovering Useful Structures
Learning objectives
In this class, you are expected to be able to:
掌握被动语态的基本形式；
学习被动语态在不同时态中的使用；
了解常用被动语态句型；
将被动语态应用于写作中。
What kind of voices they are
Active voice (主动语态)
or Passive voice（被动语态）
Fan Changyu beats Yan Zheng. 樊长玉打了言正。
Yan Zheng is beaten by Fan Changyu. 言正被樊长玉打了。
被动语态的概念
一、什么是语态？
语态是英语动词的一种表现形式，用来说明___________和___________之间的关系。
二、语态的种类：______________和_________________
三、被动语态的形式：____________________________
You hit me.
I was hit/beaten.
主语
谓语动词
主动语态
被动语态
be done(动词的过去分词)
用法
1）不知道或没必要指出动作的执行者
e.g. This old bridge was built in 1980.
This watch is made in China.
2）强调动作的承受者，不强调动作的执行者，如果要指出动作的执行者，则由介词by引出
e.g.The thief was caught (by police).
3）文章标题，广告新闻中
e.g. Women are wanted.
Tom broke the glass yesterday.
The glass was broken by Tom yesterday.
主动语态变被动语态
三变：宾变主，主变宾，谓语动词变被动(be done)
一不变：其他均不变
主语
谓语动词
宾语
主语
谓语动词
宾语
Passive voice in different tenses
不同时态中的被动
Everyone loves “Da Wanji”.
People regard it as a mascot (吉祥物) in the 15th National Games of China.
“Da Wanji”_________ (by everyone).
It ___________ as a mascot (吉祥物) in the 15th National Games of China (by people).
do/does---
一般现在时
is loved
is regarded
am/is/are done
Liu Pinyun, deputy dean（院长）of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts (广州美术学院), designed the image of “Da Wanji” in 2025.
The image of “Da Wanji” ______________by Liu Pinyun, dean of Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts (广州美术学院) in 2025.
一般过去时
did---
was designed
was/were done
A country will give citizenship to robots in the future.
Scientists said that robots wouldn’t take over the world in the future.
Robots _____________ citizenship(by a country) in the future.
Scientists said that the world____________________ (by robots) in the future.
一般将来时
过去将来时
will do---
would do---
will be given
wouldn’t be taken over
will be done
would be done
A man______________________(threaten) by Changyu now.
We saw a screenshot from TV that a man ____________________ (threaten) by Changyu at the moment.
现在进行时
过去进行时
am/is/are doing---
was/were doing---
is being threatened
was being threatened
am/is/are being done
was/were being done
Sonny has learnt the feeling of anger since the conversation with the detective.
The detective found that Sonny had learnt the feeling of anger.
现在完成时
过去完成时
has/have done---
had done---
The feeling of anger_____________ by Sonny since the conversation with the detective.
The detective found that the feeling of anger ______________ by Sonny .
has been learnt
had been learnt
has/have been
done
had been done
We can defeat enemy the if we work together!
The enemy ______________if we work together!
情态动词
can/could/should/may/might + do
----
can be defeated
情态动词+be done
Summary
主动语态 被动语态
一般现在时 do/ does
一般过去式 did
一般/ 过去将来时 will/ would do
现在进行时 am/is/are doing
过去进行时 was/were doing
现在完成时 has/ have done
过去完成时 had done
语态
时态
am/ is/ are + done
was/ were + done
will/ would + be done
am/is/are + being done
was/ were + being done
has/ have + been done
had +been done
含情态动词 情态动词 +do
情态动词+ be done
Practical sentence patterns in passive voice
常用被动语态句型
02
Review and Recall
带复合宾语的动词变被动语态时, 一般将主动结构中的宾语变为被动结构中的主语, 而将宾语补足语保留不动(这时的宾语补足语为主语补足语)。
特殊结构的被动形式
(1) 带复合宾语的动词的被动结构
例：His father called him Jack.
He was called Jack by his father.
Review and Recall
注意！
The teacher made him clean the classroom alone.
He was made to clean the classroom alone by the teacher.
在主动语态中，make，hear，see等词后接不定式时要省略to，但转换为被动语态时，则不能省略to。
Review and Recall
(2) 双宾动词的被动结构
例：He gave her some money.
She was given some money.
Some money was given to her.
带有双宾语的主动句，变被动句时，一般把“人”提前作主语；将“物”提前则要在“人”的前面加 to 或 for。
Review and Recall
(3) 动词短语的被动结构
常见的结构有：
We look forward to the Spring Festival Gala.
The Spring Festival Gala is looked forward to by us.
动词短语在主动结构中是不可分割的，在被动结构中也是如此，不可去掉后面的介词或副词。
Review and Recall
(4)主动形式表被动意义
① 有些不及物动词主动形式可表被动意义
某些连系动词，如 feel, look, prove, smell, sound, taste 等。
例：It can’t move. The door won’t shut.
某些与 can’t, won’t 等连用的不及物动词，如 move, lock, shut, open 等。
例：My new pen writes well. The cloth doesn’t wash easily.
某些可与 well, easily 等副词连用的不及物动词，如 read, write, wash 等。
例：The food tasted better than it looked.
Review and Recall
例：A car accident happened.
The news spread quickly.
d.表示发生(happen/take place/ occur/ come about),爆发(break out /burst out), 属于(belong to)和传播(spread)的不及物动词
e.某些短语主动形式表示被动意义，come up(提出), run out (用完)
例：The question hasn’t come up yet.
The water ran out yesterday.
Review and Recall
例：The film is well worth seeing.
The policy is partly to blame for causing the worst unemployment
in Europe.
在 be worth doing 和 be to blame 结构中，动词 -ing 形式或动词不定式用主动形式表示被动意义。
当 want, need, require, deserve 表示“需要”或“值得”时，其宾语可用动词 -ing 形式的主动形式表示被动意义。
例：The carpet really wants cleaning (= to be cleaned).
Most house plants require watering (= to be watered).
Review and Recall
② 非谓语动词的某些主动形式表示被动意义
例：The question is difficult to answer.
Volleyball is very interesting to watch.
在“be + 形容词+ 不定式”结构中，不定式表示的动作与句子主语之间是逻辑上的动宾关系时，用主动形式表示被动意义。
常见形容词有：cheap, easy, comfortable, difficult, hard, light, heavy, expensive, pleasant, interesting, fit 等
Review and Recall
被动意义的其他表示方法
例： The proposal is under consideration, and we will make a decision soon.
The famous painting is on exhibition at the museum.
The price is in dispute.
The situation has been beyond control.
“介词+名词”结构表示被动意义：on，in，under，beyond，above，past等介词后可以表示被动意义。
课堂微练 即时检验
PART
02
第二部分
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1．(2023·天津卷)The wooden tower that _______________ (restore) will be open to tourists soon, and the work is almost finished.
2．(2024·北京卷)On April 5, 2024, John Tinniswood ____________ (name) the world's oldest living man.
is being restored
was named
3．When fat and salt ____________ (remove) from food, the food tastes as if it is missing something.
4．Though we don't know what was being discussed, yet we can feel the topic _________________ (change).
5．The surface of this table feels so smooth.I think it is well worth ____________ (buy).
are removed
has been changed
buying
6．The water ____________ (feel) cool when I jumped into the pool for morning exercise.
7．Jones got the idea after he had talked with a saleswoman who ___________________ (cheat) of her money.
8．After he took over the company, he decided to have more workers for the project so that it won't ____________ (delay).
felt
had been cheated
be delayed
9．In her speech, she stresses that no problem here is difficult ____________ (work) out, if we think carefully enough.
10．The visitors are required __________________________ (accompany) by a guide, and they must follow the park rules.
to work
accompanying/to be accompanied
Ⅱ.语法与写作(句型转换)
1．Yesterday when I entered my son's bedroom, he was playing a cell phone game.(改为被动语态)
→________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yesterday when I entered my son's bedroom, a cell phone game was being played by him.
2．Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，his former teacher called him back to London to continue his research. (改为被动语态)
→________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________
3．He hurried to the station, and was told the train had left.(改为“only＋动词不定式”的被动语态)
→_________________________________________________________
Shortly after he passed his qualification tests，he was called back by his former teacher to London to continue his research.
He hurried to the station, only to be told the train had left.
4．I feel it a great honor that I will be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式)
→__________________________________________________________
________________________________________
5．It appeared that he had been questioned many times.(改为非谓语动词的被动形式)
→__________________________________________________________
I feel it a great honor to be invited to speak at the meeting before so many students.
He appeared to have been questioned many times.
6．The new bridge is being constructed over the river, and it will improve traffic flow in the area. (同义转换)
→The new bridge ______________________over the river, and it will improve traffic flow in the area.
is under construction
Thank you

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