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高三下学期英语期末试卷
一、完形填空
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。
From an early age, I worried if I was doing enough. Growing up in a city where there’s much societal pressure to always be productive, I wanted to do well, which brought much ___1___.
I started to practice mindfulness in 2012. It helped me to find calm in this fast-paced life. That was what ___2___ me to the Space-Out Competition — a 90-minute contest about doing nothing and “spacing out”.
I entered the competition last October. About 100 people took part, each sitting on a yoga mat (瑜伽垫) on the square. We had to sit there for 90 minutes without any ___3___ movement: We could not sleep, make any noise or check our phones.
After the time was up, the final ten participants were selected by the judges based on our performance during the competition. And these finalists’ heart rates were ___4___ throughout — the one with the most stable was the winner.
Every 15 minutes the judges came to measure our heart rates, which made me ___5___. I could feel my heart beating faster, but I tried to see it as a way to practice acceptance — to notice those feelings of tenseness.
We all have wandering minds — my thoughts ___6___ from my family to the fan buzzing around us. I just ___7___ them. I observed them, like seeing the clouds in the sky and how they came and went. Though it was a “space out” competition, I was doing the ___8___: actively observing my breath and sensation.
When the judges announced the competition was over, I wanted to sit longer. I have a busy life and having this space is a(n) ___9___ — often we get through a day with our mind not settled for even a second.
I was surprised to be announced as the winner. Although the event was only for 90 minutes, it gave us a way to just be ourselves or have the space to do nothing. And I hope it reminds people that ___10___ isn’t always the most important.
1. A．anxiety B．curiosity C．pleasure D．boredom
2. A．drew B．attached C．forced D．transported
3. A．slow B．strange C．smooth D．significant
4. A．affected B．lowered C．controlled D．monitored
5. A．nervous B．exhausted C．depressed D．hesitant
6. A．fell B．jumped C．grew D．rose
7. A．got rid of B．got back to C．took note of D．took part in
8. A．right B．standard C．opposite D．impossible
9. A．waste B．luxury C．excuse D．routine
10. A．creativity B．diversity C．simplicity D．productivity
二、语法填空
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容或括号内所给词的恰当形式填空。
A
The “burnt toast theory” means bad things happen for a reason — they make way for something better ___11___ (come). I wasn’t a believer in this theory until 2013, when I ___12___ (fire) and had a tough job search. A friend helped me score an interview for a company. Unfortunately, I didn’t get that job. I was really upset, and it felt like an even ___13___ (big) setback. However, months later, that company had a major crisis. By then, I ___14___ (find) my dream job already. I’ve since applied this theory to my own life and work.
B
When people are grateful and are good with things as they are, their physical health reflects that. Researchers over the years point to lower stress, ___15___ (reduce) pain and better blood pressure as a result of being grateful. Gratitude has a strong positive impact on psychological well-being as well, ___16___ benefits include increased self-respect, enhanced positive emotions, and a more optimistic outlook on life. Just like a muscle, when you exercise your ___17___ (thankful) more often, you’re more likely to see beneficial effects.
C
Chinese electric vehicle maker Xpeng has introduced a new humanoid robot ___18___ lifelike movements. The company representatives felt forced to slice it open onstage to prove a human wasn’t hiding inside. Certainly, there wasn’t. Instead, the robot ___19___ (have) a flexible, humanlike spine (脊柱) and artificial joints that allow it to move like a human model. This is thanks to Xpeng’s custom AI robotics architecture, which enables it to interpret visual inputs and respond physically without needing to first translate ___20___ it sees into language.
三、阅读理解
A
Loved Before
The first eco-friendly, fully sustainable soft toy adoption agency
“Several years back, during my time as a volunteer at a charity shop, I observed the arrival of second-hand toys at the store. These pre-loved toys, often handed over with cherished memories and emotional significance, were carelessly cast aside, sometimes became dog toys or, even more dishearteningly, destined for the landfill.
It became evident to me how the love, lively life, and stories of these eco-toys were at risk of being lost and forgotten in an instant. That was when Loved Before was born with the mission to revolutionize our perspective on sustainable toys.”
---Charlotte, Founder
What we do
Your pre-loved toys arrive at our headquarter where they officially become Loved Befores and have a tailored and thorough “Spa” treatment to make them clean.
Each toy will have its own photoshoot, be added to the store along with the story of their previous lives and adventures, and be re-homed to their new family!
At least half of the profit from every one of our sustainable toys once adopted goes to Make-A-Wish, a non-profit organization who creates and fulfils life-changing wishes for children living with critical illnesses.
What we believe
Imperfect I’m perfect: Our collections showcase toys that have weathered the journey of life---worn and beautifully imperfect. Loved Before believes that in the world of love and acceptance, “imperfections” hold no weight. True beauty lies in the individuality of each toy, and there’s no such thing as “perfect”.
Saving the world, one teddy at a time: While our passion for teddies is undeniable, at Loved Before, we view our mission as a driving force for a broader shift in mindset---one where sustainable toys, particularly our eco-friendly teddies, mark just the beginning! We passionately believe that the world is already filled with enough soft toys to last a lifetime, eliminating (消除) the necessity to produce more. By shifting perceptions of pre-loved items, we’re on a mission to revolutionize the toy industry forever. Our collection is a movement towards a greener, more conscious playtime.
21. What inspired Charlotte to start Loved Before
A．The improper treatment of old toys.
B．The new attitude toward dog toys.
C．The profits from charities.
D．The donations from kids.
22. According to the passage, Loved Before ________.
A．fulfils toy owners’ wishes
B．helps to cure sick children
C．shares the toys’ life stories
D．buys thoroughly cleaned toys
23. What is the significance of Loved Before
A．Achieving perfection in life.
B．Stressing the impact of teddies.
C．Promoting the production of toys.
D．Raising environmental awareness.
B
I have always felt most comfortable in the classroom, and I enjoy the recognition from family and teachers for accomplishing a job well. Although I was a high achiever, I was not a student who joined every club. Throughout my life, I wanted to learn more than I wanted to be in a bunch of extracurriculars (课外活动).
My academic journey continued at a community college, where I joined the student newspaper. In the newsroom, I discovered an engaging, fast-paced world that allowed me to never stop learning. It was just what I had expected. Now my transfer (转学) to Drake University for a journalism degree was a no-brainer. It was exciting to see my future become clear, but I never pictured the shock waves headed my way.
The campus phenomenon known as “Drake Busy” was completely unexpected. The term describes the idea that constant busyness is the main indicator of college success. Within the first week, I felt heavy pressure to be active in all the ways my peers (同伴) were. I saw students trying to balance multiple jobs and organizations alongside schoolwork. As a student used to having confidence in the classroom, I felt this new standard threatened my identity and worsened my anxiety. I spent my first term struggling with doubts about my worthiness. My anxious thoughts tricked my mind into believing lies like “You’re not good enough.” A part of my mind realized those thoughts were not true, but that sensible voice was a whisper compared to the shouts of doubt. As a witness to this battle every day, I have learned that sometimes it just takes time to chip away at my mind’s inventions.
In time, I recognized that my experience as a transfer student was different but valuable. The outsider perspective helped me tackle “Drake Busy”. I watched people trying to do too much at the expense of their well-being. I wanted to shake them and say, “Why do this to yourself ”
Instead of fighting the current, I eventually learned to swim in my own lane. The pressure didn’t disappear, but my need to give in to it did. I realized that my worth wasn’t calculated by the number of meetings on my calendar, but by the real satisfaction I felt in my work. On the days I managed to balance my ambition with my peace of mind, I felt most motivated. I discovered that: true success is defined internally, not by the noise around you.
24. Before entering Drake University, the author ________.
A．adopted a relaxing lifestyle
B．longed to become a teacher
C．struggled to choose a major
D．performed well academically
25. How did the author feel within the first week at Drake University
A．Unaccustomed.
B．Relieved.
C．Regretful.
D．Expectant.
26. What does the author think of the “Drake Busy” lifestyle
A．It lowers students’ learning efficiency.
B．It indicates students’ future success.
C．It threatens students’ well-being.
D．It erases students’ self-doubt.
27. What message does the passage deliver
A．Outsiders rarely win.
B．Your own pace matters.
C．Busyness equals worthiness.
D．Your anxiety drives you forward.
C
Whales are some of the most highly intelligent species on Earth. Each species of whale has a distinct communication system that often varies within populations. Since humans have been researching and observing these forms of communication, a question has surfaced: Could humans one day engage in acoustic (声学的) interactions with whales And what could these interactions reveal about non-human intelligence Researchers from the University of California and the Alaska Whale Foundation have been exploring whale-to-human communication with humpback whales, and they’ve come up with some fascinating conclusions.
When scientists recorded a humpback whale contact call, known as a whup, and played it underwater around their research vessel, they were surprised when a whale named Twain became a more than willing participant in the call-and-response exchange. Scientists produced a single sound, or whup call, that Twain would then respond with her own whup call to them, a “conversation” described in their PeerJ paper.
“It might loosely translate to ‘hello’ or some sort of greeting call for when animals come together or just to signal that individuals are in a certain location,” says Dawson Hubbard, study author and animal behaviourist with Whale SETI. In this case, it was as if Twain was either saying “hello” to scientists or “I’m over here.” But in both instances, she was responding to and engaging with whale signals that humans produced.
Of course, whether whales want to communicate with humans varies by the temperament of the whale and by the situation. Just like some humans are more extroverted than others, this could also be true for whales, although this would need more research to understand. Twain circled around the scientists’ boat and was in proximity to its speakers. Permit limitations only allow for researchers to produce the sound for 20 minutes, but once they stopped, Twain continued to produce more signals before leaving. “What’s cool about Twain is that she could have left at any point, as it wasn’t a caged environment where she couldn’t leave, so she was choosing to be close to us,” says Hubbard.
Often, a willingness to communicate with humans would be food-mediated, but in this case, it wasn’t. There have also been other examples. Gray whales in the San Ignacio lagoon in Mexico, for example, are famously friendly. In fact, some gray whales regularly approach boats and allow visitors to have gentle contact with them.
According to the Oceanic Society, this behaviour isn’t shared amongst all gray whales, and in fact, this species of whale was almost hunted to extinction just a generation ago. But the behaviour may have been passed down through generations, and some gray whales in this population voluntarily approach humans. In the end, these and other encounters show that, in some cases, individual whales appear willing to engage with humans. And the more we learn about their mode of communication and what they are saying to us, the more we can learn about them.
28. To study whales, the scientists _______.
A．caught whales for controlled experiments
B．trained whales to converse with humans
C．responded to whales with recorded calls
D．played whale calls to interact with them
29. What can we infer from the passage
A．The maximum duration of whales’ response is 20 minutes.
B．Gray whales’ friendly behaviour may be a learned feature.
C．Whales’ personality decides their willingness to interact.
D．Humpback whales respond to humans for food rewards.
30. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage
A．Decoding the Talk Between Humans and Whales
B．Are Whales Willing to Talk with Humans
C．Could Humans Ever Talk with Whales
D．Unlocking the Secret of Whale Whups
D
Pictures and videos of all sorts of animals regularly go viral these days because people connect with the apparent joy, friendship and playfulness of these animals. Unfortunately, the initial enthusiasm of these posts is often squashed by someone rightly noting that the animal’s reaction is not joy or pleasure, but fear, anger or pain.
The reason we often get cases like this wrong is that we interpret the emotional content of many behaviors automatically and unconsciously. This is a version of anthropomorphism: interpreting animals as we would interpret another human. The standard view has been that anthropomorphism is primarily an error of overestimating the intelligence of animals. In recent decades, many authors have pushed back against this attitude towards anthropomorphism, arguing animals are a lot like us and that many “anthropomorphic” claims about animals are actually true.
Instead of getting caught in a black-and-white debate, however, I want a more complicated, informed discussion of competing ideas. Once we agree that animals do in fact, have emotions, we can acknowledge that the anthropomorphic mistake is not seeing emotion where there is none — it is seeing the wrong emotion.
Each of us has a set of perceptual, emotional and cognitive capacities that allow us to engage and understand one another socially. These capacities help guide and structure all sorts of interactions, and we are generally not even aware we are using them. They are generally, but not perfectly, tuned for human interaction. Things can get messy, though, when we use them to interpret animals. Perhaps the best-studied version of this is the primate “grin” (灵长类动物的咧嘴笑). The animal is not happy, it turns out. The exact signaling function varies by species, but it usually signals something more like fear or anxiety, often by a submissive individual in a tense social situation. This is, in fact, anthropomorphism, because you are interpreting an animal’s behavior in the same way we would interpret human behavior. This kind of anthropomorphism is a form of cognitive bias (偏见) resulting from shortcuts taken by our reasoning processes, usually without our awareness.
We should approach the topic of anthropomorphism from the angle of bias. Traditionally, assumptions about how and when people anthropomorphise have been so fixed that the psychology did not seem worth investigating. Slightly different attitudes can be found. For example, even though they advocate for anthropomorphic views of animals, the zoologists Jesus Rivas and Gordon Burghardt memorably note that it can be tricky: “Anthropomorphism comes in many forms and can catch you off guard!” While the recognition of “many forms” is progress, it makes the need for evidence-based research only more pressing. By focusing on implicit (隐性的) anthropomorphism, we shift attention from debating specific “humanlike” features to examining the deeper psychological mechanisms that make anthropomorphism so slippery. This, I believe, is the most challenging and most significant dimension of the problem.
31. What does the word “squashed” underlined in Paragraph 1 probably mean
A．Awakened.
B．Dampened.
C．Misguided.
D．Underestimated.
32. What can we learn about anthropomorphism
A．It turns animals’ negative emotions into positive ones
B．It underrates the emotional capacities of animal species.
C．It contributes to the shortcuts of our reasoning processes.
D．It reflects the projection of human qualities onto animals
33. The author quotes Jesus and Gordon to ________.
A．confirm the value of anthropomorphism
B．highlight the complexity of anthropomorphism
C．warn us of the limitations of anthropomorphism
D．remind us to view anthropomorphism positively
34. What does the author intend to do by writing this passage
A．Propose a fresh perspective.
B．Analyze a worrying tendency.
C．Evaluate the credibility of a theory.
D．Explore the origin of a phenomenon.
E
Cut your sugar, get some exercise, eat your vegetables, sleep well. Every day, we are surrounded by information about how to live longer, healthier, happier lives. ___35___ It is to engage in the arts.
Over the past few decades, evidence has been increasing to suggest that being more creative works wonders for our health. ___36___ And the results are astonishing, from music in surgery reducing the amount of painkillers and anti-anxiety medicines needed, to dance programs helping people with Parkinson’s disease to walk.
But the arts aren’t just there for us when we are sick. As a public health scientist. I spend my days looking at data from studies — massive datasets that contain thousands of individuals who have completed questionnaires, had nurse interviews, donated blood samples and undergone brain imaging every few years of their lives. ___37___ Using complex statistical methods, we can look at the long-term relationship between everyday arts engagement and dozens of health outcomes.
The results are remarkable. Children who engage more with the arts have a reduced risk of developing problems like depression later in life. Adults who participate more frequently in the arts and visit cultural venues are happier and feel more satisfied with their lives over the years and decades that follow
___38___ Kindergarteners who engage in music activities have increased prosocial skills as they head into primary school. Teenagers who are involved in bands, dance and editing school newspapers are less likely to get involved in antisocial behaviors or crime.
I want to be clear: I am not suggesting the arts can solve all problems. ___39___ But the evidence remains that engaging regularly in creative activities that you enjoy is an investment in your health that is worth making.
A．The benefits aren’t just psychological either.
B．Regular arts engagement goes beyond boosting physical health.
C．But there is one piece of advice I bet you have never been given.
D．Many of these studies contain buried questions on arts engagement.
E．Arts can be inaccessible to people because of cost and other reasons.
F．Crafts, singing, theatre and writing are good for us as part of our daily lives.
G．Programs being developed around the world are starting to integrate the arts into healthcare.
F
Over breakfast, I chatted with Mia, my Spanish study buddy. I reviewed my recent lesson and shared what I’d learned from a podcast. By the end of our 10-minute talk, I felt I had gained more than from another textbook exercise.
Mia, however, is not a real person. She is an AI I created to make use of the “protege effect.” It is a psychological phenomenon where we learn more effectively when we teach someone else about a topic we’ve just explored — even if that person doesn’t really exist.
The principle of “learning by teaching” was first introduced in the early 1980s by Jean-Pol Martin, a French teacher, who allowed students to research and present parts of the curriculum to their classmates. The technique boosted their motivation and self-confidence, and it soon spread to many other schools.
In one study, a US scientist, Caroline Chase tested its effectiveness. Her team asked 62 eighth-graders to use a computer program to learn about the biological changes during a fever. Over two lessons, students read a text and created a flowchart. Half did it as self-study; the others were told their work would help teach a virtual character on the screen.
It was a small change, but the students in the role of teacher scored significantly better. This increased engagement made a big difference in both the amount they absorbed and the depth of their understanding.
Chase’s team named this the “protege effect”, and it has since been confirmed by later studies. Knowing that others will learn from us creates a sense of responsibility to provide accurate information. This responsibility drives us to make a greater effort to fill in the gaps in our own understanding and correct any mistaken assumptions before we pass them on. Explaining our knowledge then helps to strengthen what we have learned.
So why not give it a try To truly master something, start teaching it — even if your student is only a virtual one.
40. What is the “protege effect”
________________________________________________________________
41. Why did students in the role of teacher score better in Chase’s study
________________________________________________________________
42. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
The responsibility to teach others pushes us to point out their mistaken assumptions.
________________________________________________________________
43. How can you put the “protege effect” into practice (In about 40 words)
________________________________________________________________
四、书面表达
44. 假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你们学校上周开展了主题为“运动邂逅青春”的活动。你的外国好友Jim来信就此询问。请你用英文给他回复，内容包括：
1.活动情况；
2.你的感受。
注意：1.词数100左右；
2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
一、完形填空
1.A 2.A 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.C 8.C 9.B 10.D
二、语法填空
11.to come 12.was fired 13.bigger 14.had found 15.reduced 16.whose 17.thankfulness 18.with 19.has 20.what
三、阅读理解
21.A 22.C 23.D 24.D 25.A 26.C 27.B 28.D 29.B 30.B 31.B 32.D 33.B 34.A
35.C 36.G 37.D 38.A 39.E
40. It is a psychological phenomenon that people learn better when they teach others newly-learned knowledge, even to an unreal person.
41. Because they felt responsible to offer correct information, so they made efforts to perfect their own knowledge and strengthen learning by explaining.
42. False part: point out their mistaken assumptions; Reason: The responsibility pushes us to correct our own wrong ideas rather than others’.
43. When learning new knowledge, pretend to teach it to an AI or imaginary partner. Organize knowledge clearly and explain it aloud to deepen your own understanding.
四、书面表达范文
Dear Jim,
I’m glad to tell you about our school activity “Sports Meet Youth” held last week.
We took part in various sports events, including relay races, basketball matches and long-distance running. Everyone threw themselves into the games and cheered for teammates warmly.
This activity left me a deep impression. Sports not only build up our bodies but also strengthen teamwork. It lets us feel the energy of youth and teaches us to stick to our goals.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

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