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九年级英语（外研版）衔接必备
七八年级核心考点精讲精练
专题十四 宾语从句：语序、时态与连接词
【教材出处】
八上 Module 1 How to learn English：宾语从句初步感知（that 引导宾语从句）
八下 Unit 4 Helping out：that 引导宾语从句（I think / I believe 等句型）
八下 Unit 5 Looking into nature：if /whether 引导宾语从句
八下 Unit 6 Living with nature：连接代词、连接副词引导宾语从句
九年级 Unit 1 Teenagers today：it 作形式宾语 + 宾语从句
【考点精讲】
考点一 宾语从句基本概念与结构
定义：在句中充当宾语成分的从句，可作动词宾语、介词宾语。
作动词宾语：I know that he is a teacher.
作介词宾语：She is worried about what she should do.（她担心自己该做什么）
标准结构：主句 + 连接词 + 宾语从句（必须为陈述句语序）
例：I think（主句）+ that（连接词）+ he is a good student（陈述句语序从句）
核心规则：无论主句是陈述句还是疑问句，宾语从句统一使用主语 + 谓语 + 其他的陈述句语序。
考点二 连接词分类与选择
原句类型 连接词 核心功能
陈述句 that 仅起连接作用，无词义，口语 / 非正式文体可省略
一般疑问句 if / whether 含义 “是否”，不可省略
特殊疑问句 连接代词：what /which/who /whom/whose 在从句中充当主语、宾语、定语、表语
特殊疑问句 连接副词：when /where/why /how 在从句中充当时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式状语
一、that 引导宾语从句
后接完整陈述句，无实义，常省略。
I think (that) he is right. 我认为他是对的。
She said (that) she would come. 她说她会来。
We know (that) the earth goes around the sun. 我们知道地球绕太阳运转。
拓展：it 作形式宾语，that 从句后置
结构：主语 + find/think/believe + it + 形容词 / 名词 + that 从句
例：I find it interesting that he can speak three languages.
我觉得他会说三种语言这件事很有趣。
二、if /whether 引导宾语从句
由一般疑问句转化而来，表 “是否”，多数情况可互换；以下场景只能用 whether：
使用场景 例句
搭配 or not I don’t know whether he will come or not.
作介词宾语 She is worried about whether she can pass the exam.
后接不定式 to do I don’t know whether to go.
置于句首引导主语从句 Whether he will come is still unknown.
引导表语从句 The question is whether he will come.
三、连接代词引导宾语从句
what /which/who /whom/whose，在从句内承担句子成分，不可省略。
I don’t know what he is doing.（what 作 doing 宾语）
She asked who would come to the party.（who 作从句主语）
I wonder whose book this is.（whose 作 book 定语）
四、连接副词引导宾语从句
when /where/why /how，在从句作状语，不可省略。
Could you tell me when the train will arrive （when 时间状语）
I don’t know where he lives.（where 地点状语）
She asked why he was late.（why 原因状语）
五、连接代词 vs 连接副词对比
类别 指代对象 从句成分 例词
连接代词 人 / 事物 主语、宾语、定语、表语 what, which, who, whom, whose
连接副词 时间 / 地点 / 原因 / 方式 状语 when, where, why, how
考点三 宾语从句语序
统一规则：连接词 + 主语 + 谓语 + 剩余成分
错误：I don’t know where does he live.
正确：I don’t know where he lives.
错误：Can you tell me what is his name
正确：Can you tell me what his name is.
错误：She asked why was he late.
正确：She asked why he was late.
特殊情况：连接词本身在从句中作主语，无需调换语序
I don’t know who can help me.（who 是从句主语）
She asked what happened.（what 是从句主语）
考点四 宾语从句时态呼应
1. 主句为一般现在时 / 一般将来时
从句时态不受主句约束，根据实际句意自由选择。
He says that he will come tomorrow.（主现，从将来）
She tells me that she has finished homework.（主现，从现在完成）
I will tell him that I am a student.（主将来，从现在）
2. 主句为一般过去时
从句统一改用对应过去类时态（一般过去 / 过去进行 / 过去将来 / 过去完成）
He said that he was a teacher.（主过，从一般过去）
She told me that she was watching TV then.（主过，从过去进行）
I thought that he would come.（主过，从过去将来）
He said that he had finished his work.（主过，从过去完成）
3. 客观真理、自然规律、永恒事实
无论主句何种时态，从句固定用一般现在时
The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
He told me that light travels faster than sound.
考点五 宾语从句简化
前提：主句主语与从句主语保持一致，可简化为「连接词 + to do」
1. 连接代词 / 副词 + to do
原句：I don’t know what I should do.
简化：I don’t know what to do.
原句：She asked where she could go.
简化：She asked where to go.
原句：He doesn’t know how he can solve the problem.
简化：He doesn’t know how to solve the problem.
2. whether + to do
原句：I don’t know whether I should go.
简化：I don’t know whether to go.
【高频失分点整理】
失分点 1 误用疑问句语序
误：Could you tell me where is the post office
正：Could you tell me where the post office is
解析：宾语从句必须主谓顺置，疑问句语序仅用于单独问句。
失分点 2 if 一词多义混淆
宾语从句中 if = 是否；
I don’t know if he will come.（正确）
条件状语从句中 if = 如果；
I will go if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.（正确）
区分方法：if 引导的句子放在动词 / 介词后作宾语 = 宾语从句；表假设条件 = 状语从句。
失分点 3 忽略客观真理时态不变
误：The teacher said that the earth went around the sun.
正：The teacher said that the earth goes around the sun.
失分点 4 what /how 混用（缺成分判断失误）
I don’t know what to do.（do 缺少宾语，用代词 what）
I don’t know how to get there.（句子主谓完整，缺方式状语，用副词 how）
失分点 5 that 的省略与保留
单一句宾语从句：that 可省略 I think (that) he is right.
两个并列宾语从句，第二个从句前 that 不可省略：
He said that he was tired and that he wanted to rest.
【九年级衔接预览】
九上 Unit 1：it 作形式宾语结构 I find it + adj. + that 从句；
九上 Unit 5：议论文中宾语从句综合运用。
复习核心：陈述句语序、连接词辨析、时态呼应、疑问词 + to do 简化。
三级过关精练
过关一 基础达标
一、填入合适连接词
I know ________ he is a good student.
I don’t know ________ he will come tomorrow.
She asked me ________ I liked the movie.
Could you tell me ________ the post office is
I don’t know ________ she is doing now.
He asked ________ book is mine.
I wonder ________ he didn’t come to the party.
Can you tell me ________ I can get to the station
She said ________ she would help me.
I don’t know ________ to go or not.
二、单项选择
I don’t know ________ he is.
A. who B. whom C. which D. whose
Could you tell me ________ the nearest hospital is
A. what B. why C. when D. where
She asked me ________ I could help her.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
I think ________ he will come on time.
A. that B. if C. what D. when
I don’t know ________ he didn’t come to school.
A. when B. where C. why D. which
Can you tell me ________
A. where does he live B. where he lives
C. where did he live D. where he lived
She said that she ________ to Beijing the next day.
A. will go B. went C. goes D. would go
The teacher told us that the earth ________ around the sun.
A. goes B. went C. go D. going
I don’t know ________ to do.
A. how B. what C. which D. where
— What did she say
— She said that she ________ the book already.
A. reads B. read C. has read D. had read
过关二 能力提升
三、用所给词适当形式填空
She said that she ________ (go) to Shanghai the next week.
I don’t know if he ________ (come) tomorrow.
The teacher said that water ________ (boil) at 100°C.
I think that she ________ (be) a good teacher.
He asked me where I ________ (live).
四、单项选择
I don’t know ________ he will come or not.
A. if B. whether C. that D. what
Could you tell me ________
A. when does the train leave B. when the train leaves
C. when will the train leave D. when the train will leave
She said that she ________ to the park every Sunday.
A. goes B. went C. has gone D. go
I wonder ________ he is so happy today.
A. that B. if C. why D. what
He asked me ________ I could speak English.
A. that B. if C. what D. which
Do you know ________
A. what is his name B. what was his name
C. his name is what D. what his name is
She told me that she ________ the film before.
A. sees B. saw C. has seen D. had seen
I don’t know ________ to get there.
A. what B. where C. how D. which
The teacher said that water ________ at 100°C.
A. boils B. boiled C. boil D. boiling
Could you tell me ________
A. who is that man B. who that man is
C. who that man was D. who was that man
过关三 综合突破
五、短文填空：填入恰当连接词
I still remember my first English teacher. She told us ________ (36) English was very important. She also said ________ (37) we should practice speaking every day. She asked us ________ (38) we liked English. Most of us said yes.
One day, she asked us ________ (39) we wanted to be in the future. Some students said they wanted to be doctors. Others said they wanted to be teachers. She asked me ________ (40) I thought about my future. I said I didn’t know ________ (41) I should choose. She told me ________ (42) I should follow my heart.
Now I understand ________ (43) she said. She wanted us to find our own dreams. I also understand ________ (44) it is so important to have a good teacher. She taught us not only English but also ________ (45) to be good people.
参考答案与详细解析
过关一 基础达标
一、连接词填空
that（陈述句作宾语）
if /whether（表是否）
if /whether（表是否）
where（提问地点）
what（作 doing 宾语）
which（表选择，哪一本书）
why（提问原因）
how（提问出行方式）
that（陈述句作宾语）
whether（固定搭配 whether…or not，不可用 if）
二、单项选择
A解析：who 在从句中作表语，表 “身份是谁”；whom 只能作宾语，which 表选择，whose 表所属。
D解析：where 对地点提问，句意为 “最近的医院在哪里”。
B解析：if 引导宾语从句，含义 “是否”。
A解析：that 承接完整陈述句，无实义。
C解析：why 提问原因，“为什么没来上学”。
B解析：宾语从句用陈述句语序；语境为常态，用一般现在时。
D解析：主句 said 为过去时，the next day 对应过去将来时 would go。
A解析：地球公转是客观真理，永远一般现在时，主语三单用 goes。
B解析：do 缺少宾语，用 what；how 只能作状语，不能充当宾语。
D解析：主句为过去时，already 表 “过去的过去”，用过去完成时 had read。
过关二 能力提升
三、词形填空
would go解析：主句 said 过去时，the next week 用过去将来时。
will come解析：主句 I don’t know 为现在时，tomorrow 表将来，用 will come。
boils解析：水的沸点是客观常识，一般现在时，主语 water 三单。
is解析：主句现在时，描述人物常态用一般现在时。
lived解析：主句 asked 为过去时，从句时态同步改为一般过去时。
四、单项选择
B解析：出现 or not 只能用 whether。
D解析：陈述句语序；询问列车将要发车，用一般将来时 will leave。
B解析：主句 said 过去时，every Sunday 描述过去习惯性动作，用一般过去时 went。
C解析：why 提问原因，“为什么今天这么开心”。
B解析：if 引导宾语从句，表 “是否”。
D解析：宾语从句主谓顺置，正确语序 what his name is。
D解析：before 表示 “在 told 之前”，过去的过去，过去完成时 had seen。
C解析：句子主谓完整，缺少方式状语，用 how。
A解析：水沸腾是客观事实，一般现在时 boils。
B解析：陈述句语序，描述当下人物，一般现在时。
过关三 综合突破（语篇填空）
that
that
if / whether
what
what
which
that
what
why
how

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