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Guardians of an ancient craft
雕版印刷：印刷史上的“活化石”！
扫码听讲解
文章导读
雕版印刷术是中国古人的重要发明，它让信息的广泛分发成为可能，从
此知识得以在更大的范围内传播，人类的文化和思想交流水平借由印刷，登
上了一个崭新的高度。雕版印刷术还承载着造纸术、制墨术等重要科技发明
和非物质文化遗产，是我国古代科技文化发展水平的核心标志之一，而江苏
扬州是国内唯一保存全套古老雕版印刷工艺的城市。今天我们的主人公陈义
时便来自这里，他以保护、传承与弘扬雕版印刷工艺为己任，是名副其实的
雕版印刷工艺守护者。那么究竟什么是雕版印刷呢？它具有哪些特点？我们
又应该如何保护它呢？快快走进今天的China Daily，让我们一起去发现雕版
印刷之美。
课前讨论
① 雕版印刷起源自何时？
② 为什么雕版印刷使用的木头需要泡水？
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
文章讲解
Chen Yishi, of Yangzhou, Jiangsu province, has devoted most of his life to
woodblock printing, an ancient art that has embodied the charm of Chinese
characters for hundreds of years.
重 点 单 词 woodblock [ w dbl k] n. 重 点 单 词 embody [embody] vt. 体
雕版，木刻印版 现；包含；具体表现
译
陈义时来自江苏省扬州市，他几乎把一生都献给了雕版印刷，这门古老的艺术数百年来一
直承载着汉字的魅力。
In 2006, the traditional craft was listed among China's first items of national
intangible cultural heritage, and Chen has been honored as a representative
inheritor. In 2009, Chinese woodblock printing was included in UNESCO's
Lists of Intangible Cultural Heritage.
重 点 单 词 inheritor [ n her t (r)] n. 1) 后继者；继承人 【例】We are the
inheritors of a great cultural tradition. 我们是一个伟大文化传统的继承者。2)
遗产继承人
拓展延伸：1）heir n. 继承人；承袭者。【例】the heir to the throne 王位继承人 2）inherit
v. 继承；继任【例】She inherited a fortune from her father. 她从她父亲那里继承了一大笔财
富。
译
2006年，这门传统手艺被列为中国第一批国家级非物质文化遗产项目之一，而陈义时则被
誉为代表性传承人。2009年，中国雕版印刷工艺入选联合国教科文组织的《世界人类非物
质文化遗产代表作名录》。
The ancient craft, now largely replaced by modern printing techniques, is no
longer widely used to communicate. It mainly appears as a traditional art form. It
has a particular beauty that draws the admiration of many around the world.
Great patience, diligence and skill are required to carve a single block of wood.
To complete a book, craftsmen must carve dozens of blocks.
重 点 单 词 diligence [ d l d ns] n. 勤勉；勤奋；用功 【例】She shows
great diligence in her schoolwork. 她上学非常用功。
拓展延伸：diligent adj. 孜孜不倦的；勤勉的；刻苦的 【例】a diligent student 一个勤奋的
学生
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
译
这门古代工艺如今已基本被现代印刷技术所取代，不再广泛用于沟通交流了。它主要是作
为一种传统的艺术形式而存在。它具有一种独特的美感，受到了全世界许多人的赞赏。哪
怕只是雕刻一块木板，都需要极大的耐心、不懈的努力和高超的技巧。为了完成一本书，
工匠们必须要雕刻几十块木板。
Known as the "living fossil" of printing, woodblock printing originated in China
during the Tang Dynasty (618-907). Inheritors of the craft follow the ancient
ways, using traditional tools to carve characters and patterns on a wooden block.
Next, ink is applied to the carved face and blank pages of paper, silk or other
material are pressed down on the ink, picking up the impression. Those pages are
then bound into a book.
重 点 单 词 apply [ pla ] v. 涂抹，敷 【例】Apply the cream evenly over
the skin. 将乳霜均匀地涂抹在皮肤上。
译
雕版印刷被称为印刷史上的“活化石”，它起源于中国的唐代（618-907）。这项工艺的
传承人遵循古法，使用传统工具在木板上雕刻汉字和图案。然后，他们在雕刻过的木板表
面上涂上墨水，并将空白的纸张、丝绸或其他材料覆盖在木板上，这些材料沾上墨水，就
能留下字迹。这些纸张随后就可以装订成书。
Together with movable type for printing, carved woodblocks occupy a place of
honor in China as one of the "Four Great Inventions" of the past. The blocks
continue to play an important role today in communicating the story of human
history.
重 点 单 词 important [ m p tnt] 重 点 单 词 continue [k n t nju] v.
adj.重要的；有重大影响的；有巨大 持续；继续存在；不断发生；继续
价值的；影响很大的；权威的 做；不停地干；(朝相同方向)走
译
雕刻印刷和活字印刷一同被誉为中国历史上的“四大发明”之一。如今，雕版印刷继续在
人类历史的传达与讲述中发挥着重要作用。
Not just any kind of wood can be used for woodblock printing. Chen always uses
the wood of wild pear trees. He immerses the blocks in water for one or two
summers, then allows them to dry in shade. In this process, resins and sugars are
soaked out of the wood. Afterward, the blocks are easier to carve. They're
impervious to insects and good for preservation.
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
重 点 单 词 immerse [ m s] v. 使浸没于。
拓展延伸：immerse oneself in sth 深陷于，沉浸在 【例】She immersed herself in her work. 她
埋头工作。
重 点 单 词 impervious [ m p vi s] adj. 1) 不受影响的，无动于衷的 【例】
His ego was impervious to self-doubt. 他从不自我怀疑。2) 不能进入的，不能
穿过的 【例】impervious volcanic rock 不透水的火山岩
译
不是所有木材都可以用于雕版印刷。陈义时总爱使用野梨木。他将木板浸入水中泡一两个
夏天，然后把它们放在阴凉处自然干燥。在这个过程中，树脂和糖分从木板中被泡了出来。
然后，这些木板就更容易雕刻了。它们不容易被虫蛀，适合长期保存。
Once the wood is dry, a section is coated with a layer of thin paste. Then a page
of manuscript written in Chinese characters is stuck to the block, backside up.
When it's dry, a craftsman gently rubs the paper until the characters can be seen
easily.
重 点 单 词 coat [k t] v. 涂上；覆盖 【例】cookies thickly coated with
chocolate 外面涂有厚厚一层巧克力的曲奇
重 点 单 词 manuscript [ m nj skr pt] n. 1) 手稿；原稿 【例】I read her
poems in manuscript . 我读过她的诗作的手稿。2) 手抄本 【词根】= manu
(手) + script (写)
译
木板干燥后，工匠们会在木板上涂一层薄糨糊。然后，他们将用汉字写成的手稿背面朝上
粘在木板上。等糨糊干燥后，工匠会轻轻擦拭纸张，直到汉字清晰可见。
The characters become even more visible if a layer of oil is brushed onto the
paper. The craftsman then follows those characters, using a series of knives to
carve them out of the wood one by one.
重 点 单 词 visible [ v z bl] adj.看 重 点 单 词 craftsman [ krɑ ftsm n]
得见的；可见的；能注意到的 n. 工匠；手艺人；工艺师
译
如果在纸上刷一层油，汉字会变得更加明显。然后，工匠会参照这些汉字字迹，用一系列
的刀具将它们从木板上一个个雕刻出来。
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
After the blocks are carved, the craftsman uses a brush to apply ink to the
blocks, and then covers the carved images with blank pages - traditional rice
paper or other material - before wiping gently from left to right with another
brush. The characters gradually appear, and the room is filled with the fragrance
of the Chinese ink.
重 点 单 词 fragrance [ fre ɡr ns] n. 1) 香气；香味 【例】the rich fragrance
of a garden flower 庭院花卉的馥郁芳香 2) 香水 = perfume /p r fju m/
长 难 句 分 析 After the blocks are carved (时间状语从句，从句主语与主句
主语不一致), the craftsman (主句主语) uses (主句谓语1) a brush to apply ink to
the blocks, and then covers (主句谓语2) the carved images with blank pages -
traditional rice paper or other material (插入语，解释说明blank pages) - before
wiping gently from left to right with another brush (时间状语从句，从句主语与
主句主语一致).
译
雕刻完木板后，工匠会用刷子将墨水涂在木板上，然后把空白纸张（传统宣纸或其他材料）
覆盖到版面上，再用另一把刷子从左向右地轻轻刷纸。这时汉字就会逐渐显现，房间里也
会充满墨香。
Carving characters on wooden blocks is anything but routine. A craftsman must
practice calligraphy for years while also mastering the skills of woodcarving.
重 点 词 组 anything but 决不，根本不 【例】Maria is anything but stupid!
玛丽亚才不笨呢。
译
在木板上雕刻汉字绝非易事。一个雕刻工匠必须要苦练多年的书法，同时还要掌握木板雕
刻技艺。
"There are more than 100 skills at play when carving a character on the blocks,"
Chen said. "A craftsman may only be able to carve a dozen characters in a day."
重 点 单 词 dozen [ d zn] n./det. （一）打；十几个；十多个；十二个；十
来个；许多；很多
译
“在木板上刻字，需要用到超过100种技巧。”陈义时说，“一个工匠一天可能只能雕刻
十几个汉字。”
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China Daily精读专题｜30个中国文化故事
The passion for woodblock printing has run in Chen's family for more than 100
years. His grandfather was a famous Qing woodblock craftsman. Chen himself
has been practicing the craft since he was 13 years old.
重 点 单 词 craft [krɑ ft] n.手艺；工艺；技巧；技能；技艺；诡计；手腕；
骗术；小船；飞行器
译
对雕版印刷的热情在陈义时的家族中已经流传了超过100年。他的祖父是清朝著名的雕版
印刷工匠。陈义时本人自13岁起就一直在刻苦钻研雕版技艺。
The Chens and the city of Yangzhou are making efforts to attract more people's
attention through publicity. They have made light covers, fans and other daily
items using woodblock printing and sold them at low prices.
重 点 单 词 woodblock [ w dbl k] n.木刻印版；版木
译
陈义时一家和扬州市正在努力通过宣传吸引更多人关注雕版印刷。他们利用雕版印刷制作
了灯罩、扇子和其他日常用品，并以低价出售。
"The public will have access to it through these things," said Chen Meiqi, Chen's
daughter, "The products look very fancy and elegant. Members of the public will
get to appreciate woodblock printing, and then they'll protect it."
重 点 单 词 appreciate [ pri ie t] v. 欣赏；赏识；重视；感激；感谢；欢
迎；理解；意识到；领会
译
陈义时的女儿陈美琦说：“通过这些小物品，公众可以接触到雕版印刷这项工艺。这些产
品看起来非常的精美和高雅。人们会开始学会欣赏雕版印刷，然后就会想要去保护它。”
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