【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】09 Ancient murals restored with labors of love

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【英语阅读拓展:30个文化故事CHINA DAILY】09 Ancient murals restored with labors of love

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09
Ancient Murals Restored with Labors of Love
古代壁画修复难,工匠精神是关键
扫码听讲解
文章导读
壁画,指绘制在墙壁上的画,有岩石壁画、建筑壁画、墓葬壁画等。壁
画主要绘制于宫殿、寺观、石窟寺、墓室等,中国古代建筑以土木建筑为多,
宫殿、寺庙毁坏严重,故壁画在墓葬中保持的相对较完整。中国古代事死如
事生,对墓葬的营建与装饰极为重视,故而产生了墓葬壁画艺术。从西周到
清代,各时期墓葬中都发现了壁画。其中汉、唐最盛。壁画作为墓葬的构成
要素之一,成为与墓葬形制、葬具、随葬品一样象征等级的重要标志,也反
映出民族融合、文化交流、艺术风尚等元素。然而壁画因其材质使然,十分
脆弱,易受损坏,经过壁画修复专家严谨细致的修复后才能展出。本文讲述
的就是壁画与工匠的故事,一起跟着今天China Daily的文章,了解一下吧。
课前讨论
① “香火弥漫”、“云雾笼罩”用英文如何表达?
② 你对壁画了解多少?
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
Clouds and mist shroud the magnificent ancient buildings of an imperial palace,
with incense permeating the corridors before wafting beyond the city walls.
This magnificently detailed scene forms part of a mural discovered at the Tomb
of Prince Yide, the grandson of Emperor Li Zhi and Empress Wu Zetian during
the Tang Dynasty (618-907).
重 点 单 词 mist [m st] n. 薄雾;水汽【例】The hills were shrouded in mist.
这些小山被笼罩在薄雾之中。v.(使)结满雾气(模糊不清)【例】The
windows were misted up with condensation. 窗户上凝满了水珠,一片模糊。
重 点 单 词 shroud [ ra d] v. 1) (黑暗、云、织物等)覆盖;隐藏;遮蔽
【例】The city was shrouded in mist. 城市笼罩在雾霭之中。2) 隐瞒;保密
【例】His family background is shrouded in mystery. 他的家庭背景蒙上了神
秘的色彩。
重 点 单 词 incense [' nsens] n. 香 重 点 单 词 magnificent
(尤指宗教礼仪用的)v. 激怒; [m ɡ n f s( )nt] adj. 壮丽的;宏伟的;
使大怒【例】The decision 值得赞扬的【例】She looked
incensed the workforce. 这个决定激 magnificent in her wedding dress. 她穿
怒了劳工大众。 着婚纱,看上去美丽极了。
重 点 单 词 waft [wɑ:ft; w ft] v.(随风)飘荡;使飘荡;吹拂【例】The
sound of their voices wafted across the lake. 他们的声音飘过湖面传到了另一
边 。 n . 一 阵 , 一 股 ( 在 空 气 中 飘 荡 的 味 或 烟 ) 【 例 】 w a f t s o f
perfume/smoke 阵阵香气/缕缕青烟
重 点 单 词 permeate [ p mie t] v. 1)(液体、气体等) 渗透; 弥漫; 扩散
2) (思想、影响、感情等) 感染; 传播; 扩散 【例】a belief that permeates
all levels of society 深入社会各阶层的看法
重 点 单 词 mural [ mj r l] n. 壁画 【释】a painting, usually a large one,
done on a wall, sometimes on an outside wall of a building

宏伟的古代皇宫四周云雾笼罩,香火弥漫于宫殿长廊,消散于城墙之外,这壮观精致的画
面是唐代(618-907年)一处墓室壁画的组成部分,其主人为懿德太子,即唐高宗李治和
皇太后武则天的孙子。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
Located in Xianyang, Shaanxi province, the tomb is more than 85 kilometers
from downtown Xi'an, the provincial capital. The mural is in a collection that has
been housed at Shaanxi History Museum in Xi'an for more than two decades.
重 点 单 词 tomb [tu m] n. 坟墓 重 点 单 词 house [ha s] v. 收藏;安置

该陵墓位于陕西咸阳,距离省会西安市区85公里外。这幅壁画是西安陕西历史博物馆收藏
了二十多年的藏品。
In September, replicas of this mural and more than 40 others from the museum
were featured in an exhibition that formed a tour at universities in Taipei,
Taichung and Taoyuan in Taiwan.
重 点 单 词 replica [ repl k ] n. 复制品;仿制品。【例】a replica of the
Eiffel tower 一款埃菲尔铁塔复制品
拓展延伸 1) complex adj. 复杂的 2) replicate v. 复制
重 点 单 词 feature [ fi t (r)] v. 以……为特色;由……主演;以……为主
要组成【例】Many of the hotels featured in the brochure offer special deals for
weekend breaks. 小册子列举的多家旅馆都提供周末假日特惠。n. 特色;特
征;特点【例】An interesting feature of the city is the old market. 这座城市的
一个有趣特征就是古老的市场。

2020年9月,在中国台湾的台北、台中、桃园等地大学的巡回展览中,展出了这幅壁画复
制品及其他40多幅来自陕博的壁画复制品。
Liu Jia, a project manager for the Shaanxi Provincial Cultural Relics Exchange
Association and a curator for the exhibition, describes the murals as "time
capsules". "They reveal the prosperity during the Tang Dynasty, enabling us to
explore, research and verify how politics, society, art and culture developed at
that time," Liu said.
重 点 单 词 relic ['rel k] n. 遗物;遗迹;遗风;遗俗【例】The building
stands as the last remaining relic of the town's cotton industry. 该建筑是小镇棉
花产业的最后遗迹。
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
重 点 单 词 curator [kj re t (r)] n. 重 点 单 词 capsule [ k psju l] n.
博物馆或美术馆等的馆长,负责人 (装药物的)胶囊
重 点 单 词 verify [ ver fa ] v. 1) 核实;查对;核准 【例】We have no way
of verifying his story. 我们无法核实他所说的情况。2) 证明;证实 【例】Her
version of events was verified by neighbors. 她对这些事件的说法已得到邻居
的证实。

陕西省文物交流协会项目主管、此次展览的策展人刘佳(音译)将这些壁画形容为“时间
胶囊”。他说:“它们展示了唐代的繁荣,使得我们能够探索、研究和验证当时的政治、
社会、艺术和文化是如何发展的。”
Murals discovered in underground graves were often badly affected by moisture,
mold and bacteria. They needed to be restored and cared for before going on
display. Yang Wenzong, 57, deputy director of the museum's mural collection
base and a graduate from the School of Culture and Museology at Northwest
University in Xi'an, started work on restoring cultural relics immediately after
joining Shaanxi History Museum in 1986.
重 点 单 词 moisture [ m st (r)] n. 重 点 单 词 deputy [ depjuti] n. 副手;
潮气;水汽;水分【例】the skin's 副职;代理 【例】the deputy head of
natural moisture 皮肤的天然水分 a school 副校长
重 点 单 词 mold (AmE) [m ld] = mould (BrE) n. 1) 霉;霉菌 【例】
moulds and fungi 霉菌和真菌 2) (独特)类型,个性,风格 【例】a hero in
the 'Superman' mould “超人”型的英雄 v. 对……影响重大;将……塑造成
【例】The experience had moulded and coloured her whole life. 这次经历塑造
并影响了她的一生。

地下墓葬中发现的壁画往往会受到潮湿、霉菌和细菌的严重损坏,在展出前需要进行修复
和保养。毕业于位于西安的西北大学文博学院的杨文宗,今年57岁,是陕博馆藏壁画科研
基地副主任,他在1986年入职陕博后,就立即投身到了文物修复工作中。
"These murals, which are made from clay, are quite fragile. To restore them,
they first need removing from the walls they are on," he said, adding that the
fragile coverings on the back of the artworks also need reinforcing.
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事
重 点 单 词 fragile:[ fr d a l] adj. 1) 易碎的;易损的 【例】fragile
china/glass/bones 易碎的瓷器/玻璃制品/骨骼 2) 纤巧的;精细的;纤巧美丽
的【例】fragile beauty 纤美
重 点 单 词 reinforce:[ ri n f s] v. 1) 加固;使更结实 【例】All buildings
are now reinforced to withstand earthquakes. 所有建筑现都已加固,以抗地震。
2) 给……加强力量(或装备);使更强大 【例】The UN has undertaken to
reinforce its military presence along the borders. 联合国已经着手增援其驻扎在
边境的军事力量。

他说道:“这些用泥土制作的壁画是相当脆弱的。要修复它们,首先需要把它们从其所在
的墙壁上拆下来,”他还补充说,这些艺术品背面脆弱的覆盖物也需要加固。
Most of the time, restoring murals is an onerous task. In 2014, after the tomb of
senior Tang Dynasty official Han Xiu was unearthed in the Chang'an district of
Xi'an, Yang and his colleagues spent three months painstakingly dipping cotton
swabs in ionized water to clean dirt from the surface of murals found at the site.
重 点 单 词 onerous [ n r s] adj. 重 点 单 词 ionize [ a na z] v.(使)
费力的;艰巨的;令人焦虑的【例】 电离,离子化【例】Ionized water
an onerous duty/task/ responsibility 繁 is a new kind of drinking water. 离子
重的义务/工作/职责 水是一种新型的饮用水。
重 点 单 词 swab [sw b] n.(医用的)拭子,药签 【例】to take a throat
swab 用棉签从咽部采集化验样品
重 点 单 词 painstaking [ pe nzte k ] adj. 需细心的;辛苦的;需专注的
【例】The event had been planned with painstaking attention to detail. 这次活
动的细节是经过精心计划的。
长 难 句 分 析 p In 2014, after the tomb of senior Tang Dynasty official Han Xiu
was unearthed in the Chang'an district of Xi'an (时间状语), Yang and his
colleagues spent three months (主句) painstakingly dipping cotton swabs in
ionized water to clean dirt from the surface of murals (伴随状语) found at the
site (过去分词短语作后置定语,修饰murals).
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China Daily精读专题|30个中国文化故事

大多数时候,修复壁画是一项繁重的工作。2014年,西安长安区出土了唐代宰相韩休的墓
穴,杨文宗和他的同事们花了三个月时间,日复一日用棉签蘸着电离水一点点对现场发现
的壁画表面的污垢进行清理。
China began protecting murals in the 1950s. In 1995, China and Italy started
holding training classes in Xi'an and Beijing aimed at conserving and restoring
cultural relics. These classes were also held in 2004 and 2007.
重 点 单 词 conserve [k n s v] v. /k n s rv/ 保护;保存;保藏【例】new
laws to conserve wildlife in the area 保护该地区野生动物的新法令 n.
/ kɑ ns rv/ (含有大块或整块水果的)果酱,蜜饯
拓展延伸:1) conserve v. 保存;保守 2) servile adj. 奴隶的

中国从上世纪50年代开始开展壁画保护工作。1995年,中国和意大利开始在西安和北京开
设培训班,旨在保护与修复文化遗迹。2004年和2007年再次开设此类培训班。
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