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(共21张PPT)
Unit 1: Art
Learning About Language
Review: The Infinitive as Object and Predicative
Grade:Senior 2
Time:45 minutes
Learning Objectives
By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:
01. Master Core Structures
Confidently use the infinitive as both a grammatical object and predicative to construct clear, accurate sentences.
02. Distinguish Key Forms
Analyze and identify the nuanced differences between the infinitive and the gerund (-ing form) in various contexts.
03. Express Art & Ideas
Apply these grammatical structures to vividly describe artistic works and articulate personal interpretations.
Lead-in: A Famous Quote
"Fill your paper with the breathings of your heart."
— William Wordsworth
What does it mean
This profound line urges us to move beyond superficiality andto expressour most authentic feelings. It is an invitation to write with sincerity, letting the voice of your heart guide your words and connect deeply with your audience.
Review
Let's look at some sentences from the text:
1. The best wayto understandWestern artis to look atits development.
2. Monet wantedto conveythe light and movement in the scene.
What is the structure of the infinitive (to + base form of the verb)
Grammar Focus 1: Infinitive as Object
Basic Structure
Formula:Verb + to do
The infinitive functions as the direct object of the preceding verb, creating a complete verbal phrase.
Core Characteristics
Typically follows transitive verbs (action verbs).
Expresses aspecific, future, or one-time action, distinct from habitual actions.
Common Verbs List
want decide hope
plan expect learn
choose agree refuse
manage fail offer
“I promise to call you tomorrow.”
(Future action)
“She failed to finish the task.”
(Specific past attempt)
Practice 1
Complete the sentences with the infinitive form.
1. Monet wanted ________ (convey) the light and movement.
2. Rembrandt learned ________ (paint) from his father.
3. He promised ________ (help) us.
4. She began ________ (understand) the importance of perspective.
5. They decided ________ (create) a new style of painting.
Practice 1: Answer Key
01.Monet wantedto conveythe fleeting effects of light and movement in nature.
02.Rembrandt learnedto paintat a young age, influenced by the masters of the Dutch Golden Age.
03.He promisedto helpcurate the exhibit showcasing post-impressionist works.
04.She beganto understandthe emotional depth of color in abstract art.
05.They decidedto createa collaborative mural reflecting the city’s diverse cultural heritage.
“Every artist dips his brush in his own soul, and paints his own nature into his pictures.”
— Henry Ward Beecher
Grammar Focus 2: Infinitive as Predicative
STRUCTURE:Linking Verb (be, seem, appear) + to do
It explains thecontent, goal, or future planof the subject, revealing its core meaning or intended purpose.
The subject and the infinitive can often beswappedin position without changing the sentence's fundamental meaning or grammar.
Example:"The best way to understand Western artis to look atits development."
(Alternative structure: To look at its development is the best way to understand Western art.)
Practice 2
Complete the sentences with the infinitive form.
1. The best way to understand Western art is________ (to look)at its historical development over centuries.
2. The primary goal of Impressionism was________ (to convey)the fleeting effects of light and movement in everyday life.
3. Her central task as a contemporary artist is________ (to create)a new visual language that speaks to modern audiences.
4. Ever since he was young, his greatest dream has been________ (to become)a painter who captures the beauty of nature authentically.
Practice 2: Answer Key
01.The best way to understand Western art isto lookat its historical and cultural development.
02.The primary goal of Impressionism wasto conveythe fleeting effects of light and movement in everyday scenes.
03.Her artistic task isto createa new visual language that challenges traditional painting norms.
04.Against all odds, his lifelong dream isto becomea renowned painter whose work inspires future generations.
Grammar Focus 3: Comparison
Infinitive vs. -ing Form
Infinitive (to do)
As Object:Refers to a specific, future action or a concrete intention that is yet to happen.
As Predicative:Describes a future goal, plan, or purpose; an intended outcome or destination.
-ing Form (doing)
As Object:Refers to a habitual, general, or abstract action; a fact or an activity in its entirety.
As Predicative:Describes a general characteristic, inherent quality, or the nature of a person or thing.
“Remember: The infinitive often looks forward to a specific act, while the gerund looks at the action as a concept or habit.”
Practice 3: Comparison
Choose the correct form: infinitive or -ing form, based on the context clues.
01
I remember ________ (lock) the door before I left.
Context: Action completed and recalled (did it in the past)
02
Remember ________ (lock) the door when you leave the studio.
Context: Reminder for a future action (do it later)
03
His current job is ________ (teach) painting techniques to beginners.
Context: Describes the general content or nature of the role
04
Her biggest dream is ________ (become) a full-time studio artist.
Context: Refers to a future goal, ambition or purpose
Practice 3: Answer Key
01.I rememberlockingthe door before I left.
Context: Refers to a recalled past action, something that happened and was completed.
02.Rememberto lockthe door when you leave.
Context: A reminder for a specific, future action that needs to be done.
03.His job isteachingart to children.
Context: Describes the general content, nature, or ongoing characteristic of his work.
04.His dream isto becomea professional artist.
Context: Refers to a future aspiration, goal, or plan that hasn't been achieved yet.
Vocabulary Boost
From adjectives to adverbs/nouns
01. realistic → realistically
(adverb) - In a way that is practical, sensible, or based on reality.
02. influence → influential / influence
(adj/noun) - Having the power to affect others / The capacity to have an effect on someone.
03. innovate → innovative / innovation
(adj/noun) - Featuring new methods / The introduction of new things or methods.
04. emerge → emergence
(noun) - The process of coming into existence or becoming visible.
Application: Writing Task
Write a concise paragraph (about 60 words) to introduce an artist or an art form that inspires you. Focus on conveying your genuine perspective.
Core Requirement
Ensure your writing includes at leastthree infinitives(e.g., to express, to create, to understand). This will demonstrate your ability to use complex sentence structures effectively.
Structural Ideas
Her ultimate goal isto evokeemotion through abstract forms.
He choseto abandonrealism for a more expressive style.
The keyto appreciatingher art is to embrace its ambiguity.
“Writing about art is an art in itself — let your words resonate with creativity.”
Writing Sample: Claude Monet
Claude Monet decidedto createa new way of painting. His goalwas to capturethe light and movement in nature. He wantedto showpeople’s subjective impressions of a scene. The best wayto understandhis workis to look athis paintingImpression, Sunrise.
“Color is my day-long obsession, joy, and torment. To such an extent indeed that I hold my breath when I see the watercolors I love so much being dried up by the sun.”
Left: Claude Monet (1840–1926) | Right: *Impression, Sunrise* (1872)
Summary
01. Infinitive as Object
Structure: Verb + to do. This form typically expresses a specific action or a future intention, acting as the direct recipient of the verb’s action within a sentence.
02. Infinitive as Predicative
Follows linking verbs (e.g., be, seem). It describes the subject’s goal, plan, or identity, clarifying the subject’s state or future purpose rather than an action.
03. Infinitive vs. Gerund (-ing)
Infinitives often refer to specific or future actions, while gerunds (-ing) emphasize general truths, habits, or abstract concepts. Context dictates whether to use specificity or generality.
04. Mastery Learning Path
A systematic approach to grammar: 1. Observe sentence patterns 2. Compare structures 3. Summarize rules 4. Practice actively 5. Apply in real-world speaking and writing.
Quick Check
Choose the correct answer.
01
She promised ______ me with my English.
A. help | B. to help | C. helping
02
My plan is ______ a famous artist in the future.
A. become | B. to become | C. becoming
03
I forgot ______ the lights when I left the room.
A. to turn off | B. turning off
Quick Check: Answer Key
01
She promisedB. to helpme with my English.
The verb 'promise' governs the infinitive form to indicate a future commitment or assurance.
02
My plan isB. to becomea famous artist in the future.
After the linking verb 'is', the infinitive acts as a subject complement to define the nature of the plan.
03
I forgotA. to turn offthe lights when I left.
'Forget to do' implies the intended action was neglected or not performed before leaving.
“Understanding verb patterns is key to mastering English grammar fluency.”
Homework
01 / Basic Level
Review the essential grammar rules and commonly used verbs from today’s lesson. Complete Activity 3 on Page 6 of your textbook to reinforce your understanding of sentence structures.
02 / Advanced Level
Write an 80-word passage about your favorite art form (e.g., painting, music). Ensure you integrate at least 5 infinitive verbs naturally to practice their usage in descriptive writing.
03 / Challenge Level
Compose a 100-word essay titled “The Importance of Creativity in Art”. Reflect on how creativity fuels innovation, emotional expression, and cultural connection in various artistic disciplines.
Choose the level that aligns with your current goals — don’t hesitate to challenge yourself with a higher level!
Thank You
Your curiosity and engagement are the colors that bring our lessons to life.
Keep exploring, creating, and expressing yourself.

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