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暑假预习Unit 1 Staying healthy
Lesson 5 No smoking，please！
【预习导航】
【重要词汇】
英文单词 音标 词性 中文释义 变形 & 搭配拓展
smoke /sm k/ v./n. v. 吸烟；n. 烟 smoking n. 吸烟（动名词）；stop smoking 戒烟
cigarette / s ɡ ret/ n. 香烟 stay away from cigarettes 远离香烟
poster / p st (r)/ n. 海报 make a poster 制作海报
collect /k lekt/ v. 收集，搜集 collect information 收集信息
illness / ln s/ n. 疾病 ill adj. 生病的
lung /l / n. 肺（复数 lungs） lung cancer 肺癌
cancer / k ns (r)/ n. 癌症
heart /hɑ t/ n. 心脏 heart diseases 心脏病
disease /d zi z/ n. 疾病（复数 diseases）
million / m lj n/ num. 百万 millions of 数百万的
harm /hɑ m/ v./n. 伤害，危害 harm sb. 伤害某人；harmful adj. 有害的
second-hand / sek nd h nd/ adj. 二手的 second-hand smoke 二手烟
pollute /p lu t/ v. 污染 pollution n. 污染；pollute the environment 污染环境
environment / n va r nm nt/ n. 环境 clean environment 干净的环境
breathe /bri / v. 呼吸 fresh air 新鲜空气；breath n. 呼吸（名词）
public / p bl k/ adj. 公共的 public places 公共场所
law /l / n. 法律 against the law 违法
offer / f (r)/ v. 主动提供 offer sb. sth. 给某人递某物
risk /r sk/ n. 风险 take the risk 冒险
account / ka nt/ n. 原因，账目 on account of 因为，由于
effect / fekt/ n. 影响，效果 harmful effects 有害影响
advise / d va z/ v. 建议 advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事；advice n. 建议（不可数）
explain / k sple n/ v. 解释 try explaining 试着解释；explanation n. 解释
form /f m/ v. 养成，形成 form good habits 养成好习惯
【重要短语】
英文短语 中文翻译
a bad habit 坏习惯
stay away from cigarettes 远离香烟
as a result of 由于，作为…… 的结果
not only… but also… 不仅…… 而且……
second-hand smoke 二手烟
pollute the environment 污染环境
fresh air 新鲜空气
public places 公共场所
against the law 违法
never touch cigarettes 绝不碰香烟
say no 拒绝，说不
take that risk 冒那个风险
on account of 因为，由于
harmful effects 有害影响
advise sb. to stop smoking 劝说某人戒烟
try doing sth. 试着做某事
form good habits 养成好习惯
【重要短语】
1. 动名词作主语
Smoking is a bad habit.
译文：吸烟是一个坏习惯。
语法：动词 smoke 变动名词 smoking 放在句首，充当句子主语。
2. as a result of 表因果
Every year, millions of people around the world die as a result of smoking.
译文：每年全球数百万人因吸烟离世。
辨析：as a result（结果，单独用）；as a result of + 名词 / 动名词（由于……）
3. not only… but also… 不仅…… 而且……（就近原则）
If you smoke, you harm not only yourself, but also the people around you.
译文：如果你吸烟，伤害的不仅是你自己，还有身边的人。
4. It is + 形容词 + for sb. to do sth. 做某事对某人来说……
It will be hard for them to stop smoking.
译文：戒烟对他们来说会很难。
5. advise sb. to do sth. 建议某人做某事
If your family members smoke, advise them to stop smoking.
译文：如果家人吸烟，劝说他们戒烟。
6. try doing sth. 试着做某事（尝试一种方法）
you should try explaining how important it is for their health.
译文：你应该试着向他们解释健康有多重要。
辨析：try to do sth. 努力尽力做某事
7. on account of + 名词 / 动名词 表原因
they shouldn’t do it on account of the harmful effects of smoking.
译文：因为吸烟的种种危害，他们不应该吸烟。
8. 宾语从句（how 引导）
explaining how important it is for their health
译文：解释健康对他们有多重要
语法：how 引导宾语从句，正常语序：it is important for their health
【课堂练习】
一、单项选择
______ is a terrible habit and it does great harm to our bodies.
A. Smoke B. Smoking C. Smoked D. To smoking
Millions ______ people lose their lives ______ smoking every year.
A. of; as a result of B. /; as result of C. of; as a result D. /; as result
Smoking harms not only smokers ______ the people around them with second-hand smoke.
A. and B. or C. but also D. so
I advise my father ______ smoking because it’s bad for his heart.
A. stop B. stopping C. to stop D. stopped
It’s difficult for old smokers ______ the harmful effects of smoking.
A. understand B. to understand C. understanding D. understood
二、用所给单词适当形式填空
Many serious ______ (ill) are caused by smoking, such as lung cancer.
Smoking is ______ (harm) to both yourself and people nearby.
We should try ______ (explain) the danger of cigarettes to people who smoke.
Too much smoking ______ (pollute) the air around us and makes dirty environment.
My teacher gives me lots of useful ______ (advise) on healthy living.
三、根据汉语提示，单词拼写
We should stay away from ______ (香烟) at any time as teenagers.
Smoking in public places is ______ (违反) the law in many countries.
We all want to live in a clean world and ______ (呼吸) fresh clean air.
Don’t take the ______ (风险) of smoking, it will bring you terrible diseases.
Smoking will cause heart ______ (疾病) and lung cancer easily.
四、根据汉语提示完成句子
吸烟不仅伤害你自己，还会用二手烟伤害身边所有人。
If you smoke, you harm not only yourself but also people around you ______.
由于吸烟带来的有害影响，我们应该劝说身边人拒绝香烟。
We should tell people not to smoke ______ the harmful effects of smoking.
如果你的家人吸烟，建议他们戒烟，并耐心解释健康有多重要。
If your family members smoke, ______ stop smoking and explain the importance of health to them.
我们要多吃蔬菜水果、坚持运动，养成健康良好的生活习惯。
We need to eat more fruit and vegetables, take more exercise and ______.
每当有人给你递烟，你要果断拒绝，不要冒这个危险。
Whenever someone ______ you a cigarette, you should say no and don’t take that risk.
【能力提升】
五、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
It was the last math exam before summer. But Scott didn’t worry. He was the best math student in the class, and he 1 had to work very hard at it. It used to make the other students mad 2 he didn’t study, yet he always got the best mark.
As usual, he was the first one done. The next day, he was asked to go to the school.
When he arrived at the school, the headmaster was there. “Wow! I must have scored 100 percent on the exam!” he thought. But what the headmaster said left Scott 3 . “You failed,” she said. “You surely had the talent for math but you 4 it. It’s time that you learned that you couldn’t just walk into an exam if you didn’t prepare well.”
The headmaster continued, “I was like you when I was a girl. My 5 was in science. I was the best in my class. But one day, I 6 a big exam. My science teacher gave me this picture that day. This ugly-looking bird is called a buzzard (秃鹫). Read what it 7 at the bottom.”
Scott read it aloud, “Welcome to the Buzzard Club. Remember, it’s not about clever brains. It’s about 8 .”
“A buzzard can only fly if it gets a running start. It can’t just fly into the air like other birds. But once it’s in the air, it can fly very high. Remember, studying is like that running start. Together with your 9 , it will allow you to fly like a bird!” the headmaster explained. Scott became a 10 member of the Buzzard Club. And he never failed a math exam again.
1．A．always B．never C．nearly D．just
2．A．Until B．unless C．though D．because
3．A．excited B．relaxed C．surprised D．afraid
4．A．noticed B．wasted C．followed D．accepted
5．A．gift B．patience C．answer D．problem
6．A．heard B．forgot C．refused D．failed
7．A．says B．replies C．repeats D．hides
8．A．experience B．creativity C．effort D．courage
9．A．ability B．purpose C．hobby D．discovery
10．A．lazy B．quiet C．friendly D．proud
六、短文填空
In our family, everyone helps out around the house. Sharing housework makes our family closer and 11 (happy).
We want 12 (keep) our house clean and tidy. Every morning, my younger sister Lingling and I make the bed by 13 (oneself). When we finish breakfast, Lingling carries all the 14 (dish) to the kitchen. My special job is taking care of Coco, our lovely pet dog. I fill our dog’s bowl 15 food.
In 16 evening, we often do some teamwork. When the sun 17 (set) over our neighbourhood, Lingling and I take turns walking Coco. Lingling loves watering flowers in our house, 18 she is not tall enough to reach the top of the shelf. So I water the flowers on the top. I’m so 19 (pride) of my role as the elder brother.
My sister and I 20 (learn) a lot through housework already. Last month, when my mom was sick, all the housework 21 (do) by my sister and me. Housework isn’t just work. It shows love for our family.
Tomorrow is my sister’s birthday, and she 22 (have) a birthday party. And it is her 23 (eleven) birthday. At the moment I 24 (prepare) a gift for her. I want to give her a surprise, so I am doing it 25 (quiet). I hope she will like it. I love my family.
七、任务型阅读
阅读下面短文，简略回答问题。
With the rapid development of science and technology, the ways of communication among people have changed a lot in the past years.
As we all know, in ancient times, people communicated with others who were far away only by writing letters. It took a very long time to get the message.
In the 19th century, the telegraph was invented, but it was not widely used. It was much faster than letters, bringing great convenience to people.
As time goes by, telephones become increasingly widely used. They are important communication tools in modern information society.
Besides, network communication is popular as well. It is especially widely welcomed by the youth. A great number of people communicate with others on the Internet by using software (软件), such as QQ, WeChat, BBS and MMS. Using software is easy. A computer which is connected to the network is enough. In China, WeChat has become the most popular communication software nowadays. WeChat, known as Weixin in China, is a mobile phone text and voice messaging communication software. People who make video calls can not only hear the sound, but also see the people they talk to.
26．How did people communicate with others in ancient times
27．Why is telegraph better than letters in communication
28．How many kinds of communication software are listed in the passage What are they
29．What kind of communication software is WeChat
30．Which way of communication will you choose Why
【参考答案】
一、1-5 BACCB
二、1.illnesses 2.harmful 3.explaining 4.pollutes 5.advice
三、1.cigarettes2.against3.breathe4.risk5.diseases
四、1.with your second-hand smoke
2.on account of / because of
3.advise them to
4.form good healthy habits
5.offers
五、1．B 2．D 3．C 4．B 5．A 6．D 7．A 8．C 9．A 10．D
六、11．happier 12．to keep 13．ourselves 14．dishes 15．with 16．the 17．sets 18．but 19．proud 20．have learnt/have learned 21．was done 22．will have 23．eleventh 24．am preparing 25．quietly
七、26．By writing letters.
It was much faster.
Four. They’re QQ, WeChat, BBS, and MMS.
29．It is a mobile phone text and voice messaging communication software. 30．Telephone. Because it is easy and convenient to operate./Network communication. Because I can not only hear the sound, but also see the people I talk to.

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