【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】13 Can the big cats survive the human assault?

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【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】13 Can the big cats survive the human assault?

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0113
Can the big cats survive the
human assault
扫码听讲解 虎年,如何用英语聊聊老虎?
文章导读
在你的心目中,老虎是一种什么样的存在?是山中霸王?还是被圈养的
猛兽?说起老虎,人们可能会想到不少成语——虎虎生风、龙虎精神、龙腾
虎跃,也可能会想到武松打虎中“吊睛白额大虫”,想到虎食人卣的那个张开
血盆大口令人望而生畏的青铜老虎。从古至今,老虎既是自然界中的重要部
分,也是文人墨客笔下的权力象征。如今,野生老虎数量愈发下降,栖息地
不断缩小,生存危机愈发凸显。对此,文章作者发表了自己的观点,就让我
们一起来看今天的China Daily精读文章。
课前讨论
① “pay lip service”是什么意思?
② 谈谈文中你最喜欢的关于老虎的描写。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
It is admired, respected, feared and hated in equal measure depending on where
you live and what your livelihood is. It also inspires, has an aura of its own, is
the subject of myths and legends, and symbolizes strength and power. It is even
depicted as a vessel of powerful deities and worshipped. It has adorned the
emblems of kings and emperors. Indeed, it is a royal beast.
重 点 单 词 aura [ r ] n. 气氛; 重 点 单 词 vessel [ vesl] 1)(盛
氛围;气质 【例】She always has 液体的)容器,器皿 【例】a
an aura of confidence. Bronze Age drinking vessel 青铜器
重 点 单 词 emblem [ embl m] 1) 时代的饮具 2)(人或动物的)血
(代表国家或组织的)徽章,标记, 管,脉管;(植物的)导管。【例】
图案 2)象征;标志 blood vessel 血管
重 点 词 组 in equal measure 以同样的尺度,在同等程度上 【例】Our
thanks are due in equal measure to every member of the team. 我们同样感谢每
一位队员。
拓展延伸:emblematic 1) 标志的;象征(性)的 2) 特有的;典型的;有代表性的

一说到虎,人们对它又敬又畏,又惧又恨。具体是哪种情感,则取决于你生活的地方以
及你的生计。虎也能鼓舞人心,自带光环,它是神话传说的主角,象征着力量与权力。
它甚至被描绘成强大神祇的化身,受人们崇拜。它是皇室徽章上的装饰,它的确是一只
皇家猛兽。
It is known for its adaptability, for it has survived, and once thrived, in terrains
as different as the hot and humid, almost non-navigable mangroves of the
Gangetic Delta called the Sunderbans in India and Bangladesh, the tropical and
subtropical forests, moist evergreen forests and tropical dry forests in India, the
temperate forests up to an altitude of 4,000 meters in Bhutan, and the freezing
temperate mixed forests in Russia, Northeast China and the Korean Peninsula.
重 点 单 词 adaptability 重 点 单 词 temperate [ temp r t, -
[ d pt b l ti] n. 适应性;可变性; pr t] 1)气候温和的;温带的 【例】
适合性 The Nile Valley keeps a temperate
重 点 单 词 moist [m st] adj. 微 climate throughout the year. 尼罗河
湿的;湿润的 【例】Her e ye s 流域全年气候温和。 2)温和的;
were moist. 她眼含泪水。 心平气和的;自我克制的
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
长 难 句 分 析 It is known for its adaptability (主句,主语it指代老虎), for (表
原因) it has survived, and once thrived, in terrains (原因状语从句,核心主谓状
部分) as different as (后接地点举例) the hot and humid, almost non-navigable
mangroves of the Gangetic Delta called the Sunderbans in India and Bangladesh
(地点列举1), the tropical and subtropical forests, moist evergreen forests and
tropical dry forests in India (地点列举2), the temperate forests up to an altitude of
4,000 meters in Bhutan (地点列举3), and the freezing temperate mixed forests in
Russia, Northeast China and the Korean Peninsula (地点列举4).

虎凭借其极强的适应能力而闻名于世,再复杂多变的土地上都有它们的身影。无论是印
度和孟加拉国的桑德班斯恒河三角洲那炎热潮湿、几乎不能通航的红树林,印度的热带
和亚热带森林、湿润常绿林和热带旱生林,不丹海拔4000米的温带林,还是俄罗斯、中
国东北部和朝鲜半岛的寒温带混交林,都有老虎出没,而且它们曾经还数量繁多。
Yet the big cat is in danger, in danger of extinction, because the very people
who admire and respect it also love and hate it. They hate it because they believe
it is encroaching upon their land, instead of the other way round, and attacks
and kills their cattle, even fellow folk. They love it, because they can hunt it and
earn precious money by selling its skin, bones, teeth, organs and other parts.
重 点 单 词 extinction [ k st k n] n. 灭绝; (植物、动物、生活方式等的)绝
种; 消亡【例】The mountain gorilla is on the verge of extinction.居住在山区
的大猩猩已濒临灭绝。
重 点 单 词 encroach [ n kr t ] 1) v. 侵蚀,蚕食(土地)【例】The
growing town soon encroached on the surrounding countryside. 这个不断扩大
的城市不久便将周围的农村变成了市区。2) v. 侵占(某人的时间);侵犯
(某人的权利);扰乱(某人的生活等) 【例】He never allows work to
encroach upon his family life. 他从不让工作扰乱他的家庭生活。 词根:
encroach = en (使) + croach (钩子,=hook)
拓展延伸:encroachment n. 侵入,侵犯;侵蚀

然而,老虎这一大型猫科动物正处于濒临灭绝的危险之中,因为那些欣赏和尊重它的人
也正是喜欢和憎恨它的人。他们憎恨老虎,因为他们认为老虎在侵占他们的土地(而不
是反过来),攻击杀害他们的牲畜,甚至杀害人类。同时他们喜爱老虎,因为他们可以
杀掉老虎,然后贩卖虎皮、虎骨、虎牙以及其他器官和身体部位,赚取大量的钱财。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
So since this year is "Year of the Tiger", it's an opportune moment to consider
the plight of the big cats, and real action to provide them and their habitats with
foolproof protection.
重 点 单 词 plight [pla t] n. 苦难; 重 点 单 词 foolproof [ fu lpru f] adj.
困境;苦境 【例】The African 使用简便的;完全可靠的;万无一失
elephant is in a desperate plight. 非 的 【例】This recipe is foolproof - it
洲象正面临绝境。 works every time.
重 点 单 词 opportune [ p tju n] 1) adj. 恰好的;适当的;恰当的 【例】
The offer could not have come at a more opportune moment. 那个建议提得正
是时候。2) adj.及时的;适时的 【例】an opportune remark 适时的言辞
拓展延伸:inopportune adj. 不合时宜的;不是时候的

因此,赶上今年是农历“虎年”,现在是时候好好考虑一下老虎面临的困境了,并考虑
应该采取什么样的实际行动来为它们和它们的栖息地提供安全可靠的保护。
The tiger no longer burns bright in "the forests of the night", as William Blake
conceived it in his eponymous poem The Tyger. It no longer seems that an
"immortal hand or eye" framed its "fearful symmetry". Rather it appears "he
who made the Lamb" favored such innocent, cuddly creatures to survive the
wrath of humans despite falling under their knives in millions each year, not
the one that sits atop the food chain.
重 点 单 词 conceive [k n si:v] v. 重 点 单 词 eponymous [ p n m s] adj.
想出(主意、计划等);想象; (与标题)同名的 【例】Don Quixote,
构想;设想【例】I cannot eponymous hero of the great novel by
conceive what it must be like. 我 Cervantes. 堂吉诃德——塞万提斯巨著
想象不出它会是什么样子。 中与书同名的主人公。
重 点 单 词 cuddly [ k dli] 1) 重 点 单 词 wrath [r θ; r θ] n. 盛怒;
令人想拥抱的 2) 柔软而令人想 震怒;怒火 【释】extreme anger 【例】
搂抱的 【例】a cuddly rabbit 逗 the wrath of God 上帝的愤怒
人爱抚的玩具兔
拓展延伸:cuddle v. 拥抱;搂抱 【例】The little boy cuddled the teddy bear close. 小男孩
紧紧地搂着玩具熊。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
长 难 句 分 析 Rather (表转折) it (虚义主语,无实意) appears (系动词,后接
that从句,此处省略了that) "he who made the Lamb" (从句主语) favored (从句
谓语) such innocent, cuddly creatures (从句宾语1) to survive the wrath of
humans (从句宾语1补足语,说明羔羊被偏爱的表现) despite (介词,后接名
词或名词性结构) falling under their (指人类) knives in millions each year (动名
词结构,逻辑主语是creatures,或者说羔羊), not the one (从句宾语2,和羔羊
作比较的另一种动物,也就是老虎。结合William Blake的诗句原文会更好理
解) that sits atop the food chain (定语从句,更加说明the one是老虎).

今天的老虎,不再像威廉·布莱克(William Blake)在他的同名诗《虎》中所想象的那样,
是在“黑夜的森林”中燃烧着的煌煌的火光。它似乎也不再是“神手或天眼”造就的那
般“威武堂堂”。相反,比起位于食物链顶端的老虎,那“创造羔羊的人”——上帝,
似乎更偏爱无辜、可爱的羔羊,希望它们能够在人类的愤怒之中存活下来,尽管每年有
数百万的羔羊倒在人类的刀下。
The tiger has survived for thousands of years, the last 100-odd years against all
odds. But perhaps it cannot withstand the human onslaught anymore, and
could soon become extinct in the wild. The fact that the number of wild tigers
has declined drastically from more than 100,000 at the turn of the last
century to just about 3,900 today is enough reason for us to mourn.
重 点 单 词 onslaught [ nsl t] n. 重 点 短 语 against all odds 突破
攻 击 ; 猛 攻 【 例 】 T h e t o w n 万难 【例】Against all odds, they
survives the onslaught of tourists didn't give up. 尽管形势不利,他
every summer. 每年夏天,这座小 们也没有放弃。
城都要熬过一段旅游者蜂拥而至 重 点 短 语 at the turn o f the
的苦日子。 century 在世纪之交
拓展延伸:slaughter n. 屠宰;宰杀 【例】cows taken for slaughter 待宰奶牛

老虎这个物种已经在地球上生存了几千年了,最近一百多年活得尤为艰难。但也许它们
已经无法再承受人类的猛攻,很快就会在野外灭绝了。野生老虎的数量从20世纪初期的
10万多只急剧下降到今天的差不多3900只,仅凭这一点就足以让我们为之痛惜。
If governments and political leaders do not stop paying lip service and instead
take serious measures to conserve the natural habitats of tigers and end the
menace of poaching, the tiger could soon be in the company of the only
mythical beast in the Chinese Zodiac - the dragon. 74
China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
重 点 短 语 pay lip service 口头 重 点 单 词 zodiac [ z di k] n. 黄道带
承诺,说空话,光说不练 【例】 【例】the signs of the zodiac
All the parties pay lip service to 重 点 单 词 mythical [ m θ k l] adj. 神
environmental issues. 对环境问题, 话 的 ; 神 话 里 的 【 例 】 m y t h i c a l
各方都是口惠而实不至。 heroes 神话里的英雄
重 点 单 词 menace [ men s] n. 威胁;危险的人(或物)【例】a new
initiative aimed at beating the menace of illegal drugs 旨在打击非法毒品威胁
的新举措

如果政府和领导人不停止开“空头支票”的行为,也不认真采取措施保护老虎的自然栖
息地并消除偷猎的威胁,老虎可能很快就会与中国十二生肖中唯一的神兽——龙为伍了。
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