【弯道超车】Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心语法之一般过去时-2026-2027学年人教版(新教材)八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 1 Happy Holiday 核心语法之一般过去时-2026-2027学年人教版(新教材)八年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年人教版八年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练
(新教材)Unit 1 Happy Holiday
核心语法:一般过去时
一、核心概念
一般过去时表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作或存在的状态。它强调动作或状态发生在过去,与现在没有直接联系。
核心含义: “过去……了”
时间轴理解:
二、基本结构
构成:主语 + 动词过去式
句型 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + 动词过去式 I visited my grandma yesterday.
否定句 主语 + did not (didn't) + 动词原形 I didn't visit my grandma yesterday.
一般疑问句 Did + 主语 + 动词原形? Did you visit your grandma yesterday
肯定回答 Yes, 主语 + did. Yes, I did.
否定回答 No, 主语 + didn't. No, I didn't.
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + did + 主语 + 动词原形? Where did you go yesterday
核心规则:
肯定句中,动词用过去式。
否定句和疑问句中,借助助动词 did 体现过去时,后面的主要动词必须用原形!
三、动词过去式的构成规则
规则动词变化
规则 原形 过去式 发音 记忆要点
一般直接加 -ed work
play
help worked
played
helped /t/ /d/ / d/ 大多数动词
以不发音 e 结尾,加 -d live
like
hope lived
liked
hoped /d/ /t/ 直接加 d
辅音字母 + y 结尾,变 y 为 i 加 -ed study
cry
carry studied
cried
carried /d/ y→i+ed
重读闭音节结尾,末尾只有一个辅音字母,双写该辅音 + -ed stop
plan
drop stopped
planned
dropped /t/ /d/ 双写末尾字母+ed
-ed 的发音规则:
清辅音后(p, k, f, s, sh, ch 等)读 /t/:helped, watched, finished
浊辅音和元音后(b, g, v, z, m, n, l 等)读 /d/:played, lived, called
t, d 后读 / d/:wanted, needed, visited
不规则动词变化(八年级必背!)
原形 过去式 原形 过去式
be (am/is) was be (are) were
do did have/has had
go went come came
see saw eat ate
drink drank take took
get got give gave
make made buy bought
think thought know knew
tell told say said
speak spoke write wrote
read read (/red/) run ran
swim swam sit sat
begin began sing sang
fly flew ride rode
drive drove fall fell
feel felt leave left
meet met lose lost
win won bring brought
四、be 动词的一般过去时
原形 过去式 主语 例句
am was I I was a student.
is was He/She/It She was happy.
are were You/We/They They were at home.
肯定句: 主语 + was/were + 其他
I was at home yesterday.
They were in the park last Sunday.
否定句: 主语 + was/were + not + 其他
I was not (wasn't) at home yesterday.
They were not (weren't) in the park last Sunday.
一般疑问句: Was/Were + 主语 + 其他?
Were you at home yesterday
Was she happy
五、四大核心用法
用法1:表示过去某个特定时间发生的动作
常与明确的过去时间状语连用,说明动作发生在过去的具体时间点。
时间状语:
yesterday 系列:yesterday, yesterday morning, yesterday afternoon
last 系列:last night, last week, last month, last year
...ago 系列:two days ago, three hours ago, a week ago
具体时间:in 2020, on May 1st, at 8 o'clock yesterday
例句:
I watched a movie yesterday. (我昨天看了一部电影。)
She visited her grandma last week. (她上周去看望了奶奶。)
He arrived two hours ago. (他两小时前到达的。)
They got married in 2020. (他们是2020年结婚的。)
用法2:表示过去习惯性或经常性的动作
表示过去一段时间内反复发生的动作,可与频度副词连用。
时间状语:
often, always, usually, sometimes, every day/week
when I was young, in the past
例句:
When I was young, I often played in this park. (我小时候经常在这个公园玩。)
He always walked to school. (他过去总是步行上学。)
When I was a child, I lived in the countryside. (我小时候住在农村。)
用法3:表示过去连续发生的系列动作
按照时间顺序叙述一连串过去的动作,常用于讲故事或描述经历。
例句:
I woke up, brushed my teeth, had breakfast, and then went to school. (我起床、刷牙、吃早饭,然后去上学。)
He entered the room, sat down, and began to read. (他走进房间,坐下,开始看书。)
用法4:在时间、条件状语从句中表示过去将来
当主句是过去将来时(would do),从句用一般过去时表示从过去角度看将来的动作。
例句:
He said he would tell her if he saw her. (他说如果见到她就告诉她。)
They promised they would help us when we needed them. (他们答应我们需要时就会帮忙。)
六、一般过去时的时间状语
类型 时间状语 例句
yesterday yesterday, yesterday morning/afternoon I saw her yesterday.
last... last night, last week, last month, last year We went there last year.
...ago two days ago, three weeks ago, a year ago He left an hour ago.
具体时间 in 2010, on May 1st, at 8 o'clock She was born in 2010.
when从句 when I was young, when he arrived I cried when I heard the news.
in the past in the past, in the old days People lived differently in the past.
just now just now(刚才) He called me just now.
then then(那时) I was busy then.
七、句型转换实例
肯定句 → 否定句
I went to school yesterday.
→ I didn't go to school yesterday.
She bought a new car last month.
→ She didn't buy a new car last month.
He was at home last night.
→ He wasn't at home last night.
肯定句 → 一般疑问句
You visited your grandparents.
→ Did you visit your grandparents
She finished her homework.
→ Did she finish her homework
They were at the party.
→ Were they at the party
肯定句 → 对划线部分提问
I went to Beijing yesterday.
→ Where did you go yesterday
She bought a book last week.
→ What did she buy last week
He arrived at 8 o'clock.
→ When did he arrive
八、易错点与难点突破
难点1:否定句和疑问句中动词用原形
I didn't went to school.
I didn't go to school.
Did he went
Did he go
记忆口诀: did 后面跟原形,过去时态它来请!
难点2:be 动词与实义动词的否定疑问混淆
I wasn't go to school.(was 不能与实义动词原形连用)
I didn't go to school.
Was he go to school
Did he go to school
规则:
有 be 动词:否定/疑问直接用 be 动词
有实义动词:否定/疑问用 did + 动词原形
难点3:不规则动词过去式的误记
I goed to the park yesterday.
I went to the park yesterday.
She buyed a new dress.
She bought a new dress.
难点4:时间状语的误用
I have seen him yesterday.
I saw him yesterday.
规则: 有明确的过去时间状语,用一般过去时,不用现在完成时。
难点5:there be 句型的过去时
There is a book on the desk. (现在)
There was a book on the desk. (过去)
There are many students in the classroom. (现在)
There were many students in the classroom. (过去)
九、思维导图总结
十、记忆口诀
规则变化口诀:
一般过去时,动词变过去;
一般加-ed,e结尾加-d;
辅+y变i加-ed,重读闭音节双写加。
不规则动词口诀:
go-went,do-did,have-had要牢记;
come-came,see-saw,eat-ate不能忘;
buy-bought,think-thought,teach-taught记心上;
sing-sang,swim-swam,begin-began是榜样。
句型口诀:
肯定句用过去式,否定疑问did帮忙;
did出现要注意,后面动词用原形。
be动词单独用,was/were分单复。
时间状语口诀:
yesterday, last, ago,
明确过去时间点,
就用一般过去时。
1. The young man ____ on the road. Luckily, he was not badly ____.
A.was lying; hurted B.lay; hurt C.lied; hurted D.lies; hurt
2.—May I ________ your ruler
—Sorry, I ________ it at home.
A.borrow; forget B.lend; left C.lend; forget D.borrow; left
3.He ________ me the bad news this morning. So I don't know about it now.
A.told B.doesn't tell C.tell D.didn't tell
4. My father gave up ____ and he never regretted ____ that.
A.smoking, doing B.smoking, to do C.to smoke, to do D.to smoke, doing
5. —Who cleaned the room
—John____.
A.Is B.Does C.did D.do
6.My aunt _______________ the room ten minutes ago.
A.cleaned B.has cleaned C.cleans D.will clean
7. Mary, your watch looks nice, who ____it for you
A.buys B.bought C.sells D.sold
8. — It's getting dark. I have to leave now.
— Why! I ____ you wanted to stay for the night.
A.think B.am thinking C.thought D.didn't think
9. Lily____to the beach with Mr Green last summer.
A.went B.goes C.has gone D.will go
10. It ____ the writer several months to finish the book Red Star Over China in the 1930s.
A.takes B.will take C.has taken D.took
11. More than ____students took part in the sports meeting yesterday.
A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundreds of D.two hundred
12.—Did you meet Tom at the airport
—No, he____ by the time I________ there.
A.had left; got B.had left; arrived C.left; arrived D.left, had got
13.—Where is Lucy I can't find her.
—She ____ behind the door just now. I think she is still there now.
A.hid B.remained C.checked
14. —Where is your brother now, Tom
—I saw him ____in the street just now and I ____him not to do so.
A.playing; tell B.playing; told C.played; tell D.plays; told
15. Kangkang won the first place in the ____ in the school sports meet last week.
A.boys' 100-meter race B.boy's 100-meter race C.boys' 100-meters race
16. She ____ the book to her classmates because it's very educational.
A.recommended B.has recommended C.will recommend
17.—We won't travel for the vacation.
—Why But you ____, Dad.
A.promise B.are promising C.will promise D.promised
18. Sam's team ____ us last year, so this year we are working hard.
A.caught B.missed C.beat
19. —Mr. Liu, have you ever ____ abroad
—Yes. I ____ Singapore last week.
A.been; have been to B.gone; have been in C.been; have gone to D.been; went to
20. He ____ to his hometown to celebrate the festival with his family last year.
A.go B.goes C.went D.going
21.— Have you ever been to Beijing
— Yes. In fact, I__________ there for ten years but now I work in Changzhou.
A.worked B.have worked C.was working D.would work
22. 一____you stay at home last Sunday afternoon?
—No,I____a kite with my friends in the park.
A.Do;fly B.Did;fly C.Did;flew D.Were;flew
23. —Hi, Tom. I called you last night, but nobody answered. Where did you go
—Oh, I just ____ at home. Maybe something is wrong with my phone.
A.stayed B.staying C.stay
24.—Did you buy ________ when you took a trip in Xichang
—Yes. I bought a piece of Yi lacquer-ware (彝族漆器) for my brother with a little money.
A.anything special B.something special
C.anything expensive D.something expensive
25. —What did you do on May Day
—I went shopping with my mother. There ____ so many people in the street.
A.was B.are C.were
26. She ____ the rule by posting her address online, risking her safety.
A.followed B.obeyed C.broke D.respected
27. —I____up at 5 a. m. this morning, so I am very sleepy now.
—Take good care of ____.
A.wake;you B.wake;your C.woke;yourself D.woke;you
28. —Did you watch the basketball game yesterday, Simon
—Yes, I did. John is really a dark horse. Nobody ____ him to go so far.
A.wanted B.noticed C.expected D.wished
29.George worked as a computer engineer before. The ________ helped him a lot when he started his own computer shop.
A.event B.information C.relationship D.experience
30.A young man ______ from the wall and ______ his shoulders.
A.fall; hurts B.falls; hurt C.fell; hurt D.felt;hurt
31. —Dad, do you remember the old bookstore on Main Street I ____ there twice when I was in Grade 6, but I ____ it for years.
—It closed last month because of the new shopping mall nearby.
A.went; haven't seen B.have gone; didn't see
C.went; don't see D.have gone; haven't seen
32.—Has John ever visited the Great Wall
—Yes. He it last year.
A.visits B.has visited C.was visiting D.visited
33.—How did you put the model plane together so perfectly
—It's easy. I just followed the ________.
A.instructions B.inventions C.introductions
34.— Have you ever __________ an amusement park
— Yes, I have. I __________ Fun Times Amusement Park last year.
A.been to; have gone to B.gone to; have been to
C.go to; went to D.been to; went to
35.I heard that there ________ two dogs playing under the tree over there yesterday.
A.are B.was C.were
36. — What did you do last Saturday, Mary
— I ____ my mum clean the house.
A.help B.helped C.am helping D.will help
37.Several journalists ________________ the lawyer about the international case an hour ago.
A.Interview B.Interviewed C.will interview D.had interviewed
38.—Did you tell Jack about the good news
—Oh, I was so busy these days that I just it
A.forget B.forgetting C.forgot D.forgets
39.— ________ your mom in Luzhou yesterday
—Yes. And she ________ still there now.
A.Was; is B.Was; was C.Is; is D.Is; was
40. Helen Keller met many difficulties in her life but she never ____ .
A.grew up B.made up C.woke up D.gave up
41.My mind wasn't on what he was saying, so I'm afraid I _______ half of it.
A.was missing B.had missed C.will miss D.missed
42. They ____ the rules but didn't follow them.
A.know B.knew C.knows D.knowing
43.When she heard the story, she ________ loudly because it'very interesting.
A.talked B.cried C.laughed
44.While we ________ a video, some visitors ________ to our class.
A.watched; were coming B.watched; came
C.were watching; came D.were watching; were coming
45. Bill often ____football after school, but this afternoon he ____because it was snowy.
A.plays; wasn't B.plays; didn't C.play; didn't
46. I made a phone call to you several tunes yesterday, but____ answered it.
A.somebody B.anybody C.none D.nobody
47.He ________ until it stopped raining.
A.leave B.left C.don't leave D.didn't leave
48.—What did the doctor say
—He said there is ________. And I can go to work this afternoon.
A.something serious B.nothing serious
C.anything serious D.serious something
49.They ________ each other and had short talk.
A.shake hands with B.shakes hands with
C.shake hands D.shook hands with
50. She had a lot of difficulty ____ that book.
A.read B.reading C.to read D.reads
参考答案及试题解析
1.B
【解析】【分析】句意:这个年轻人躺在路上。幸运的是,他并没有受到严重伤害。A. 躺着;受伤的(过去式);B. 躺;受伤的(过去分词);C. 说谎;受伤的(过去式);D. 躺;受伤的。第一个空,lie"躺"的过去式是 lay,根据句意"这个年轻人是躺在路上"可知动作发生在过去,用一般过去时,所以用lay;第二个空,他并没有受到严重伤害,需要使用"hurt"的过去分词形式"hurt"来表示被动和完成的状态,be badly hurt"伤得很重",hurt 的过去分词还是 hurt。故选 B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态以及形容词的用法。注意现在分词用作状语,描述正在进行的动作,而过去分词用作形容词,描述遭受的状态。
2.D
【解析】【分析】句意:——我可以借一下你的尺子吗?——对不起,我把尺子落在家里了。lend借出,借给;borrow借,借入;forget忘记;left落下,离开。第一空根据 your ruler 你的尺子,可知表示"借尺子",主语是借入,应用动词borrow;第二空根据at home,可知是"把尺子落在家里",用固定搭配leave sth.+介词短语。故选D。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意熟记动词borrowed表示"借入",lend表"借出",固定搭配leave sth.+介词短语"把某物落在某地"。
3.D
【解析】【分析】句意:他今天早上没有告诉我这个坏消息。所以我现在不知道。tell——told告诉,tell的过去式,根据this morning今天早晨,以及后面So I don't know about it now.我现在不知道这个坏消息。由此可知,“他今天早上没有告诉这个坏消息。”,符合语境,此处要用一般过去时,否定句要用助动词didn't+动词原形。故选:D。
【点评】考查一般过去时。结合时间状语及语境判断时态,掌握一般过去时的否定句。
4.A
【解析】【分析】句意:我父亲戒烟了,而且他从未后悔那样做。smoking,吸烟(动名词);doing,做(动名词);to smoke,吸烟(动词不定式);to do,做(动词不定式)。结合语句 "My father gave up … and he never regretted … that" 可知,考查固定搭配 "give up doing sth"(放弃做某事)和 "regret doing sth"(后悔做过某事),均需接动名词作宾语,故答案为 A。
【点评】考查固定搭配及非谓语动词。解题需牢记 "give up doing" 和 "regret doing" 的结构,区分 regret doing(后悔做过)与 regret to do(遗憾要做)的语义差异。
5.C
【解析】【分析】句意:——谁打扫的房间?——约翰打扫的。根据问句的谓语动词过去式cleaned ,可知此句是含有实义动词的一般过去时,因此回答时要用助动词did替代。而选项B,C都用于一般现在时,A选项的is用于谓语是be动词的回答,故答案为C。
【点评】考查一般过去时和助动词。注意识记did的用法。
6.A
【解析】【分析】句意:我阿姨十分钟前打扫了房间。A.打扫,一般过去时;B.已经打扫,现在完成时;C.打扫,一般现在时;D.将打扫,一般将来时。ago表明时态是一般过去时,所以用过去式cleaned,故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时,首先识记选项时态,然后识记一般过去时的标志词ago。
7.B
【解析】【分析】句意: 玛丽,你的表很漂亮,谁给你买的?buy买,过去式是bought,sell卖,动词,过去式是sold,buy sth for sb给某人买某物,sell sth to sb卖某物给某人,根据空后it for you可知,此处指买,且买的动作已经发生,用一般过去时,故选B。
【点评】考查动词辨析,一般过去时和固定搭配。注意固定搭配 buy sth for sb 。
8.C
【解析】【分析】句意:——天要黑了,现在我们得离开了。——为什么?我本以为你想要在这儿待一个晚上。A动词原形,B现在进行时,C过去时,D一般过去时否定形式,根据 you wanted ,可知宾语从句中的从句时态是一般过去时。主句也是一般过去时,此处根据外可知表示意外,原本以为会呆整个晚上。所以用肯定形式,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时,注意识记肯定句的用法。
9.A
【解析】【分析】句意:莉莉去年夏天和格林先生去了海滩。went去,一般过去时;goes去,一般现在时;has gone现在完成时;will go一般将来时。根据last summer去年夏天,可知时态用一般过去时,故答案为A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。理解句意并识记一般过去时的构成和用法。
10.D
【解析】【分析】句意:20世纪30年代,作家花了几个月的时间才完成《红星照耀中国》一书。take花费,动词。A单三式,B将来时,C现在完成时,D过去时,根据in the 1930s,可知时态是一般过去时,故选D。
【点评】考查时态,注意识记根据句确定时态和一般过去时的用法。
11.D
【解析】【分析】句意: 昨天,两百多名学生参加了运动会。 A:百,前面应有基数词;B:几百,后面应有介词of;C:成百上千(大约);D:两百(具体)。根据more than"超过",可知应是一个较为具体的数量,two hundred符合。故选D。
【点评】考查数词。注意熟记hundred"百",前面有基数词时,用单数形式;后面有介词时,用复数形式,hundreds of"成百上千的"。
12.A
【解析】【分析】句意:你在机场接汤姆了吗?——没有,我到那里的时间,他已经离开了。根据by the time+主语+过去时,表示在某个过去的时间点之前已经发生或完成的动作。过去完成时用法为 had + 过去分词。get到达,不及物动词,get to+a place, 或者后面直接跟here,there之类的地点副词;arrived不及物动词,arrived at到达,后接小地点;arrived in到达,后接大地点。由by the time和there,故选A。
【点评】考查过去完成时的构成和用法及动词辨析。根据过去完成时的标志词和动词的用法,选出正确的答案。
13.A
【解析】【分析】句意:——露西在哪儿?我找不到她。——她刚才躲在门后面。我想她现在还在那里。A. hid藏;B. remained依然是;C. checked检查。根据" I can't find her我找不到她",结合选项,可知她"藏"起来了。故选A。
【点评】考查动词过去式。对于题干中的"I can't find her"与选项中的hid。
14.B
【解析】【分析】句意:——Tom,你哥哥现在在哪儿?——刚刚我看见他正在街上玩儿,我告诉他不要那样做。play,动词,玩儿;tell,动词,告诉,过去式told;saw是动词see的过去式,固定搭配see sb. doing sth.看到某人正在做某事,排除选项C和D;跟句意可知" I ……him not to do so."描述过去发生的事情,句子用一般过去时,因此第二空用told,故选B。
【点评】考查固定搭配、现在分词、一般过去时。识记短语see sb. do sth./see sb. doing的用法。
15.A
【解析】【分析】句意:康康上周在学校运动会的男子 100 米赛跑中获得了第一名。boys' 100-meter race,男子 100 米赛跑,名词所有格 + 复合形容词 + 名词;boy's 100-meter race,男孩的 100 米赛跑,单数名词所有格 + 复合形容词 + 名词;boys' 100-meters race,形式错误(复合形容词中名词用单数)。结合语句 "Kangkang won the first place in the … in the school sports meet last week." 可知,"男子 100 米赛跑" 指全体男性参赛者的项目,需用复数名词所有格 "boys'",且 "100 米" 作复合形容词时,名词 "meter" 用单数,故答案为 A。
【点评】考查名词所有格与复合形容词的用法。解题需牢记 "复数名词所有格表群体所属" 和 "复合形容词中名词用单数" 的规则,结合 "男子赛跑" 的群体属性选择正确形式。
16.A
【解析】【分析】句意: 她向同学们推荐了这本书,因为它很有教育意义。 A. 一般过去时;B.现在完成时;C.一般将来时。 根据语境,可知动作发生在过去,可知时态应用一般过去时。故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意熟记表示过去发生的动作,句子时态为一般过去时。
17.D
【解析】【分析】句意:——我们不将去旅行。——为什么?但是你承诺过,爸爸。A.承诺,一般现在时;B.正在承诺,现在进行时;C.将承诺,一般将来时;D.承诺,一般过去时。根据We won't travel for the vacation.我们不将去旅行,可知讲的是爸爸已经承诺过,所以用过去式,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时,注意根据语境确定时态和动词的变化。
18.C
【解析】【分析】Sam的队去年打败了我们,所以今年我们更加努力地训练。caught抓住; missed错失,想念;beat打败 。根据so this year we are working hard.可知,此空表示"打败",故答案为C。
【点评】考查动词词义辨析,要牢记词义及用法,进行比较分析,选择正确答案。
19.D
【解析】【分析】句意:——刘先生,您曾经出过国吗?——去过。我上周去了新加坡。 第一空需要填入一个表示"去过"的动词形式,固定搭配have been to 表示"曾经去过(某地)",强调经历; have gone to 表示"去了(某地)",强调人目前不在说话地点。由于问的是"是否去过国外",强调经历,因此用 been。第二空需要填入一个表示"去过"的完成时态,且时间状语是 last week(过去时间点)。have been to 表示"曾经去过(某地)",符合语境。 have gone to 不适用,因为主语"I"正在说话,不可能"去了新加坡还没回来"。 have went to 语法错误,went 是过去式,不能与 have 连用。故选A。
【点评】考查have been to/have gone to和一般过去时。识记have been to、have gone to的用法。
20.C
【解析】【分析】句意: 他去年回到家乡和家人一起庆祝节日。 A. go(动词原形)→ 用于一般现在时; B. goes(第三人称单数现在时)→ 用于一般现在时; C. went(go的过去式)→ 用于一般过去时; D. going(现在分词)→ 用于进行时或动名词形式。 根据时间状语last year"去年",可知句子时态为一般过去时,谓语应用动词过去式went。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意根据时间状语正确选择动词形式。
21.A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你去过北京吗?——是的。事实上,我在那里工作了十年,但现在我在常州工作。worked工作,一般过去时;have worked现在完成时;was working过去进行时;would work过去将来时;根据for ten years but now I work in Changzhou.可知我现在常州工作,所以在北京工作是过去的动作,用一般过去时,故答案为A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。理解句意识记不同时态的构成和用法。
22.C
【解析】【分析】句意:——上个星期六下午你待在家吗?——不,我和朋友在公园里放风筝。根据时间状语last Sunday afternoon及答语No,可知"……you stay at home last Sunday afternoon?"是一般过去时态的一般疑问句,句首需借助助动词did,排除选项AD;"I……a kite with my friends in the park."动作发生在过去,句子用一般过去时,fly,动词,放飞,过去式flew,故选C。
【点评】考查一般疑问句、一般过去时态、动词过去式。注意last+点时间,一般作为一般过去时态的时间特征词。
23.A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你好,Tom。我昨晚给你打电话但没人接。你去哪儿?——噢,我只是待在家里。也许我的手机出问题了。根据"last night"可知,事情发生在昨晚,用一般过去式,stay的过去式是stayed。故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时。根据语境判断时态,选择正确的谓语动词。
24.A
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 你在西昌旅行时买了什么特别的东西吗?—— 买了。我用一点钱给弟弟买了一件彝族漆器。anything special,什么特别的东西(用于否定句或疑问句);something special,一些特别的东西(用于肯定句);anything expensive,什么昂贵的东西(用于否定句或疑问句);something expensive,一些昂贵的东西(用于肯定句)。结合语句 "Did you buy … when you took a trip in Xichang " 可知,该句为疑问句,需用 anything,且答句提到 "用一点钱购买",说明物品不贵,special 符合语境,故答案为 A。
【点评】考查不定代词与形容词的搭配及语境辨析。解题需牢记 "疑问句中用 anything,肯定句中用 something,形容词需后置修饰不定代词" 的规则,同时结合语境判断形容词含义。
25.C
【解析】【分析】句意:——五一你做了什么?——我和妈妈一起去购物。街上有那么多人。A.一般过去时,主语为第三人称单数/不可数名词;B.一般现在时,主语为复数;C.一般过去时,主语为复数。根据 What did you do on May Day 五一你做了什么?可知动作发生在过去,句子时态为一般过去时,再根据空格后主语people为复数,可知be动词用were。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意熟记动词do"做":第三人称单数: does;现在分词: doing;过去式: did;过去分词: done。
26.C
【解析】【分析】句意:她违反了规定,在网上公布了自己的地址,使自己的安全受到了威胁。followed跟随/遵循;obeyed服从/遵守;broke打破(break过去式)/违反;respected尊重/尊敬。根据"by posting her address online, risking her safety."可知,她违反了规定。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意:根据句子的语境和含义,排除那些明显不符合题意的选项。注意选项中的极端词汇,如"always"、"never"、"all"、"none"等。这些词汇通常不符合实际情况,可以作为排除错误选项的依据。
27.C
【解析】【分析】句意:—我今天早上5点醒来的,因此我现在非常困倦。——照顾好你自己。wake up是固定短语,醒来,叫醒,由this morning可知,时态是一般过去时,wake的过去式是woke。第一个空填woke,排除AB。由主语I,所以you是你,主格或者宾格。用yourself是反身代词,你自己。第二句是照顾好你自己,yourself符合题意,故答案是C。
【点评】考查动词的过去式和反身代词。注意一般过去时态和反身代词的用法。
28.C
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 西蒙,你昨天看篮球比赛了吗?—— 是的,我看了。约翰真是一匹黑马。没有人预料到他能走这么远。A 想要;B 注意到;C 期待;D 希望。结合语句John is really a dark horse. Nobody…him to go so far. 可知,此空表示"预料到",选项C符合题意,expect sb to do sth期待某人做某事,故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意动词expect的基本含义。
29.D
【解析】【分析】句意:乔治以前是一名计算机工程师。当他开了自己的电脑店时,这段经历对他帮助很大。event事件;information信息;relationship关系;experience经历。根据George worked as a computer engineer before. 乔治以前是一名计算机工程师,可知是指他做计算机工程师的经历对他帮助很大。故选D。
【点评】考查名词辨析。注意熟记不可数名词experience"经历"。
30.C
【解析】【分析】句意:一个年轻人从墙上摔下来肩膀受伤了。根据his shoulders可知从墙上跌落肩膀受伤了,所以句子的时态是过去时,fall跌落;过去式fell;hurt受伤,过去式hurt,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时。根据上下文的联系确定句子的时态。
31.A
【解析】【分析】句意:——爸爸,你还记得大街上的那家老书店吗?我在六年级的时候去过那里两次,但我已经多年没见到它了。——因为附近的新购物中心,它上个月关闭了。A. went去;haven't seen还没见到;B. have gone去了(可能还没回来);didn't see没见到;C. went去 ;don't see没见到;D. have gone 去了(可能还没回来) ;haven't seen 还没见到 。根据"when I was in Grade 6",可知句子时态要用一般过去时,谓语动词用过去式,用go的过去式"went";根据"for years"是一个表示一段时间的时间状语,常与现在完成时连用,因此用现在完成时have/has+过去分词。"haven't seen",故答案为:A。
【点评】考查时态辨析。注意找出句子中的时间状语,根据时间状语来判断句子应该使用的时态,同时要注意不同时态的构成形式。
32.D
【解析】【分析】句意:——John曾经参观过长城吗?——是的。他去年参观了长城。visit,动词,参观、访问。时间状语“last year”是一般过去时态的特征词,因此“He……it last year”用一般过去时,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时。识记last year是一般过去时态的时间标志词。
33.A
【解析】【分析】句意:—— 你是怎么把这个模型飞机组装得这么完美的?—— 很简单。我只是按照说明做的。instructions 说明、指示;inventions 发明;introductions 介绍。结合语句 "How did you put the model plane together so perfectly "(如何完美组装模型飞机)可知,组装物品通常需要依据 "说明","follow the instructions"(按照说明做)是固定搭配,符合语境。"inventions"(发明)和 "introductions"(介绍)均与 "组装模型飞机" 这一动作无关。故答案为A。
【点评】考查名词词义辨析。解题关键在于结合 "组装模型飞机" 的语境,联想到完成该动作需要依据 "说明",进而选出符合逻辑的选项。
34.D
【解析】【分析】句意:——你曾去过游乐园吗?——是的。去年我去了欢乐时光游乐园。have/has been to:表示“曾经去过,现在已经回来了。”后面可接去过的次数。have /has gone to:这个词组表示“到某地去了,现在还没有回来”。此处询问“你曾去过某地”, 要用have been to,排除答案B和C,时间状语last year去年,用于一般过去时,动词用过去式,go过去式为went,故选:D。
【点评】考查词组辨析。注意识记have/has been to,have/has gone to,go to词义及用法,根据语境选择合适的答案。
35.C
【解析】【分析】句意:我听说昨天那边的树下有两只狗在玩耍。A:are用于第二人称单复数现在时,第一、三人称复数现在时;B:waswas是is/am的过去式;C:were是are的过去式。此句是there be句型,遵循"就近原则",即be动词的单复数由离它最近的名词的单复数决定。本句中离be动词最近的名词"two dogs"为复数形式,所以be动词应用复数形式;再结合时间状语yesterday表明句子时态为一般过去时,复数be动词的过去式为were,故选C。
【点评】考查时态和主谓一致,本题涉及一般过去时和就近原则。
36.B
【解析】【分析】句意:——Mary,你上周六做什么了?——我帮助妈妈打扫房间了。 help 一般现在时; helped 一般过去时; am helping 现在进行时; will help 一般将来时。根据时间词last Saturday可知,空处谓语时态为一般过去时,故动词help用过去式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态(一般过去时)。首先,仔细审题,在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句,考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时,要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干,理解句子的整体意义,捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行,从而确定选用什么时态。
37.B
【解析】【分析】句意:几位记者在一小时前就这起国际案件采访了这位律师。A.Interview采访,动词原形,通常用于一般现在时;B.interviewed采访,动词过去式,用于一般过去时;C. will interview将要采访,将来时态;D.had interviewed采访过,过去完成时。根据句子的时间状语“ an hour ago”可知,这里应用一般过去时,故选B。
【点评】考查句子时态。注意句子时态的时间状语。
38.C
【解析】【分析】句意:——你告诉杰克这个好消息了吗?——哦,我这些天如此的忙以至于我忘了。A动词原形,B动词的现在分词或者动名词,C动词的过去式,D动词的第三人称单数。由was可知时态是一般现在时态,动词用过去式,故选C。
【点评】考查动词的形式。注意根据语境确定时态,从而确定动词的形式。
39.A
【解析】【分析】句意:——你妈妈昨天在泸州吗?——是的。而且她现在仍然在那里。根据yesterday可知是描述过去的事,句子时态为一般过去时,第一空用Was;根据now可知是描述现在的情况,句子时态为一般现在时,第二个空用is。故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时和一般现在时。注意根据语境选择正确的时态。
40.D
【解析】【分析】句意:海伦·凯勒在生活中遇到了很多困难,但她从未放弃。A.grew up长大;B.made up编造、组成;C.woke up醒来;D.gave up放弃。根据"Helen Keller met many difficulties in her life"以及"but"可知,前后句是转折关系,虽然遇到很多困难,但她没有放弃,故答案为:D。
【点评】考查动词短语辨析。注意结合语境和句子间的逻辑关系来判断合适的动词短语,要准确理解每个动词短语的含义。
41.D
【解析】【分析】句意:我没有注意到他在说什么,所以恐怕我漏了一半。A.过去进行时,B.过去完成时,C.一般将来时,D.一般过去时。根据 My mind wasn't on what he was saying 我没有注意到他在说什么,可知"遗漏"的动作发生在过去,应用一般过去时missed。故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意熟记动词miss"错过":第三人称单数: misses;现在分词: missing;过去式: missed;过去分词: missed。
42.B
【解析】【分析】句意:他们知道规则,但没有遵守。know知道(动词原形);knew知道(过去式); knows知道(第三人称单数);knowing知道(现在分词/动名词)。空处为句子的谓语,根据时态呼应原则以及didn't follow可知,谓语时态为一般过去时,应用其过去式。故选B。
【点评】考查时态(一般过去时)。注意:在解答时态相关题目时,首先,要仔细审题,在题干中寻找标志性的时间状语。时间状语是判断时态的重要依据。如果题目所给题干是主从复合句,考生需要根据主从句时态相呼应的原则来判断时态。在时间、条件等状语从句中,通常用一般现在时表示一般将来时,用现在完成时表示将来完成时。同时,要正确认定主句动词及从句动词两个动作发生的先后时间,并认真体会命题者所给出的语境。认真阅读题干,理解句子的整体意义,捕捉题干中对动作发生时间所隐含的信息。可以把语境中比较完整的句子中的动词或另一个相关动词所发生的时间作为参照时间,再把选项中的动词与它作比较,看看它所表示的动作是发生在参照时间之前、之后还是正在进行,从而确定选用什么时态。
43.C
【解析】【分析】句意:当她听到这个故事时,她大声笑了,因为它很有趣。talked谈论;cried哭泣;laughed笑。根据"it's very interesting"可知,故事很有趣,她在听到时大声笑了。故选C。
【点评】考查动词辨析。注意:分析句子结构,理解句子的整体结构,明确主语、谓语、宾语等关键成分,有助于判断所需动词的类型和形式。仔细阅读题干,捕捉关键词汇和短语,理解句子的语境和含义。有时,上下文中的时间、地点、人物等细节信息会提供解题的线索。
44.C
【解析】【分析】句意:我们正在看视频时,一些访客来到了我们班。watched,观看,一般过去时;were coming,正在来,过去进行时;were watching,正在观看,过去进行时;came,来,一般过去时。结合语句 "While we … a video, some visitors … to our class" 可知,while 引导的时间状语从句常用过去进行时,主句用一般过去时,表 "从句动作进行中,主句动作突然发生",故答案为 C。
【点评】考查过去进行时与一般过去时的搭配用法。解题需牢记 while 引导的从句常用进行时,主句表瞬间动作用一般过去时,根据动作性质(持续 / 瞬间)选择时态。
45.B
【解析】【分析】句意:比尔放学后经常踢足球,但今天下午他没有,因为下雪了。play football,踢足球,固定结构。结合题干中的often可知,前半句要用一般现在时,主语Bill,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式plays;结合题干中的because it was snowy.可知,后半句要用一般过去时,谓语动词为实义动词,否定形式要借助助动词didn't。故答案为B。
【点评】考查动词的时态。注意一般现在时与一般过去时的基本结构。
46.D
【解析】【分析】句意: 我昨天给你打了好几个电话,但都没人接。A:某人, 通常用于肯定句;B:任何人, 通常用于否定句/疑问句; C:没有, 用于三者或三者以上的否定,表示全部都不 ;D:没有人,用于肯定句表否定。根据 I made a phone call to you several tunes yesterday 我昨天给你打了好几个电话,以及转折连词but"但是",可知应是表示:没人接,应用不定代词nobody。故选D。
【点评】考查不定代词。注意熟记不定代词nobody"没有人",表否定。
47.D
【解析】【分析】句意:直到雨停了他才离开。A.离开,动词原形;B.离开,动词过去式;C.没离开,一般现在时;D.没离开,一般过去时。根据 until it stopped raining直到雨停了,可知雨停之前没离开,用一般过去时 didn't leave 。故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时。注意熟记动词leave"离开":第三人称单数: leaves;现在分词: leaving;过去式: left;过去分词: left。
48.B
【解析】【分析】句意:——医生怎么说?——他说没什么严重的。今天下午我就可以去上班了。形容词修饰复合不定代词时,需后置,排除D。something某事;nothing无事;anything任何事。根据"And I can go to work this afternoon."可知,下午就可以去上班了,所以没什么严重的。故选B。
【点评】考查复合不定代词的辨析。理解不定代词的词义和用法,根据下文语境,选出正确的代词。
49.D
【解析】【分析】句意:他们握了握手,简短地交谈了一会儿。shake hands with sb,固定搭配,和某人握手,had是过去式,and前后时态一致,故此处是一般过去时,shook是shake的过去式,故选D。
【点评】考查时态,注意一般过去时和shake hands with sb,以及过去式shook的用法。
50.B
【解析】【分析】句意: 她在阅读这本书时遇到了很多困难。A.动词原形;B.动名词;C.动词不定式;D.动词三单形式。根据固定搭配have difficulty do sth."做某事有困难",可知应用动名词形式reading。故选B。
【点评】考查动名词。注意熟记固定搭配have difficulty do sth."做某事有困难"。
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