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人教2019版选择性必修二英语Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 教学评一体化设计（全套教案+学案+测评案｜全程学法渗透）
（阅读思辨课｜科学精神主题｜叙事性文本理解与科学探究步骤｜）
第一部分 教案
一、基本信息
1.课题：Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking——John Snow Defeats "King Cholera"
2.课时：1课时（45分钟）
3.授课年级：高二
4.学科：高中英语
5.教材内容：本课为单元第1-2课时（阅读课），语篇为关于英国医生约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱的叙事性文本（narration），标题为"John Snow Defeats 'King Cholera'"。文章围绕19世纪伦敦霍乱疫情展开，讲述了斯诺医生如何运用科学方法探究霍乱传播途径、切断感染源，并最终阻止霍乱流行的过程。全文共五个自然段，采用"问题—理论—过程—真相—解决方案"的叙事结构，以时间顺序为明线，以科学研究步骤为暗线，运用对比（两种理论对比）、列数字、举例等写作手法，生动塑造了斯诺作为科学家的形象。该语篇为高中阶段学习叙事性文本与科学探究方法的典型素材，能有效培养学生的科学精神与批判性思维。 ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) ( https: / / www. / doc-14659237.html" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
6.学情分析
高二学生已完成选择性必修一前五个单元的学习，具备一定的阅读能力和词汇基础。学生在之前的单元中学习过人物传记类语篇（如袁隆平、屠呦呦），对科学家的故事有一定了解。学生对霍乱这一疾病及其历史影响了解有限，对科学研究的基本步骤不够熟悉。学生仍存在以下短板：对叙事性文本的结构特点（按时间顺序、问题解决模式）不够熟悉；不善于通过文本信息梳理科学研究步骤；对科学精神（质疑、求证、逻辑推理）的理解较为浅层；批判性思维能力有待提升；对"科学方法"与"日常思维"的区别认识不足。 ( https: / / www. / doc-14683208.html" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )本课以约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱的叙事为载体，依托英语学习活动观，落实"教—学—评"一体化闭环教学模式，嵌入读前预测、读中分析、读后思辨等策略指导，帮助学生掌握叙事性文本的阅读策略、梳理科学研究的基本步骤、理解质疑精神在科学研究中的重要作用，同步渗透科学精神与创新意识。 ( https: / / www. / doc-16384356.html tag_id=27" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
7.学科核心素养目标
（1）语言能力：掌握本课核心词汇与短语（defeat, outbreak, severe, infect, suspect, blame, handle, pump, household, raw, investigate, chart, multiply, intervene, substantial, decrease, statistic, etc.）；掌握叙事性文本的文体特征与语言特点（时间顺序、问题解决模式、对比手法）；能理解并分析语篇中的关键信息，把握文章结构；能运用所学词汇描述科学探究过程。
（2）文化意识：了解19世纪伦敦霍乱疫情的历史背景与影响；理解约翰·斯诺的科学贡献及其对现代流行病学的奠基作用；认识科学方法在应对公共卫生危机中的重要作用；增强对科学精神和公共卫生重要性的认识。
（3）思维品质：通过梳理斯诺的研究过程，培养逻辑思维与信息整合能力；通过对比两种霍乱传播理论，培养比较分析与批判性思维能力；通过推断斯诺的人物品质，培养归纳与推断能力；通过思考科学研究对现实生活的影响，培养深度思考能力。
（4）学习能力：掌握"预测—速读—细读—推断—讨论"的阅读学习流程；学会利用时间轴和流程图梳理科学研究步骤；掌握叙事性文本的阅读策略；培养合作学习与自主反思能力。
8.教学重难点
（1）教学重点：掌握叙事性文本的结构特征（问题—过程—解决方案）；获取斯诺研究霍乱的关键信息与步骤；梳理科学研究的基本步骤（发现问题—提出假设—收集数据—分析数据—得出结论—采取措施）。
（2）教学难点：从叙事文本中提炼科学研究的基本步骤，理解"明线"与"暗线"的关系；理解"质疑精神"在科学研究中的核心作用；运用所学知识评价斯诺研究方法的价值与意义。 ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
9.教学准备：多媒体课件（含霍乱历史背景介绍、伦敦地图、语篇录音）；阅读任务单（含预测、速读、细读、推断等分层任务）；叙事性文本结构卡片；科学研究步骤流程图；口语表达评价量表。
10.教学方法：任务型阅读教学法、情境教学法、合作学习法、教学评一体化闭环教学法。
11.学法指导：引导学生固化"预测—速读—细读—推断—讨论"的阅读学习路径；指导学生关注叙事性文本的结构特点——时间顺序、问题解决模式；指导学生运用流程图梳理科学研究步骤，将语篇信息结构化；指导学生理解"质疑精神"在科学研究中的核心作用。 ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
二、教学过程
（一）语境导入·激活话题（7分钟）
1.开篇页导入：呈现单元开篇页主题图（两位中学生做实验的照片）和爱因斯坦引言："To raise new questions, new possibilities, to regard old problems from a new angle, requires creative imagination and marks real advance in science." 引导学生理解引言含义——提出新问题、发现新可能、从新角度审视旧问题，需要创造性的想象力，并标志着科学的真正进步。提问学生：What do you think is the most important quality of a scientist 引出单元主题"科学精神"。 ( https: / / www. / doc-16384356.html tag_id=27" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
2.背景导入：呈现霍乱疫情的历史图片，提问学生：Do you know what disease it is Have you heard of cholera What do you know about it 简要介绍霍乱——19世纪欧洲最可怕的瘟疫之一，致死率极高，当时人们对其传播途径一无所知。引出本课主人公——约翰·斯诺。
3.话题讨论：提问学生：If you were a doctor in the 19th century and wanted to find the cause of cholera, how would you do it 引导学生思考科学探究的基本方法，为阅读做铺垫。
4.课题点明：Today we will read a story titled "John Snow Defeats 'King Cholera'". We will learn how a scientist used scientific methods to defeat a deadly disease and explore the steps of scientific research.
5.学法渗透：阅读叙事文本有方法——先了解故事背景，再通过速读获取情节发展，通过细读梳理科学研究步骤，通过讨论理解科学精神。
（二）读前预测·文体感知（3分钟）
1.标题分析：引导学生分析标题"John Snow Defeats 'King Cholera'"，提问学生：
（1）Who is John Snow （A doctor in 19th-century London.）
（2）What does "King Cholera" mean （Cholera was so deadly that it was given the title "King".）
（3）What do you think the passage will be about （How John Snow defeated cholera.）
2.文体判断：呈现标题和课文图片，引导学生判断文体类型（narration/叙事性文本），简述叙事性文本的常见特征——以时间顺序叙述事件发展，通常包含人物、情节、冲突与解决。
3.背景知识扫障：预教核心词汇（defeat, outbreak, severe, infect, suspect, blame, handle, pump, raw, investigate, chart, multiply, intervene, decrease等），利用图片和语境帮助理解。
（三）读中理解·获取信息（20分钟·核心重点）
活动一 速读·获取大意与结构（5分钟）
1.任务要求：快速浏览语篇，回答以下问题：
（1）What is the type of this text （Narration/叙事性文本）
（2）What is the main idea of the passage （It tells how John Snow used scientific methods to investigate the cause of cholera and eventually defeated it.）
2.段落大意匹配：快速阅读全文，将每段的大意与段落进行匹配： ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
段落 大意
Para. 1 Introduction — the problem of cholera in 19th-century London
Para. 2 Two conflicting theories about how cholera spread
Para. 3 The research process — collecting and analysing data
Para. 4 The truth — the Broad Street pump was the source
Para. 5 The solution — removing the handle and its impact
3.结构分析：引导学生将文章划分为三大部分： ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
Part 1（Para. 1）: Background — the cholera problem and Snow's determination to solve it
Part 2（Para. 2-4）: Process — investigating the cause, collecting and analysing data, finding the truth
Part 3（Para. 5）: Outcome — defeating cholera and its lasting impact
4.策略指导：速读时重点关注首段、每段首句（主题句）和时间标志词，它们能帮助我们快速把握文章的主要内容和结构。
5.核对答案：师生共同核对，板书文章结构与关键信息。
6.过程评价：对速读准确、快速的学生进行口头表扬。
活动二 细读·梳理科学研究步骤（10分钟）
1.任务要求：仔细阅读语篇，完成以下任务：
（1）阅读第一段，回答以下问题：
a.What was the situation of cholera in 19th-century London （It caused millions of deaths. No one knew how to prevent or treat it.）
b.What was John Snow's attitude towards the problem （He was determined to find the cause and solve it.）
c.What makes Snow "a famous doctor" （He was a skilled physician who had attended to Queen Victoria, and he refused to accept the existing theories without evidence.）
（2）阅读第二段，回答以下问题：
a.What were the two theories about how cholera spread
→ Theory 1: Cholera was caused by bad air (miasma theory).
→ Theory 2: Cholera was caused by germs in food or water.
b.Which theory did Snow believe in （He believed in the second theory.）
c.What does Snow's choice of theory reveal about him （He was scientifically minded, willing to question established beliefs.）
（3）阅读第三段，完成以下关于斯诺研究过程的流程图： ( https: / / www. / doc-14659237.html" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
John Snow's research process:
Step Action
1. Find a problem Cholera was a deadly disease with an unknown cause.
2. Ask a question What was the cause of cholera Which theory was correct
3. Collect data He marked on a map where all the deaths occurred.
4. Analyse the results He found that most deaths happened near the water pump.
5. Find supporting evidence He discovered that the woman who had moved away also died from the same water.
6. Draw a conclusion The water from the pump was the source of cholera.
（4）阅读第四段，回答以下问题：
a.What evidence did Snow find to support his conclusion （All the people who died had drunk water from the Broad Street pump. The woman who had moved to another area also died from cholera because she had sent for water from the pump.）
b.What does "the handle of the pump" refer to （It refers to the handle that controlled the water pump on Broad Street.）
（5）阅读第五段，回答以下问题：
a.What did Snow do to stop the outbreak （He had the handle of the pump removed.）
b.What was the result of his action （The number of deaths decreased sharply.）
c.What is Snow's legacy （He is considered the father of epidemiology. His methods established a model for scientific investigation of disease.）
2.策略指导：细读时要关注时间顺序词（then, after, later, finally等）和因果连接词（because, so, as a result, therefore等），它们能帮助我们理解事件发展的逻辑关系。
3.小组核对：同桌互查答案，讨论差异。
4.展示点评：抽取学生展示答案，师生共同点评。
活动三 文体分析与科学方法提炼（5分钟）
1.任务要求：分析文章的写作手法和科学研究步骤的体现。
（1）写作特点：作者采用了"问题—过程—解决方案"的叙事结构，以时间顺序展开叙述，运用对比（两种理论对比）、列数字（死亡人数）、举例（具体病例）等手法增强说服力。
（2）科学方法提炼：引导学生思考——斯诺的研究过程体现了科学研究中哪些基本步骤？ ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
发现问题（Find a problem）
提出假设（Ask a question）
收集数据（Collect data）
分析结果（Analyse the results）
寻找佐证（Find supporting evidence）
得出结论（Draw a conclusion）
采取措施（Take action）
（3）质疑精神：提问学生——斯诺在研究中体现了什么样的精神？为什么这种精神对科学研究很重要？
→ 参考答案：Snow questioned the accepted theories and refused to accept them without evidence. He made detailed observations, gathered data, and used logical reasoning to find the truth. This questioning mind is essential for scientific progress.
2.策略指导：分析叙事性文本时，要关注"明线"（时间顺序的情节发展）和"暗线"（科学研究步骤的推进）的关系——两者相互交织，共同推动叙事发展。 ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
3.策略指导：分析叙事性文本时，要关注"明线"（时间顺序的情节发展）和"暗线"（科学研究步骤的推进）的关系——两者相互交织，共同推动叙事发展。作者通过"明线"讲述故事，通过"暗线"传递科学方法的意义。
（四）读后讨论·深化理解（10分钟）
活动一 人物分析·主题探讨（5分钟）
1.讨论议题（分层选择）：
（1）基础层：What made John Snow a successful scientist Use examples from the text.
→ 参考答案：He was determined, open-minded, and used scientific methods. He challenged existing theories, collected data, and drew conclusions based on evidence.
（2）提升层：What qualities of John Snow are most important for scientific discovery Explain.
→ 参考答案：His questioning mind was the most important quality. He did not blindly accept the miasma theory. Instead, he collected evidence and used logical reasoning. His persistence and attention to detail also contributed to his success.
（3）拓展层：Why is John Snow's research method still relevant to modern science What can we learn from his approach
→ 参考答案：Snow's method—observing, collecting data, testing hypotheses, and drawing conclusions based on evidence—is still the foundation of modern scientific research. His work shows that questioning established beliefs and using evidence-based reasoning are essential for progress. We can learn to approach problems systematically, to challenge assumptions, and to rely on evidence rather than speculation.
2.小组活动：4人一组，每人至少发言1次，使用本课所学词汇与表达。
3.角色分工：组长组织、记录员记录观点、汇报人准备展示。
4.展示点评：1-2组进行展示，师生依据评价量表共同点评。
活动二 科学方法迁移（3分钟）
1.任务要求：以小组为单位，讨论——斯诺的研究步骤和我们解决问题时的思考过程有什么相似之处？举例说明。
→ 参考答案：我们在解决日常问题时也会经历类似的步骤：发现问题→提出假设→收集信息→分析→得出结论→采取行动。例如，当东西不见了，我们会先确认丢失了什么，猜测可能在哪里，搜索可能的地点，分析线索，最终找到或总结教训。
2.素养升华：引导学生理解——斯诺的伟大之处不仅在于他找到了霍乱的传播途径，更在于他建立了科学的研究方法。他的"霍乱地图"成为流行病学的经典案例。他的故事告诉我们：科学精神的核心是"质疑"——不盲从权威、不轻信传言，而是用证据说话，用逻辑推理。在信息爆炸的今天，这种批判性思维能力尤为重要。作为新时代的青年，我们应当学会像斯诺一样提问、思考和求证。 ( https: / / www. / doc-16384356.html tag_id=27" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
（五）课堂小结（3分钟）
1.知识小结：梳理叙事性文本的结构特征（问题—过程—解决方案）、科学研究的基本步骤、约翰·斯诺的贡献与品质、本课核心词汇与短语。
2.能力小结：回顾"预测—速读—细读—推断—讨论"的阅读学习流程，反思掌握情况。
3.素养小结：理解科学精神的核心——质疑、求证、理性思考，培养批判性思维能力与科学素养。
（六）当堂检测（2分钟）
1.口头检测：随机抽查一名学生说出科学研究的基本步骤（至少4步）。
2.书面微练：完成1-2个词汇填空，当堂巩固。
（七）分层作业（2分钟）
基础层：背诵本课核心词汇与短语（defeat, outbreak, severe, infect, suspect, blame, handle, pump, household, raw, investigate, chart, multiply, intervene, substantial, decrease, statistic等）；整理课堂笔记，用流程图梳理约翰·斯诺的研究步骤；跟读课文录音，模仿语音语调。
提升层：写一段100词左右的短文，复述约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱的故事（运用至少5个本课核心词汇）；摘录课文中5个包含核心词汇的句子并仿写；分析斯诺的3个科学家品质，每个品质用课文中的事实支撑。
拓展层：以"What I Have Learned from John Snow"为题，写一篇120词左右的英语短文，结合斯诺的事迹阐述你对"科学精神"的理解；查找另一位流行病学家的故事（如爱德华·詹纳、罗伯特·科赫），用英语记录其贡献并向同学推荐。
三、板书设计
Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking
John Snow Defeats "King Cholera"
1.Text Type:
Narration (叙事性文本) — Problem → Process → Solution
2.Text Structure:
Part Paragraphs Content
Background Para. 1 Cholera problem in London; Snow's determination
Process Para. 2-4 Two theories → research → finding the truth
Outcome Para. 5 Removing the pump; Snow's legacy
3.Steps of Scientific Research:
Find a problem → Ask a question → Collect data → Analyse results → Find evidence → Draw a conclusion → Take action
4.Writing Features:
Time order · Contrast (two theories) · Examples · Numbers
5.Key Words:
defeat · outbreak · severe · infect · suspect · blame
investigate · chart · multiply · intervene · decrease · statistic
6.Reading Path:
Predict → Skim → Scan → Infer → Discuss
7.Theme:
To question is the beginning of science.
四、教后反思
本课以约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱的叙事性文本为载体，紧扣单元主题"科学与科学家"，严格落实"教—学—评"一体化理念。教学流程遵循"导入—读前预测—读中理解（速读大意→细读细节→科学方法提炼）—读后讨论—小结—检测—作业"的闭环模式。通过分层阅读任务覆盖全体学生，有效帮助学生掌握叙事性文本的阅读策略和科学研究步骤的分析方法，同时渗透科学精神与批判性思维教育。 ( http: / / zy.21cnjy.com / 21430440" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) ( https: / / www. / doc-14659237.html" \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank )
现存不足：部分学生对叙事性文本的"明线"与"暗线"关系理解不够深入，在梳理科学研究步骤时存在困难；在讨论环节中，部分学生不善于将斯诺的研究方法与现代生活建立联系；小组讨论中，部分学生参与度不高，表达不够流畅；学生对"质疑精神"的理解较为抽象，难以与自身经验结合。
后续改进：增设叙事性文本结构分析的专项导学与对比练习；提供更多科学研究步骤的示例与应用场景，帮助学生建立知识迁移能力；优化小组讨论分工机制，为薄弱学生提供表达支架（如句型模板）；增设"科学精神"主题的拓展阅读与讨论活动，引导学生将科学方法与日常生活相结合。
第二部分 学案
Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 导学案
班级：__________ 姓名：__________
学号：__________ 得分：__________
一、学习目标
1.掌握本课核心词汇与短语（defeat, outbreak, severe, infect, suspect, blame, handle, pump, household, raw, investigate, chart, multiply, intervene, substantial, decrease, statistic等），了解叙事性文本的文体特征。
2.通过速读获取文章的主要信息与结构，梳理约翰·斯诺战胜霍乱的故事情节。
3.通过细读获取细节信息，从叙事文本中提炼科学研究的基本步骤。
4.理解"质疑精神"在科学研究中的核心作用，培养批判性思维能力。
二、预习导学
（一）核心词汇英汉互译
英文：1.defeat 中文：__________
英文：2.outbreak 中文：__________
英文：3.severe 中文：__________
英文：4.infect 中文：__________
英文：5.suspect 中文：__________
英文：6.blame 中文：__________
英文：7.handle 中文：__________
英文：8.pump 中文：__________
英文：9.household 中文：__________
英文：10.raw 中文：__________
英文：11.investigate 中文：__________
英文：12.chart 中文：__________
英文：13.multiply 中文：__________
英文：14.intervene 中文：__________
英文：15.substantial 中文：__________
英文：16.decrease 中文：__________
英文：17.statistic 中文：__________
英文：18.epidemiology 中文：__________
（二）预习思考
1.What do you know about cholera What were the conditions like in 19th-century London
→ _________________________________________________________________
2.What qualities do you think a good scientist should have Why
→ _________________________________________________________________
3.Can you think of any diseases that have been defeated by science
→ _________________________________________________________________
（三）预习疑点
1._________________________________________________________________
2._________________________________________________________________
三、课中合作探究
（一）文体感知与预测
任务1：标题分析
分析标题"John Snow Defeats 'King Cholera'"，回答问题：
1.Who is John Snow
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
2.What does "King Cholera" mean
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
3.What do you think the passage will be about
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
任务2：内容预测
根据标题和图片，预测文章可能包含的内容：
→ _________________________________________________________________
（二）读中信息记录
任务1：速读·获取大意与结构
1.What is the type of this text
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
2.What is the main idea of the passage
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
3.Match the main idea with each paragraph:
段落 大意
Para. 1 __________
Para. 2 __________
Para. 3 __________
Para. 4 __________
Para. 5 __________
4.Divide the passage into three parts:
Part 1（Para. ___）: _________________________________________________
Part 2（Para. ___）: _________________________________________________
Part 3（Para. ___）: _________________________________________________
任务2：细读·梳理科学研究步骤
1.阅读第一段，回答以下问题：
a.What was the situation of cholera in 19th-century London
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
b.What was John Snow's attitude towards the problem
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
2.阅读第二段，回答以下问题：
a.What were the two theories about how cholera spread
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
b.Which theory did Snow believe in
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
3.阅读第三段，完成以下斯诺研究过程的流程图：
Step Action
1. Find a problem
2. Ask a question
3. Collect data
4. Analyse the results
5. Find supporting evidence
6. Draw a conclusion
4.阅读第四段，回答以下问题：
a.What evidence did Snow find to support his conclusion
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
5.阅读第五段，回答以下问题：
a.What did Snow do to stop the outbreak
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
b.What was the result of his action
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
c.What is Snow's legacy
→ 答案：___________________________________________________________
任务3：文体分析与科学方法提炼
分析文章的写作手法和科学研究步骤的体现：
1.文章结构：__________
2.写作手法：、、__________
3.科学研究的基本步骤：
（1）______________ （2）______________
（3）______________ （4）______________
（5）______________ （6）______________
（7）______________
（三）读后讨论与表达
任务1：内容总结
根据课文内容，完成以下填空：
In 19th-century London, ________ was a deadly disease that caused millions of deaths. No one knew what ________ it or how to ________ it. John Snow, a famous doctor, was ________ to find the cause. At that time, there were two ________. One theory said that cholera was caused by ________ air. The other said it was caused by ________ in food or water. Snow believed the ________ theory.
When cholera ________ London again in 1854, Snow began to ________. He ________ on a map where all the deaths had occurred. He found that most of the deaths were near a ________ in Broad Street. He also found that a woman who had moved away had died after ________ water from the pump. Snow concluded that the ________ water was the cause. He had the ________ of the pump removed, and the disease began to ________. Snow is now considered the father of ________.
任务2：推断练习
从以下句子中推断斯诺的品质，并说明理由：
1."John Snow was a famous doctor in London—so famous, indeed, that he attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician."
→ 品质：__________
→ 理由：_________________________________________________________
2."He suspected that the second theory was correct but he needed to prove it."
→ 品质：__________
→ 理由：_________________________________________________________
3."Snow marked the deaths on a map. He found that many of the deaths were near the water pump."
→ 品质：__________
→ 理由：_________________________________________________________
任务3：小组讨论
讨论以下问题，记录你的观点：
1.What made John Snow a successful scientist Use examples from the text.
→ _________________________________________________________________
2.What qualities of John Snow are most important for scientific discovery
→ _________________________________________________________________
3.Why is John Snow's research method still relevant to modern science
→ _________________________________________________________________
四、课堂达标自测
（一）词汇填空（20分）
1.The city experienced a serious ________（爆发）of disease.
2.The disease was so ________（严重的）that many people died.
3.The water was ________（未加工的）and not safe to drink.
4.She ________（怀疑）that something was wrong.
5.He was ________（责备）for the failure of the project.
6.They decided to ________（调查）the cause of the problem.
7.The ________（手柄）of the pump was removed.
8.The number of deaths began to ________（减少）.
9.Snow ________（绘制图表）the deaths on a map.
10.This discovery had a ________（重大的）impact on public health.
（二）信息匹配（20分）
将科学研究步骤与斯诺的具体行动进行匹配：
科学研究步骤 斯诺的具体行动
（ ）1.Find a problem A.He marked the deaths on a map.
（ ）2.Ask a question B.He found that most deaths were near the pump.
（ ）3.Collect data C.He suspected the water theory and needed to prove it.
（ ）4.Analyse the results D.He had the handle of the pump removed.
（ ）5.Draw a conclusion E.He wanted to find the cause of cholera.
（ ）6.Take action F.He concluded that the pump water was the source.
（三）简答（30分）
1.What were the two conflicting theories about cholera in 19th-century London （6分）
→ _________________________________________________________________
2.How ( https: / / 2.how / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) did Snow prove that the Broad Street pump was the source of cholera （8分）
→ _________________________________________________________________
3.What qualities made John Snow a successful scientist （8分）
→ _________________________________________________________________
4.What can we learn from John Snow's story about scientific research （8分）
→ _________________________________________________________________
（四）短文写作（30分）
请以“What I Have Learned from John Snow”为题，写一篇60词左右的英语短文。要求：1.至少写出斯诺的两个品质；2.运用至少3个本课核心词汇；3.结构完整、语言规范。
导学案参考答案
二、预习导学
（一）1.战胜；击败 2.（疾病的）爆发；突发 3.严重的；剧烈的 4.感染；传染 5.怀疑；猜想 6.责备；归咎于 7.手柄；把手 8.泵；抽水机 9.一家人；家庭 10.未加工的；生的 11.调查；研究 12.图表；（用图表）记录 13.（使）倍增；乘 14.干预；介入 15.大量的；重大的 16.减少；（使）变小 17.统计数字；统计资料 18.流行病学
（二）开放性问题，参考答案略。
（三）开放性问题，参考答案略。
三、课中合作探究
（一）任务1：1.A doctor in 19th-century London. 2.Cholera was so deadly that it was given the title "King". 3.How ( https: / / 3.how / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) John Snow defeated cholera.
（一）任务2：开放性问题，参考答案略。
（二）任务1：1.Narration/叙事性文本 2.It ( https: / / 2.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) tells how John Snow used scientific methods to investigate the cause of cholera and eventually defeated it.
3.Para.1: Introduction — the problem of cholera in 19th-century London
Para.2: Two conflicting theories about how cholera spread
Para.3: The research process — collecting and analysing data
Para.4: The truth — the Broad Street pump was the source
Para.5: The solution — removing the handle and its impact
4.Part 1（Para.1）: Background — the cholera problem and Snow's determination to solve it
Part 2（Para.2-4）: Process — investigating the cause, collecting and analysing data, finding the truth
Part 3（Para.5）: Outcome — defeating cholera and its lasting impact
（二）任务2：1.a.Cholera caused millions of deaths. No one knew how to prevent or treat it. b.He was determined to find the cause and solve it.
2.a.Theory 1: Cholera was caused by bad air (miasma theory). Theory 2: Cholera was caused by germs in food or water. b.He believed in the second theory.
Step Action
1. Find a problem Cholera was a deadly disease with an unknown cause.
2. Ask a question What was the cause of cholera Which theory was correct
3. Collect data He marked on a map where all the deaths occurred.
4. Analyse the results He found that most deaths happened near the water pump.
5. Find supporting evidence He discovered that the woman who had moved away also died from the same water.
6. Draw a conclusion The water from the pump was the source of cholera.
4.a.All the people who died had drunk water from the Broad Street pump. The woman who had moved to another area also died from cholera because she had sent for water from the pump.
5.a.He had the handle of the pump removed. b.The number of deaths decreased sharply. c.He is considered the father of epidemiology.
（二）任务3：1.问题—过程—解决方案 2.对比（两种理论对比）；列数字；举例 3.（1）发现问题 （2）提出假设 （3）收集数据 （4）分析数据 （5）寻找佐证 （6）得出结论 （7）采取措施
（三）任务1：cholera; caused; treat; determined; theories; bad; germs; second; hit; investigate; marked; pump; drinking; pump; handle; decrease; epidemiology
（三）任务2：1.品质：Skilled/Accomplished；理由：He was a famous doctor who even attended the Queen. 2.品质：Questioning/Open-minded；理由：He suspected the theory but wanted to prove it with evidence, not just believe it. 3.品质：Careful/Methodical；理由：He used maps and statistics to find the cause systematically.
（三）任务3：开放性问题，参考答案略。
四、课堂达标自测
（一）1.outbreak 2.severe 3.raw 4.suspect 5.blamed 6.investigate 7.handle 8.decrease 9.charted 10.substantial
（二）1.E 2.C 3.A 4.B 5.F 6.D
（三）1.One ( https: / / 1.one / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) theory said cholera was caused by bad air (miasma theory). The other said it was caused by germs in food or water.
2.He marked the deaths on a map and found most were near the Broad Street pump. He also found that a woman who had moved away died after drinking water from the pump, which confirmed his conclusion.
3.Snow was determined, open-minded, systematic, and persistent. He questioned existing theories, collected data carefully, analysed the evidence, and drew conclusions based on facts.
4.We can learn that scientific research requires asking questions, collecting evidence, and drawing conclusions based on facts rather than assumptions. It also shows the importance of perseverance and critical thinking.
（四）参考范文：
What I Have Learned from John Snow
From John Snow, I have learned the importance of questioning and evidence. He did not accept the miasma theory without proof. Instead, he investigated the cause of cholera systematically. He collected data, analysed the results, and drew conclusions based on facts. His persistence and critical thinking led to a breakthrough that saved countless lives. I have learned that science is about asking questions and finding answers through careful observation and logical reasoning.
第三部分 测评案
Unit 1 Science and Scientists Reading and Thinking 同步测评
满分：100分 时间：40分钟
姓名：__________ 得分：__________
一、词汇运用（20分）
用所给单词的适当形式填空（每词限用一次）：
defeat, outbreak, severe, infect, suspect, blame, handle, pump, household, raw, investigate, chart, multiply, intervene, substantial, decrease, statistic
1.She ________ that the water might be polluted.
2.The disease caused a serious ________ of illness in the city.
3.The symptoms were so ________ that many people needed hospital care.
4.The water from the ________ was not safe to drink.
5.He was ________ for the failure of the research.
6.They decided to ________ the cause of the outbreak.
7.Snow ________ the deaths on a map to find patterns.
8.The number of cases began to ________ after the pump was closed.
9.This discovery had a ________ impact on public health.
10.Snow is considered the father of ________.
二、阅读理解（30分）
根据课文内容，选择最佳答案：
1.What type of text is the passage
A.A biography. B.A narrative. C.A letter. D.A poem.
2.What was the situation of cholera in 19th-century London
A.It ( https: / / a.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was easily cured. B.It ( https: / / b.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) caused millions of deaths.
C.It ( https: / / c.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) only affected poor people. D.It ( https: / / d.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was caused by bad food.
3.What were the two theories about cholera
A.It ( https: / / a.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was caused by cold weather or hot weather. B.It ( https: / / b.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was caused by bad air or germs in water.
C.It ( https: / / c.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was caused by animals or insects. D.It ( https: / / d.it / " \t "https: / / chat. / a / chat / s / _blank ) was caused by poor diet or lack of exercise.
4.Which theory did Snow believe in
A.The bad air theory. B.The water theory.
C.He believed in both theories. D.He believed in neither theory.
5.What method did Snow use to investigate the outbreak
A.He interviewed all the patients. B.He marked the deaths on a map.
C.He tested the water in a laboratory. D.He asked people about their diets.
6.What did Snow discover from his map
A.Most deaths were near the hospital. B.Most deaths were near the water pump.
C.Most deaths were near the market. D.Most deaths were near the river.
7.What additional evidence did Snow find
A.A child who had not drunk the water survived. B.A woman who had moved away died from the same water.
C.A doctor who had treated patients got sick. D.A farmer who used the water got sick.
8.What did Snow do to stop the outbreak
A.He closed all the hospitals. B.He had the handle of the pump removed.
C.He gave medicine to all the patients. D.He asked people to boil their water.
9.What is Snow's legacy
A.He became the mayor of London. B.He discovered a cure for cholera.
C.He is considered the father of epidemiology. D.He wrote a famous book about disease.
10.Which of the following best describes John Snow
A.Determined and systematic. B.Careless and impatient.
C.Arrogant and selfish. D.Lazy and irresponsible.
三、信息梳理（20分）
根据课文内容，完成以下关于科学研究步骤与斯诺行动的表格：
科学研究步骤 斯诺的具体行动
1. Find a problem
2. Ask a question
3. Collect data
4. Analyse the results
5. Find supporting evidence
6. Draw a conclusion
7. Take action
四、思辨与表达（30分）
任务一：简答（10分）
What qualities of John Snow were most important for his success Explain with examples from the text.
→ _________________________________________________________________
→ _________________________________________________________________
任务二：短文写作（20分）
请以“Why Scientific Methods Matter”为题，写一篇80词左右的英语短文，结合约翰·斯诺的事迹阐述科学方法的重要性。要求：1.至少给出两个理由；2.运用至少3个本课核心词汇；3.结构完整、语言规范。
测评案参考答案与评分标准
一、词汇运用（20分，每题2分）
1.suspect 2.outbreak 3.severe 4.pump 5.blamed 6.investigate 7.charted 8.decrease 9.substantial 10.epidemiology
二、阅读理解（30分，每题3分）
1.B 2.B 3.B 4.B 5.B 6.B 7.B 8.B 9.C 10.A
三、信息梳理（20分）
科学研究步骤 斯诺的具体行动
1. Find a problem Cholera was a deadly disease with an unknown cause.
2. Ask a question What was the cause of cholera Which theory was correct
3. Collect data He marked on a map where all the deaths occurred.
4. Analyse the results He found that most deaths happened near the water pump.
5. Find supporting evidence He discovered that the woman who had moved away also died from the same water.
6. Draw a conclusion The water from the pump was the source of cholera.
7. Take action He had the handle of the pump removed.
四、思辨与表达（30分）
任务一：简答（10分）
John Snow's most important qualities were his determination, open-mindedness, and systematic approach. He was determined to find the cause of cholera and refused to give up. He was open-minded—he did not blindly accept the miasma theory. Instead, he questioned it and used evidence to test his ideas. His systematic approach—collecting data, analysing it, and drawing conclusions—was also crucial. These qualities made him a pioneer in epidemiology.
任务二：参考范文（20分）
Why Scientific Methods Matter
John Snow's story shows why scientific methods are essential. First, scientific methods help us find the truth through evidence. Snow questioned the miasma theory and used data to prove that cholera was spread through water. Second, scientific methods lead to effective solutions. By identifying the source of the outbreak, Snow was able to stop the disease and save lives. His approach—observing, collecting data, and drawing conclusions—established a model for modern epidemiology. Without scientific methods, we would still be guessing about the causes of diseases. Science gives us the tools to solve problems and improve lives.
评分标准：
内容完整性：8分，包含至少两个理由，内容充实、逻辑清晰
核心词汇运用：4分，至少3个，使用正确
语言准确性：4分，语法正确，拼写无误，表达流畅
结构连贯性：4分，结构完整，衔接自然，运用连接词
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