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0115
I thank the saints that
preserve nation's 'pantheon'
如何用英文聊莫高窟？
扫码听讲解
文章导读
前秦时期，一位德行高超的名僧西游途径敦煌，见千佛闪耀，心有所悟，
于是，凿下第一个石窟。此后的1000年，人们纷纷在此建洞修禅，这就是敦
煌莫高窟。风沙挥不去它历史的厚重，敦煌的千年为人类留下了一座跨越时
间、空间的文化宝库。有人说：“人这一生，一定要去一次敦煌。”何谓敦
煌？敦者，大也；煌者，盛也。来敦煌就是来见证从魏晋到盛唐的昔日辉煌，
来敦煌就是来感受莫高窟的信仰，来听一听敦煌石窟艺术背后的故事。今天，
我们要一起来看一篇China Daily的外籍记者到敦煌之后写下的一篇随笔。
课前讨论
① “pantheon”是什么？
② 文中用了哪些词表示“持续不间断的”？
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
In the center of Rome stands the Pantheon - a temple dedicated to all gods. A
mere 6,611 kilometers away, China has its own "pantheon" - the Mogao Caves in
Dunhuang, Northwest China's Gansu province.
重 点 词 组 the Pantheon 万神庙 【背景知识】万神庙，又名万神殿、潘
提翁神殿，位于今意大利罗马，古罗马时期的宗教建筑，后改建成一座教
堂，是古罗马时期最重要的建筑成就之一。
译
罗马的中心矗立一座供奉众神的万神庙。而就在6611公里之外，中国也有自己的“万神
庙”——位于中国西北部甘肃省敦煌市的莫高窟。
Mogao is a complex of caves chiseled out of the side of a sandstone and
sedimentary rock cliff that stretches almost 2 km beside a dry riverbed in the
Gobi Desert.
重 点 单 词 sedimentary 重 点 单 词 chisel [ t z( )l] ：n. 凿
[sed mentri] adj. （岩石）沉积的 子；錾子 v. 1) （用凿子）凿，刻，
【释】(of rock) made from 雕 【例】A name was chiselled into
sediment left by the action of water, the stone. 2) 欺骗；欺诈；宰（人）
ice or wind 【例】sedimentary rock 【例】They ch i se led h im ou t o f
沉积岩 hundreds of dollars.
译
莫高窟是从砂岩和沉积岩断崖的一侧凿出来的洞穴群，该断崖位于戈壁沙漠干涸的河床旁，
南北长约近2公里。
Another name for the site is the Thousand-Buddha Caves. This is apt because in
the caves are a vast wealth of Buddhist artworks, murals, statues, meditation
chambers, burial sites and living quarters dating back as far as the Eastern Jin
Dynasty (317-420).
重 点 单 词 apt [ pt] adj. （话语、 重 点 词 组 a wealth of 大量；丰富
描述或选择）合适的，恰当的， 的 【例】Russia has a wealth of coal
贴切的 【例】an apt description of and timber. 俄罗斯有丰富的煤炭和木
the situation 对这种情况恰如其分 材资源。
的描述
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
译
莫高窟又名“千佛洞”，这个名字非常贴切，因为窟里有大量最早可以追溯到东晋时期
（317-420年）的佛教艺术品、壁画、雕塑、禅窟、瘞窟和生活区。
The city of Dunhuang has, for centuries, been a key outpost on the ancient Silk
Road, providing shelter and respite for weary traders along the route east to west
or vice versa. And it is because of its location that the Mogao Caves can also be
called a pantheon. It is not just Buddhist art that adorns its walls.
重 点 单 词 outpost [ a tp st] n. 重 点 单 词 respite [ respa t] n. 暂停；
贸易站；前哨基地；(设在国外的)军 暂时中止；暂时缓 解 【 例 】 I t wa s
事基地 【例】a some weeks now since they had had any
police/military/colonial outpost 警察 respite from shellfire. 他们已经好几周
哨所/军事前哨基地/殖民地边远居民 没有在炮火中获得任何喘息的机会了。
点
拓展延伸：respire /r spa (r)/ v. 呼吸 【释】to inhale and exhale (air); breathe
译
几个世纪以来，敦煌一直是古丝绸之路上的一个重要前哨，供在东西方奔波的疲惫商人沿
途寄宿、休息。莫高窟之所以也可以称为“万神庙”，正是因为它的地理位置。莫高窟的
岩壁上装饰的不仅仅是佛教艺术。
There are Taoist artworks, traditional Chinese mythological characters depicted,
as well as influences from Central Asia, the Middle East and Europe.
重 点 单 词 traditional [tr d nl] adj.传统的; 习俗的; 惯例的; 因袭的; 守
旧的 【例】The dietetic culture is an essential part of the traditional Chinese
culture.饮食文化是中国传统文化的重要组成部分。
译
这里有道教艺术作品，有中国古代神话人物形象，还有来自中亚、中东和欧洲的元素。
In Cave 285, in the mural "500 Robbers Becoming Buddha", there can be seen
both Taoist and traditional Chinese mythological figures, such as Lei Gong,
Fuxi, Nyuwa and the Vermilion Bird.
重 点 单 词 mythological [m θ l d kl] adj.神话的; 神话学的 【例】He is
remembered for his historical and mythological works. 他以其带有历史感和神
话色彩的作品而著称。
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
译
在第285窟的《五百强盗成佛图》中，既能看到道教人物，也能看到中国古代神话中的人
物，比如雷公、伏羲、女娲和朱雀。
In the same cave, there is, arguably, a depiction of the Greek god Apollo.
重 点 单 词 arguably [ ɑ ɡju bli] adv. 可论证地；可以说；按理说 【例】
He is arguably the world's best football player. 他可以说是世界上最好的足球
运动员。
译
同样在第285窟，可以说，还有古希腊太阳神阿波罗的形象。
In the Library Cave, so called because of the wealth of documents that were
discovered inside in 1900, there can be found manuscripts written in Sanskrit,
ancient Turkic languages and Christian prayers in Hebrew - adding to the
pantheon credo.
重 点 单 词 credo [ kri d ; kre d ] n. 信条；教义 【例】Lord Clarendon's
liberal credo was one of the foundations of his political conduct. 克拉伦登勋爵的
自由主义信条是他从事政治活动的一大基础。
长 难 句 分 析 In the Library Cave (地点状语), so called (过去分词作后置定
语，修饰the Library Cave) because of the wealth of documents (原因状语) that
were discovered inside in 1900 (定语从句，修饰documents), there can be found
manuscripts written in Sanskrit, ancient Turkic languages and Christian prayers
in Hebrew (主句) - adding to the pantheon credo (现在分词短语作状语).
译
在藏经洞（之所以叫藏经洞，是因为1900年在这里发现了海量文书经卷）中，有梵语、
古突厥语的手稿，还有希伯来语的基督教祷文——这让这个“万神庙”更加名副其实。
When I experienced Mogao Caves and Dunhuang for the first time, the mighty
heft and weight of history was palpable; the intricacy of the artwork awe-
inspiring and the stories told beautiful.
重 点 单 词 palpable [ p lp b( )l] adj. 可感知的，易察觉的；触摸得到的
【例】Her joy was palpable. 她的快乐全写在脸上。
拓展延伸：palpate /p l pe t/ v. 触诊；扪诊；触摸检查
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
译
我第一次去敦煌和莫高窟的时候，就实实在在地感受到了历史的厚重，艺术品的精美令人
心生敬畏，而其中所讲的故事也很美丽。
If the caves represent the ingenuity of humans and their ability to create and
shape their world, then the Gobi represents the beauty and unremitting power of
nature.
重 点 单 词 unremitting [ nr m t ] adj. 未停止的；未减弱的；不懈的
【释】Something that is unremitting continues without stopping or becoming
less intense. 【例】The weather was unremittingly awful. 天气一直很糟糕。
译
如果说莫高窟代表了人类的聪明才智以及他们创造和塑造世界的能力，那么戈壁沙漠则代
表了大自然的美丽和不懈的力量。
For many, the feeling one gets when dipping their toes in the ocean or breathing
cr isp mountain air is a unique experience, indelibly tied to the landscape. So too
is the unique feeling one experiences when in the desert.
重 点 单 词 crisp [kr sp] adj. （天气）清新的，凉爽的，干燥的 【释】
Weather that is pleasantly fresh, cold, and dry can be described as crisp. 【例】a
wonderful crisp spring morning 一个晴爽的春日清晨
译
对许多人来说，把脚浸在海里，或呼吸山间清爽的空气都是一种独特的体验，这种体验与
所处的风景有着不可分割的联系。在沙漠的独特体验也是如此。
Golden dunes stretch out into the distance, undulating like the sea in a storm.
Sand is whipped up by the wind and carried, spreading the desert's influence
further and further. The desert is one harsh and amazing environment. It's been
months since my visit and I still have sand in my shoes.
重 点 单 词 undulating [ ndjule t ] 重 点 单 词 whip [w p] v. （风等）
adj. 起伏不平的 【例】undulating 猛烈地抽打 【例】A terrible wind
roads/waves 起起伏伏的公路/波浪 whipped our faces. 狂风吹打着我们
的脸。
译
金色的沙丘向远方绵延，如同风暴中起伏的海浪。风吹起沙，把沙带向远方，把沙漠的影
响越传越远。沙漠严酷而神奇。距我去敦煌已经好几个月了，但我的鞋里至今还有沙子。
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
It is remarkable that many of the artworks of Mogao exist today considering the
relentless power of the desert and the climate that they were made in.
重 点 单 词 relentless [r lentl s] adj. 1) 不停的；持续强烈的；不减弱的
【例】her relentless pursuit of perfection 她对完美的不懈追求 2) 不放弃的；
严格的；苛刻的；无情的 【例】a relentless enemy 残酷的敌人
译
考虑到沙漠常年环境和气候严酷，莫高窟在沙漠中形成的许多艺术品留存至今可谓是一
个奇迹。
But here is where humans step in once more. Work, in turn, is relentlessly being
carried out to preserve and protect the treasures of Mogao. Stakeholders such as
the Dunhuang Academy, and others, work tir elessly to ensure what remains
there today, remains there for future generations, too.
重 点 单 词 tirelessly ['ta l sl ] adv. 不倦地【例】He worked tirelessly for
the cause of health and safety. 他孜孜不倦地致力于健康和安全事业。
译
但这就是人类再一次介入的地方。相应地，相关部门也在不遗余力地保存和保护莫高窟
的珍宝。敦煌研究院等相关方正驰而不息，确保今天留在那里的东西也能让子孙后代也
看到。
Technology is being used to aid the preservation work, such as 3D modeling,
digital tours and special glass designed to protect the artworks from damage that
can be caused by light.
重 点 词 组 be caused by 由…引起; 所致【例1】Roughness of the skin can
be caused by bad diet. 饮食不好可能引起皮肤粗糙。 【例2】 Brain lesions
can be caused by bacterial infections. 大脑损伤可能由细菌感染引起。
译
人们正在利用技术来辅助保护工作，比如3D建模、数字旅游和保护艺术品免受光照可能
造成的破坏的特殊玻璃等。
And by god, all gods, in fact, its preservation is important.
重 点 词 组 by god 表示强烈语气 【例】The whole thing is by God
unimaginable. 整件事完全难以想象。
译
事实上，真的，好好保护它真的很重要！
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