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(共31张PPT)
Unit 1 Food matters
(Grammar and usage)
★Learning Objectives
Grasp infinitives as subjects and predicatives, and write a
thank-you letter properly.
Understand Western dining culture and polite expressions.
Analyze infinitive functions and sum up grammar rules.
Explore grammar by observation and apply knowledge flexibly.
★Key points and difficult points
Master infinitives used as subjects and predicatives.
Learn core words and their collocations.
Differentiate the two It + adj. + for/of sb. to do structures.
Use infinitives correctly in writing and daily communication.
Do you like eating out or cooking at home Why
Free talk
eg：
I like cooking at home. It is relaxing to prepare meals for my family.
What is to-infinitives
The to-infinitive consists of the particle to plus the base form of a verb. It can act as different sentence parts, such as the subject and predicative.
动词不定式由 to + 动词原形构成，可在句中充当主语、表语等不同句子成分。
例：to cook （做饭）、to eat out （外出就餐）、to prepare meals
（准备饭菜）
Below is a blog entry about eating out and eating at home.
Not that long ago, my first thought at mealtimes was to eat at a restaurant. I was eager to try new restaurants. To eat out was also a social activity, allowing me to enhance the relationship with my friends. I often ate out until last month,when I came across a cooking app. There are a variety of recipes in the app to choose from. They are uploaded by users, and offer detailed instructions so that others can follow them step by step. Most of the recipes include photos or videos,which are very useful for beginners. When I picked a popular recipe and gave it a try, I discovered that it was not that difficult to make a simple and tasty dish. In the last few weeks, I've thrown myself into home cooking, from boiling noodles in the pot to frying steak in the pan. I hardly eat out any more. Not only is cooking at home cheaper, but I can cook exactly what I want. It's healthier too. No wonder people say nothing beats home cooking!
Now I am good at cooking a couple of dishes. My plan is to invite my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills. I hope that they will like my cooking!
Find the sentences that use to-infinitives as subjects or predicatives and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.
I discovered that it was not that difficult to make a simple and tasty dish.
My plan is to invite my friends over at the weekend to show them my new-found skills.
Working out the rules
When the to-infinitive is used as a subject, we usually use the preparatory subject at the beginning of the sentence.
The to-infinitive can also be used as a predicative. It usually comes after the verb _________.
it
be
当不定式作主语时，我们通常在句首使用形式主语 it。
不定式也可以作表语。它通常位于动词be之后。
动词不定式作主语
动词不定式 “to + 动词原形” 在句中充当主语，表示具体的、一次性的、将来要发生的动作或行为。
基本句式（不定式置于句首）：To+动词原形+谓语（单数形式+其他）
例句： To cook at home makes me relaxed. 在家做饭让我感到放松。）
To eat out is a good choice on holidays. （节假日外出就餐是个不错的选择。）
注意：多个不定式并列作主语，谓语仍用单数；后一个不定式的to可省略。
例句：To buy ingredients and (to) cook meals is fun.（采购食材、做饭很有趣。）
it做形式主语，动词不定式做真正的主语置于句尾：
(1) It + be + 形容词 + for sb. + to do sth.
形容词用来描述事物本身的性质、特征，不评价人的品格。常用形容词: easy, difficult, hard, important, necessary, dangerous, possible...
例句： It is difficult for me to cook western food. （对我来说，做西餐有难度。）
It is easy to make simple home-cooked meals.（做简单的家常菜很容易。）
(2) It + be + 形容词 + of sb. + to do sth.
形容词用来描述人的性格、品德、行为表现。常用形容词: kind, nice, good, clever, foolish, wise, careless, polite, rude, right, silly...
例句： It is honest of her to tell the truth.（她很诚实，说出了真相。）
It is polite to wait for others at the dining table.（在餐桌旁等候他人是有礼貌
的行为。）
(3) It takes sb. + 时间 / 金钱 + to do sth.
某人花费多长时间/多少金钱做某事
例句： It takes me 20 minutes to prepare dinner.（我花 20 分钟准备晚餐。）
It took us one hour to enjoy the meal in the restaurant.（我们在餐厅用餐花了
一小时。）
(4) It + be + 名词 + to do sth.
常用名词：a pity, a pleasure, a problem, a rule, a good idea...
例句： It is a good idea to eat out with friends.（和朋友外出就餐是个好主意。）
It is a pleasure to share delicious food with family.（和家人分享美食是一件乐
事。）
动词不定式作表语
动词不定式 “to + 动词原形” 放在系动词之后，在句中充当表语，用来解释、说明主语的具体内容、目标、计划、职责、愿望等。
基本句式：主语 + be + to do sth.
主语多为表示计划、梦想、目标、任务、想法的抽象名词，如：plan, dream, wish, hope, goal, choice, idea, task, duty, ambition...
例句： Our choice is to eat out this weekend.（我们的选择是这周末外出就餐。）
My plan is to cook dinner for my family tonight.（我的计划是今晚为家人做
晚餐。）
三种特殊语法规则：
(1) 主语含实义动词 do /does/did，表语不定式可省略 to
例句： All I do every day is (to) help cook meals.（我每天做的事就是帮忙做饭。）
All she wants to do is (to) taste the new dessert.（她只想尝尝这款新甜点。）
(2) 主动形式表被动含义（部分不定式结构看似主动，实际表达被动含义）
例句： The small house is to let.（这间小房子对外出租。）
Nobody is to blame for this mistake.（这个失误没有人需要担责。）
(3) 时态/语态变化（不定式作表语也可使用完成式、被动式，体现动作先后或被动关系）
例句： （被动）The work is to be finished today.（这项工作必须今日完成。）
（完成式）My hope is to have finished the task before sunset.（我希望在日落
前完成任务。）
Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives according to the requirements in the brackets.
1 The next dish that the cook will prepare is Kung Pao Chicken. (attributive)
________________________________________________________________________
2 The preparation of home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable. (subject)
________________________________________________________________________
3 Her dream is that she will open a restaurant some day. (predicative)
________________________________________________________________________
The next dish to be prepared by the cook is Kung Pao Chicken.
To prepare home-cooked meals is easy and enjoyable. / It is easy and enjoyable to prepare home-cooked meals.
Her dream is to open a restaurant some day.
Rewrite the following sentences using to-infinitives according to the requirements in the brackets.
4 We will put the potatoes in the pot first in order that they will be cooked quickly. (adverbial of purpose)
________________________________________________________________________
5 I consider the Soup of the Day as the best option on the menu. (object complement)
________________________________________________________________________
We will put the potatoes in the pot first (in order) to cook them quickly.
I consider the Soup of the Day to be the best option on the menu.
Below is a lifestyle magazine plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
As long as you are not afraid of heights, you will be impressed by Sky Buffet, the latest restaurant in the city centre. ____________ (locate) at the top of Tower 88, it gives you an amazing view of the bay. Better still, its entire seating area turns slowly and it is enjoyable __________ (see) the scenery outside while having your meal. Since it takes about an hour __________ (turn) the full 360 degrees, you are unlikely to get bored with the scenery. If you want to get the most wonderful views, your best bet is __________ (sit) by the window an hour before sunset and watch how the sky changes colours. The atmosphere is lively and modern, with its walls ____________ (paint) white and light blue. Sky Buffet serves a menu full of eye-catching Asian dishes, ___________ (range) from Chinese food to Japanese food. It will be a good idea _____________ (invite) your family and friends over for dinner. Sky Buffet is considered by many locals ___________ (be) the perfect location for a special occasion.
Located
to see
to turn
to sit
painted
ranging
to be
to invite
Imagine your friend has taken you out to dinner at Sky Buffet. Write a thank-you note to your friend, offering to return the favour by inviting him or her to your home for dinner next weekend. Remember to use to-infinitives. Use the expressions below to help you.
Expressions
I am writing to ... I have always wanted to ...
It was so kind of you to ... I would like/love to ...
It was wonderful to ... My plan is to ...
Dear Tom,
I am writing to express my sincere thanks for treating me to dinner at Sky Buffet last night.
It was so kind of you to take me to such a fantastic restaurant. It was wonderful to enjoy all kinds of delicious food and the amazing night view there. I have always wanted to try a rooftop buffet, and you made my dream come true.
I would love to return the favour. My plan is to invite you to my home for dinner next weekend. I will cook several special home-cooked dishes for you. I am looking forward to our warm meal at my house.
Yours,
Li Hua
Example
Vocabulary
eager：adj. 渴望的；热切的；渴求的
be eager for sth. ：渴望得到某物 / 某事
例：We are eager for delicious food.（我们期盼美味的食物。)
be eager to do sth. ：渴望做某事
例：She is eager to learn how to cook.（她渴望学习做饭。）
be eager for sb. to do sth. ：渴望某人做某事
例：I’m eager for you to come over.（我盼着你过来。）
be eager + that从句：渴望……（从句谓语用“should+ 动词原形”，should可省略）
例：I’m eager that he (should) join us.（我非常渴望他能加入我们。）
eager
impress：v. 使钦佩；给……留下深刻印象
impress sb. with/by ... ：以……给某人留下深刻印象
例：She impressed us with her excellent singing.
（她出色的歌喉给我们留下了深刻印象。)
impress sth. on/upon sb. ：使某人牢记某事
例：Mum impressed safety rules upon the kids.（妈妈让孩子们牢记安全准则。）
be impressed by/at/with sth. ：被……打动/对…… 印象深刻
例：I was impressed with his kind behaviour.（他友善的举动打动了我。）
impress
n. 气氛；氛围
例：We love its quiet atmosphere.（我们喜欢这里安静的氛围。）
Soft music builds a sweet atmosphere in the café.（轻柔的音乐在咖啡馆里营造出
温馨的氛围。)
n. 空气；大气；大气层（其前通常加定冠词the）
例：Harmful gases pollute the atmosphere day by day.（有害气体日复一日污染大气。）
The atmosphere blocks strong sunlight.（大气层阻隔强烈日光。）
atmosphere
throw oneself into：全身心投入；积极投身于
into 是介词，后面不能接动词原形，只能接名词或 doing。
例：He threw himself into his cooking.（他全身心投入烹饪。）
She throws herself into learning new recipes.（她潜心学习新菜谱。）
They threw themselves into the dinner party.（他们全身心地投入到了晚宴中。)
throw oneself into
Exercise
1. It was kind ______ you to invite me to your home for dinner.
A. for B. of C. to D. with
2. Into ______ his spare time, he makes many tasty desserts.
A. throw himself B. throwing himself
C. he throws himself D. he threw himself
3. All I want ______ taste the sweet homemade cake you made.
A. is to B. to C. are to D. be to
B
B
A
单项选择
根据括号内容填空
1. It is polite of us ___________ (wait) for others before meals.
2. She is eager ____________ (try) the new snacks in the shop.
3. My plan is ____________ (prepare) home-cooked food for my friend.
4. He threw himself into ____________ (create) special dishes in his free
time.
to wait
to try
to prepare
creating
Summary
★Summary
Master the usage of to-infinitives as subject and predicative.
Grasp all new words, phrases and key knowledge points in this lesson.
Learn to write a complete thank-you note with standard format and
required grammar points.
Develop polite communication awareness and feel the warmth of
treating friends to meals.
Homework
★Homework
Required tasks
Finish all vocabulary and grammar exercises we learned in class.
Write a 80-word thank-you note following the given format,
using to-infinitives properly.
Optional tasks
Make a short dialogue about inviting friends to have dinner at
home.
Thanks!

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