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外研版九年级上册英语·Unit 4: Heroes
知识清单（背诵版）
目录
一、核心词汇与变形考点 2
二、重点短语搭配 3
三、语法精讲：who引导的定语从句 4
1. 基本概念 4
2. who作主语 4
3. who作宾语（可省略） 4
4. whose的用法（指人/物） 5
四、语法检测题 5
（一）用适当关系词填空 5
（二）选择题 5
五、写作指导 6
写作框架： 7
高分句式： 7
参考范文 8
一、核心词汇与变形考点
单词 词性 考点变形 常见搭配
hero n. 英雄 heroes（复数） / heroic（adj. 英雄的） national hero民族英雄 / war hero战争英雄
lead v. 领导 leader（n. 领导者） / leadership（n. 领导力） lead the way带路 / lead to导致
honour n./v. 尊敬 honourable（adj. 可敬的） in honour of为了纪念 / honour sb with授予
sacrifice v./n. 牺牲 sacrificial（adj. 牺牲的） sacrifice one's life牺牲生命 / make sacrifices做牺牲
courage n. 勇气 courageous（adj. 勇敢的） show courage展现勇气 / lose courage失去勇气
freedom n. 自由 free（adj. 自由的） fight for freedom为自由而战 / freedom of speech言论自由
peace n. 和平 peaceful（adj. 和平的） / peacefully（adv. 和平地） world peace世界和平 / live in peace和平生活
devote v. 奉献 devotion（n. 奉献） / devoted（adj. 忠诚的） devote oneself to致力于 / be devoted to专心于
survive v. 生存 survival（n. 生存） / survivor（n. 幸存者） survive the war在战争中幸存
achievement n. 成就 achieve（v. 达到） / achievable（adj. 可实现的） great achievement伟大成就 / scientific achievement科学成就
contribution n. 贡献 contribute（v. 贡献） make contributions to为做贡献
develop v. 发展 development（n. 发展） / developed（adj. 发达的） develop technology发展技术
invent v. 发明 invention（n. 发明） / inventor（n. 发明家） invent a new machine发明新机器
improve v. 改进 improvement（n. 改进） improve skills提高技能 / improve health改善健康
produce v. 生产 production（n. 生产） / product（n. 产品） produce crops生产农作物 / mass production大规模生产
prevent v. 预防 prevention（n. 预防） prevent disease预防疾病 / prevent...from...阻止
increase v./n. 增加 increasingly（adv. 日益） increase production增加产量 / on the increase正在增加
reduce v. 减少 reduction（n. 减少） reduce poverty减少贫困 / reduce costs降低成本
escape v. 逃跑 — escape from逃离 / narrow escape死里逃生
arrest v./n. 逮捕 — arrest sb for+具体原因因逮捕某人
sentence v./n. 判决 — sentence sb to+具体刑罚判处某人 / serve a sentence服刑
launch v. 发射 — launch a satellite发射卫星 / launch a campaign发起运动
operation n. 手术 operate（v. 操作 / 手术） perform an operation做手术
treat v. 治疗 treatment（n. 治疗） treat patients治疗病人 / treat sb as把某人当作
patient n. 病人 patience（n. 耐心） / patient（adj. 耐心的） be patient with+sb.对有耐心
revolution n. 革命 revolutionary（adj. 革命的） the Communist Revolution共产主义革命
medal n. 奖牌 — gold medal金牌 / win a medal获奖牌
admire v. 钦佩 admiration（n. 钦佩） / admirable（adj. 令人钦佩的） admire sb for因钦佩某人
respect v./n. 尊敬 respectful（adj. 恭敬的） / respectable（adj. 值得尊敬的） show respect for尊敬 / respect sb尊敬某人
brave adj. 勇敢的 bravely（adv. 勇敢地） / bravery（n. 勇敢） brave soldier勇敢的士兵 / brave heart勇敢的心
补充易错点：
hero的复数是heroes，不是heros
devote后接to doing，不接to do
lead to表示导致，to是介词，后接名词或动名词
二、重点短语搭配
短语 含义 例句
look up to 尊敬；仰望 Children usually look up to their parents.孩子们通常尊敬父母。
bring up 抚养；提出 She was brought up by her grandmother.她由祖母抚养长大。
make a difference 有影响 Everyone can make a difference in the world.每个人都能对世界产生影响。
come across 偶然遇见 I came across an old friend yesterday.我昨天偶然遇见了一位老朋友。
devote oneself to 致力于 He devoted himself to helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。
in memory of 为了纪念 The statue was built in memory of the hero.建造雕像来纪念英雄。
lose one's life 牺牲 Many soldiers lost their lives in the war.许多士兵在战争中牺牲。
lead to 导致 Hard work leads to success.努力工作导致成功。
as a result 结果 He worked hard. As a result, he passed the exam.他努力学习，结果通过了考试。
fight for 为...而战 They fought for freedom and independence.他们为自由和独立而战。
set an example 树立榜样 Good teachers set a good example for students.好老师为学生树立好榜样。
in honour of 向...表示敬意 The ceremony was held in honour of the national hero.举行仪式向民族英雄致敬。
pay tribute to 向...致敬 We pay tribute to those who sacrificed their lives.我们向牺牲的人致敬。
work out 解决 Let's work out this problem together.让我们一起解决这个问题。
grow up 长大成人 I want to be a doctor when I grow up.我长大后想当医生。
三、语法精讲：who引导的定语从句
1. 基本概念
定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2. who作主语
结构：先行词 + who + 动词 + 其他
The teacher who teaches us English is from Beijing.教我们英语的老师来自北京。
The hero who fought for our country is respected.为国家战斗的英雄受到尊敬。
3. who作宾语（可省略）
The girl (who) I saw yesterday is Mary is sister.我昨天看到的那个女孩是玛丽的妹妹。
4. whose的用法（指人/物）
whose表示某人的/某物的，在从句中作定语。
The boy whose father is a doctor studies very hard.父亲是医生的男孩学习很努力。
四、语法检测题
（一）用适当关系词填空
1. The teacher _____ teaches us English is from Beijing.
2. The girl _____ I saw yesterday is Mary’s sister.
3. The boy _____ father is a doctor studies very hard.
4. The heroes _____ fought for our country are respected.
5. Anyone _____ breaks the law should be punished.
6. The doctor _____ saved the patient is life was praised.
7. The girl _____ hair is long is my classmate.
8. The children _____ parents work overseas live with grandparents.
9. The scientist _____ we are proud was awarded a medal.
10. Do you know the person _____ is standing at the door
（二）选择题
11. The man _____ saved many people is a hero.
12. The girl _____ name is Li Mei is my friend.
13. The doctor _____ I visited yesterday is kind.
14. The students _____ won the competition are clever.
15. The woman _____ teaches math is a teacher.
答案及解析
1. who/that — who在从句中作主语
2. who(m)/that/ — who在从句中作宾语，可省略
3. whose — whose表示所有关系
4. who/that — who在从句中作主语
5. who/that — 先行词是不定代词anyone
6. who/that — who在从句中作主语
7. whose — whose作定语修饰hair
8. whose — whose表示所有关系
9. who(m)/that/ — who在从句中作宾语
10. who/that — who在从句中作主语
11. who/that — The man who/that saved many people is a hero.
12. whose — The girl whose name is Li Mei is my friend.
13. who(m)/that/ — The doctor who(m)/that I visited yesterday is kind.
14. who/that — The students who/that won the competition are clever.
15. who/that — The woman who/that teaches math is a teacher.
区分口诀：
who：指人，作主语/宾语；
whom：指人，作宾语（正式）；
whose：表所属，作定语。
五、写作指导
本单元写作任务：写一篇人物传记
写作框架：
段落 内容 句型模板
第一段 基本信息：姓名、身份、时代 ...was a famous...who... / Born in..., ...became known for...
第二段 主要事迹和成就 He/She... / During his/her lifetime... / It was said that...
第三段 精神品质和后世影响 ...was admired for... / He/She will always be remembered for...
常用句型模板：
引入人物：
...was one of the greatest heroes in Chinese history.……是中国历史上最伟大的英雄之一。
Today, I would like to introduce you to a great hero - .
..今天，我想向大家介绍一位伟大的英雄——……
Born into a poor family, ... became a national hero.出身贫寒……最终成为了民族英雄。
描述事迹：
He/She spent his/her whole life doing...他/她穷尽一生去做……
During the war, he/she showed great courage and bravery.
战争期间，他/她展现出非凡的胆识与勇气。
He/She was so dedicated that he/she never gave up.
他/她十分执着，从未轻言放弃。
表达评价：
He/She is remembered as a national hero who...他/她被铭记为一位……的民族英雄
His/Her heroic spirit encouraged many people to...他/她的英雄气概鼓舞了许多人去……
He/She will always live on in our hearts.他/她将永远活在我们心中。
高分句式：
1. 使用who引导的定语从句：
Yuan Longping, who developed hybrid rice, is considered a hero in China.
培育出杂交水稻的袁隆平，在中国被视作英雄。
2. 使用so...that结果句：
He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice.
他付出了巨大努力，成功培育出杂交水稻。
3. 使用with复合结构：
With his dedication and hard work, he changed the lives of millions.
凭借自身的奉献与不懈努力，他改变了数百万人的命运。
4. 使用倒装句：
Never did he give up, even in the most difficult times.即便身处最艰难的时期，他也从未放弃。
5. 使用过去进行时：
While she was fighting on the battlefield, she never thought of herself.
她在战场上浴血奋战之时，从未顾及过自身安危。
参考范文
写作题目：假如你是李明，你想向同学们介绍一位你钦佩的英雄。请根据以下提示，写一篇100词左右的介绍。
满分范文
A Hero I Admire
Do you know Yuan Longping He is a great scientist who developed hybrid rice. Born into a poor family, he devoted his whole life to solving the food problem in China. He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice, which helped feed millions of people. During his lifetime, he never gave up, even in the most difficult times. He is remembered as a national hero who changed the world with his dedication. His heroic spirit has encouraged many young people to work hard for their dreams. He will always live on in our hearts.
亮点分析语法亮点：
who引导的定语从句："He is a great scientist who developed hybrid rice." (修饰人)
who引导的定语从句："He is remembered as a national hero who changed the world." (修饰人)
so...that结果句："He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice."
词汇亮点：
devote one's life to (致力于)
be remembered as (被铭记为)
heroic spirit (英雄精神)
live on (永存)
结构亮点：开头引入人物，设置悬念→中间介绍背景、事迹和成就，内容充实→结尾总结评价并表达敬意，首尾呼应。/ 让教学更有效 高效备考 | 英语学科
外研版九年级上册英语·Unit 4: Heroes
知识清单（默写版）
一、核心词汇与变形考点
单词 词性 考点变形 常见搭配
hero n. 英雄 ________（复数） / ________ （adj. 英雄的） ________民族英雄 / ________ 战争英雄
lead v. 领导 ________（n. 领导者） / ________ （n. 领导力） ________带路 / ________ 导致
honour n./v. 尊敬 ________（adj. 可敬的） ________为了纪念 / ________ 授予
sacrifice v./n. 牺牲 ________（adj. 牺牲的） ________牺牲生命 / ________ 做牺牲
courage n. 勇气 ________（adj. 勇敢的） ________展现勇气 / ________失去勇气
freedom n. 自由 ________（adj. 自由的） ________为自由而战 / ________言论自由
peace n. 和平 ________（adj. 和平的） / ________（adv. 和平地） ________世界和平 / ________和平生活
devote v. 奉献 ________（n. 奉献） / ________ （adj. 忠诚的） ________致力于 / ________ 专心于
survive v. 生存 ________（n. 生存） / ________ （n. 幸存者） ________在战争中幸存
achievement n. 成就 ________（v. 达到） / ________ （adj. 可实现的） ________伟大成就 / ________科学成就
contribution n. 贡献 ________（v. 贡献） ________为做贡献
develop v. 发展 ________（n. 发展） / ________ （adj. 发达的） ________发展技术
invent v. 发明 ________（n. 发明） /________ （n. 发明家） ________发明新机器
improve v. 改进 ________（n. 改进） ________提高技能 / ________ 改善健康
produce v. 生产 ________（n. 生产） / ________ （n. 产品） ________生产农作物 / ________ 大规模生产
prevent v. 预防 ________（n. 预防） ________预防疾病 / ________ 阻止
increase v./n. 增加 ________（adv. 日益） ________增加产量 / ________ 正在增加
reduce v. 减少 ________（n. 减少） ________减少贫困 / ________ 降低成本
escape v. 逃跑 — ________逃离 / ________ 死里逃生
arrest v./n. 逮捕 — ________因逮捕某人
sentence v./n. 判决 — ________判处某人 / ________服刑
launch v. 发射 — ________发射卫星 / ________ 发起运动
operation n. 手术 operate（v. 操作 / 手术） ________做手术
treat v. 治疗 ________（n. 治疗） ________治疗病人 / ________ 把某人当作
patient n. 病人 ________（n. 耐心） / ________ （adj. 耐心的） ________对有耐心
revolution n. 革命 （adj. 革命的） ________共产主义革命
medal n. 奖牌 — ________金牌 / ________ 获奖牌
admire v. 钦佩 ________（n. 钦佩） / ________ （adj. 令人钦佩的） ________因钦佩某人
respect v./n. 尊敬 ________（adj. 恭敬的） / ________ （adj. 值得尊敬的） ________尊敬 / ________ 尊敬某人
brave adj. 勇敢的 ________（adv. 勇敢地） / ________ （n. 勇敢） ________勇敢的士兵 / ________ 勇敢的心
补充易错点：
hero的复数是heroes，不是heros
devote后接to doing，不接to do
lead to表示导致，to是介词，后接名词或动名词
二、重点短语搭配
短语 含义 例句
look up to 尊敬；仰望 Children usually ________ their parents.孩子们通常尊敬父母。
bring up 抚养；提出 She was brought ________ by her grandmother.她由祖母抚养长大。
make a difference 有影响 Everyone can ________ in the world.每个人都能对世界产生影响。
come across 偶然遇见 I came ________ an old friend yesterday.我昨天偶然遇见了一位老朋友。
devote oneself to 致力于 He ________ himself ________ helping the poor.他致力于帮助穷人。
in memory of 为了纪念 The statue was built ________ the hero.建造雕像来纪念英雄。
lose one's life 牺牲 Many soldiers lost their lives in the war.许多士兵在战争中牺牲。
lead to 导致 Hard work ___________ success.努力工作导致成功。
as a result 结果 He worked hard. ________ , he passed the exam.他努力学习，结果通过了考试。
fight for 为...而战 They fought ________ freedom and independence.他们为自由和独立而战。
set an example 树立榜样 Good teachers set a good ________ for students.好老师为学生树立好榜样。
in honour of 向...表示敬意 The ceremony was held ________ the national hero.举行仪式向民族英雄致敬。
pay tribute to 向...致敬 We ________________ those who sacrificed their lives.我们向牺牲的人致敬。
work out 解决 Let's ________________ this problem together.让我们一起解决这个问题。
grow up 长大成人 I want to be a doctor when I ________ .我长大后想当医生。
三、语法精讲：who引导的定语从句
1. 基本概念
定语从句：在句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句。被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
2. who作主语
结构：先行词 + who + 动词 + 其他
The teacher ________teaches us English is from Beijing.教我们英语的老师来自北京。
The hero ________ fought for our country is respected.为国家战斗的英雄受到尊敬。
3. who作宾语（可省略）
The girl (________ ) I saw yesterday is Mary is sister.我昨天看到的那个女孩是玛丽的妹妹。
4. whose的用法（指人/物）
表示某人的/某物的，在从句中作定语。
The boy ________ father is a doctor studies very hard.父亲是医生的男孩学习很努力。
四、语法检测题
（一）用适当关系词填空
1. The teacher _____ teaches us English is from Beijing.
2. The girl _____ I saw yesterday is Mary’s sister.
3. The boy _____ father is a doctor studies very hard.
4. The heroes _____ fought for our country are respected.
5. Anyone _____ breaks the law should be punished.
6. The doctor _____ saved the patient is life was praised.
7. The girl _____ hair is long is my classmate.
8. The children _____ parents work overseas live with grandparents.
9. The scientist _____ we are proud was awarded a medal.
10. Do you know the person _____ is standing at the door
（二）选择题
11. The man _____ saved many people is a hero.
12. The girl _____ name is Li Mei is my friend.
13. The doctor _____ I visited yesterday is kind.
14. The students _____ won the competition are clever.
15. The woman _____ teaches math is a teacher.
区分口诀：
who：指人，作主语/宾语；
whom：指人，作宾语（正式）；
whose：表所属，作定语。
五、写作指导
本单元写作任务：写一篇人物传记
写作框架：
段落 内容 句型模板
第一段 基本信息：姓名、身份、时代 ...was a famous...who... / Born in..., ...became known for...
第二段 主要事迹和成就 He/She... / During his/her lifetime... / It was said that...
第三段 精神品质和后世影响 ...was admired for... / He/She will always be remembered for...
常用句型模板：
引入人物：
...was one of the greatest heroes in Chinese history.……是中国历史上最伟大的英雄之一。
Today, I would like to introduce you to a great hero - .
..今天，我想向大家介绍一位伟大的英雄——……
Born into a poor family, ... became a national hero.出身贫寒……最终成为了民族英雄。
描述事迹：
He/She spent his/her whole life doing...他/她穷尽一生去做……
During the war, he/she showed great courage and bravery.
战争期间，他/她展现出非凡的胆识与勇气。
He/She was so dedicated that he/she never gave up.
他/她十分执着，从未轻言放弃。
表达评价：
He/She is remembered as a national hero who...他/她被铭记为一位……的民族英雄
His/Her heroic spirit encouraged many people to...他/她的英雄气概鼓舞了许多人去……
He/She will always live on in our hearts.他/她将永远活在我们心中。
高分句式：
1. 使用who引导的定语从句：
Yuan Longping, who developed hybrid rice, is considered a hero in China.
培育出杂交水稻的袁隆平，在中国被视作英雄。
2. 使用so...that结果句：
He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice.
他付出了巨大努力，成功培育出杂交水稻。
3. 使用with复合结构：
With his dedication and hard work, he changed the lives of millions.
凭借自身的奉献与不懈努力，他改变了数百万人的命运。
4. 使用倒装句：
Never did he give up, even in the most difficult times.即便身处最艰难的时期，他也从未放弃。
5. 使用过去进行时：
While she was fighting on the battlefield, she never thought of herself.
她在战场上浴血奋战之时，从未顾及过自身安危。
参考范文
写作题目：假如你是李明，你想向同学们介绍一位你钦佩的英雄。请根据以下提示，写一篇100词左右的介绍。
满分范文
A Hero I Admire
Do you know Yuan Longping He is a great scientist who developed hybrid rice. Born into a poor family, he devoted his whole life to solving the food problem in China. He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice, which helped feed millions of people. During his lifetime, he never gave up, even in the most difficult times. He is remembered as a national hero who changed the world with his dedication. His heroic spirit has encouraged many young people to work hard for their dreams. He will always live on in our hearts.
亮点分析语法亮点：
who引导的定语从句："He is a great scientist who developed hybrid rice." (修饰人)
who引导的定语从句："He is remembered as a national hero who changed the world." (修饰人)
so...that结果句："He worked so hard that he succeeded in creating hybrid rice."
词汇亮点：
devote one's life to (致力于)
be remembered as (被铭记为)
heroic spirit (英雄精神)
live on (永存)
结构亮点：开头引入人物，设置悬念→中间介绍背景、事迹和成就，内容充实→结尾总结评价并表达敬意，首尾呼应。

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