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(共36张PPT)
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Share your opinions about
a moral story
Unit 2 Reading for writing
寓言故事
Language Points
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 1
Once upon a time从前 there was a king who often thought, “Nothing good can come to a nation whose people only complain and expect others to 期望某人做 solve their problems．” One day, he had an idea．
从前有一个国王，他经常想:“如果一个国家的人民只会抱怨，指望别人来解决他们的问题，那么这个国家就不会有什么好事。”一天，他有了一个主意。
定语从句
complain about
make a complaint about
think→thought
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 2
Early one morning, the king disguised himself and went to a local village．He placed a large stone in the middle of 在...中间 the main street and hid gold coins under the stone．Then he hid behind a huge maple tree and watched．
一天清晨，国王乔装打扮，来到当地的一个村庄。他在大街中间放了一块大石头，把金币藏在石头下面。然后他躲在一棵巨大的枫树后面看着。
disguise oneself (as)
化装（成）
hide→hid→hidden
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 3
The first person down沿着 the street was a milkman with his cart．He crashed into 撞到...上 the stone, spilling the milk everywhere．“What fool put this stone here？” he shouted．He picked himself up and angrily went away．一天 第一个走到街上的人是一个推着手推车的送奶工。他撞在石头上，牛奶洒得到处都是。“哪个傻瓜把这块石头放在这儿 ”他喊道。他爬起来生气地走了。
pick sb/sth up
捡起，学会，（车、飞机）承载，跌倒后站起来
现在分词作结果状语
adv.修饰v.
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 4
After a while过了一会儿, a group of 一群 women came along, each balancing a pot of water on her head． One woman tripped over被绊倒 the stone and her water pot went crashing to the ground．She picked herself up and limped away in tears流着泪．Neither she nor her friends thought about 想到 moving the stone out of the road．
过了一会儿，一群女人走过来，每人头上顶着一壶水。一名妇女被石头绊倒，她的水壶摔在地上。她爬起来，哭着一瘸一拐地走了。她和她的朋友们都没有想过把石头从路上移开。
come along 出现
come→came→come
crash to the ground
轰然倒地
go/come+doing
现在分词表示方式/状态
n+非谓语：独立主格
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 5
The king watched all day as many people complained about抱怨 the stone, but he found nobody making an attempt to move it．The king was in despair绝望地．“Is there no one in this village who feels any responsibility to keep their neighbours from harm？”
国王看了一整天，许多人都在抱怨那块石头，但他发现没有人试图移动它。国王绝望了。“难道这个村子里就没有人觉得有责任保护他们的邻居不受伤害吗 ”
find sb. doing sth.发现某人正在做某事
make an attempt to do sth.试图做某事
feels the/no responsibility to do sth感觉有/没有责任做某事
keep sb. from使某人远离，不受...伤害
as引导时间状语从句
现在分词作宾补
定语从句
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 6
Just then, the king saw a young girl coming along．She was the daughter of a local farmer．She had been working all day and was very tired．But when she saw the stone, she said to herself, “This stone is a danger to anyone who comes down the street after dark黑暗，夜幕．I'll move it out of the way．”
就在这时，国王看到一个年轻女孩走过来。她是当地一个农民的女儿。她工作了一整天，很累。但当她看到那块石头时，她自言自语道:“天黑后走在街上的人都会有危险。我将把它移开。”
see sb doing 看见某人正在做
say to oneself 自言自语
be a danger to对...是危险
现在分词作宾补
定语从句
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 7
The girl pushed the stone with all her might 用尽全身力气．
After a great deal of 大量，许多 effort, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street．Imagine her surprise when she saw the gold coins where the stone had been!
女孩用尽全身力气推了推石头。经过一番努力，她终于成功地把它搬到了路边。想象一下，当她在石头原来的地方看到金币时，她是多么惊讶啊!
用尽全身力气 do sth with all one’s might/strength
成功做某事 succeed in doing sth
时间状语从句
地点状语从句
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 8
Just then, the king stepped out from从...中走出来 behind the tree．“Oh sir，” the girl said, “does this gold belong to属于 you If not, we surely must find the owner, for 因为 he will certainly miss it．”
就在这时，国王从树后走了出来。“哦，先生，”女孩说，“这些金子是你的吗 如果不是，我们一定要找到它的主人，因为他一定会发现丢了它。”
条件句的省略：
if it does not belong to you
THE STONE IN THE ROAD
para 9
The king said, “My dear, the gold is mine．I put it in the road and moved the stone over在...上面 it．Now the gold is yours, because you are the only person who has learnt the lesson I wanted to teach my people．”
国王说:“亲爱的，金子是我的。我把它放在路上，然后把石头移过去。现在金子是你的了，因为你是唯一一个学会了我想教给我的人民的教训的人。”
原因状语从句
定语从句
Learn to build action chains
To describe a picture more vividly(emotion+action)
STEP.01
Pre-action
STEP.02
action
STEP.03
Post-action
sb did v1, did v2, and did v3.(动作三连)
同一主语，动作同时发生：
sb did v1, doing v2, and doing v3.
doing v1, sb did v2, doing v3.
同一主语，动作先后发生：
having done v1, sb did v2, (doing v3)
不同主语：独立主格（n+非谓语/with+n+非谓语）
(place) a large stone in the middle of the main street and . (hide) gold coins under it, he hid behind a huge maple tree, (watch)silently.
With a large stone (place) in the middle of the street and gold coins . (hide) under it, he hid behind the tree,
(watch)carefully.
Having placed
(having) hidden
watching
placed
hidden
watching
Having done..., sb did ..., doing ...
With+n+非谓语, sb did ..., doing ...
(pick) himself up, he went away angrily.
伴随情绪：
①Having picked himself up, he (turn) around and went away, (feel) angry.
②Having picked himself up, he turned around and went away, (fill)with anger.
Having picked
turned
feeling
filled
sb did ..., feeling +adj.
sb did ..., filled with +n.
(pick) herself up, she limped away in tears, neither she nor her friends
(think)about moving the stone out of the road.
Having picked
thinking
Having done..., sb did ..., doing ...
① and (失望又绝望), the king sighed,
(ask)in a sad voice, “Is there ... ”
② (感到)completely desperate, the king lowered his head, (question) angrily, “Is there ... ”
③ (充满) despair, the king shook his head helplessly,
(shout) sadly, “Is there ... ”
能够让画面更生动？用“情绪 + 动作 + 非谓语”改写这句话？
Disappointed
desperate
asking
Filled with
shouting
Feeling
questioning
情绪作伴随状语：
(feeling) adj and adj.
Filled with+情n.
说+adv/in a adj voice
(push) the stone with all her might, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street after a great deal of effort.
Having pushed
用上非谓语、神态、心理、动作
把 surprise 的情绪写细、写满
①一看到原来放石头的地方有金币，她吓呆了，
眼睛瞪得大大的，嘴巴也惊讶地张大了。
Upon seeing the gold coins where the stone had been, she froze with shock, her eyes (widen)and her mouth 。 (open)wide in surprise.【独立主格】
②看到原来放石头的地方有金币，她吓呆了，说不出话来。
On seeing the gold coins where the stone had been, she was frozen with surprise, .
Having pushed the stone with all her might, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street after a great deal of effort.
She was surprise to see some gold coins！
widening
opening
unable to speak a word
③当她在原来放石头的地方发现金币时，她简直不敢相信自己的眼睛。她一动不动地站在那里，眼睛里闪烁着惊讶的光芒，心因惊奇而狂跳。
Hardly could she believe her eyes when she spotted the gold coins where the stone had been. She stood (root) to the ground, eyes (sparkle)with astonishment and heart
(beat)wildly with surprise.
Having pushed the stone with all her might, she finally succeeded in moving it to the side of the street after a great deal of effort.
She was surprise to see some gold coins！
rooted
sparkling
beating
疑惑与思考（puzzle /wonder）
She looked around, wondering who could have left the gold coins there.
A flood of questions crowded into her mind.
内心抉择（moral choice）:贫穷 vs 诚实（读后续写最爱主题）
Tempting诱人的 as the gold was, she knew she shouldn’t keep it.
Rather than keep the money, she decided to turn it in.
行动 + 主题升华（honesty /kindness）
She gathered the coins and waited patiently for the owner.
It was her honesty that earned her a lifelong reward.
Ⅰ.增分语料积累
读后续写高级句式升级：非谓语动词
熟练掌握非谓语动词的用法，并将其灵活、恰当地运用到读后续写中，是提升写作档次的关键。它能帮助考生写出更复杂多样的句式，使句子间衔接更自然、流畅，表达更精确、高效，以描绘更生动形象的画面。读后续写往往需要描述一系列动作或状态，过多使用简单句 (Subject＋Verb＋Object) 会使文章显得单调、枯燥、不连贯，非谓语动词可以将多个信息压缩到一个结构精炼的句子中，体现动作发生的先后顺序、因果关系、伴随状态等逻辑关系。以下是非谓语动词在读后续写中的运用。
1.描述连续动作或伴随状态(主要用现在分词/过去分词)：
代替and：当两个动作几乎同时发生，或一个动作伴随另一个动作时，可以用分词结构。
He ran down the street，shouting for help.(边跑边喊)
他沿街跑去，大声呼救。
She sat by the window，watching the rain fall.(坐着看雨)
她坐在窗边看雨。
Punished by his father，the boy was crying his heart out.(被罚而哭)
受到父亲的惩罚后，这个男孩哭得很伤心。
2.表示方式或状态：
Trembling with fear，she reached for the phone.(状态：颤抖着)
她吓得浑身发抖，伸手去拿电话。
Crossing his arms，he looked at me disapprovingly.(方式：交叉双臂)
他交叉着双臂，不以为然地看着我。
3.描述原因或结果(主要用分词短语或不定式)：
原因：
Frightened by the loud noise，the dog hid under the bed.(过去分词表原因)
狗被巨大的噪声吓坏了，躲在床底下。
Not knowing what to do，he froze there，unable to move an inch.(现在分词表原因)
他不知道该怎么办，僵在那里，一动也不能动。
3.描述原因或结果(主要用分词短语或不定式)：
结果(常用不定式或现在分词)：
He worked hard，only to fail the exam.(不定式表出乎意料的结果)
他努力学习，结果考试不及格。
To our shock，the fire spread quickly，destroying several houses.
(现在分词表自然而然的结果)
令我们震惊的是，火势迅速蔓延，烧毁了几所房屋。
4.描述时间(主要用分词完成式 having done 或 after doing)：
有先后关系：强调动作发生在主句动作之前，having done
Having packed their bags，they set off early in the morning.(打包完才出发)
他们收拾好行李，一大早就出发了。
After finishing/Having finished the letter，she mailed it immediately.
写完信后，她立即把它寄出去了。
5.描述目的(主要用不定式 to do)：
She studied day and night to achieve her dream.
她日夜学习以实现她的梦想。
6.作定语修饰名词(用分词或不定式)：
前置定语(单个分词)：
a broken window(过去分词表被动/完成)
a crying baby (现在分词表主动/进行)
后置定语(分词短语或不定式短语)：
The man standing at the door was trembling nervously.(现在分词短语)
站在门口的那个人紧张地发抖。
The problem discussed at the meeting is of great significance.(过去分词短语)
会上讨论的问题很重要。
The next train to arrive is from Beijing.(不定式表将来)
下一班到达的火车是从北京来的。
She has a lot of work to do.(不定式表主动)
她有很多工作要做。
7.独立主格结构：
Time permitting，we would go.(独立主格表条件)
如果时间允许，我们就去。
His homework finished，he set out to assist his mother to do the housework.(独立主格表时间)
作业做完后，他开始帮妈妈做家务。
[针对训练]　根据汉语提示补全句子
1.我小心翼翼地打开信，希望能从中找到钱包主人身份的一些线索。(现在分词短语作状语)
I opened the letter carefully, ______________________________________
.
2.女孩站了起来，微笑着，她的长发随风飘动。(独立主格结构)
The girl rose to her feet and smiled， .
hoping for some clues to the identity of the
owner of the wallet
her long hair flowing in the wind
3她穿着圣诞老人的服装，悄悄溜进房间，没有被人注意到。(过去分词作状语)
，she slipped into the room without being noticed.
4.他等了他的朋友好几个小时，焦急极了。(having done作状语)
，he was as anxious as an ant.
5.为了不引起别人的怀疑，我努力控制自己内心的焦虑和紧张。
，I struggled to control my inner anxiety and nervousness.
Dressed in Santa Claus costume
Having waited for his friend for several hours
Not to arouse others’ doubt
Ⅱ.教材语料积累
词汇 情感描写 passive adj.被动的；顺从的　despair n.绝望 vi.绝望；感到无望complain vi.& vt.抱怨；发牢骚→complaint n.抱怨；投诉　
scared adj.害怕的；对……感到惊慌或恐惧的→scare vt.惊吓；使害怕 vi.受惊吓→scary adj.吓人的；恐怖的　　
tension n.紧张关系；紧张；焦虑→tense adj.紧张的；(尤指肌肉、身体)拉紧的　
in tears 流着泪；含着泪
动作描写 faint vi.昏倒；晕厥　
tend vt.照顾；照料 vi.倾向；趋于　
replace vt.接替；取代；更换　
whisper vi.& vt.悄声说；耳语；低语　
assist vt.帮助；援助　
carry sb through sth帮助某人渡过难关　
trip over被……绊倒
续写语料运用
请从以上语料中选择合适的词汇，完成以下语段。然后核对答案并背诵该语段。
苏珊遭遇车祸，昏迷了。她永久失明了，这使她陷入绝望、抱怨和自怜的世界中。她整天愁眉苦脸，以泪洗面，心如刀割。
Susan was caught in a car accident and 1._________.She was blind forever，throwing her into 2.______________________________________.
All day long she frowned，grieved and was 3.______________，feeling as if a knife were piercing her heart.
fainted
a world of despair，complaint and self-pity
bathed in tears
她的丈夫马克细致入微地照顾她，决定帮助她重获力量和信心，走出如此被动的困境。苏珊的焦虑逐渐被信心代替了。她柔声低语道：“马克，谢谢你。正是你帮我渡过了难关。”
Her husband，Mark,4.___________________________ and 5.__________
________________________________________ and step out of 6.______ ______________.Gradually,7._____________________________________.
She 8._______________，“Mark，thank you.It is you 9._______________
____________________________.”
determined
tended (to) her with great care
Susan’s tension was replaced by confidence
whispered gently
that/who carry
me through the tough situation
to assist her to regain strength and confidence
such a
passive dilemma
Thank You ！

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