【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】12 Stitching up history

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【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】12 Stitching up history

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12
Stitching up history
故宫里的织绣品文物,是如何被修复的?
扫码听讲解
文章导读
在故宫西侧院墙内的文物医院内,有一支全部由女性组成的修复组——
织绣修复组,她们不仅要掌握文物修复知识,还要熟悉各类织绣工艺技法。
大到龙袍、华盖,小到荷包、坐垫,都是她们的“病人”。织绣品的“诊断”、
“治疗”都是需要极度耐心和细心的活儿。别说其他复杂的修复工艺,仅除尘
这项看似简单的操作,就很“磨性子”。而宫里的织绣文物经由这些专业“绣娘”
修复后,焕发出新的生命。想进一步了解她们的工作吗?快走进今天China
Daily的文章吧。
课前讨论
① “reversible”是什么意思?
② 你知道故宫的哪些宫殿名称?
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
Beauty is probably the reason that has kept them sitting in front of exquisite
centuries-old woven pieces and forgetting the flow of time.
重 点 单 词 exquisite [ k skw z t; ekskw z t] adj. 1) 精美的;精致的 【例】
exquisite craftsmanship 精美的工艺 2) 剧烈的;强烈的 【例】exquisite
pain/pleasure 剧烈的疼痛/极大的快乐 3) 微妙的;雅致的;敏锐的;敏感的
【例】an exquisite sense of timing 时机把握得恰到好处 词根:exquisite = ex
(向外) + quis (寻求) + ite → 精益求精。
拓展延伸:requisite [ rekw z t] n. 必需的事物 【例】toilet requisites 洗漱用品
重 点 单 词 weave [wi v] v. 1) (用手或机器)编,织 【例】Most spiders
weave webs that are almost invisible. 大多数蜘蛛可结成几乎看不见的网。 2)
(把……)编成,编纂成,编造(故事等) 【例】The biography weaves
together the various strands of Einstein's life. 这部传记把爱因斯坦一生的各个
方面编纂成书。词根:与web、wave同源

能让她们一直坐在历经百年的精致罗裳面前,忘记时间的流逝,这其中缘由大概就是跨越
历史的罗裳之美。
Qu Tingting has worked in the textile conservation studio of the Palace Museum
in Beijing since 2013. Doing the needlework on ancient Chinese embroidery,
silk pieces and other types of textiles, Qu says she does not have even one
moment of boredom. With fashion designing as her major in college, Qu says
that being a doctor curing the ancient textiles is an ideal choice.
重 点 单 词 embroidery [ m br d ri] n. 1) 绣花;刺绣图案;刺绣品 2) 刺绣
技法;刺绣
拓展延伸:embroider [ m br d (r)] v. 刺绣 【例】She embroidered flowers on the cushion
covers. 她在这些靠垫套上绣了花。 词根:embroider = em (进入,使) + broid (编制,辫子,
=braid) + er

自2013年起,曲婷婷就在北京故宫博物院的织绣修复组工作。对着中国古代刺绣、丝绸和
其他类型的织绣品做针线活,曲婷婷表示她一点都不感到无聊。她大学学的是服装设计,
所以她觉得当一名古代织绣品的“医生”不失为一个理想的职业选择。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
No matter how sparkling these textiles were when they first came to the
Forbidden City, they were dusty when they were handed to conservators later.
Using a specially designed "miniature vacuum cleaner", an area up to the size of
a hand can be cleaned a day. These relics deserve the utmost caution as textiles
are one of the most fragile cultural relics in the museum.
重 点 单 词 sparkling [ spɑ kl ] adj. 1) 闪烁的;闪耀的 【例】"Sparkling
Cyanide" 《闪光的氰化物》 2) 出色的;上乘的 【例】The champion was in
sparkling form. 夺冠者状态极佳。
拓展延伸:spark:[spɑ k] n. 火花;火星 【例】"Sparks Fly" 《火花飞舞》
重 点 单 词 miniature [ m n t (r); m n t r] adj. 很小的;微型的;小型的
【例】miniature roses 小玫瑰花
拓展延伸:minute:[ma nju t] adj. 极小的;微小的;细微的 。【例】minute amounts of
chemicals in the water 水中含量极小的化学成分 词根:miniature vs. minute
重 点 单 词 fragile [ fr d a l] adj. 1) 易碎的;易损的 2) 纤巧的;精细的;
纤巧美丽的 【例】fragile beauty 纤美 3) 不牢固的;脆弱的 【例】a fragile
relationship 不牢固的关系
拓展延伸:frail [fre l] adj. 1) 瘦弱的 【例】Mother was becoming too frail to live alone. 母亲
已逐渐衰弱到无法独居。 2) 弱的;易损的;易碎的 【例】Human nature is frail. 人性脆弱。

无论这些织绣品初到紫禁城时是多么的光鲜精致,送到修复师手上时都是灰扑扑的。修复
师使用专门设计的“微型吸尘器”,一天可以清洁一只手掌大小的区域。处理这些织绣文
物需要十分谨慎,因为它们是故宫中最脆弱的文物之一。
Royal garments and Peking Opera costumes are the signature relics in this
category, but textiles were almost ubiquitous in the former imperial palace and
used to make windows, paintings, folding fans, cushions, pillows, bedsheets,
valances, and other interior decorations. The artisans were generous in
demonstrating their creativity by weaving auspicious patterns in corners of the
imperial palace.
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
重 点 单 词 garment [ ɡɑ m nt] n. (一件)衣服 【释】a piece of clothing
【例】woollen garments 毛衣
拓展延伸:1) undergarment [ nd ɡɑ m nt ] n. 内衣 【释】a piece of underwear 2) apparel
[ p r l ] n. (商店出售的)衣服,服装 【释】clothing, when it is being sold in shops/stores
【例】The store sells women's and children's apparel. 这家商店出售女装和童装。
重 点 单 词 ubiquitous [ju b kw t s] 重 点 单 词 valance [ v l ns] n.
adj. 似乎无所不在的;十分普遍的 (床架等四周的)短帷幔,布帘
重 点 单 词 interior [ n t ri (r)] adj. 内部的;里面的 【释】connected with
the inside part of sth 【例】interior walls 内墙 n. 内部;里面 【释】the inside
part of sth 【例】the interior of a building/a car 楼房/汽车的内部
拓展延伸:exterior [ k st ri (r)] adj. 外面的;外部的;外表的 【例】The filming of the
exterior scenes was done on the moors. 外景是在沼泽地拍摄的。n. (尤指建筑物的)外部,
外观,表面,外貌 【例】The exterior of the house needs painting. 房子外墙需要油漆。
重 点 单 词 auspicious [ sp s] adj. 吉利的;吉祥的 【释】showing signs
that sth is likely to be successful in the future 【例】an auspicious start to the
new school year 新学年的开门红
拓展延伸:auspice [ sp s] n. 预兆;吉兆 词根:auspice = au (=avi[s],鸟) + spic (=spec,
看) + e → 观鸟占卜以断吉凶

织绣品的标志性文物是皇家服饰和京剧服饰,但在原本的皇宫中,织绣品几乎无处不在,
由它们制成的窗户、画卷、折扇、床垫、枕头、床单、帷幔和其他室内装饰品随处可见。
织绣工匠尽情展现他们的创造力,在皇宫的每一个角落编织着象征吉祥如意的图案。
Consequently, following the renovation of the palatial architecture, more textile
relics were sent to the conservation studio. For example, in the ongoing
renovation of the Hall of Mental Cultivation - the last eight Qing emperors'
residence - conservators have new tasks: the daily-use articles were moved from
that hall to the studio.
重 点 单 词 palatial [p le ( )l] adj. 重 点 单 词 article [ ɑ t k( )l] n. 物
宫殿般的;富丽堂皇的 件,物品(尤指整套中的一件)
重 点 词 组 the Hall of Mental Cultivation 养心殿
拓展延伸:1) 乾清宫:the Palace of Heavenly Purity 2) 储秀宫:the Palace of Gathering
Excellence 3) 慈宁宫:the Palace of Benevolent Peace
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事

因此,随着宫殿的修缮,有更多的织绣文物被送到了修复组。例如,在养心殿(清朝最后
八位皇帝的寝宫)进行修缮期间,修复师就有了新的任务:将养心殿中的日常用品搬到工
作室去做修复。
The fixed textiles are usually not taken back to their original homes in the palace.
As a way to prolong their life, they are kept in the warehouse where the
temperature is maintained between 17 and 25℃ and humidity between 50 and
60 percent.
重 点 单 词 humidity [hju m d ti] n. 1) (空气中的)湿度 2) 湿热;高温潮
湿 【例】These plants need heat and humidity to grow well. 这些植物在高温
潮湿的环境中才能生长得旺盛。

已修复的织绣品通常不会再被送回它们原来所属的宫殿。为了“延长它们的寿命”,修复
师将它们保存在仓库中,仓库温度保持在17-25℃,湿度则保持在50-60%。
A modern technical approach is helping the conservators work in a way that
could not be imagined by ancient artisans, like analysis of specific material. In
the old days, people could only refer to their eyes, fingers and experiences.
重 点 单 词 conservators 重 点 单 词 analysis [ n l s s] n.
[ k ns ( )ve t z] n. 文物修复员;文 (对物质的)分析;(对事物的)分析结
物保护员 果

现代的科技手段可以帮助修复师做到一些古代纺织工匠无法想象的事,例如对特定材料进
行分析。而在过去,人们只能依靠他们的眼睛、手指和经验来判断材料。
"A basic principle in our work is not to touch the textile until it is necessary,"
Chen Yang, a leading conservator in the studio, says. "But even with the help of
analytical machines, we cannot be absolutely sure we chose the right material or
drafted the perfect conservation plan."
重 点 单 词 touch [t t ] v. 触摸;接 重 点 单 词 machines [m i nz] n.
触;触及;移动 n.触觉;触感;触 机械装置;(不提全称时的简略说
摸;触;碰;修饰;作风;一点儿; 法)机器;(组织的)核心机构 v.(用
轻微;边线以外的区域 机器)制造,加工成型
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事

“我们工作中的一个基本原则是,非必要时不触摸纺织品”。修复组组长陈杨说道。“但
即使有分析机器的帮助,我们也无法保证我们选择的材料是正确的或者拟定的修复计划是
完备的。”
So, all the fixing on the textiles are "reversible", Chen says. Newly added
materials will not be directly sewed with the original fibers. They will be made
into liners that can be later removed if necessary. If some parts of paintings on
textiles are worn out, the conservators will not use their needles to remake the
missing images.
重 点 单 词 reversible [r v s b( )l] adj. 1) 可逆的;可恢复原状的;可医治
的 【例】reversible kidney failure 可医治的肾衰竭 2) 可翻转的;可两面穿
的;正反两用的 【例】a reversible jacket 可两面穿的夹克
拓展延伸:1) reverse [r v s] v. 颠倒;彻底转变;使完全相反 【例】The government has
failed to reverse the economic decline. 政府未能扭转经济滑坡的趋势。 2) 同根词:converse
[k n v s] v. 交谈 perverse [p v s] adj. 执拗的,不通情达理的
重 点 单 词 liner [ la n (r)] n. 1) 衬 重 点 词 组 wear out 磨损,耗尽;
里;内衬 【例】nappy liners 尿布衬 穿破;使精疲力竭 【例】Cheap
垫 2) 眼线= eyeliner shoes soon wear out. 便宜鞋子不耐穿。

因此,陈杨表示,她们对织绣品的所有修复都是“可逆的”。新添加的纺织材料不会直接
与原始纤维缝在一起。它们将被制成内衬,方便未来在必要的时候将其移除。如果织绣品
绘画图案的某些部分磨损了,修复人员也不会用她们的针来重新绘制丢失的图案。
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