资源简介

(共29张PPT)
Unit 2 The universal language
(Grammar and usage)
★Learning Objectives
Grasp verb-ing as subjects and objects and use them properly
in music-related contexts.
Know guqin culture and the story of Boya and Ziqi, and realize
music is a global language.
Tell apart different functions of verb-ing forms and judge verb
forms logically.
Sum up grammar rules independently and express musical ideas
with verb-ing structures.
★Key points and difficult points
Judge verb-ing as subjects or objects in sentences.
Memorize verbs and prepositions followed by verb-ing.
Distinguish verb-ing from infinitives in confusing collocations.
Use passive and compound verb-ing structures correctly in context.
Who are the two men in the picture What are they doing
eg：
One man is playing the guqin; the other is listening.
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Verb-ing forms as objects
Playing the qin was his life.
…everyone enjoyed listening…
Below is a story about a musician and his friend in ancient China. Find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as subjects or objects and fill in the table below. The first ones have been done for you.
作主语
作宾语
In China’s Spring and Autumn and Warring States periods, there lived a man named Boya, who was a master of the qin. Playing the qin was his life. He played so well that everyone enjoyed listening to his music and thought highly of his techniques. However, Boya believed no one could understand his music until he met Zhong Ziqi. Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, yet Zhong Ziqi was able to paint a picture of great mountain ranges in his mind. When Boya continued playing, Zhong Ziqi said he had heard the sound of a river flowing quickly. In fact, Boya had intended to call the piece High Mountains and Flowing Water. Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi. The two soon became great friends and before going their separate ways, they agreed to meet at the Mid-Autumn Festival the next year. However, Zhong Ziqi failed to show up on that day. When Boya learnt about Zhong Ziqi’s death, he was overcome with sorrow. He played High Mountains and Flowing Water in front of Zhong Ziqi’s grave. After he finished playing the piece, he destroyed the qin and said, “Since the only person that understands my music is gone, it’s no use keeping the qin.”
Find the sentences that use verb-ing forms as subjects or objects and fill in the table below.
Verb-ing forms as subjects
Verb-ing forms as objects
Playing the qin was his life.
... everyone enjoyed listening...
Having someone that really understood his music pleased Boya, ...
..., it’s no use keeping the qin.
Boya did not say anything before playing the qin, ...
When Boya continued playing, ...
..., who never got tired of sharing his music with Zhong Ziqi.
... before going their separate ways, ...
After he finished playing the piece, ...
Working out the rules
When the verb-ing form is used as the subject of a sentence, we can sometimes use the preparatory subject _________ at the beginning of the sentence.
The verb-ing form can also be used as the object of a _________ or a ___________.
当动词-ing形式用作句子的主语时，我们有时可以在句首使用形式主语it。
动词-ing形式也可以作动词或介词的宾语。
it
verb
preposition
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
动词-ing（动名词）直接置于句首充当主语，表抽象、习惯性动作，谓语动词统
一使用单数形式。
结构：Doing sth. + 单数谓语…
例句：Swimming is good exercise. （游泳是很好的运动。）
Listening to music relaxes my mind.（听音乐能放松我的心情。）
it作形式主语：为避免头重脚轻，用it占位，真正主语doing后置。
例句：It’s fun walking along the river after dinner.（晚餐后沿着河边散步很有趣。）
It’s no good wasting time on meaningless games.
（把时间浪费在毫无意义的游戏上是不值得的。）
动词-ing形式可以在句中用作动词的宾语。常接动词-ing形式作宾语的动词有：advise,avoid、enjoy、escape,finish,imagine、mind、practise、risk.suggest 等。
例句：I enjoy walking after dinner. （我喜欢晚饭后散步。）
She avoids arguing with others.（她避免与他人争吵。）
动词 -ing 形式可以在句中用作介词的宾语。所有介词（by / of / before / after / without / to / in / at等）后接动作，必须用doing。
例句：He is good at drawing.（他擅长画画。）
She left without saying goodbye. （她没打招呼就走了。）
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
动词-ing形式的逻辑主语常用物主代词或名词所有格表示。
例句：His refusing to lie wins our respect. （他拒绝撒谎赢得了我们的尊重。）
There is no chance of Lily’s missing the concert.（莉莉不可能错过这场音乐
会。）
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语时可以有被动形式。
例句：Being invited to the show makes her excited.（被邀请参加演出让她很兴奋。）
Nobody enjoys being treated unfairly.（没有人喜欢被不公平地对待。）
动词-ing形式作主语和宾语
listening
reading
trying
teaching
playing
Circle the mistakes and write down the correct forms in the blankets.
Blow is an article about the music sent into plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
If you have to choose music from the Earth to send into space, what music do you think is capable of _____________(represent) mankind The sound of the Chinese qin is one answer to this question. In 1977, two spacecraft called Voyager 1 and Voyager 2 were sent out ____________ (explore) the solar system. On both spacecraft, there is a selection of music from our planet. _____________ (send) music into outer space was the idea of the famous scientist Carl Sagan, who believed intelligent life existed on other planets. The music was intended as a universal language to greet intelligent life in space (if there is any). A group of scientists and artists got down to _____________ (choose) suitable music.
representing
to explore
Sending
choosing
Of course, they had trouble ____________ (select) which pieces of music to include. In the end, 27 different pieces of music ___________ (last) 90 minutes were put on the spacecraft. China is represented by a recording of Guan Pinghu ____________ (play) an ancient piece called Flowing Water on the Chinese instrument qin. It is said that Boya wrote it.
It took about 40 years for the Voyager spacecraft ___________ (enter) the space between the stars. We do not know what will happen in the end, but maybe the sound of the qin will one day be heard on a distant planet.
Blow is an article about the music sent into plete the article with the correct forms of the verbs in the brackets.
selecting
lasting
playing
to enter
In pairs, discuss how traditional Chinese music can be appreciated by a larger audience. Make a list of measures, using verb-ing forms as subjects or objects. Use the example below to help you.
Example
Holding music festivals will give the public more chances to appreciate traditional Chinese music.
Organizing traditional music tours around the country might give people more access to traditional Chinese music.
Encouraging students to learn how to play traditional Chinese musical instruments can increase appreciation of the music.
The media companies can contribute by making more documentary films or TV programmes to promote traditional Chinese music.
Example
Vocabulary
suitable：adj. 合适的；适宜的；恰当的
be suitable to do sth.：适合做某事
例：The guqin is suitable to express quiet feelings.（古琴适合表达静谧的情感。)
be suitable for sb/sth：适合某人/某物
例：These songs are suitable for teenagers.（这些歌曲适合青少年。）
This music is suitable for relaxing.（这音乐适合放松。）
suitable
adj. 遥远的；远处的；久远的
be distant from…：离…… 遥远
例：The star is distant from the Earth.（这颗星星距离地球很远。)
adj. 不友好的；冷淡的；疏远的
例：He became distant after we argued last time.（上次争吵后，他变得十分疏远。）
adj. 远房的；远亲的
例：He is just a distant relative of mine.（他只是我的一位远房亲戚。)
distant
accompany：v. 陪伴；陪同
accompany sb. to...：陪某人去……
例：She accompanied her grandma to the theatre.（她陪奶奶去剧院。)
accompany sth. with sth.：用…… 伴随 / 搭配某物
例：The singer accompanied her song with the guqin.（这位歌手以古琴为自己的歌曲伴奏。）
be accompanied by：由…… 陪同；伴随
例：Heavy rain was accompanied by strong winds last night.（昨晚大雨伴随着狂风。)
accompany
reputation：n. 名声；名誉；声望
have a good/bad reputation：拥有好/坏名声
例：He has a good reputation as a guqin master.（他作为古琴大师拥有极好的声望。)
have a reputation for... ：因……而出名；以……著称
例：Boya has a reputation for playing the qin perfectly.（伯牙因琴艺精湛而闻名。）
live up to one’s reputation：名副其实，不负盛名
例：His performance lives up to his reputation.（他的演奏名副其实。)
reputation
Exercise
1. It’s no good ______ too much time on short music videos.
A. waste B. to waste C. wasting D. wasted
2. All the fans look forward to ______ their favourite musician live.
A. see B. seeing C. to see D. seen
3. ______ soft music every night helps me fall asleep quickly.
A. Listen B. Listening C. To listening D. Listened
C
B
B
单项选择
翻译句子
1. 学习传统乐器需要长久的坚持。（动名词作主语）
________________________________________________________
2. 乘公共汽车上学通常要花费我10分钟时间。
________________________________________________________
3. 和知己分享音乐是一件无比幸福的事。（it 作形式主语）
________________________________________________________
Practising the guqin every single day improves your sense of music.
Going to school by bus usually takes me 10 minutes.
Having a friend who truly understands your music is a treasure.
Summary
★Summary
Master the use of verb-ing forms functioning as subjects and
objects in sentences.
Grasp gerund compound structures and passive forms.
Master the core vocabulary of this lesson.
Master key words and use them with gerunds for music topics.
Homework
★Homework
Required tasks
Write a 70–90 word short article about traditional music.
Copy the four summary points twice and recite them fluently.
Optional tasks
Sort out all gerund grammar rules in your notebook.
Thanks!

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