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四川绵阳市涪城区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷
阅读判断，阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。
Do you find it difficult to fall asleep at night Try picking up a book! Research has found that people who read before bed usually sleep better and longer than those who don't.
In a study, almost 500 participants (参与者) were asked to read a book in bed for 15 to 30 minutes before trying to sleep. Another group of participants was told not to read in bed. Both groups were also asked not to eat or drink anything with caffeine (咖啡因) in the hour before they went to bed. After one week, 42% of the readers said they slept better!
One of the reasons why reading a book could improve sleep is that it's relaxing. When you read in bed, your heart slows down a little, while your muscles relax. At the same time, a good book can calm your mind, stopping the day's stress from keeping you awake.
For many people, reading a book also means they won't be looking at a phone or computer screen. This is important, because the light from screens can negatively affect sleep.
Of course, this means that reading an e-book on a screen probably won't have the same positive effect on sleep. Even devices (设备) made just for reading still have blue light, which is known to make it harder to fall asleep.
Therefore, for the best sleep, try reading and choose paper books!
1．Reading before bed for 15 to 30 minutes can help us sleep better and longer.
2．In the study, participants were allowed to drink coffee before bed.
3．Phone screen light has a bad influence on sleep.
4．Reading an e-book has the same positive effect on sleep as a paper book.
5．The author wants to tell us that reading a paper book is good for sleep.
【答案】1．正确
2．错误
3．正确
4．错误
5．正确
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文说明了睡前读纸质书籍有助睡眠。
【点评】考查阅读判断。首先明确题干含义，然后从原文找到相关语句佐证。
1．根据第二段的实验"In a study, almost 500 participants (参与者) were asked to read a book in bed for 15 to 30 minutes before trying to sleep. ……After one week, 42% of the readers said they slept better!"可知安排睡前读书组在床上读15-30分钟书，一周后42%的读书者都表示睡眠质量变好了，和题干描述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
2．根据第二段"Both groups were also asked not to eat or drink anything with caffeine in the hour before they went to bed"，可知实验要求参与者睡前不能喝含咖啡因的饮品，不允许喝咖啡，和题干"被允许睡前喝咖啡"描述不符，因此该句表述错误。故选错误。
3．根据第四段"...because the light from screens can negatively affect sleep"，可知手机屏幕光对睡眠有坏影响，和题干表述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
4．根据第五段"Of course, this means that reading an e-book on a screen probably won't have the same positive effect on sleep"，可知电子书并没有和纸质书一样的对睡眠的积极效果，因此该句表述错误。故选错误。
5．根据全文都在介绍睡前读书对睡眠的好处，同时说明电子书有蓝光影响睡眠，最后一段作者总结" Therefore, for the best sleep, try reading and choose paper books!"，可知作者的核心观点就是读纸质书对睡眠有益，和题干表述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
阅读理解
Typhoon season in China is usually from May to September every year.
Recently, Typhoon Ragasa has hit China heavily and caused a great deal of damage. When a typhoon comes near, what should we do
#What to do if a typhoon comes with strong winds #
If you are outside
Find a nearby building and go inside to avoid the falling trees and blowing objects. If you are inside
Stay indoors. Close windows to prevent broken glass shards (碎片) from flying in. If you are in the ocean
Move to higher ground to keep away from incoming waves
#What to do if a typhoon comes with heavy rain #
If you are near the river
Don't go into the river because it is very dangerous. If you are driving
Go to higher ground. If your car shuts down while you drive through the water, get out of the car and leave. If you are outside
Go to higher ground
6．How long is the typhoon season in China
A．For about 3 months. B．For about 4 months.
C．For about 5 months. D．For about 6 months.
7．If you are outside during strong winds, what should you do
A．Stay under the tree
B．Go into the nearby building.
C．Walk along the river.
D．Pick up falling objects to sell.
8．When a typhoon comes, which of the following is right
A．If you are in the ocean, swim towards the waves.
B．If the strong winds blow, open the windows to let the air in.
C．If you're outside and it rains heavily, it's best to stay on higher ground.
D．If you are driving through the water, please stay inside and wait for help.
9．What is the main purpose of these two posters
A．To report how terrible the recent typhoons were.
B．To tell possible dangers hidden in different typhoons
C．To teach people to protect themselves when typhoon comes.
D．To compare the effect caused by windy and rainy typhoons
10．Where is the most suitable place for this passage
A．On the restaurant's menu. B．In a cooking instruction.
C．In a car driving guide. D．In a nature book.
【答案】6．C
7．B
8．C
9．C
10．D
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；自然现象；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了台风来临时不同情形下的自救方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题和文章大意题，细节理解题要从原文找答案，文章大意题要结合文章的主要内容确定。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段"Typhoon season in China is usually from May to September every year."可知中国台风季是5月到9月，一共包含5、6、7、8、9五个月份，时长约5个月，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第一个表格"If you are outside"部分的"Find a nearby building and go inside to avoid the falling trees and blowing objects."，可知在室外要找到附近建筑进入躲避，对应选项B，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据"If you are in the ocean……Move to higher ground to keep away from incoming waves"可知台风来临时如果在海边需要转移到高地躲避即将到来的海浪，而不是朝海浪游，选项A错误。根据"Close windows to prevent broken glass shards from flying in"可知强风来临时不能开窗，选项B错误。根据第二个表格"If you are outside……Go to higher ground"可知如果在室外碰到下大雨，最好待在高处，选项C表述正确。根据"get out of the car and leave"可知暴雨开车涉水时，如果车熄火，不能待在车里等救援，选项D错误。故选C。
9．文章大意题。根据"When a typhoon comes near, what should we do "，之后分场景介绍不同的应对方法，核心目的是教人们台风来临时如何保护自己，故选C。
10．文章出处题。本文是关于自然气象灾害台风的自救科普，最适合出现在自然相关书籍中，故选D。
阅读理解
Ms Jones' class was going to put on a play, Alice in Wonderland. The students took turns reading lines to the teacher, hoping to get their favourite parts.
The next day, they checked the noticeboard to see which parts they got. Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella. Three boys were also unhappy because they got no parts to play but the job of helping out backstage with Shirley.
"Why do we have to do all the hard work while they get all the attention " complained Jerry. Sam pulled a long face as he felt the same way.
"Come on," said Andy. "Our work is important too, and it can be fun!" He was right. For the next two weeks, they built the sets together and found the work very enjoyable and satisfying.
Finally, the big day arrived. Jerry and Shirley helped with costumes.
Andy controlled the lights and sound, and Sam managed the stage curtain (帘子). When Ella came on stage, Shirley was not very pleased. Since Ella always seemed self-important, Shirley had never liked her. But seeing her act with natural confidence, Shirley thought, "Ms Jones was right. Ella is perfect for the role."
The play went really well. As everyone clapped and cheered, Ms Jones invited the backstage helpers onto the stage. Shirley smiled at Ella, "Nice acting!" Ella smiled back and replied, "Thank you for the beautiful sets. They truly made the play very special."
"Our talented actors and hard-working backstage team have shown us the true power of team spirit," Ms Jones said proudly. "Now let's celebrate the success of our play together!"
11．Who was chosen to play the role of Alice
A．Shirley B．Ella C．Jerry D．Andy
12．According to Paragraph 2, why did Shirley feel down
A．Because she was not chosen to play Alice.
B．Because she failed to read lines to the teacher.
C．Because her classmates refused to help her.
D．Because her name was not on the noticeboard.
13．The phrase "pulled a long face" in Paragraph 3 means that Sam was ____.
A．feeling proud B．speaking loudly
C．looking unhappy D．keeping quiet
14．Which of the following best describes Andy's personality based on Paragraph 4
A．Proud and cold. B．Creative and quiet.
C．Unhappy but polite. D．Positive and encouraging.
15．Which could be the best title for this passage
A．Shining together: a team success.
B．The Story of Alice in Wonderland.
C．Being on the stage: a talented girl.
D．The hard backstage work, the shining life.
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了琼斯老师班级编排戏剧时，未能获得表演角色的后台工作人员从不满到投入，最终和演员共同成就一场成功演出的故事，阐释了团队精神的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题和标题选择题，细节理解题要从原文找答案；推理判断题要联系上下文推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题要联系前后语境确定；标题选择题要结合文章的中心思想确定。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段"Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella."可知，爱丽丝这个角色被选给了Ella，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据"Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella."，可知雪莉因为自己想要的爱丽丝角色没被选上，角色给了别人才失望难过。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据上文杰瑞抱怨"Why do we have to do all the hard work while they get all the attention "，以及后文"as he felt the same way"（山姆和杰瑞感受相同），可知杰瑞不满、不高兴，山姆也有一样的情绪。pull a long face意为"拉长脸，闷闷不乐"，因此含义是"看起来不高兴"，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段，其他人都不满后台工作的时候，安迪说"Come on. Our work is important too, and it can be fun!"，主动安抚大家，认可后台工作的价值，后续大家也在一起搭建布景的过程中获得了乐趣，可以推断出安迪是积极、善于鼓励人的。故选D。
15．标题选择题。文章结尾琼斯老师总结"Our talented actors and hard-working backstage team have shown us the true power of team spirit"，点明主旨：戏剧的成功是演员和后台团队共同努力的结果，核心是团队合作的成功。故选A。
阅读理解
Sometimes people give others nicknames (绰号). These names can be friendly or unkind. It can be difficult to stop people from using a nickname, especially if they have used it for a long time. However, there are ways to deal with this situation.
Tip 1: Don't answer a nickname you don't like. When some people call you by an unfriendly nickname, they may try to make you angry. If you don't answer, they may find it boring and stop.
Tip 2: Ask your friends to stop using the nickname. Calmly explain to them that it makes you feel bad. Good friends will understand and won't want to hurt your feelings.
Tip 3: Ask your teachers for help. Unkind name-calling is bullying, and you don't have to put up with it. If you have tried ignoring (忽略) and then challenging the name-calling, but it continues to happen, talk to your teachers and ask them to keep an eye on the situation.
Tip 4: Repeat your real name in your daily life. Introduce yourself before somebody else introduces you. This way, you can fix your real name in people's minds. You can also achieve the same goal by signing off emails or texts with your real name. For example, writing "OK. See you later. Jill" at the end of an email will get your friends more used to this name.
Tip 5: Remember that nicknames don't last forever. As you get older, people will use nicknames less and less. As you meet new people and have new experiences, things like nicknames change too.
A nickname is just a name—it doesn't describe who you are. Be proud of your real name and let others know what you want to be called.
16．According to Tip 1, why do some people keep calling others bad nicknames
A．They hope to make the person lose temper.
B．They feel bored when nobody replies to them.
C．They think the nickname is lovely and friendly.
D．They want others to forget the person's real name.
17．The underlined phrase "put up with" in Tip 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A．make full use of something B．fight against bad behaviors
C．accept something unpleasant D．give up one's own opinion
18．Why does the author introduce the sentence "OK. See you later. Jill"
A．Show an opinion. B．Give an example.
C．State a result. D．Make a comparison.
19．It can be inferred from Tip 5 that nicknames change or disappear because ____.
A．elderly people prefer using real names
B．students will study much harder when they grow up
C．people will have no time to call nicknames to each other
D．one's social circles and life stages develop as time goes by
20．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Why nicknames can't last forever.
B．Why nicknames are always unkind.
C．How to deal with nicknames you don't like.
D．How to make funny nicknames for friends.
【答案】16．A
17．C
18．B
19．D
20．C
【知识点】议论文；日常活动；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了如何应对一些你不喜欢、不友好的绰号。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和文章大意题，细节理解题要从原文找答案；推理判断题要联系上下文推断出需要的信息；文章大意题要归纳文章的中心思想。
16．细节理解题。根据Tip1中的"When some people call you by an unfriendly nickname, they may try to make you angry."可知有些人喊别人不友好的绰号，是想让对方生气发脾气。A选项"They hope to make the person lose temper."（他们希望让这个人发脾气）符合原文表述，故选A。
17．词义猜测题。根据"Unkind name-calling is bullying, and you don't have to put up with it."恶意的辱骂是霸凌行为，你无需忍受，可以推断出"put up with"是容忍、忍受的意思，与选项C意思一致，故选C。
18．细节理解题。在Tip4中，作者先提出方法"在邮件或短信末尾署上自己的真名，就能让大家习惯你的真名"。接着举例子"For example, writing "OK. See you later. Jill" at the end of an email..."，由标志词`For example`可知，这句话是作者给出的具体示例，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据Tip5的内容"As you get older, people will use nicknames less and less. As you meet new people and have new experiences, things like nicknames change too."可知，随着年龄增长，我们会结识新朋友、获得新经历，个人的社交圈和人生阶段发生变化，绰号也会随之改变甚至消失。故选D。
20．文章大意题。文章首段就点明主题"It can be difficult to stop people from using a nickname, especially if they have used it for a long time. However, there are ways to deal with this situation."，之后分点介绍了应对不喜欢的绰号的5个方法，结尾总结观点。因此文章主旨是"如何应对你不喜欢的绰号"，对应C选项。故选C。
阅读下面的短文，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
Robert was running a 3,000-metre race and he was winning. However, about 50 metres away from the finishing line, he fell and hurt his 21． . He tried to get up, but he couldn't 22． . He started walking towards the finishing line and Daniel soon caught up with him. It was 23． for Daniel to run past him and win the race, but Daniel decided not to. He walked slowly behind Robert. They 24． the finishing line with Robert in first place and Daniel in second. Daniel said later that he didn't want to win in that way. Robert tried to give his medal to Daniel. However, Daniel 25． . He said that Robert's act of offering the prize was worth more than what he did for Robert.
21．A．hand B．foot C．face D．teeth
22．A．walk B．shout C．run D．cry
23．A．hurtful B．unusual C．thankful D．easy
24．A．crossed B．set C．located D．missed
25．A．realized B．advised C．refused D．hid
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．A；25．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文述了赛跑选手Robert受伤后，对手Daniel不趁机超越，坚持陪他冲线的体育精神故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
21．句意：然而，在距离终点线大约50米处，他摔倒并伤到了他的脚。A.hand，名词，手；B.foot，名词，脚；C.face，名词，脸；D.teeth，名词，牙齿；根据上文可知Robert参加的是3000米赛跑，根据"He tried to get up, but he couldn't……"可以推断他伤的是脚，故选B。
22．句意：他努力站起来，但是他不能跑了。A.walk，动词，步行；B.shout，动词，大喊；C.run，动词，跑；D.cry，动词，哭；根据"He started walking towards the finishing line "可知Robert不能跑了，故选C。
23．句意：对丹尼尔而言跑过罗伯特赢得比赛很容易。A.hurtful，形容词，受伤的；B.unusual，形容词，不同寻常的；C.thankful，形容词，感激的；D.easy，形容词，容易的；根据上文以及" but Daniel decided not to. He walked slowly behind Robert. "可知丹尼尔要跑过罗伯特很容易，故选D。
24．句意：他们越过了终点线，罗伯特获得第一名，丹尼尔获得第二名。A.crossed，动词，横穿、越过；B.set，动词，设置；C.located，动词，坐落；D.missed，动词，错过；根据"They……the finishing line with Robert in first place and Daniel in second."可知此处要表达越过终点线，故选A。
25．句意：然而，丹尼尔拒绝了。A.realized，动词，意识到；B.advised，动词，建议；C.refused，动词，拒绝；D.hid，动词，躲藏；根据"He said that Robert's act of offering the prize was worth more than what he did for Robert."可知丹尼尔拒绝了罗伯特的提议，故选C。
阅读下面的短文，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
David is an American boy studying in Chengdu. He was thrilled because his classmate Li Lei invited him to his 15th birthday party. David hoped to pick a special 26． that could remind Li Lei of their sweet friendship.
He came up with the idea of red envelopes. He learned that Chinese people 27． give red envelopes during the Spring Festival. " 28． is really useful. This will surely be a great present!" David said to himself. 29． buying a common present, he put some pocket money into a red envelope.
At the party, David handed the envelope to Li Lei. But the moment Li Lei opened it, he looked quite 30． . David kept wondering 31． Li Lei liked the gift.
The next day, David's Chinese teacher noticed he was 32． . David explained the whole thing to him. The teacher smiled and told him, "In China, the 33． give red envelopes to kids to send good luck. However, between 34． friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. It will make the birthday boy feel uncomfortable in most situations."
David finally 35． his mistake. He went to buy a nice notebook at once and wrote a warm message inside. After he gave it to Li Lei, Li Lei wore a big smile. The misunderstanding between them disappeared completely.
26．A．place B．date C．present D．reason
27．A．seldom B．once C．never D．usually
28．A．Pocket B．Money C．Notebook D．Wishes
29．A．Instead of B．Because of C．In spite of D．So that
30．A．embarrassed B．inspired C．joyful D．nervous
31．A．unless B．if C．although D．since
32．A．painful B．scared C．upset D．lonely
33．A．teachers B．elderly C．classmates D．friends
34．A．adult B．childish C．selfish D．teenage
35．A．made B．improved C．realized D．forgave
【答案】26．C；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了美国男孩David在中国给朋友送生日红包，最终理解文化差异纠正错误的故事
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
26．句意：大卫希望挑选一份特别的礼物，好让李雷想起他们甜蜜的友谊。A.place，名词，地方；B.date，名词，日期；C.present，名词，礼物；D.reason，名词，原因；根据" He was thrilled because his classmate Li Lei invited him to his 15th birthday party."David受邀参加李磊的生日会，因此他要挑选礼物，故选C。
27．句意：他了解到中国人通常在春节期间给红包。A.seldom，副词，不经常；B.once，副词，一旦；C.never，副词，从不；D.usually，副词，通常；根据习俗可知"He learned that Chinese people …… give red envelopes during the Spring Festival."要表达中国人通常在春节期间给红包，故选D。
28．句意：钱是真得很有用。A.Pocket，名词，口袋；B.Money，名词，钱；C.Notebook，名词，笔记本；D.Wishes，名词，祝愿；根据"he put some pocket money into a red envelope."可知此处要表达钱真得很有用，故选B。
29．句意：他把一些零花钱放进了一个红包里，而不是买一件普通的礼物。A.Instead of，代替，而不是；B.Because of，因为；C.In spite of，尽管；D.So that，以便、为了；根据"…… is really useful. This will surely be a great present!"可知"…… buying a common present, he put some pocket money into a red envelope."要表达代替买一件普通的礼物，他包了个红包，故选A。
30．句意：但是李磊打开它时，他看上去很窘迫。A.embarrassed，形容词，窘迫的；B.inspired，形容词，有灵感的、受到启发的；C.joyful，形容词，高兴的；D.nervous，形容词，紧张的；根据"In China, the …… give red envelopes to kids to send good luck.However, between …… friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. It will make the birthday boy feel uncomfortable in most situations."可知在中国长辈给晚辈红包是为了传递好运，然而好朋友之间给钱就像是一个交易，会让生日男孩儿在这种情形里不舒服，因此李磊会尴尬，故选A。
31．句意：大卫一直想知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物。A.unless，连词，除非；B.if，连词，如果、是否；C.although，连词，尽管；D.since，连词，既然；根据" David kept wondering…… Li Lei liked the gift."可知此处要表达大卫一直想知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物，这是一个宾语从句，wonder通常和if或whether搭配，表示"想知道是否……"，故选B。
32．句意：第二天，大卫的语文老师注意到他是沮丧的。A.painful，形容词，疼的；B.scared，形容词，害怕的；C.upset，形容词，沮丧的；D.lonely，形容词，孤独的；根据上文可知李磊在收到大卫的红包时表情尴尬，大卫不知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物，因此推断大卫是沮丧的，故选C。
33．句意：在中国，长辈给晚辈红包是为了传递好运。A.teachers，名词，教师；B.elderly，名词，老年人、上年级的人；C.classmates，名词，同学；D.friends，名词，朋友；根据"In China, the…… give red envelopes to kids to send good luck."可知此处要表达年长的人给孩子发红包是为了传递好运，故选B。
34．句意：然而，在十几岁的朋友间，给钱会让友谊看起来像交易。A.adult，名词，成人；B.childish，形容词，幼稚的、孩子气的；C.selfish，形容词，自私的；D.teenage，名词，青少年；根据"However, between……friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. "可知此处要表达十几岁的朋友间给钱像是让友谊变成交易，故选D。
35．句意：大卫最终意识到他的错误。A.made，动词，制作；B.improved，动词，提升；C.realized，动词，意识到；D.forgave，动词，原谅、宽恕；根据下文大卫去买了笔记本给李磊可知大卫意识到了自己的错误，故选C。
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个单词）。
The Hukou Waterfall is a famous natural wonder located where the provinces of Shanxi and Shaanxi meet. It is the largest yellowish waterfall in the world and the 　36． 　(two) largest waterfall in China.
Its name, "Hukou", perfectly describes how the wide river 　37． 　(sudden) narrows (变狭窄) and then rushes down. Because of its special location, the area around Hukou has been 　38． 　important place for cultural and economic exchanges across our country.
There are also some interesting stories about the Hukou Waterfall. One of 　39． 　(they) is about Dayu and the Dragon King. Long ago, the water level of the Yellow River was 　40． 　(hundred) of metres high. As Dayu cut through the Dragon Gate Mountain　41． 　(control) the flood, the Dragon King had nowhere to hide. He drilled (钻) underground, beat the rocks with his tail, and finally 　42． 　(create) this waterfall.
The view of the Hukou Waterfall is very 　43． 　(change) with the seasons, so you can enjoy its special beauty from spring to winter.　44． 　 I stood on the Shaanxi side in an afternoon, the golden sunlight was shining beautifully on the water. How 　45． 　(surprising) I experienced its magic! From there, I got a greater view of how wide the waterfall was.
【答案】36．second；37．suddenly；38．an；39．them；40．hundreds；41．to control；42．created；43．changeable；44．When；45．surprisingly
【知识点】说明文；中国主要城市（家乡）地理概况
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国第二大瀑布——壶口瀑布。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
36．句意：它是世界上最大的黄色瀑布，中国第二大瀑布。two，基数词，二；此处根据句意，表示第二大，需要序数词修饰名词，the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词，表示"第几个最 ……"，two对应的序数词是second，意为第二，故填second。
37．句意：它的名字"壶口"完美地描述了宽阔的河流是如何突然变窄并奔腾而下的。sudden，形容词，突然的；所填词修饰动词narrows，需填副词词性，suddenly，副词，突然地，用在此处符合句意，故填suddenly。
38．句意：由于其特殊的地理位置，壶口地区一直是一个全国文化和经济交流的重要场所。根据句意可知此处要表达"一个重要场所"，用不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，所以用an表示一，故填an。
39．句意：其中一个是关于大禹和龙王的。they，代词主格，他们，所填词作介词of的宾语，代词用宾格，they对应的宾格是them，故填them。
40．句意：很久以前，黄河的水位有几百米高。hundred，名词，百，固定搭配hundreds of，几百，故填hundreds。
41．句意：当大禹凿穿龙门山来控制洪水时，龙王无处可藏。control，动词，控制，分析句子结构可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to control。
42．句意：他钻入地下，用尾巴撞击岩石，最终创造了这道瀑布。create，动词，创造，所填词与前面的动词drilled、beat并列，都用一般过去式，create的过去式是created，故填created。
43．句意：壶口瀑布的景色随季节变化而变化，因此你可以从春天到冬天欣赏到它独特的魅力。change，动词，改变；分析句子结构可知，此处描述状态，所填词作系动词is的表语，用到形容词词性，changeable，形容词，多变的，用在此处符合语境，故填changeable。
44．句意：当我在一个下午站在沙岸溪边时，金色的阳光美丽地照耀在水面上。此处需要连词连接主从句，when，连词，当……时候，引导时间状语从句，用在此处符合语境，when位于句首，首字母需要大写，故填When。
45．句意：我多么惊讶地体验到了它的魔力！surprising，形容词，惊讶的，分析句子结构可知所填词在感叹句中修饰动词experienced，是副词词性，surprisingly，副词，惊讶地，故填surprisingly。
阅读下面短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要，每空不超过三个词。
Picture this: You're on a small island in the UK. You share the island with a few other people, and over 43,000 puffins (海鹦). Your job Count those puffins.
The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales (WTSWW) is looking for volunteers to work on Skomer Island, an island off the coast of Wales that's just under 3 square kilometers in size. The island is home to many different kinds of birds.
Around the world, puffin populations are at risk. Puffins are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List, meaning they are at risk of extinction (灭绝). However, it's not all bad news. Every year, the WTSWW does a count of the number of the birds on the island. And in 2025, 43,626 puffins were seen.
This year, the WTSWW is looking for volunteers to help with this job. The volunteers will work for about three months at a time between March and September. The main job is counting puffins. The volunteers can work on the island for a long holiday. They will also help with daily management of the island and greet the 25,000 visitors who come each year. Although they won't be paid, the volunteers may be given between $275 and $550 to help with their stay on the island, and they will be able to live there for free. They will also have free travel to and from the island, as long as they're coming from or going to a place in the UK.
Voluntary Work!
Reason Puffin populations are 　46． 　
　47． 　 Skomer Island off the coast of Wales, UK
　48． 　 Three months from March to September
Tasks Help with 　49． 　 of the island and greet visitors
Benefits 　50． 　 the island for free
Free round-trip travel between the UK and the island
【答案】46．at risk / endangered；47．Place / Location；48．Time / Working time；49．daily management；50．Live on
【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了海鹦鹉。
【点评】考查阅读填空。首先浏览题目，然后从原文找到相关语句，尽量用原文词句回答问题。
46．根据题干要问的是海鹦鹉志愿者工作的原因，根据第三段第一句"Around the world, puffin populations are at risk."可知海鹦种群目前濒临危险，这是志愿工作的原因，要求不超过三个词，因此填at risk或endangered，故填at risk/endangered。
47．根据"Skomer Island off the coast of Wales, UK"可知这是志愿工作的具体地点，左栏需要填概括词"地点"，place和location都表示地点，用在此处都可以，但两词的首字母都需要大写，故填Place / Location
48．根据表格右栏"Three months from March to September"给出的是志愿工作的时长和时间范围，左栏需要填概括词"工作时长/时间"，Working duration或Time都表示工作时间，都可以，故填Time / Working time。
49．根据第四段"They will also help with daily management of the island and greet the 25,000 visitors who come each year."可知，志愿者除了计数海鹦，还要协助岛屿日常管理、接待游客，故填daily management。
50．根据第四段"……and they will be able to live there for free."可知此处的"there"指代前文的Skomer Island，结合"……the island for free"可知此处要表达在这个岛上生活三个月，Live on the island，生活在岛上，故填Live on。
51． 假如你是学生李华，学校举办英语演讲比赛，请根据以下提示，以"My Hobby"为题写一篇演讲稿。
1. What's your favorite hobby in your free time
2. Why do you like it best
3. What do you learn from it
要求：
1．内容须包含所有信息，可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
2．词数80词左右。
3．文中不得出现真实姓名与学校名称。
【答案】My Hobby
Dear teachers and classmates,
My favorite hobby is reading books in my free time.
I love reading because different books bring me wonderful new worlds. When I read, I can forget all my tiredness from study. I can meet different people and learn lots of knowledge I can't get from textbooks.
Reading teaches me to be patient and think independently. It also helps me become more outgoing and knowledgeable. I will keep this good hobby forever.
That's all. Thank you!
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文；自我提升；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文、命题作文，所给例文描述爱好，文章多用一般现在时。写作时首先开门见山点明演讲主题，直接回答第一个问题，说明自己的爱好是什么；然后回答第二个和第三个问题，说明喜欢这个爱好的原因，以及从爱好中获得的收获，可以结合具体的小事让内容更真实自然；最后简单总结爱好对自己的意义，结束演讲。
【点评】考查提纲作文、命题作文、个人兴趣。所给例文采用总分总结构，开篇用"My favorite hobby is reading books in my free time."一句话直接点名自己的爱好，然后讲述了自己有这个爱好的原因，使用了because引导的原因状语从句、when引导的时间状语从句和定语从句，以及短语bring me wonderful new worlds、forget all my tiredness from study等短语，最后用"Reading teaches me to be patient and think independently. It also helps me become more outgoing and knowledgeable. I will keep this good hobby forever."总结全文。
1 / 1四川绵阳市涪城区2025-2026学年八年级下学期期末教学质量监测英语试卷
阅读判断，阅读下面短文，根据短文内容判断句子的正误。
Do you find it difficult to fall asleep at night Try picking up a book! Research has found that people who read before bed usually sleep better and longer than those who don't.
In a study, almost 500 participants (参与者) were asked to read a book in bed for 15 to 30 minutes before trying to sleep. Another group of participants was told not to read in bed. Both groups were also asked not to eat or drink anything with caffeine (咖啡因) in the hour before they went to bed. After one week, 42% of the readers said they slept better!
One of the reasons why reading a book could improve sleep is that it's relaxing. When you read in bed, your heart slows down a little, while your muscles relax. At the same time, a good book can calm your mind, stopping the day's stress from keeping you awake.
For many people, reading a book also means they won't be looking at a phone or computer screen. This is important, because the light from screens can negatively affect sleep.
Of course, this means that reading an e-book on a screen probably won't have the same positive effect on sleep. Even devices (设备) made just for reading still have blue light, which is known to make it harder to fall asleep.
Therefore, for the best sleep, try reading and choose paper books!
1．Reading before bed for 15 to 30 minutes can help us sleep better and longer.
2．In the study, participants were allowed to drink coffee before bed.
3．Phone screen light has a bad influence on sleep.
4．Reading an e-book has the same positive effect on sleep as a paper book.
5．The author wants to tell us that reading a paper book is good for sleep.
阅读理解
Typhoon season in China is usually from May to September every year.
Recently, Typhoon Ragasa has hit China heavily and caused a great deal of damage. When a typhoon comes near, what should we do
#What to do if a typhoon comes with strong winds #
If you are outside
Find a nearby building and go inside to avoid the falling trees and blowing objects. If you are inside
Stay indoors. Close windows to prevent broken glass shards (碎片) from flying in. If you are in the ocean
Move to higher ground to keep away from incoming waves
#What to do if a typhoon comes with heavy rain #
If you are near the river
Don't go into the river because it is very dangerous. If you are driving
Go to higher ground. If your car shuts down while you drive through the water, get out of the car and leave. If you are outside
Go to higher ground
6．How long is the typhoon season in China
A．For about 3 months. B．For about 4 months.
C．For about 5 months. D．For about 6 months.
7．If you are outside during strong winds, what should you do
A．Stay under the tree
B．Go into the nearby building.
C．Walk along the river.
D．Pick up falling objects to sell.
8．When a typhoon comes, which of the following is right
A．If you are in the ocean, swim towards the waves.
B．If the strong winds blow, open the windows to let the air in.
C．If you're outside and it rains heavily, it's best to stay on higher ground.
D．If you are driving through the water, please stay inside and wait for help.
9．What is the main purpose of these two posters
A．To report how terrible the recent typhoons were.
B．To tell possible dangers hidden in different typhoons
C．To teach people to protect themselves when typhoon comes.
D．To compare the effect caused by windy and rainy typhoons
10．Where is the most suitable place for this passage
A．On the restaurant's menu. B．In a cooking instruction.
C．In a car driving guide. D．In a nature book.
阅读理解
Ms Jones' class was going to put on a play, Alice in Wonderland. The students took turns reading lines to the teacher, hoping to get their favourite parts.
The next day, they checked the noticeboard to see which parts they got. Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella. Three boys were also unhappy because they got no parts to play but the job of helping out backstage with Shirley.
"Why do we have to do all the hard work while they get all the attention " complained Jerry. Sam pulled a long face as he felt the same way.
"Come on," said Andy. "Our work is important too, and it can be fun!" He was right. For the next two weeks, they built the sets together and found the work very enjoyable and satisfying.
Finally, the big day arrived. Jerry and Shirley helped with costumes.
Andy controlled the lights and sound, and Sam managed the stage curtain (帘子). When Ella came on stage, Shirley was not very pleased. Since Ella always seemed self-important, Shirley had never liked her. But seeing her act with natural confidence, Shirley thought, "Ms Jones was right. Ella is perfect for the role."
The play went really well. As everyone clapped and cheered, Ms Jones invited the backstage helpers onto the stage. Shirley smiled at Ella, "Nice acting!" Ella smiled back and replied, "Thank you for the beautiful sets. They truly made the play very special."
"Our talented actors and hard-working backstage team have shown us the true power of team spirit," Ms Jones said proudly. "Now let's celebrate the success of our play together!"
11．Who was chosen to play the role of Alice
A．Shirley B．Ella C．Jerry D．Andy
12．According to Paragraph 2, why did Shirley feel down
A．Because she was not chosen to play Alice.
B．Because she failed to read lines to the teacher.
C．Because her classmates refused to help her.
D．Because her name was not on the noticeboard.
13．The phrase "pulled a long face" in Paragraph 3 means that Sam was ____.
A．feeling proud B．speaking loudly
C．looking unhappy D．keeping quiet
14．Which of the following best describes Andy's personality based on Paragraph 4
A．Proud and cold. B．Creative and quiet.
C．Unhappy but polite. D．Positive and encouraging.
15．Which could be the best title for this passage
A．Shining together: a team success.
B．The Story of Alice in Wonderland.
C．Being on the stage: a talented girl.
D．The hard backstage work, the shining life.
阅读理解
Sometimes people give others nicknames (绰号). These names can be friendly or unkind. It can be difficult to stop people from using a nickname, especially if they have used it for a long time. However, there are ways to deal with this situation.
Tip 1: Don't answer a nickname you don't like. When some people call you by an unfriendly nickname, they may try to make you angry. If you don't answer, they may find it boring and stop.
Tip 2: Ask your friends to stop using the nickname. Calmly explain to them that it makes you feel bad. Good friends will understand and won't want to hurt your feelings.
Tip 3: Ask your teachers for help. Unkind name-calling is bullying, and you don't have to put up with it. If you have tried ignoring (忽略) and then challenging the name-calling, but it continues to happen, talk to your teachers and ask them to keep an eye on the situation.
Tip 4: Repeat your real name in your daily life. Introduce yourself before somebody else introduces you. This way, you can fix your real name in people's minds. You can also achieve the same goal by signing off emails or texts with your real name. For example, writing "OK. See you later. Jill" at the end of an email will get your friends more used to this name.
Tip 5: Remember that nicknames don't last forever. As you get older, people will use nicknames less and less. As you meet new people and have new experiences, things like nicknames change too.
A nickname is just a name—it doesn't describe who you are. Be proud of your real name and let others know what you want to be called.
16．According to Tip 1, why do some people keep calling others bad nicknames
A．They hope to make the person lose temper.
B．They feel bored when nobody replies to them.
C．They think the nickname is lovely and friendly.
D．They want others to forget the person's real name.
17．The underlined phrase "put up with" in Tip 3 is closest in meaning to ____.
A．make full use of something B．fight against bad behaviors
C．accept something unpleasant D．give up one's own opinion
18．Why does the author introduce the sentence "OK. See you later. Jill"
A．Show an opinion. B．Give an example.
C．State a result. D．Make a comparison.
19．It can be inferred from Tip 5 that nicknames change or disappear because ____.
A．elderly people prefer using real names
B．students will study much harder when they grow up
C．people will have no time to call nicknames to each other
D．one's social circles and life stages develop as time goes by
20．What's the main idea of the passage
A．Why nicknames can't last forever.
B．Why nicknames are always unkind.
C．How to deal with nicknames you don't like.
D．How to make funny nicknames for friends.
阅读下面的短文，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
Robert was running a 3,000-metre race and he was winning. However, about 50 metres away from the finishing line, he fell and hurt his 21． . He tried to get up, but he couldn't 22． . He started walking towards the finishing line and Daniel soon caught up with him. It was 23． for Daniel to run past him and win the race, but Daniel decided not to. He walked slowly behind Robert. They 24． the finishing line with Robert in first place and Daniel in second. Daniel said later that he didn't want to win in that way. Robert tried to give his medal to Daniel. However, Daniel 25． . He said that Robert's act of offering the prize was worth more than what he did for Robert.
21．A．hand B．foot C．face D．teeth
22．A．walk B．shout C．run D．cry
23．A．hurtful B．unusual C．thankful D．easy
24．A．crossed B．set C．located D．missed
25．A．realized B．advised C．refused D．hid
阅读下面的短文，从后面各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳答案。
David is an American boy studying in Chengdu. He was thrilled because his classmate Li Lei invited him to his 15th birthday party. David hoped to pick a special 26． that could remind Li Lei of their sweet friendship.
He came up with the idea of red envelopes. He learned that Chinese people 27． give red envelopes during the Spring Festival. " 28． is really useful. This will surely be a great present!" David said to himself. 29． buying a common present, he put some pocket money into a red envelope.
At the party, David handed the envelope to Li Lei. But the moment Li Lei opened it, he looked quite 30． . David kept wondering 31． Li Lei liked the gift.
The next day, David's Chinese teacher noticed he was 32． . David explained the whole thing to him. The teacher smiled and told him, "In China, the 33． give red envelopes to kids to send good luck. However, between 34． friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. It will make the birthday boy feel uncomfortable in most situations."
David finally 35． his mistake. He went to buy a nice notebook at once and wrote a warm message inside. After he gave it to Li Lei, Li Lei wore a big smile. The misunderstanding between them disappeared completely.
26．A．place B．date C．present D．reason
27．A．seldom B．once C．never D．usually
28．A．Pocket B．Money C．Notebook D．Wishes
29．A．Instead of B．Because of C．In spite of D．So that
30．A．embarrassed B．inspired C．joyful D．nervous
31．A．unless B．if C．although D．since
32．A．painful B．scared C．upset D．lonely
33．A．teachers B．elderly C．classmates D．friends
34．A．adult B．childish C．selfish D．teenage
35．A．made B．improved C．realized D．forgave
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个恰当的词或括号内单词的正确形式（不超过三个单词）。
The Hukou Waterfall is a famous natural wonder located where the provinces of Shanxi and Shaanxi meet. It is the largest yellowish waterfall in the world and the 　36． 　(two) largest waterfall in China.
Its name, "Hukou", perfectly describes how the wide river 　37． 　(sudden) narrows (变狭窄) and then rushes down. Because of its special location, the area around Hukou has been 　38． 　important place for cultural and economic exchanges across our country.
There are also some interesting stories about the Hukou Waterfall. One of 　39． 　(they) is about Dayu and the Dragon King. Long ago, the water level of the Yellow River was 　40． 　(hundred) of metres high. As Dayu cut through the Dragon Gate Mountain　41． 　(control) the flood, the Dragon King had nowhere to hide. He drilled (钻) underground, beat the rocks with his tail, and finally 　42． 　(create) this waterfall.
The view of the Hukou Waterfall is very 　43． 　(change) with the seasons, so you can enjoy its special beauty from spring to winter.　44． 　 I stood on the Shaanxi side in an afternoon, the golden sunlight was shining beautifully on the water. How 　45． 　(surprising) I experienced its magic! From there, I got a greater view of how wide the waterfall was.
阅读下面短文，然后在文后思维导图内完成内容摘要，每空不超过三个词。
Picture this: You're on a small island in the UK. You share the island with a few other people, and over 43,000 puffins (海鹦). Your job Count those puffins.
The Wildlife Trust of South and West Wales (WTSWW) is looking for volunteers to work on Skomer Island, an island off the coast of Wales that's just under 3 square kilometers in size. The island is home to many different kinds of birds.
Around the world, puffin populations are at risk. Puffins are on the International Union for Conservation of Nature's Red List, meaning they are at risk of extinction (灭绝). However, it's not all bad news. Every year, the WTSWW does a count of the number of the birds on the island. And in 2025, 43,626 puffins were seen.
This year, the WTSWW is looking for volunteers to help with this job. The volunteers will work for about three months at a time between March and September. The main job is counting puffins. The volunteers can work on the island for a long holiday. They will also help with daily management of the island and greet the 25,000 visitors who come each year. Although they won't be paid, the volunteers may be given between $275 and $550 to help with their stay on the island, and they will be able to live there for free. They will also have free travel to and from the island, as long as they're coming from or going to a place in the UK.
Voluntary Work!
Reason Puffin populations are 　46． 　
　47． 　 Skomer Island off the coast of Wales, UK
　48． 　 Three months from March to September
Tasks Help with 　49． 　 of the island and greet visitors
Benefits 　50． 　 the island for free
Free round-trip travel between the UK and the island
51． 假如你是学生李华，学校举办英语演讲比赛，请根据以下提示，以"My Hobby"为题写一篇演讲稿。
1. What's your favorite hobby in your free time
2. Why do you like it best
3. What do you learn from it
要求：
1．内容须包含所有信息，可以适当发挥，以使行文连贯。
2．词数80词左右。
3．文中不得出现真实姓名与学校名称。
答案解析部分
【答案】1．正确
2．错误
3．正确
4．错误
5．正确
【知识点】科普类；说明文
【解析】【分析】本文说明了睡前读纸质书籍有助睡眠。
【点评】考查阅读判断。首先明确题干含义，然后从原文找到相关语句佐证。
1．根据第二段的实验"In a study, almost 500 participants (参与者) were asked to read a book in bed for 15 to 30 minutes before trying to sleep. ……After one week, 42% of the readers said they slept better!"可知安排睡前读书组在床上读15-30分钟书，一周后42%的读书者都表示睡眠质量变好了，和题干描述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
2．根据第二段"Both groups were also asked not to eat or drink anything with caffeine in the hour before they went to bed"，可知实验要求参与者睡前不能喝含咖啡因的饮品，不允许喝咖啡，和题干"被允许睡前喝咖啡"描述不符，因此该句表述错误。故选错误。
3．根据第四段"...because the light from screens can negatively affect sleep"，可知手机屏幕光对睡眠有坏影响，和题干表述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
4．根据第五段"Of course, this means that reading an e-book on a screen probably won't have the same positive effect on sleep"，可知电子书并没有和纸质书一样的对睡眠的积极效果，因此该句表述错误。故选错误。
5．根据全文都在介绍睡前读书对睡眠的好处，同时说明电子书有蓝光影响睡眠，最后一段作者总结" Therefore, for the best sleep, try reading and choose paper books!"，可知作者的核心观点就是读纸质书对睡眠有益，和题干表述一致，因此该句表述正确。故选正确。
【答案】6．C
7．B
8．C
9．C
10．D
【知识点】说明文；天气与生活；自然现象；细节理解；文章大意
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了台风来临时不同情形下的自救方法。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题和文章大意题，细节理解题要从原文找答案，文章大意题要结合文章的主要内容确定。
6．细节理解题。根据第一段"Typhoon season in China is usually from May to September every year."可知中国台风季是5月到9月，一共包含5、6、7、8、9五个月份，时长约5个月，故选C。
7．细节理解题。根据第一个表格"If you are outside"部分的"Find a nearby building and go inside to avoid the falling trees and blowing objects."，可知在室外要找到附近建筑进入躲避，对应选项B，故选B。
8．细节理解题。根据"If you are in the ocean……Move to higher ground to keep away from incoming waves"可知台风来临时如果在海边需要转移到高地躲避即将到来的海浪，而不是朝海浪游，选项A错误。根据"Close windows to prevent broken glass shards from flying in"可知强风来临时不能开窗，选项B错误。根据第二个表格"If you are outside……Go to higher ground"可知如果在室外碰到下大雨，最好待在高处，选项C表述正确。根据"get out of the car and leave"可知暴雨开车涉水时，如果车熄火，不能待在车里等救援，选项D错误。故选C。
9．文章大意题。根据"When a typhoon comes near, what should we do "，之后分场景介绍不同的应对方法，核心目的是教人们台风来临时如何保护自己，故选C。
10．文章出处题。本文是关于自然气象灾害台风的自救科普，最适合出现在自然相关书籍中，故选D。
【答案】11．B
12．A
13．C
14．D
15．A
【知识点】故事阅读类；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了琼斯老师班级编排戏剧时，未能获得表演角色的后台工作人员从不满到投入，最终和演员共同成就一场成功演出的故事，阐释了团队精神的意义。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题、词义猜测题、推理判断题和标题选择题，细节理解题要从原文找答案；推理判断题要联系上下文推断出需要的信息；词义猜测题要联系前后语境确定；标题选择题要结合文章的中心思想确定。
11．细节理解题。根据第二段"Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella."可知，爱丽丝这个角色被选给了Ella，故选B。
12．细节理解题。根据"Shirley was disappointed that her dream role, Alice, had gone to Ella."，可知雪莉因为自己想要的爱丽丝角色没被选上，角色给了别人才失望难过。故选A。
13．词义猜测题。根据上文杰瑞抱怨"Why do we have to do all the hard work while they get all the attention "，以及后文"as he felt the same way"（山姆和杰瑞感受相同），可知杰瑞不满、不高兴，山姆也有一样的情绪。pull a long face意为"拉长脸，闷闷不乐"，因此含义是"看起来不高兴"，故选C。
14．推理判断题。根据第四段，其他人都不满后台工作的时候，安迪说"Come on. Our work is important too, and it can be fun!"，主动安抚大家，认可后台工作的价值，后续大家也在一起搭建布景的过程中获得了乐趣，可以推断出安迪是积极、善于鼓励人的。故选D。
15．标题选择题。文章结尾琼斯老师总结"Our talented actors and hard-working backstage team have shown us the true power of team spirit"，点明主旨：戏剧的成功是演员和后台团队共同努力的结果，核心是团队合作的成功。故选A。
【答案】16．A
17．C
18．B
19．D
20．C
【知识点】议论文；日常活动；细节理解；推理判断；词义猜测
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了如何应对一些你不喜欢、不友好的绰号。
【点评】考查阅读理解。本文主要涉及细节理解题、推理判断题、词义猜测题和文章大意题，细节理解题要从原文找答案；推理判断题要联系上下文推断出需要的信息；文章大意题要归纳文章的中心思想。
16．细节理解题。根据Tip1中的"When some people call you by an unfriendly nickname, they may try to make you angry."可知有些人喊别人不友好的绰号，是想让对方生气发脾气。A选项"They hope to make the person lose temper."（他们希望让这个人发脾气）符合原文表述，故选A。
17．词义猜测题。根据"Unkind name-calling is bullying, and you don't have to put up with it."恶意的辱骂是霸凌行为，你无需忍受，可以推断出"put up with"是容忍、忍受的意思，与选项C意思一致，故选C。
18．细节理解题。在Tip4中，作者先提出方法"在邮件或短信末尾署上自己的真名，就能让大家习惯你的真名"。接着举例子"For example, writing "OK. See you later. Jill" at the end of an email..."，由标志词`For example`可知，这句话是作者给出的具体示例，故选B。
19．推理判断题。根据Tip5的内容"As you get older, people will use nicknames less and less. As you meet new people and have new experiences, things like nicknames change too."可知，随着年龄增长，我们会结识新朋友、获得新经历，个人的社交圈和人生阶段发生变化，绰号也会随之改变甚至消失。故选D。
20．文章大意题。文章首段就点明主题"It can be difficult to stop people from using a nickname, especially if they have used it for a long time. However, there are ways to deal with this situation."，之后分点介绍了应对不喜欢的绰号的5个方法，结尾总结观点。因此文章主旨是"如何应对你不喜欢的绰号"，对应C选项。故选C。
【答案】21．B；22．C；23．D；24．A；25．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文述了赛跑选手Robert受伤后，对手Daniel不趁机超越，坚持陪他冲线的体育精神故事。
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
21．句意：然而，在距离终点线大约50米处，他摔倒并伤到了他的脚。A.hand，名词，手；B.foot，名词，脚；C.face，名词，脸；D.teeth，名词，牙齿；根据上文可知Robert参加的是3000米赛跑，根据"He tried to get up, but he couldn't……"可以推断他伤的是脚，故选B。
22．句意：他努力站起来，但是他不能跑了。A.walk，动词，步行；B.shout，动词，大喊；C.run，动词，跑；D.cry，动词，哭；根据"He started walking towards the finishing line "可知Robert不能跑了，故选C。
23．句意：对丹尼尔而言跑过罗伯特赢得比赛很容易。A.hurtful，形容词，受伤的；B.unusual，形容词，不同寻常的；C.thankful，形容词，感激的；D.easy，形容词，容易的；根据上文以及" but Daniel decided not to. He walked slowly behind Robert. "可知丹尼尔要跑过罗伯特很容易，故选D。
24．句意：他们越过了终点线，罗伯特获得第一名，丹尼尔获得第二名。A.crossed，动词，横穿、越过；B.set，动词，设置；C.located，动词，坐落；D.missed，动词，错过；根据"They……the finishing line with Robert in first place and Daniel in second."可知此处要表达越过终点线，故选A。
25．句意：然而，丹尼尔拒绝了。A.realized，动词，意识到；B.advised，动词，建议；C.refused，动词，拒绝；D.hid，动词，躲藏；根据"He said that Robert's act of offering the prize was worth more than what he did for Robert."可知丹尼尔拒绝了罗伯特的提议，故选C。
【答案】26．C；27．D；28．B；29．A；30．A；31．B；32．C；33．B；34．D；35．C
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文讲述了美国男孩David在中国给朋友送生日红包，最终理解文化差异纠正错误的故事
【点评】考查完形填空。首先通读文章，跳过缺失的单词，然后根据上下文判断所缺单词的含义，最后对选项进行甄别，选出合理选项。
26．句意：大卫希望挑选一份特别的礼物，好让李雷想起他们甜蜜的友谊。A.place，名词，地方；B.date，名词，日期；C.present，名词，礼物；D.reason，名词，原因；根据" He was thrilled because his classmate Li Lei invited him to his 15th birthday party."David受邀参加李磊的生日会，因此他要挑选礼物，故选C。
27．句意：他了解到中国人通常在春节期间给红包。A.seldom，副词，不经常；B.once，副词，一旦；C.never，副词，从不；D.usually，副词，通常；根据习俗可知"He learned that Chinese people …… give red envelopes during the Spring Festival."要表达中国人通常在春节期间给红包，故选D。
28．句意：钱是真得很有用。A.Pocket，名词，口袋；B.Money，名词，钱；C.Notebook，名词，笔记本；D.Wishes，名词，祝愿；根据"he put some pocket money into a red envelope."可知此处要表达钱真得很有用，故选B。
29．句意：他把一些零花钱放进了一个红包里，而不是买一件普通的礼物。A.Instead of，代替，而不是；B.Because of，因为；C.In spite of，尽管；D.So that，以便、为了；根据"…… is really useful. This will surely be a great present!"可知"…… buying a common present, he put some pocket money into a red envelope."要表达代替买一件普通的礼物，他包了个红包，故选A。
30．句意：但是李磊打开它时，他看上去很窘迫。A.embarrassed，形容词，窘迫的；B.inspired，形容词，有灵感的、受到启发的；C.joyful，形容词，高兴的；D.nervous，形容词，紧张的；根据"In China, the …… give red envelopes to kids to send good luck.However, between …… friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. It will make the birthday boy feel uncomfortable in most situations."可知在中国长辈给晚辈红包是为了传递好运，然而好朋友之间给钱就像是一个交易，会让生日男孩儿在这种情形里不舒服，因此李磊会尴尬，故选A。
31．句意：大卫一直想知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物。A.unless，连词，除非；B.if，连词，如果、是否；C.although，连词，尽管；D.since，连词，既然；根据" David kept wondering…… Li Lei liked the gift."可知此处要表达大卫一直想知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物，这是一个宾语从句，wonder通常和if或whether搭配，表示"想知道是否……"，故选B。
32．句意：第二天，大卫的语文老师注意到他是沮丧的。A.painful，形容词，疼的；B.scared，形容词，害怕的；C.upset，形容词，沮丧的；D.lonely，形容词，孤独的；根据上文可知李磊在收到大卫的红包时表情尴尬，大卫不知道李磊是否喜欢这个礼物，因此推断大卫是沮丧的，故选C。
33．句意：在中国，长辈给晚辈红包是为了传递好运。A.teachers，名词，教师；B.elderly，名词，老年人、上年级的人；C.classmates，名词，同学；D.friends，名词，朋友；根据"In China, the…… give red envelopes to kids to send good luck."可知此处要表达年长的人给孩子发红包是为了传递好运，故选B。
34．句意：然而，在十几岁的朋友间，给钱会让友谊看起来像交易。A.adult，名词，成人；B.childish，形容词，幼稚的、孩子气的；C.selfish，形容词，自私的；D.teenage，名词，青少年；根据"However, between……friends, giving money may make friendship seem like a trade. "可知此处要表达十几岁的朋友间给钱像是让友谊变成交易，故选D。
35．句意：大卫最终意识到他的错误。A.made，动词，制作；B.improved，动词，提升；C.realized，动词，意识到；D.forgave，动词，原谅、宽恕；根据下文大卫去买了笔记本给李磊可知大卫意识到了自己的错误，故选C。
【答案】36．second；37．suddenly；38．an；39．them；40．hundreds；41．to control；42．created；43．changeable；44．When；45．surprisingly
【知识点】说明文；中国主要城市（家乡）地理概况
【解析】【分析】本文介绍了中国第二大瀑布——壶口瀑布。
【点评】考查语法填空。答题时要跳过空格通读全文，了解大意，然后根据语境及所给单词的提示对所缺部分逐一解答，注意要考虑句型、语法、搭配、语境等因素，最后通读一遍，逐一验证。
36．句意：它是世界上最大的黄色瀑布，中国第二大瀑布。two，基数词，二；此处根据句意，表示第二大，需要序数词修饰名词，the+序数词+形容词最高级+名词，表示"第几个最 ……"，two对应的序数词是second，意为第二，故填second。
37．句意：它的名字"壶口"完美地描述了宽阔的河流是如何突然变窄并奔腾而下的。sudden，形容词，突然的；所填词修饰动词narrows，需填副词词性，suddenly，副词，突然地，用在此处符合句意，故填suddenly。
38．句意：由于其特殊的地理位置，壶口地区一直是一个全国文化和经济交流的重要场所。根据句意可知此处要表达"一个重要场所"，用不定冠词，important是元音音素开头，所以用an表示一，故填an。
39．句意：其中一个是关于大禹和龙王的。they，代词主格，他们，所填词作介词of的宾语，代词用宾格，they对应的宾格是them，故填them。
40．句意：很久以前，黄河的水位有几百米高。hundred，名词，百，固定搭配hundreds of，几百，故填hundreds。
41．句意：当大禹凿穿龙门山来控制洪水时，龙王无处可藏。control，动词，控制，分析句子结构可知，此处用不定式作目的状语，故填to control。
42．句意：他钻入地下，用尾巴撞击岩石，最终创造了这道瀑布。create，动词，创造，所填词与前面的动词drilled、beat并列，都用一般过去式，create的过去式是created，故填created。
43．句意：壶口瀑布的景色随季节变化而变化，因此你可以从春天到冬天欣赏到它独特的魅力。change，动词，改变；分析句子结构可知，此处描述状态，所填词作系动词is的表语，用到形容词词性，changeable，形容词，多变的，用在此处符合语境，故填changeable。
44．句意：当我在一个下午站在沙岸溪边时，金色的阳光美丽地照耀在水面上。此处需要连词连接主从句，when，连词，当……时候，引导时间状语从句，用在此处符合语境，when位于句首，首字母需要大写，故填When。
45．句意：我多么惊讶地体验到了它的魔力！surprising，形容词，惊讶的，分析句子结构可知所填词在感叹句中修饰动词experienced，是副词词性，surprisingly，副词，惊讶地，故填surprisingly。
【答案】46．at risk / endangered；47．Place / Location；48．Time / Working time；49．daily management；50．Live on
【知识点】说明文；常见的动物及其生活环境
【解析】【分析】本文主要介绍了海鹦鹉。
【点评】考查阅读填空。首先浏览题目，然后从原文找到相关语句，尽量用原文词句回答问题。
46．根据题干要问的是海鹦鹉志愿者工作的原因，根据第三段第一句"Around the world, puffin populations are at risk."可知海鹦种群目前濒临危险，这是志愿工作的原因，要求不超过三个词，因此填at risk或endangered，故填at risk/endangered。
47．根据"Skomer Island off the coast of Wales, UK"可知这是志愿工作的具体地点，左栏需要填概括词"地点"，place和location都表示地点，用在此处都可以，但两词的首字母都需要大写，故填Place / Location
48．根据表格右栏"Three months from March to September"给出的是志愿工作的时长和时间范围，左栏需要填概括词"工作时长/时间"，Working duration或Time都表示工作时间，都可以，故填Time / Working time。
49．根据第四段"They will also help with daily management of the island and greet the 25,000 visitors who come each year."可知，志愿者除了计数海鹦，还要协助岛屿日常管理、接待游客，故填daily management。
50．根据第四段"……and they will be able to live there for free."可知此处的"there"指代前文的Skomer Island，结合"……the island for free"可知此处要表达在这个岛上生活三个月，Live on the island，生活在岛上，故填Live on。
51．【答案】My Hobby
Dear teachers and classmates,
My favorite hobby is reading books in my free time.
I love reading because different books bring me wonderful new worlds. When I read, I can forget all my tiredness from study. I can meet different people and learn lots of knowledge I can't get from textbooks.
Reading teaches me to be patient and think independently. It also helps me become more outgoing and knowledgeable. I will keep this good hobby forever.
That's all. Thank you!
【知识点】命题作文；提纲作文；自我提升；演讲稿
【解析】【分析】这是一篇提纲作文、命题作文，所给例文描述爱好，文章多用一般现在时。写作时首先开门见山点明演讲主题，直接回答第一个问题，说明自己的爱好是什么；然后回答第二个和第三个问题，说明喜欢这个爱好的原因，以及从爱好中获得的收获，可以结合具体的小事让内容更真实自然；最后简单总结爱好对自己的意义，结束演讲。
【点评】考查提纲作文、命题作文、个人兴趣。所给例文采用总分总结构，开篇用"My favorite hobby is reading books in my free time."一句话直接点名自己的爱好，然后讲述了自己有这个爱好的原因，使用了because引导的原因状语从句、when引导的时间状语从句和定语从句，以及短语bring me wonderful new worlds、forget all my tiredness from study等短语，最后用"Reading teaches me to be patient and think independently. It also helps me become more outgoing and knowledgeable. I will keep this good hobby forever."总结全文。
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