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人教版八年级上册英语预习学案
从“输入→练习）→输出→复盘”形成完整预习闭环，题型精准、考点贴合、难度适配，可直用于自主预习、课后巩固、课堂小测。
Unit 3 Same or Different
单元预习目标
1. 掌握描述外貌、性格、能力的形容词/副词及比较级变形，会用词汇对比人物异同
2. 吃透核心语法：形容词、副词比较级规则变化、不规则变化；as…as原级句型
3. 熟记单元重点短语、交际句型，能简单描述自己与朋友的相同与不同
4. 读懂单元对话与阅读文本，初步形成“朋友异同”话题写作思路
第一部分 课前单词预习（音标+词性+变形+汉译）
基础必背单词
1. compare /k m pe (r)/ v. 比较；对比2. outgoing / a tɡ / adj. 外向的 → more outgoing（比较级）3. shy / a / adj. 害羞的 → shyer / more shy4. lazy / le zi/ adj. 懒惰的 → lazier5. loud /la d/ adj. 大声的；loudly adv. 大声地 → louder6. quietly / kwa tli/ adv. 安静地 → quieter（adj.比较级）7. hard-working / hɑ d w k / adj. 勤奋的 → more hard-working8. talented / t l nt d/ adj. 有天赋的 → talent n. 天赋9. fantastic /f n t st k/ adj. 极好的10. clearly / kl li/ adv. 清晰地 → clearer（adj.）11. win /w n/ v. 赢；获胜 → won(过去式) winner n. 获胜者 12. competition / k mp t n/ n. 比赛；竞赛13. though / / conj. 虽然；尽管 adv. 不过14. serious / s ri s/ adj. 严肃的 → more seriously(adv.)15. mirror / m r (r)/ n. 镜子16. necessary / nes s ri/ adj. 必要的17. both /b θ/ pron.&adj. 两者都18. reach /ri t / v. 伸手；到达19. touch /t t / v. 触摸；感动20. truly / tru li/ adv. 真正地 → true adj. 真实的21. similar / s m l (r)/ adj. 相像的；类似的22. share / e (r)/ v. 分享；共享23. information / nf me n/ n. 信息（不可数）24. perform /p f m/ v. 表演 → performer n. 表演者25. prize /pra z/ n. 奖品；奖项
词形变换自测（预习填空）
1. outgoing(比较级)________2. loud(副词)________；(比较级)________3. clear(副词)________4. win(名词，获胜者)________5. talent(形容词)________ 6. serious(副词比较级)________7. true(副词)________8. quiet(副词)________9. hard-working(比较级)________10. perform(名词“表演者”)________
第二部分 单元核心短语（背诵+默写）
1. same or different 相同还是不同2. be different from 与……不同3. the same as 和……相同4. be similar to 与……相像5. as…as… 和……一样（原级比较）6. more outgoing than 比……更外向7. the singing competition 歌唱比赛8. congratulations on… 祝贺……9. care about 关心；在意10. bring out 使显现；激发出 11. get better grades 取得更好的成绩12. reach for one’s hand 伸手帮助某人13. touch one’s heart 触动某人内心14. in fact 事实上；实际上15. as long as 只要；既然16. both…and… ……和……两者都17. be talented in 在……方面有天赋18. primary school 小学19. have a lot in common 有很多共同之处20. make sb. do sth. 让某人做某事
短语汉译自测
1. 与……不同 ____________
2. 和……一样 ____________
3. 关心；在意 ____________
4. 事实上 ____________
5. 两者都 ____________
6. 在……有天赋 ____________
7. 取得更好成绩 ____________
8. 使显现；激发 ____________
第三部分 重点句型预习（熟读翻译，划出比较级）
1. How are we different from each other 我们彼此有什么不同？
2. Which one is more hard-working, Ella or Emma v埃拉和艾玛谁更勤奋？
3. She sings as loudly as her sister. 她唱歌和她姐姐一样大声。
4. I don’t think friends need to be the same.我认为朋友不必一模一样。
5. A good friend brings out the best in you.好朋友能激发出你最好的一面。
6. Though we are different, we still get on well.虽然我们不一样，但我们依然相处很好。
7. It’s not necessary for friends to be similar.朋友之间不必相像。
8. My best friend is similar to me. We both like reading.我最好的朋友和我很像，我们俩都喜欢阅读。
第四部分 核心语法预习：形容词&副词比较级
一、用法
两者人/事物对比，表“更……”，标志词 than
二、规则变化
1. 一般直接+er：tall→taller；fast→faster
2. e结尾只+r：nice→nicer；late→later
3. 重读闭音节（辅+元+辅）双写尾字母+er：thin→thinner；big→bigger；hot→hotter
4. 多音节词/部分双音节词前加more：outgoing→more outgoing；serious→more serious；quietly→more quietly
三、不规则变化（必背）
good/well → better
bad/badly → worse
many/much → more
little → less
far → farther/further
四、两大核心句型
1. 原级 as…as（和……一样）
肯定：A + be/实义动词 + as 原级 as B 例：He is as tall as me. 他和我一样高。
否定：not as/so 原级 as（不如……） 例：She doesn’t run as fast as Tom. 她跑得不如汤姆快。
2. 比较级选择问句
Which/Who + be + 比较级, A or B 例：Who is more outgoing, Lucy or Lily
第五部分 课文预习思考题
Section A（听力对话）
1. 文中从哪三方面对比人物？外貌、性格、能力
2. Congratulations on winning the prize 中on后接什么形式？
Section B（阅读2a-2e 友谊观点短文）
1. 文中三位作者对“朋友是否该相同”分别持什么观点？
① Jeff：朋友应该一样，好友像镜子
② Huang Lei：朋友可以不同，能互相学习
③ Mary：相同或不同都没关系
2. 划出文中所有比较级句子，翻译
3. 翻译句子：It’s not important to be the same.
第六部分 预习基础小测
一、单项选择
（ ）1. My brother is more outgoing ____ me.
A. as B. than C. to
（ ）2. —Who is ____, Tina or Tara —Tara. She talks more.
A. outgoing B. more outgoing C. most outgoing
（ ）3. I don’t run ____ fast as my deskmate.
A. so B. very C. much
（ ）4. Both Lily and Lucy ____ good at dancing.
A. is B. are C. am
（ ）5. A true friend can bring ____ the best in you.
A. up B. out C. in
二、根据汉语完成句子
1. 我的朋友和我不一样。 My friend is ________ ________ me.
2. 汤姆和山姆一样勤奋。 Tom works ________ ________ ________ Sam.
3. 好朋友会关心你。 A good friend can ________ ________ you.
4. 虽然他很安静，但我们是好朋友。________ he is quiet, we are good friends.
第七部分 单元写作预习（话题：My best friend）
写作框架（80词左右）
1. 开头：介绍好友名字，总体说我们有相同也有不同
2. 相同点（both句型）：爱好、性格共同点
3. 不同点（比较级）：外貌、学习、特长对比
4. 结尾：我的观点，朋友不必完全一样
万能写作句型
1. My best friend is… We have something in common.
2. We both like…
3. He is taller/more hard-working than me.
4. Though we are different, we learn from each other.
5. I think it’s OK if friends are not the same.
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
第八部分语法填空专题（分层训练）
说明：全部为Unit3核心考点，分为基础过关、进阶提升、真题模拟三层，题型适配中考语法填空，每道题考查比较级、原级、不规则变形、as…as句型。
层级一：基础过关（单句语法填空，每题必练）
用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空
1. This room is ________ (big) than that one.
2. Linda is ________ (outgoing) than her sister.
3. My father works as ________ (hard) as my uncle.
4. He sings ________ (well) than before.
5. This story is ________ (funny) than the last one.
6. She doesn’t run as ________ (fast) as her brother.
7. Tom is ________ (lazy) than Mike, so he gets worse grades.
8. Lucy speaks English ________ (clearly) than Lily.
9. It is ________ (necessary) to keep healthy than to have much money.
10. He is ________ (serious) than most kids in his class.
层级二：进阶提升（易错考点专项）
聚焦不规则比较级、多音节词、否定原级、both用法高频易错点
1. The weather today is ________ (bad) than yesterday.
2. I have ________ (much) books than my deskmate.
3. He has ________ (little) time to play than me.
4. This movie is ________ (fantastic) than that one.
5. Playing sports is ________ (important) than watching TV.
6. She is not as ________ (talented) as her sister in dancing.
7. Both my mother and my aunt ________ (be) hard-working.
8. True friendship is ________ (valuable) than money.
9. He listens to teachers ________ (carefully) than we do.
10. A good friend can make you ________ (be) better.
层级三：真题模拟（短文语法填空，中考题型）
阅读短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或用所给词的适当形式填空
I have two good friends, Anna and Gina. Anna is ________ (1. tall) than Gina, but Gina runs ________ (2. fast) than Anna. They are different but they are both ________ (3. hard-working).
Anna is ________ (4. outgoing) than Gina. She talks more and makes more friends. However, Gina is ________ (5. quiet) and she studies ________ (6. carefully) than Anna. She always gets ________ (7. good) grades.
I think friends don’t need to be the same. ________ (8. though) we have many differences, we learn from each other. No one is ________ (9. perfect) than others. We become ________ (10. good) when we stay together.
全模块习题答案
第一部分 词形变换自测（1–10）
1. more outgoing 2. loudly; louder 3. clearly 4. winner 5. talented 6. more seriously
7. truly 8. quietly 9. more hard-working 10. performer
第二部分 短语汉译自测
1. be different from 2. the same as 3. care about 4. in fact 5. both…and… 6. be talented in
7. get better grades 8. bring out
第四部分 课文预习小练习
1. faster 2. more interesting 3. well 4. more hard-working 5. quieter
第六部分 预习基础小测
（一）单项选择
1. B 2. B 3. A 4. B 5. B
（二）根据汉语完成句子
1. different from 2. as hard as 3. care about 4. Though
第七部分 单元话题写作范文（My best friend）
I have a best friend named Lucy. We have a lot in common, but we are also different in some ways.
We both like reading books and listening to music. We often study and relax together. However, we have some differences. Lucy is more outgoing than me, and she talks more in class. I am quieter and I work harder at study. I always get better grades than her.
Though we are not the same, we learn from each other every day. A good friend brings out the best in you. I think it’s not necessary for friends to be exactly the same. True friendship can last long with differences.
第八部分 语法填空专项训练答案
层级一：基础过关
1. bigger 2. more outgoing 3. hard 4. better 5. funnier 6. fast 7. lazier
8. more clearly 9. more necessary 10. more serious
层级二：进阶提升
1. worse 2. more 3. less 4. more fantastic 5. more important 6. talented 7. are
8. more valuable 9. more carefully 10. be
层级三：真题模拟短文填空
1. taller 2. faster 3. hard-working 4. more outgoing 5. quieter 6. more carefully
7. better 8. Though 9. more perfect 10. better
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