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九年级英语（外研版）衔接必备
七八年级核心考点精讲精练
专题五 形容词与副词：三级比较与易混辨析
【教材出处】
七上 Unit 2 More than fun：形容词作定语、表语的基本用法
七下 Unit 3 Food matters：副词的分类与基本用法
七下 Unit 5 Amazing nature：形容词变副词的规则（+ly）
八上 Unit 1 This is me：形容词比较级的基本句型
八上 Unit 2 Getting along：形容词最高级的基本句型
八下 Unit 3 What makes a great team ：比较级的修饰语（much/far/even/a little）
八下 Unit 6 Living with nature：同级比较（as…as）
【考点精讲】
考点一 形容词的句法功能
形容词修饰名词 / 代词，描述人或事物特征、性质、状态，在句中可作定语、表语、宾语补足语。
一、作定语
置于名词前修饰名词。
She is a beautiful girl.
I live in a big city.
This is an interesting book.
特殊规则：修饰复合不定代词（something/anything/nothing 等）时，形容词后置。
正确：I have something important to tell you.
错误：I have important something to tell you.
二、作表语
放在系动词后，说明主语状态。
常见系动词分类：
be 动词：am/is/are/was/were
感官系动词：feel, look, smell, taste, sound
变化系动词：become, get, turn
持续系动词：keep, stay
例句：
The flowers are very beautiful.
This food tastes delicious.
He feels happy today.
特殊规则：a - 开头形容词（afraid, asleep, awake, alive, alone）一般只作表语，不作前置定语。
正确：The baby is asleep.（表语）
错误：an asleep baby → 改为 a sleeping baby
三、作宾语补足语
放在宾语后，补充说明宾语状态。
The news made him happy.
We should keep our classroom clean.
I found the story very interesting.
考点二 副词的分类与句法功能
副词修饰动词、形容词、其他副词或整个句子，表时间、地点、程度、方式、频率等。
一、副词分类表
类别 含义 例词
时间副词 表时间 now, then, today, yesterday, soon, already, yet, ever, never
地点副词 表地点、位置 here, there, home, outside, inside, upstairs, downstairs
程度副词 表程度 very, quite, too, enough, almost, nearly, much, so
方式副词 表动作方式 carefully, quickly, slowly, well, hard, fast
频度副词 表动作发生频率 always, usually, often, sometimes, never, ever, seldom, hardly
二、副词作状语（核心用法）
修饰动词：She runs quickly.（修饰 runs）
修饰形容词：It is very cold today.（修饰 cold）
修饰其他副词：He runs quite fast.（修饰 fast）
修饰整个句子：Luckily, he passed the exam.
三、频度副词固定位置
be 动词后：She is always late.
实义动词前：He often goes to school by bike.
助动词与实义动词中间：I have never been to Beijing.
补充：sometimes/usually/often 可放句首 / 句末表强调
Sometimes I go to school by bus.
I go to school by bus sometimes.
考点三 形容词变副词的构成规则
多数副词由形容词 + ly 构成：
变化情况 规则 例词
一般形容词 直接加 - ly quick→quickly；careful→carefully；slow→slowly
辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i，再加 - ly happy→happily；easy→easily；busy→busily
-le 结尾 去 e 变 y（-le→-ly） terrible→terribly；possible→possibly；comfortable→comfortably
-ic 结尾（拓展） 加 - ally basic→basically；scientific→scientifically
形副同形 无需变形 hard, fast, early, late
特殊不规则变化 单独记忆 good→well
易错点：以下以 - ly 结尾的词是形容词，不可作副词
friendly、lovely、lonely、lively、daily、weekly、monthly
考点四 比较级与最高级
一、规则变化 & 不规则变化
1. 规则变形
单词结尾特征 比较级 最高级 例词
一般单词 + -er + -est tall→taller→tallest
不发音 e 结尾 + -r + -st nice→nicer→nicest
辅音 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i+er 变 y 为 i+est happy→happier→happiest
重读闭音节（辅 + 元 + 辅） 双写尾辅音 + er 双写尾辅音 + est big→bigger→biggest；hot→hotter→hottest
多音节 / 部分双音节词 前加 more 前加 most beautiful→more beautiful→most beautiful
2. 不规则变形
原级 比较级 最高级
good / well better best
bad / badly worse worst
many / much more most
little less least
far farther / further farthest / furthest
old older / elder oldest / eldest
elder/eldest 专项区分：仅用于家庭成员长幼排序，不能搭配 than 比较
正确：my elder brother 我的哥哥
错误：He is elder than me. → 正确：He is older than me.
二、原级比较句型（两者程度相同 / 不同）
肯定：as + 原级 + as 和…… 一样
Tom is as tall as Jerry.
She runs as fast as her brother.
否定：not as/so + 原级 + as 不如……
Tom is not as tall as Jerry.
She doesn’t run so fast as her brother.
as + 原级 + as possible 尽可能……
Please finish the work as soon as possible.
She runs as fast as possible to catch the bus.
三、比较级核心句型（两者对比）
比较级 + than 比…… 更……
Tom is taller than Jerry.
This book is more interesting than that one.
比较级 + and + 比较级 越来越……
It’s getting warmer and warmer.
She is becoming more and more beautiful.
The + 比较级，the + 比较级 越……，越……
The more you practice, the better you will become.
The harder you study, the more progress you will make.
The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes you will make.
四、最高级核心句型（三者及以上对比）
the + 最高级 + 范围（in/of/among）
Tom is the tallest in his class.
This is the most beautiful park in the city.
She is the best student among all the girls.
one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 最…… 之一
She is one of the most hard-working students in our class.
This is one of the most interesting books I have ever read.
冠词规则：形容词最高级前必须加 the；副词最高级前 the 可省略
She is the most beautiful girl in her class.（形容词最高级，the 不可省）
Among all the students, she runs (the) fastest.（副词最高级，the 可省）
五、比较级修饰词（限定可修饰 / 不可修饰词汇）
修饰词 含义 例句
much / far …… 得多 She is much taller than me.
even 甚至更 It is even colder today.
a little / a bit 一点儿 I feel a little better.
a lot …… 得多 He runs a lot faster.
still 仍旧更 He is still taller.
禁止修饰比较级：very、quite、too，三者只能修饰原级
very tall、quite beautiful、too hot（正确）
very taller（错误）
考点五 易混副词辨析
词组 词义区分 例句
hard / hardly hard 努力地；hardly 几乎不 He works hard. 他努力工作。
He hardly works. 他几乎不工作。
late / lately late 迟、晚；lately 最近 He arrived late. 他迟到了。
I haven’t seen him lately. 我最近没见过他。
near / nearly near 在附近；nearly 几乎 He lives near here. 他住在附近。
He is nearly 13. 他快 13 岁了。
most / mostly most 最；mostly 主要地 She is the most beautiful. 她最美。
The students are mostly from Beijing. 学生大多来自北京。
deep / deeply deep 深（具象空间）；deeply 深深地（抽象情感） He dug deep. 他挖得很深。
She was deeply interested in the story. 她对这个故事深有兴趣。
【高频失分点】
失分点 1：形容词、副词句法混淆
判定标准：修饰名词 / 系动词后用形容词；修饰实义动词、形容词、副词用副词
错：She sings beautiful.（sings 实义动词，改用副词 beautifully）
对：She sings beautifully.
错：He is a carefully student.（student 名词，改用形容词 careful）
对：He is a careful student.
失分点 2：-ly 结尾形容词误判为副词
friendly/lovely/lonely/lively/daily 等是形容词，不能直接修饰动词
错：She smiled friendly to me.
改法 1：She gave me a friendly smile.
改法 2：She smiled in a friendly way to me.
失分点 3：比较级修饰词误用
very/quite/too 不能修饰比较级；much/far/even/a little/a lot 才可修饰
错：She is very taller than me.
对：She is much taller than me.
失分点 4：最高级冠词遗漏 / 多余
形容词最高级必须加 the；副词最高级 the 可省略
错：She is most beautiful girl in her class.
对：She is the most beautiful girl in her class.
失分点 5：易混副词词义逻辑错误
hard（努力）和 hardly（几乎不）句意完全相反，需结合语境判断
错：He hardly works, so he makes great progress.（逻辑矛盾）
对：He works hard, so he makes great progress.
失分点 6：比较对象不一致
比较级中前后比较事物类别要统一，不可人 / 物、地点 / 天气混用；不可数名词用 that 替代，可数复数用 those 替代
错：The weather in Beijing is colder than Guangzhou.（天气 vs 城市，不匹配）
对：The weather in Beijing is colder than that in Guangzhou.（that 指代 the weather）
【九年级衔接预览】
九上 Unit 4 Heroes：大量使用形容词三级比较描述、对比人物品质与成就；
九上 Unit 5 A fine balance：写作中频繁运用比较结构分析事物利弊。
复习核心：形副句法区分、三级比较变形与句型、比较级修饰词、易混副词辨析。
三级过关精练
过关一 基础达标
一、用所给词适当形式填空
She sings very ________ (beautiful).
He is ________ (tall) than his brother.
This movie is ________ (interesting) than that one.
She runs ________ (fast) in her class.
Please speak ________ (loud) so that everyone can hear you.
He felt ________ (happy) than before.
Among all the students, she is ________ (careful).
The weather is getting ________ (warm) and ________ (warm).
She is ________ (good) at English than me.
I feel ________ (terrible) sorry for what I said.
二、单项选择
She is ________ girl in her class.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful
He works ________ , so he always gets good grades.
A. hard B. hardly C. harder D. hardest
This book is ________ than that one.
A. very interesting B. much interesting C. much more interesting D. more much interesting
I don’t like this movie. It’s ________ that one.
A. as interesting as B. not as interesting as C. interesting than D. more interesting than
She speaks English ________ .
A. good B. well C. nice D. fine
The weather today is ________ than yesterday.
A. very cold B. more colder C. much colder D. quite cold
He is ________ boy in his family.
A. old B. older C. eldest D. the eldest
She is ________ to everyone.
A. friend B. friends C. friendly D. friendship
The ________ you practice, the ________ you will become.
A. more; good B. much; better C. more; better D. most; best
Please finish your homework ________ .
A. as quick as possible B. as quickly as possible C. so quick as possible D. so quickly as possible
过关二 能力提升
三、用所给词适当形式填空
Among the three girls, she is ________ (outgoing).
The old man lives ________ (happy) in the countryside.
I feel ________ (well) today than yesterday.
She is ________ (lazy) student in her class.
He speaks Chinese ________ (fluent) now than before.
四、单项选择
The weather in the north is colder than ________ in the south.
A. it B. that C. this D. one
She is ________ taller than her sister.
A. very B. quite C. much D. too
He is ________ enough to carry the heavy box.
A. strong B. strongly C. more strong D. most strong
She is ________ than her mother.
A. more tall B. taller C. most tall D. tallest
He was ________ tired that he fell asleep quickly.
A. very B. too C. so D. such
The weather is getting ________ .
A. cold and cold B. colder and colder C. more and more cold D. most cold
She is one of ________ girls in our class.
A. beautiful B. more beautiful C. most beautiful D. the most beautiful
He can speak ________ English.
A. a few B. a little C. few D. little
She looked ________ at the good news.
A. happy B. happily C. happier D. more happily
He runs ________ than me.
A. very fast B. quite fast C. much faster D. more faster
过关三 综合突破
短文填空：填入适当词或括号内单词正确形式
Do you know that plants are ________ 36 (important) than we think They are not just ________ 37 (beautiful) things to look at. They also help us in many ways.
Trees are ________ 38 (tall) and ________ 39 (old) living things on Earth. Some trees are ________ 40 (old) than 1,000 years. They are also ________ 41 (big) than many buildings. But plants come in all sizes. Some are very small, ________42(especially) moss（苔藓）, which grows ________ 43 (slow) but can live in very cold places.
Plants are very ________ 44 (use). They give us food, clean air and medicine. Without plants, life would be much ________ 45 (difficult) for us.
参考答案与解析
过关一 基础达标
一、词形填空
beautifully 修饰动词 sings，用副词
taller than 提示用比较级
more interesting 多音节形容词比较级加 more
(the) fastest in class 为最高级范围，副词最高级 the 可省略
loudly 修饰实义动词 speak，用副词
happier happy 辅音 + y，变 i+er
the most careful among 三者以上，多音节词最高级加 most，形容词最高级加 the
warmer；warmer 比较级 + and + 比较级，表 “越来越……”
better good 不规则比较级
terribly 修饰形容词 sorry，用副词
二、单项选择
D in her class 表三者以上，形容词最高级必须加 the
A hard “努力地”；hardly “几乎不”，无比较对象不用比较级
C interesting 多音节词比较级 more interesting，much 可修饰比较级
B 前文 don’t like 提示 “不如…… 有趣”，否定同级比较用 not as…as
B 修饰动词 speak 用副词 well；good/nice/fine 均为形容词
C than 用比较级 colder，much 修饰比较级；more 不能叠加在 colder 前
D in family 为最高级范围，eldest 表家庭成员长幼，形容词最高级加 the
C 固定搭配 be friendly to sb. 对某人友好
C 固定结构 the + 比较级，the + 比较级
B 修饰动词 finish 用副词 quickly；as…as 用于肯定句，so…as 仅用于否定句
过关二 能力提升
三、词形填空
the most outgoing among three girls 三者以上，多音节形容词最高级加 the most
happily 修饰动词 lives，副词作状语
better well 不规则比较级
the laziest in class 最高级范围，lazy 变 y 为 i+est，加 the
more fluently than 提示副词比较级，多音节副词加 more
四、单项选择
B that 指代不可数名词 weather，避免重复；it 指代同一事物，one 指代可数单数
C much 可修饰比较级；very/quite/too 只能修饰原级
A enough 修饰形容词放其后，此处作表语用形容词 strong
B than 用比较级 taller，more tall 为错误变形
C so…that… 固定句型：如此…… 以至于……；too 搭配 to，such 修饰名词
B 单音节形容词 “越来越……” 直接比较级叠加 colder and colder
D one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 固定结构
B English 不可数名词，a little 表肯定含义 “一点”；a few/few 修饰可数名词，little 表否定
A look 此处为系动词，后接形容词 happy 作表语，无比较对象不用比较级 / 副词
C much 修饰比较级 faster；more faster 变形错误
过关三 综合突破 语篇填空
more important than 提示比较级，多音节词加 more
beautiful 修饰名词 things，用形容词作定语
the tallest on Earth 是大范围，形容词最高级加 the
the oldest 同上文，最高级 the oldest
older than 提示比较级
bigger big 重读闭音节，双写 g+er
especially 副词，修饰整个句子，意为 “尤其是”
slowly 修饰动词 grows，副词作状语
useful 系动词 are 后用形容词作表语，use 变形容词 useful
more difficult much 修饰比较级，多音节形容词加 more

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