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Flowing through time
大运河：流淌在时间的长河之中
扫码听讲解
文章导读
大运河是世代中国人的作品，也见证着中国的变迁，更承载着一代代中
国人的深厚情感。《马可波罗游记》也曾感叹元朝时期大运河的繁盛：“第三
日晚上便抵达新洲码头（今山东济宁），城的南端有一条很深的大河经过，
河中航行的船舶数量之多，几乎令人不敢相信。”如今，大运河依旧波光闪耀，
依然是我们民族历史的百科全书和中华文化的精神家园。2017年，习近平总
书记指出：大运河是祖先留给我们的宝贵遗产，是流动的文化，要统筹保护
好、传承好、利用好。今天的China Daily，让我们在大运河历史的长流中，
一起探索这条人工水道辉煌而丰富的历史。
课前讨论
① “疏浚”英语怎么说？
② “endemic”是什么意思？
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
Esteemed 11th-century writer and poet Qin Guan described a serene night in his
poem, Han Gou: "Frost brings a chill to Han Gou, and the water looks quite clear;
on such a freezing night, a myriad stars light up boats. Deep from the dense
water plants come, surprisingly, the sounds of words and the laughter of people."
重 点 单 词 serene [s ri n] adj. 平 重 点 单 词 chill [t l] n. 寒冷；寒
静的；安详的 【例1】the beautiful 意，凉意
and serene park 美丽而宁静的公园 重 点 单 词 myriad [ m ri d; m ri d]
【 例 2 】 T o t h e e n d h i s m i n d 无数；大量；各种各样
remained serene and undisturbed. 直
拓展延伸：词组：a myriad/myriads of 大量的，
到生命最后一刻，他的心智一直是 无数的
安详、恬静的。
译
11世纪备受尊敬的文人、诗人秦观在他的诗歌《邗沟》中描述了一个宁静的夜晚：“霜落
邗沟积水清，寒星无数傍船明。菰蒲深处疑无地，忽有人家笑语声。”
Han Gou, a canal in today's Jiangsu province, ran across Qin's native city of
Gaoyou. It was dredged in the late fifth century BC in the state of Wu during the
tumultuous Spring and Autumn Period (770-476 BC).
重 点 单 词 canal [k n l] n. 运河； 重 点 单 词 dredge [dred ] v. 疏浚；
水道；沟渠 清淤；挖掘 【例】They have t o
重 点 单 词 tumultuous dredge the canal regularly to keep it
[tju m lt u s] adj. （事件，时期） open. 为了保持运河的畅通他们必须
动乱的，骚乱的，动荡的 【例】the 定期进行清淤作业。
tumultuous changes in Eastern Europe
动荡不安的东欧剧变
译
邗沟位于今天的江苏省，是一条流经秦朝时设立的城市高邮的运河，于公元前五世纪在春
秋乱世中（公元前770-476年）的吴国境内开凿而成。
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
Fuchai, who was then the king of Wu, ordered the construction of Han Gou to
connect the Yangtze and Huaihe rivers to facilitate the transportation of
soldiers and military supplies.
重 点 单 词 construction 重 点 单 词 transportation
[k n str k n] n.建造；构筑 [ tr nsp te n] n.运输；运送；输送
译
当时的吴王夫差下令修筑邗沟，将长江和淮河连接起来，方便士兵通行和军需物资运输。
The weight of history Qin felt that night at Han Gou continues to touch people
today. They appreciate his poem, which is printed on a wall at the National
Museum of China in Beijing, which also displays a bronze sword believed to
have been used by Fuchai that was unearthed in Anhui province in 1976.
长 难 句 分 析 T h ey appreciate his poem (主句), which is printed on a wall at
the National Museum of China in Beijing (定语从句，修饰peom), which also
displays a bronze sword (定语从句，修饰National Museum of China) believed
to have been used by Fuchai (过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰sword) that was
unearthed in Anhui province in 1976 (定语从句，修饰bronze sword).
译
秦观当年那个夜晚在邗沟感受到的历史厚重感至今仍触动着人心。人们很欣赏他的诗歌，
他的诗被印在了位于北京的中国国家博物馆的一面墙上。此外，国博还展示了一把于
1976年在安徽省出土的铜剑，据说当年夫差使用过。
These are being shown at the exhibition, Paddling for A Thousand Miles, until
March 1, to hail the storied history of the 3,200-kilometer-long Grand Canal.
重 点 单 词 s tor ied [ s t r id ] ad j . 经常提及的；有名的 【例】The i r
relationship was the most storied romance in Hollywood. 他们的恋情是好莱坞流
传最广的一段佳话。
译
这些目前都在国博的“舟楫千里——大运河文化展”中展出。展览将持续到（2021年）3
月1日，目的是颂扬充满传奇历史、长达3200公里的大运河。
Major extensions
译
主要扩建
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
Yang Guang, the Sui Dynasty (581-618) emperor Yangdi, was another key
figure in the network's development. Linking even more expansive areas in the
north and south became a main task for Sui rulers. The final network reached
Zhuojun in today's Beijing to the north and Yuhang in today's Hangzhou to the
south.
重 点 单 词 expansive [ k sp ns v] adj.广阔的；辽阔的；广泛的；豪爽的；
健谈的；扩张性的【例】Miss Hatherby felt expansive and inclined to talk.哈
瑟比小姐感到很爽朗，想讲话。
译
隋朝时期（581-618），隋炀帝杨广是另外一位对大运河的发展起到至关重要的作用的人
物。在那个时候，将南北地区更广泛地连接起来是隋朝统治者的一项重要任务。最终，
运河北到涿郡（今北京），南至余杭（今杭州）。
Subsequent dynasties, including the Ming (1368-1644), engaged in major
maintenance and small extensions to keep the vast transportation system clean
and efficient. The exhibition displays A Panoramic View of the Grand Canal, a
Ming-era scroll painting that chief curator Zhao Yong hails as "an important
item in the National Museum's collection".
重 点 单 词 panoramic [ p n r m k] 重 点 单 词 curate [ kj r t] v. 组
a d j . 全 景 的 ； 远 景 的 【 例 】 T h e 织 （ 展 览 ） 【 例 】 T h e H a y w a r d
terrain's high points provide a panoramic exhibition has been curated by the artist
view of Los Angeles. 在这个地区的制 Bernard Luthi. 海沃德艺术展是由艺
高点能够看到洛杉矶的全景。 术家伯纳德·吕蒂组织的。
拓展延伸：curator n. 策展人，也可指博物馆、图书馆等的馆长
译
后来的历朝历代，包括明朝（1368-1644）在内，对运河进行了大型维护和小型扩建，从
而让这个庞大的运输系统保持清洁高效。此次展览展出了明朝的长卷画作《明代运河全
图》。此次展览的主策展人赵永称其为“国家博物馆的一项重要藏品。”
When appreciating this centuries-old silk landscape painting, one can envision a
bustling scene at the time when boats loaded with grain from eight provinces
along the Grand Canal sailed to Beijing.
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
重 点 单 词 bustle [ b s( )l] v.1) 匆忙，忙碌【例】My mother bustled
around the kitchen. 我母亲在厨房忙得团团转。2) 繁忙，喧闹【例】The
sidewalks are bustling with people. 人行道上的行人熙熙攘攘。
拓展延伸：短语：hustle and bustle 喧闹嘈杂 【释】all the noise and activity
The Forbidden City: The Grand Canal runs through dozens of cities. But the
exhibition sheds light on the particularly close relationship between the canal
system and Beijing.
重 点 单 词 exhibition [ eks b n] n.展览；展出；展示；显示；表演【例】
I was invited as a special guestto attend the exhibition. 我作为特邀嘉宾收到邀
请参加展览。
译
紫禁城：大运河流经数十个城市，但此次展览更聚焦于大运河和北京城之间尤其密切的关
系。
Zhao says the palace complex was built using advanced techniques and
craftsmanship from different parts of the country.
重 点 单 词 craftsmanship [ krɑ ftsm n p] n. 技艺；技术；精工细作
译
赵永说，紫禁城宫殿建筑群的建造采用了来自当时全国各地的先进技术和工艺。
"For example, resources like the bricks fired in Linqing, Shandong province, and
Suzhou in Jiangsu, and gigantic timber cut in Hunan province were transported
to the imperial city along the canal's various sections," he says.
重 点 单 词 fire [ fa (r)] v. 重 点 单 词 timber [ t mb (r)] n. 木材；原
烧制（陶器等黏土制品） 木；树木【例】These trees are being grown
for timber. 这些树是供材用而栽种的。
译
赵永说：“比如，像山东临清和江苏苏州烧制的贡砖，以及从湖南砍伐下来的巨木这样的
资源，都是通过大运河的各个河段运输到京城的。”
The Grand Canal should even be credited with the origin of Peking roast duck,
which was once an imperial dish.
重 点 单 词 roast [r st] v.烤；炙adj.烤过的；烘过的；n.烤肉；待烤的肉
译
甚至当年的宫廷菜肴北京烤鸭的起源，也要归功于大运河。
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
A short animation played at the exhibition shows that white lake ducks endemic
to the south were shipped to Beijing. They were later domesticated to produce
Peking roast duck.
重 点 单 词 endemic [en dem k] 重 点 单 词 domesticate [d mest ke t] v.
n. （尤指疾病或情况）地方性的； 驯养；驯化 【例】Dogs were probably
（在某地或某些人中）特有的， the first animals to be domesticated. 狗很
流行的【例】Malaria is endemic in 可能是最早被驯化的动物。
many of the hotter regions of the 拓展延伸：同根词：domestic adj.① 本国的；
world. 疟疾流行于世界上许多气 国内的【例】Gross Domestic Product (GDP)
候较炎热的地区。 国内生产总值② 家用的；家庭的；家务的
【例】domestic violence 家庭暴力
译
展览中的一部短动画展示了南方本土的白水鸭通过水路运送到了北京，后来被人工养殖
起来做北京烤鸭。
Shan Jixiang, former director of the Palace Museum (Forbidden City), says that
because many materials used to build the compound arrived in Beijing via the
Grand Canal, ancient Beijing was, in some ways, "formed by and flowed from
the canal".
重 点 单 词 director [d rekt ] n.主 重 点 单 词 compound [ k mpa nd]
管；局长；处长；院长 n.（围起来的）场地，楼群，院落
译
前故宫博物院（紫禁城）院长单霁翔说，由于许多用来建造紫禁城的材料都是通过运河
运来北京的，所以从某种程度上来说，老北京城是“由运河而来，是大运河上‘漂’来
的。”
"This artificial waterway that runs across the nation is also a spiritual haven for
millions," he says.
重 点 单 词 haven [ he vn] n. 安全的地方；和平之地；庇护所 【例1】It's a
real haven at the end of a busy working day. 忙碌了一整天后，这真是一个安
乐窝。 【例2】tax haven 避税天堂
译
他说：“这条流经全国的人工水道，也是数百万人的精神家园。”
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