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(共23张PPT)
Unit 4 History and Traditions
Listening and Speaking
At the end of this lesson, students are able to:
1. Collect some information about historic sites in Qufu about Confucius and his philosophy through listening;
2. Identify the English idioms used in the conversation;
3. Talk about your understanding of Confucius’ ideas on education and value
the importance of protecting the historic sites;
4. Distinguish the linking sounds, grasp the rule and pronounce accurately.
Lead-in
How many historic sites do you know
What can you say about these places
It is the most famous and largest temple honoring Confucius. Dacheng Hall stands at the center and is the principal place offering sacrifices to Confucius.
This is where Confucius and his descendants are buried. There are more than 10,000 of them, buried here over 2,000 years.
Located to the east of the Temple of Confucius, this is the historical home of the descendants of Confucius. Today this is a museum.
someone who is related to a person who lived a long time ago, or to a family, group of people etc that existed in the past.
Temple of Confucius
Kong Family Mansion
Cemetery of Confucius
三孔
山东曲阜的孔府、孔庙、孔林，统称曲阜“三孔”，是中国历代纪念孔子，推崇儒学的表征，以丰厚的文化积淀、悠久历史、宏大规模、丰富文物珍藏，以及科学艺术价值而著称。
1994年孔庙、孔林、孔府被联合国列入《世界遗产录》。
孔庙(Temple of Confucius)，是孔子死后的第二年，即公元前478年，由鲁哀公孔子生前的故宅基础上改建而成的，后经历代王朝，特别是唐宋，以后不断扩建和整修，规模越来越大，现已成为占地六百多亩的古代杰出建筑。
孔府(Kong Family Mansion)，即“衍圣公府”，在是孔子嫡系长子长孙居住的府地，规模宏大，占地240亩。
孔林(Cemetery of Confucius)，亦称“至圣林”，是孔子及其家族的专用墓地，也是世界上延续时间最长的家族墓地。
Listen to a conversation between a British tourist and a Chinese student in Qufu, and then write down what they say about Confucius.
Name Fact/ Opinion about Confucius
William Confucius is one of his ____________________;
He is a ___________;
He lived __________ years ago.
Xiao Kong Confucius has over ____________descendants;
He was a great ________ and had many ______ about __________
He was one of the greatest _______ in history.
favourite philosophers
wise man
over 2500
3 million
educator
education
ideas
minds
Tip: Pay attention to a person’s identities and achievements,
take shorthand while listening.
Listen again and decide whether these statements are true (T), false (F), or not mentioned (NM).
Confucius said that learning without understanding leads to confusion.
Xiao Kong is doing a research project on Confucius philosophy.
As one of Confucius’ descendants, Xiao Kong’s name is recorded in the family tree.
Dacheng Hall is the tallest building in Qufu.
T F NM
T F NM
T F NM
T F NM
reflecting
Confucius’ ideas on education





Stratford-upon-Avon 埃文河畔斯特拉特福, 英国英格兰沃里克郡的一个集镇,著名剧作家威廉·莎士比亚 William Shakespeare 的故乡
Why do you think William said his hometown was similar to Qufu
A. There are famous halls in his hometown.
B. There are no tall buildings in his hometown.
C. Both places have a famous person who was born there.
D. His hometown doesn’t allow other buildings to be more
noticeable than the historic buildings.
W: Excuse me, do you speak English I'm looking for the Confucius Temple, but I'm not good at maps—they're my Achilles' heel!
X: Oh, hello, e with me—I'm going to the temple right now. By the way, what does “Achilles' heel” mean
W: Oh, it means that something is _____________ —I'm really bad with maps! So do you know much about Confucius He's one of my favourite philosophers. He was such a wise man.
X: Oh, yes. I was born here. In fact, I believe I am a descendant of Confucius himself.
my weakness
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
Achilles’ heel
something that is someone’s weakness
弱点，要害
W: No way, you're pulling my leg, right So how do you know you're related to Confucius Didn't he live over 2,500 years ago
X: Yes, but his family tree is well recorded. He has over three million descendants. Sorry again, what does “pulling my leg” mean
W: Oh, sorry, it means to __________________ . Anyway, so you're actually going to the temple to pay respects to your relative
X: Well, yes. But I’m also meeting my study group there. We are doing a research project on Confucius’ ideas on education. You know, Confucius was a great educator, and he had many great ideas about education. For example, he talked about the relationship between learning and reflecting. He believed that learning without reflecting leads to confusion… oh, look, the temple is just over there.
joke with someone
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
pull one’s leg
joke with someone
戏弄
W: Oh, great! What’s that big building over there
X: Oh, that’s the famous Dacheng Hall. You know, it’s so well-respected in Qufu that no other building in the city can be taller than it.
W: Oh, that’s respect. That’s a little bit like my hometown– Stratford-upon-Avon.
X: Wait, you mean where Shakespeare was from What a coincidence– Confucius and Shakespeare, two of the greatest minds in history! I really want to visit the UK– I’m really interested in British history and culture.
W: Oh, that's great! So later we can go for a cup of tea and have a chat about it. And it would be great if you could take me somewhere to get my watch fixed.
X: OK, no problem！So come and meet my study group—we can tell you all about the temple. And how long are you staying in Qufu I can show you the Cemetery of Confucius and the Kong Family Mansion as well.
W: Really That's so kind! I need all the help I can get—I'm like ________________．
a fish out of water
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
fish out of water
someone who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar place
如芒在背
Write down the English idioms that are used in the conversation. Explain their meanings and think about some Chinese equivalents.
English idiom Meaning Chinese equivalent
Archilles’ heel
Pull one’s leg
Fish out of water
someone’s weakness
to joke with someone
软肋；弱点
戏弄
someone who feels uncomfortable
in an unfamiliar place
如芒在背
An idiom is an expression which means something different from the meaning of the individual words. Some idioms present an idea or paint a picture that gives a hint as to the meaning. Other idioms can only be understood from the context in which they appear.
What do you know about Confucius’ ideas on education
Confucius is a leading figure in the field of education which was one of Confucius’ core values. He believed learning about the past would help us know the future. He emphasized that education helped build our confidence which would help bring peace and prosperity. He also thought it was important to use and apply what we have learned in our education.
Discussion
Confucius’ ideas
Learning without reflecting leads to confusion.
Review the old and learn the new.
To learn and at due time to repeat what one has learnt, isn't that after all a pleasure
温故而知新
学而不思则罔
学而时习之，不亦乐乎？
Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
己所不欲，勿施于人
Make no social distinction in teaching.
有教无类
When seeing a person with high caliber, strive to be this equal.
见贤思齐
What else do you know about Confucius and his philosophy
Confucius is widely regarded as a great thinker, educator, and philosopher. His principles had a great influence on Chinese traditions and beliefs. He believed strongly in strong family loyalty and respect for others. He believed in the so-called “golden rule” of philosophy: Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you.
Introducing Identity:
He/She is widely regarded as / considered (to be) a/an...
He/She was a leading figure in the field of...
He/She was a famous/influential... who...
Introducing Ideas and Beliefs:
He/She is best known for his/her idea that...
He/She believed (that)...
His/Her philosophy/idea emphasizes the importance of...
His/Her ideas have had a profound/deep influence on...
More idioms
There's no such thing as a free lunch.
cost an arm and a leg
break the ice
raining cats and dogs
Don't cry over spilt milk.
break a leg
apple of one’s eye
when in Rome, do as the Romans do.
hit the nail on the head
a piece of cake
倾盆大雨
入乡随俗
祝好运
小菜一碟
天下没有免费的午餐
价格昂贵
打破僵局
掌上明珠
一语中的；说中要害
不要做无益的后悔
Think about a historic site that you have visited ,and give an introduction to its history and importance.
The Great Wall of China (Badaling Section)
History: Built during the Ming Dynasty (around 1505) to protect China from invaders. It's one of the most famous sections near Beijing.
Importance: It was a military defense system and is now a symbol of Chinese culture and history. It's a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the wonders of the world.
My feeling: Walking on it was amazing—the view was beautiful, and I felt how old and powerful the history is.
Read the poem and mark the linking sounds after the model.
If you can make one heap of all your winnings
And risk it on one turn of pitch-and-toss,
And lose, and start again at your beginnings
And never breathe a word about your loss;
If you can force your heart and nerve and sinew
To serve your turn long after they are gone,
And so hold on when there is nothing in you
Except the Will which says to them: ‘Hold on!’
一般来说,相邻的两个单词属于同一意群时,前一词末尾的某些音素和后一词词首的某些音素，可能连起来读。
辅音十元音:前一词以辅音结尾,后一词以元音开头时。
e.g. Look at the photos.
Add examples gf powerful prepositions in English.
连读
2.r/re十元音:前一词以-r或-re结尾,后一词以元音开头,此时r或re发/r/音,与后面的元音连读。
e.g. There are many kinds.
3.元音十元音:前一词以/1/或/i:/结尾,后一词以元音开头时,添加/j/后连读;前一词以/u/或/u:/结尾,后一词以元音开头时,添加/w/后连读。
Go out of the room
I agree

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