【弯道超车】Unit 8 Safe and sound 核心考点(单词+短语+句型+语法)2026-2027学年译林版(新教材)八年级英语上册核心考点精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 8 Safe and sound 核心考点(单词+短语+句型+语法)2026-2027学年译林版(新教材)八年级英语上册核心考点精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年译林版八年级英语上册核心考点精讲精练
(新教材)Unit 8 Safe and sound
核心词汇
1. 自然灾害与安全类词汇
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
emergency /i m d nsi/ n. 紧急情况 Call 120 in an emergency.(紧急情况下拨打120。)
natural disaster / n t r l d zɑ st (r)/ n. 自然灾害 earthquake, flood, typhoon, fire等
earthquake / θkwe k/ n. 地震 复合词:earth + quake
typhoon /ta fu n/ n. 台风
flood /fl d/ n./v. 洪水;淹没
thunder / θ nd (r)/ n./v. 雷声;打雷 thunderstorm(雷暴)
lightning / la tn / n. 闪电
situation / s t u e n/ n. 情况;处境 in a dangerous situation(在危险情况下)
state /ste t/ n. 状态;州 in a terrible state(处于糟糕状态)
homeless / h ml s/ adj. 无家可归的 make thousands homeless(使成千上万人无家可归)
2. 安全行动与急救词汇
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
calm /kɑ m/ v./adj. (使)平静;镇静的 Calm down!(冷静下来!)
injured / nd d/ adj. 受伤的 动词形式 injure;名词形式 injury
protect /pr tekt/ v. 保护 protect...from...(保护……免受……)
avoid / v d/ v. 避免 avoid doing sth.(避免做某事)
prevent /pr vent/ v. 防止 prevent sb. from doing(阻止某人做某事)
cover / k v (r)/ v. 盖;覆盖 cover...with...(用……覆盖……)
clear /kl (r)/ v./adj. 清理;清晰的 clear the snow(清扫积雪)
bleed /bli d/ v. 流血 过去式/过去分词 bled
press /pres/ v. 按;压 press the wound(按压伤口)
3. 形容词与副词
词汇 音标 词性 释义 词形转换
safe /se f/ adj. 安全的 safety (n.), safely (adv.)
sound /sa nd/ adj. 健康的;无损伤的 safe and sound(安然无恙)
priceless / pra sl s/ adj. 无价的;极珍贵的 price (n.) + -less
terrible / ter bl/ adj. 可怕的 terribly (adv.)
slight /sla t/ adj. 轻微的 a slight shake(轻微的晃动)
nervous / n v s/ adj. 焦虑的;胆怯的
silent / sa l nt/ adj. 无声的;沉默的 silence (n.)
weak /wi k/ adj. 虚弱的 weakness (n.)
heavily / hev li/ adv. 大量地;严重地 rain/snow heavily(下大雨/大雪)
4. 词形转换(高频考点)
原词 词性 转换词 词性 释义
safe adj. 安全的 safety / safely n./adv. 安全 / 安全地
price n. 价格 priceless adj. 无价的 后缀 -less
home n. 家 homeless adj. 无家可归的 后缀 -less
power n. 力量 powerful adj. 有力的 后缀 -ful
sudden adj. 突然的 suddenly adv. 突然地 后缀 -ly
die v. 死亡 death / dead / dying n./adj./adj. 死亡 / 死的 / 垂死的
injure v. 受伤 injured / injury adj./n. 受伤的 / 伤害
report v.报道 reporter n. 记者 后缀 -er
核心短语
分类 短语 释义 例句/说明
安全状态 safe and sound 安然无恙 单元标题,核心短语
keep safe 保持安全
safety comes first 安全第一 Life is priceless; safety comes first.(生命无价,安全第一)
灾害描述 natural disaster 自然灾害
power cut 停电 leaves thousands without heating(使数千人无暖气)
wash away 冲走 Flood washes away factory.(洪水冲走工厂)
burn down 烧毁
come off 脱离;离开 coach comes off road(长途汽车冲出道路)
应对措施 calm down (使)平静下来
deal with 处理;应对 常与 how 连用
do with 处理(与what连用)
put out 扑灭 put out fire(扑灭火)
protect...from... 保护……免受…… protect yourself from smoke(保护自己免受烟雾侵害)
行为状态 in fear 恐惧地;害怕地
in all directions 四处;到处
say to oneself 暗想;自言自语
right away 立即;马上
so far 迄今为止(常与现在完成时连用)
at first 起初
数量/范围 millions of 数百万的
including 包括……在内(介词)
核心句型
1. 描述紧急事件的关键句型
句型 示例 说明
An emergency is + 定义 An emergency is a sudden, serious and dangerous event or situation.(紧急情况是突然的、严重的、危险的事件或情况。) 下定义表达
so...that... The fog was so thick that drivers couldn't see more than a metre in front of them.(雾太浓了,司机能见度不超过一米。) 结果状语从句
It is + adj. + to do It is helpful to place emergency signs around the cars to avoid another accident.(在汽车周围放置紧急标志有助于避免另一起事故。) 不定式作主语
make + 宾语 + 形容词 Earthquake makes thousands of people homeless.(地震使成千上万的人无家可归。) 宾语补足语结构
one of the + 最高级 + 复数名词 It was one of the largest traffic accidents in the town's history!(这是该镇历史上最大的交通事故之一!) 最高级句型
2. 课文经典句型(Reading — 地震逃生故事)
句型 示例 说明
At first... At first, I felt a slight shake.(起初,我感觉到轻微的晃动。) 叙述时间顺序
I felt + adj. + and my heart was + doing I felt nervous and my heart was beating fast.(我感到紧张,心跳加速。) 表达紧张情绪
3. 时间状语从句核心句型(过去进行时)
句型 结构 示例
主进行 + when + 从过去 长动作(进行时)被短动作打断 I was working when the earthquake started.(地震发生时我正在工作。)
主进行 + while + 从进行 两个长动作同时进行 People were running in all directions while pieces of glass and bricks were raining down.(当玻璃和砖块像雨点般落下时,人们四处奔跑。)
as + 进行时 强调动作同时发生 As I was trying to find my way out, I heard some noise.(当我试图找到出路时,听到了一些声音。)
语法聚焦
本单元的核心语法是过去进行时,用于描述过去某个特定时刻正在进行的动作。
1. 基本结构
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 现在分词 I was watching TV at that time.
否定句 主语 + was/were not + 现在分词 They were not playing basketball at 4 yesterday.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 现在分词? Were you sleeping at 8 last night
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 现在分词? What were you doing from 8 to 9 yesterday
be动词选择规则:主语为I/he/she/it/单数名词用 was;主语为you/we/they/复数名词用 were。
2. 常见时间状语
at that time(在那时)
at 8 last night(昨晚8点)
this time yesterday(昨天的这个时候)
from...to...(从……到……)
when/while 引导的时间状语从句
3. when / while / as 的用法区别(高频考点)
引导词 用法 例句
when 从句动作可长可短;短动作用when(一般过去时) When the telephone rang, I was doing my homework.
while 从句动作持续;两个长动作同时用while(过去进行时) While I was watching TV, my mother was sleeping.
as 强调动作同时发生,可与when/while互换 As I was walking, I saw an accident.
核心区分技巧:
主短从长:两者都可用(I met him when/while I was walking.)
主长从短:只能用 when(We were talking when the teacher came in.)
双长:用 while(I was reading while he was listening.)
4. 过去进行时 vs 一般过去时(易错点)
对比项 过去进行时 一般过去时
核心含义 强调过去某时刻正在做(未完成) 强调过去已完成的动作
例句 I was cooking when you called. I cooked a meal yesterday.(已做好)
标志词 at 8 last night, at that time yesterday, last week, ...ago
1.The little girl hid behind the tree ________ when she saw the big dog running towards her.
A.in fear B.without fear C.for fear D.by fear
2.________ you are free this weekend, try your best ________ this report.
A.Since; finish B.If; finish C.While; to finish D.Since; to finish
3.—I called you this morning, but nobody answered the phone.
—Sorry, I ________ the flowers in the garden then.
A.water B.watered C.was watering D.am watering
4.________ you love life, don’t waste time and enjoy every minute.
A.If B.Until C.While D.Because
5.While he ________ his homework, his mother was cooking.
A.does B.did C.is doing D.was doing
6.We learn many subjects at school, ________ Chinese, math and English.
A.such as B.as C.for example D.so
7.The firemen worked hard to ________ the forest fire last night.
A.put on B.put out C.put off D.put up
8.Which of the following words is a compound word (合成词)
A.sunny. B.postcard. C.happiness. D.wonderful.
9.My brother had to ________ a lot of difficulties before he succeeded in his business.
A.go over B.go through C.go for D.go on
10.The film was so ________ that we were ________ about it.
A.exciting; excited B.excited; exciting C.excited; excited D.exciting; exciting
11.While Tom ________ TV in the living room, he ________ a loud noise from the next room.
A.was watching; was hearing B.watched; was hearing
C.watched; heard D.was watching; heard
12.I want to know if it ________ tomorrow. If it ________, we will have a picnic.
A.rains; will rain B.is rainy; doesn’t rain
C.will rain; will be rainy D.will be rainy; doesn’t rain
13.—A car accident happened near our school just now.
—________! Is anyone hurt
A.What a pity B.Good luck C.That’s terrible D.Never mind
14.——Did you hear the cries from the boy
——Yes, when I arrived there, I found the boy looking at the snake ________ fear.
A.in B.at C.from D.with
15.________ you haven’t met your new workmates before, I’ll introduce you to them at the party.
A.While B.So C.But D.Since
16.—Why do these people live in the tents
—Because their houses ________ in the terrible storm last night.
A.came out B.came in C.camp up D.came down
17.—These teachers are brave and selfless.
— Sure. They knew ________ to do when danger is coming.
A.how B.what C.when D.where
18.— Oh, no! We’ve come to a wrong place.
— Sorry, I have no sense of ________ especially (尤其) in a new place.
A.instruction B.action C.information D.direction
19.Nobody knows what’s going ________ his mind. He is standing there with a strange expression (表情).
A.across B.through C.cross D.around
20.— Do you know if it ________ tomorrow
—I am not sure. It may snow if the temperature ________ below zero.
A.snows; will drop B.will snow; will drop
C.will snow; drops D.snows; drop
21.Teachers said that they were having a meeting ________ they felt the earthquake.
A.till B.after C.when D.while
22.Mum, I want to know ________ I can go out with friends if it ________ rain tomorrow.
A.if; won’t B.when; won’t C.if; doesn’t D.when; doesn’t
23.________ there was no time to wake up all the kids, the teachers held some of them in their quilts (被子) and carried them to safety.
A.Since B.If C.While D.So
24.—That’s terrible! I saw ________ accident just now.
—Really Where did ________ accident happen
A.an; / B.an; the C.a; the D.a; /
25.— I wonder _______ we can take smartphones with us during the field trip.
— Sure. The apps on the smartphone can help us learn more about plants.
A.why B.how C.that D.if
26.—You look sleepy. What happened
—The rain beat my window _______ so I couldn’t sleep well last night.
A.greatly B.firmly C.slowly D.heavily
27.—How was your hiking last weekend
—_______ And it was a pity that I couldn’t stay there longer.
A.Nothing could be worse. B.It was just wonderful.
C.A terrible experience. D.What a hard time I had!
28.The boy was so _______ that he suddenly couldn’t remember a single word in his speech.
A.nervous B.unlucky C.thoughtful D.careless
29.—Have you heard of the big bush fire
—Yes. The brave firemen went there in time and _______ the fire after people called 119.
A.put away B.put out C.put in D.put up
30.The Palace Museum is open _______ Monday. You’d better make another plan for that day.
A.besides B.without C.beyond D.except
31.— What’s the app for
— Providing guidance when driving. I have a terrible sense of _______.
A.humour B.taste C.direction D.space
32._______ you know English is important, you should try to work harder.
A.Since B.While C.Because D.But
33.Staying low to the ground can ________ you safe from the thick smoke in a fire.
A.protect B.keep C.put D.provide
34.—I don’t think this is the right way to the library. It is the wrong ________.
—Let’s stop and make sure of it.
A.experience B.direction C.condition D.situation
35.When I ________ home just now, my sister with my parents ________ happily.
A.got; talked B.was getting; was talking
C.got; was talking D.was getting; talked
36.While Jack and I ________ a movie at home, the lights went out all of a sudden.
A.watched B.were watching C.are watching D.watch
37.After thinking long, a good idea ________ me and helped me work out the problem.
A.beat B.shook C.hit D.broke
38.________ accident during the experiment made the whole project come to a halt.
A.A B.An C.The D./
39.— Mum, the Maths problem is too difficult for me.
—________ you can’t work it out by yourself, why not ask your teacher for help
A.While B.When C.Before D.Since
40.—How is your life after returning —________. I’ve set up my own company.
A.I’m not sure B.So far, so good C.It’s hard to say D.You said it
41.Look! The building is________. Call 119, please.
A.catching fire B.caught fire C.on fire D.fire
42.Which of the following words is formed like “toothache”
A.useless B.uncertain C.lovely D.weekday
43.He ________ his eyes ________ the sun with his hand.
A.borrowed; from B.protected; from C.filled; with D.covered; with
44.The building was ________ after the earthquake.
A.bad damage B.bad damaged C.badly damage D.badly damaged
45.—What was your brother doing at this time yesterday
—He was reading a magazine ________ I was writing an e-mail at home.
A.when B.as C.until D.while
46.________ the boy grows older, he becomes more and more interested in science.
A.When B.While C.As D.After
47.—Sometimes it is necessary to keep ________ in our daily lives.
—Yes. Lots of troubles are caused by speaking too much.
A.peace B.slight C.silent D.calm
48.The people at the square were all ________ at the ________ news.
A.exciting;exciting B.excited;excite C.excited;exciting D.exciting;excited
49.On a plane, you can see the beautiful sights ________ you.
A.above B.below C.over D.under
50.—Did you hear the shouts ________ the girl
—Yes. When I arrived there, I found the girl looking at a snake ________ fear.
A.from; in B.at; in C.from; with D.at; with
51.Yesterday when I was thinking about how to work out that physics problem, suddenly a good idea went ________ my mind.
A.over B.past C.across D.through
52.Earthquakes always happen ________, so it is difficult to know when they come.
A.unluckily B.slowly C.suddenly D.finally
53.—There was a mountain fire in Yuxi in 2023.
— ________ . We must be careful with fire.
A.I hope not B.That’s terrible C.Never mind D.Who knows
54.Don’t look at your phone, Jimmy. The car nearly ________ you.
A.hit B.throw C.trap D.wash
55.—The car ________ the road and hit a tree.
—Oh, my god. ________ anybody hurt
A.get off; Did B.come off; Did C.get off; Was D.came off; Was
56.The music was ________ loud ________ I had to cover my ears.
A.such;that B.so;that C.too;to D.enough;to
57.I like eating fruits, ________ apples, bananas and oranges.
A.for example B.so on C.such as D.look like
58.When facing an unexpected problem, it’s important to stay calm and carefully manage the ________ around you before taking any action.
A.condition B.position C.situation D.location
59.She worked hard, so she passed the exam ________ any difficulty.
A.with having B.without have C.with have D.without having
60.Natural disasters are ________ for humans, but the government always faces and solves bravely.
A.harm B.difficult C.terrible D.special
61.I was walking in the park with my friend ________ the storm started.
A.when B.while C.before D.if
62.My father was reading newspapers ________ my mother was washing dishes.
A.so B.while C.or D.but
63.At last, the poor boy was ________ . But people didn’t know the reason for his________.
A.died; death B.dead; death C.die; die D.death; dead
64.After a serious earthquake, more than 200 people were ________.
A.died B.dead C.dying D.death
65.I often see my brother ________ soccer with his friends on weekends.
A.play B.to play C.plays D.playing
66.Which of the following words is a compound word like “wartime”
A.impatient B.German C.schoolwork D.carelessness
67.Although she was good at dancing, she still had a little ________ before the competition, worrying that she might make mistakes.
A.fear B.doubt C.agreement D.failure
68.On snowy days, you should drive the car as ________ as possible.
A.carelessly B.carefully C.more carelessly D.more carefully
69.________ Amy met Peter this afternoon, she with her mum ________ the bus station.
A.When;was waiting for B.When;was waiting at
C.While;was waiting at D.While;was waiting for
70.I must have lunch as soon as I finish the work, or my stomach will ________ .
A.ache B.hurt C.treat D.burn
71.Washing hands is a good way to ________ ourselves ________ the disease.
A.prevent; away from B.prevent; from
C.protect; away from D.protect; from
72.Which of the following words is NOT a compound word
A.everything B.weekend C.meaningful D.blackboard
73.________, we have learned about 1,500 English words and 300 phrases.
A.Later on B.So far C.Until then D.From now
74.I ________ TV when my mother came back.
A.watch B.watched C.am watching D.was watching
75.__________ Millie was watching TV, lightning hit a nearby building.
A.When B.While C.As D.All of the above
76.The possession (拥有) of a ________ is important for foreign travel.
A.postcard B.programme C.product D.passport
77.Natural disasters can ________ homes and communities, leaving people scared and helpless.
A.destroy B.disappear C.divide D.decorate
78.He was reading the newspaper __________ I was cooking dinner.
A.when B.while C.as D.because
79.Many people were ________ in their cars during the heavy snowstorm last night.
A.filled B.covered C.trapped D.balanced
80.People were sleeping ________ the earthquake happened, so many of them lost their lives.
A.when B.while C.because D.so
81.The earthquake ________ at 3 a.m. Many people were still sleeping at that time.
A.gave out B.took out C.put out D.broke out
82.When the earthquake happened, people ran ________ in the area.
A.in all direction B.in all directions C.to all direction D.to all directions
83.—What ________ you ________ at 9 o’clock last Saturday evening
—I was watching a documentary about earthquakes.
A.do;do B.did;do C.were;doing D.are;doing
84.The little girl was so ________ that she couldn’t say a word when she saw the snake.
A.fear B.scared C.nervous D.dangerous
85.You must ________ when you face an emergency. Fear won’t help.
A.calm down B.cheer up C.give up D.show off
86.—Oh, no! We’ve come to a wrong place.
—Sorry, I have no sense of ________ , especially in a new place.
A.instruction B.introduction C.competition D.direction
87.The old man has lived in this small town ________ his whole life and never moved to any other place.
A.across B.past C.over D.by
88.—Where were you playing football ________
—On the football field.
A.tomorrow B.next Monday C.right now D.at 4 yesterday afternoon
89.—I’m sorry I kept you waiting.
— ________ . I was reading a magazine while waiting.
A.All right B.That’s OK C.Not at all D.No problem
90.Grandpa Wang wanted to find the kind taxi driver ________ .
A.as quick as possible B.as quickly as he could
C.as soon as possibly D.as soon as he can
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:当这个小女孩看到大狗朝她跑过来时,她害怕地躲到了树后面。
in fear害怕地;without fear没有恐惧;for fear生怕、以免;by fear被恐惧。根据语境描述小女孩看到大狗后的本能躲藏状态,此处用固定搭配in fear作状语修饰动作,表达“害怕地”的含义,最贴合句子逻辑,应填in fear。
2.D
【解析】句意:既然你这周末有空,就尽力去完成这份报告。
since自从;if如果;while当……时;finish完成。根据固定搭配“try one’s best to do sth.”意为“尽力做某事”,可知第二空应填动词不定式“to finish”,第一空根据语境表示“既然”有空,引导原因状语从句,应用“Since”。
3.C
【解析】句意:——我今天早上给你打电话了,但没人接。——对不起,我当时正在花园里浇花。
根据“this morning”和“called”可知语境为过去,结合“then”强调打电话那一刻正在进行的动作,需用过去进行时。应填was watering。
4.A
【解析】句意:如果你热爱生活,就不要浪费时间,享受每一分钟。
If如果(引导条件状语从句);Until直到(引导时间状语从句);While当……时(引导时间/让步状语从句,或并列分句);Because因为(引导原因状语从句)。根据题干“you love life”与“don’t waste time”可知,前者是后者的条件,应用If引导条件状语从句,应填If。
5.D
【解析】句意:当他正在做作业的时候,他的妈妈正在做饭。
根据“his mother was cooking”可知,描述的是过去某个时间点正在发生的动作,应使用过去进行时,表示“当时正在做作业”,故填was doing。
6.A
【解析】句意:我们在学校学习很多科目,例如语文、数学和英语。
such as比如;as作为;for example例如;so因此。根据句意可知,此处需要对“many subjects”进行举例说明,such as用于列举同类事物中的几个例子,后直接接名词,for example一般只举一例,且常用逗号隔开,所以,此处such as符合题意。
7.B
【解析】句意:消防员昨晚努力扑灭了森林大火。
put on穿上;put out扑灭;put off推迟;put up张贴。根据题干中的“firemen”和“forest fire”可知,语境是消防员扑灭森林大火,应填put out。
8.B
【解析】句意:下列哪个单词是合成词?
sunny晴朗的,由“sun+y”构成,属于派生词;postcard明信片,由“post+card”构成,属于合成词;happiness幸福,由“happy+ness”构成,属于派生词;wonderful精彩的,由“wonder+ful”构成,属于派生词。所以只有postcard是合成词。
9.B
【解析】句意:我哥哥在生意成功之前不得不经历许多困难。
go over浏览;go through 经历,遭受(苦难、变故、情绪等);go for去参加 / 去进行(活动、运动、休闲);go on继续。根据句中“difficulties”及“before he succeeded”可知,此处指成功前需要“经历”磨难。go through与difficulties搭配恰当,符合语境逻辑。
10.A
【解析】句意:这部电影太令人兴奋了,以至于我们都很兴奋。
exciting 令人兴奋的,常修饰物;excited感到兴奋的,常修饰人。第一空主语The film是物,用exciting;第二空主语we是人,用excited。故选A。
11.D
【解析】句意:汤姆正在客厅看电视的时候,他听到隔壁房间传来一声巨响。
watch观看;hear听见。while引导时间状语从句时,从句常用过去进行时,表示过去正在发生的延续性动作;hear是短暂性动词,不能用于进行时,主句用一般过去时,故第一空填was watching,第二空填heard,故选D。
12.D
【解析】句意:我想知道明天是否会是雨天。如果明天不下雨,我们将去野餐。
第一空if引导宾语从句,意为“是否”,根据时间状语tomorrow可知应用一般将来时will be rainy;第二空if引导条件状语从句,意为“如果”,遵循“主将从现”原则,主句是一般将来时,从句应用一般现在时,且根据语境“去野餐”可知需表示否定“不下雨”,主语it是第三人称单数,否定形式用doesn’t rain。
13.C
【解析】句意:——刚才我们学校附近发生了一起车祸。——太糟糕了!有人受伤吗?
What a pity真是遗憾;Good luck祝你好运;That’s terrible太糟糕了;Never mind没关系。根据上文提到发生车祸,可知是坏消息,C项常用于表达对不幸消息的震惊。结合下文询问是否有人受伤,C项最符合语境。
14.A
【解析】句意:——你听到那个男孩的哭声了吗 ——是的,当我到达那里时,我发现那个男孩正恐惧地看着那条蛇。
in在……里;at在;from来自;with和。根据“looking at the snake ________ fear”可知,此处表示男孩看蛇时的状态,“in fear”为固定搭配,意为“恐惧地”,应填in。
15.D
【解析】句意:既然你以前从未见过你的新同事,我会在聚会上把你介绍给他们。
While当……时候;So所以;But但是;Since既然;因为。根据语境,前后句存在因果关系,前半句是原因,Since引导原因状语从句,意为“既然”。
16.D
【解析】句意:——为什么这些人住在帐篷里?——因为他们的房子在昨晚那场可怕的暴风雨中倒塌了。
came out出来;came in进来;camp up出现/发生;came down倒塌。根据“Why do these people live in the tents ”和“in the terrible storm”可知,房子在暴风雨中倒塌了,人们才住进帐篷。came down符合语境。
17.B
【解析】句意:——这些老师勇敢且无私。——当然。当危险来临时,他们知道要做什么。
how如何;what什么;when何时;where哪里。根据“They knew...to do”结构可知,do是及物动词,后面需要接宾语,what可以作do的宾语,what to do意为“做什么”。
18.D
【解析】句意:——哦,不!我们走错地方了。——对不起,我没有方向感,尤其是在一个新地方。
instruction指示;action行动;information信息;direction方向。根据“We’ve come to a wrong place.”可知走错了地方,推断出是没有“方向”感。
19.B
【解析】句意:没人知道什么正穿过他的脑海。他站在那儿,表情很奇怪。
across穿过(表面);through穿过(内部);cross穿过(动词);around围绕。固定短语go through one’s mind意为“掠过脑海”,指想法在思维空间内部穿过,故用through。
20.C
【解析】句意:——你知道明天是否下雪吗?——我不确定。如果气温降到零度以下,可能会下雪。
第一句中if意为“是否”,引导宾语从句,根据时间状语tomorrow可知用一般将来时will snow;第二句中if意为“如果”,引导条件状语从句,遵循“主将从现”原则,主语temperature为第三人称单数,谓语动词用drops。
21.C
【解析】句意:老师们说当他们感觉到地震时,他们正在开会。
till直到;after在……之后;when当……时候;while当……时候。when既可以接短暂性动词,也可以接延续性动词;while只能接延续性动词,且从句通常用进行时态。 本句从句的动词felt(感觉)是短暂性动词,且是一般过去时,只能用when。
22.C
【解析】句意:妈妈,我想知道如果明天不下雨,我是否可以和朋友出去?
第一空引导宾语从句,根据句意表示“是否”,应该用if;第二空位于if引导的条件状语从句中,遵循“主将从现”原则,从句用一般现在时,主语it是第三人称单数,否定形式用doesn’t。应填if;doesn’t。
23.A
【解析】句意:因为没时间叫醒所有孩子,老师们裹着一些孩子,把他们转移到安全地带。
Since因为,引导原因状语从句;If如果,表条件;While当……时;So所以,后接结果。 前半句是后半句动作发生的原因,since用来引出原因,符合逻辑。
24.B
【解析】句意:——太可怕了!我刚才看到一起事故。——真的吗?那起事故发生在哪里?
a用于辅音音素开头的单词前;an用于元音音素开头的单词前;the表示特指。第一空泛指“一起事故”,且accident以元音音素开头,用an;第二空特指上文提到的事故,用the。
25.D
【解析】句意:—— 我想知道我们野外考察期间是否可以带智能手机。—— 当然。智能手机上的应用程序可以帮助我们了解更多关于植物的知识。
why为什么;how怎样;that无实义;if是否。根据问句“I wonder”以及答语“Sure”可知,上句是在询问许可或可能性,表示一般疑问句的含义,应用if引导宾语从句。
26.D
【解析】句意:——你看起来很困。发生什么事了?——雨昨晚猛烈地敲打我的窗户,所以我没睡好。
greatly极大地;firmly坚定地;slowly慢慢地;heavily猛烈地。根据“so I couldn’t sleep well last night.”可知,雨敲打窗户导致无法入睡,说明雨势大或敲打猛烈,应用heavily修饰。
27.B
【解析】句意:——你上周的徒步旅行怎么样?——非常棒。遗憾的是我不能在那里待更久。
Nothing could be worse没有什么会更糟了;It was just wonderful简直太棒了;A terrible experience一次糟糕透顶的经历;What a hard time I had我那段日子过得太艰难了。根据答语后句“And it was a pity that I couldn’t stay there longer.”可知,说话人希望待得更久,说明对这次徒步旅行很满意。It was just wonderful表示正面评价,符合语境。
28.A
【解析】句意:这个男孩太紧张了,以至于在演讲中突然一个字也想不起来了。
nervous紧张的;unlucky不幸的;thoughtful体贴的/深思的;careless粗心的。根据“suddenly couldn’t remember a single word”可知,由于紧张导致大脑空白,应填nervous。
29.B
【解析】句意:——你听说过那场大灌木丛火灾吗?——是的。勇敢的消防员及时赶到那里,在人们拨打 119 后扑灭了大火。
put away收好;put out扑灭;put in放入;put up张贴。根据“The brave firemen”和“the fire”可知,消防员及时赶到是为了“扑灭”大火。
30.D
【解析】句意:故宫博物院除了周一外都开放。你最好那天另做计划。
besides除……之外(还有);without没有;beyond超过;except除……之外(不再有)。根据“You’d better make another plan for that day.”可知周一不能去参观,表示从整体中除去周一,应用except。
31.C
【解析】句意:—— 这个应用是用来做什么的?—— 开车时提供导航指引。我的方向感很差。
humour幽默;taste品味/味觉;direction方向;space空间。根据“Providing guidance when driving”(开车时提供导航指引)可知,应用与“方向”相关,sense of direction意为“方向感”。
32.A
【解析】句意:既然你知道英语很重要,你就应该更加努力。
Since既然/因为;While当……时/然而;Because因为;But但是。根据“you know English is important”及“you should try to work harder”可知,前后句为因果关系,且前句为已知事实,since意为“既然”,符合语境。故选A。
33.B
【解析】句意:在火灾中,贴近地面停留可以使你保持安全,免受浓烟伤害。
protect保护;keep保持;put放;provide提供。根据“keep sb.+adj.”结构可知,此处表示“使你保持安全”,keep you safe符合语法和语境。
34.B
【解析】句意:——我认为这不是去图书馆的正确的路。这是错误的方向。——让我们停下来确认一下。
experience经验,经历;direction方向;condition条件,状况;situation情况,形势。根据“I don’t think this is the right way to the library.”可知,说话人认为路不对,即“方向”错了。
35.C
【解析】句意:刚才当我到家时,我姐姐正和父母愉快地交谈。
根据“just now”可知句子发生在过去。前半句为“When”引导的时间状语从句,表示过去某个具体的时间点,动词用一般过去式got;后半句的主句表示当时正在进行的动作,用过去进行时,结构为was/were doing,主语“my sister with my parents”中,“with”连接伴随成分,谓语动词与“my sister”保持一致,为单数,be动词用was。
36.B
【解析】句意:当我和杰克正在家里看电影时,灯突然熄灭了。
watched观看,过去式;were watching正在观看,过去进行时;are watching正在观看,现在进行时;watch观看,动词原形。根据主句“the lights went out”是一般过去时,而While引导的时间状语从句表示主句动作发生时正在进行的动作,所以从句要用过去进行时。主语“Jack and I”是复数,be动词用were。故选B。
37.C
【解析】句意:经过长时间的思考,一个好主意突然浮现到我脑海中,并帮我解决了这个问题。
beat击败;shook摇动;hit击中,(想法)突然出现;broke打破。根据“After thinking long”和“helped me work out the problem”可知,此处表示经过思考后想到了办法,idea hit sb.表示“某人突然想到主意”。
38.B
【解析】句意:实验期间的一起事故使得整个项目停滞了。
A一个(用于辅音音素开头的单词前);An一个(用于元音音素开头的单词前);The这/那(表示特指);/零冠词。accident是可数名词单数,此处泛指“一起事故”,应用不定冠词;且accident发音以元音音素开头,应填An。
39.D
【解析】句意:——妈妈,这道数学题对我来说太难了。——既然你自己解不出来,为什么不向老师求助呢?
While当……时候/然而;When当……时候;Before在……之前;Since既然。根据“you can’t work it out by yourself, why not ask your teacher for help ”可知,前后句构成因果关系,表示“既然”解不出题,建议求助。应填Since。
40.B
【解析】句意:——你回来后的生活怎么样?——到目前为止,一切顺利。我已经成立了自己的公司。
I’m not sure表示不确定;So far, so good表示目前情况良好;It’s hard to say表示很难说,You said it表示赞同对方观点。根据答语后句“I’ve set up my own company.”可知,说话者成立了自己的公司,暗示生活进展顺利,用So far, so good。
41.C
【解析】句意:看!这栋大楼着火了。请拨打119。
be on fire着火,表示状态;catch fire着火,表示动作。根据“Call 119, please.”可知大楼正处于火灾状态,需要拨打火警电话,且空前有is,应用be on fire结构。故选C。
42.D
【解析】句意:下列哪个单词的构成方式像“toothache”一样?
useless无用的;uncertain不确定的;lovely可爱的;weekday工作日。toothache是由tooth和ache组成的合成词,A、B、C项均为通过加前缀或后缀构成的派生词,只有weekday是由week和day组成的合成词,与toothache构成方式相同。
43.B
【解析】句意:他用手护住眼睛,避免被太阳晒伤。
borrowed; from从……借来;protected; from保护……免受……伤害;filled; with用……填满;covered; with用……盖住。根据句中“用手”和“太阳”的语境,此处表示保护眼睛不受阳光伤害,应填protected; from。
44.D
【解析】句意:地震后这座建筑物被严重损坏了。
bad坏的,为形容词;badly严重地,为副词;damage损坏,为动词;damaged损坏,为过去分词。句中was damaged构成被动语态,需用副词badly修饰damaged表示程度。应填badly damaged。
45.D
【解析】句意:——昨天这个时候你哥哥在做什么?——当我在家正写一封电子邮件的时候,他正在读一本杂志。
when当……时候(引导时间状语从句时,既可接延续性动作,也可接短暂性动作,侧重表达“某个时间点突发某事”,不专门强调两个延续动作的同步并行);as当……时(引导时间状语从句多强调动作伴随发生或侧重动作与变化同步);until直到……为止(表示动作持续到某一时间点结束);while当……时候(引导时间状语从句时,只能搭配延续性动作,专门强调主从句的两个动作同步持续、并行发生)。根据“He was reading a magazine”和“I was writing”可知,主句和从句均为过去进行时,且两个延续动作同步发生,应填while。
46.C
【解析】句意:随着男孩长大,他对科学越来越感兴趣。
When当……时候;While当……时;As随着;After在……之后。根据“he becomes more and more interested in science”可知,此处表示随着男孩年龄增长,兴趣也在增加,表示伴随变化常用As。
47.C
【解析】句意:——有时候在我们的日常生活中保持沉默是有必要的。——是的。很多麻烦是由说话太多引起的。
peace和平,宁静;slight轻微的;silent沉默的;calm平静的。根据答语“Lots of troubles are caused by speaking too much.”可知说话太多会引起麻烦,推测出有时候需要保持沉默。
48.C
【解析】句意:广场上的人都对这个令人兴奋的消息感到兴奋。
excited感到兴奋的,通常修饰人;exciting令人兴奋的,通常修饰物。第一空主语是people,指人的感受,用excited;第二空修饰news,指事物的性质,用exciting。应填excited;exciting。
49.B
【解析】句意:在飞机上,你可以看到你下方的美丽景色。
above在……上面;below在……下面;over在……正上方;under在……正下方。根据“On a plane”可知,人在飞机上,景色位于人的下方,below常用来表示位置低于某处,不一定强调垂直正下方,符合语境。应填below。
50.A
【解析】句意:——你听到那个女孩的喊叫声了吗?——是的。当我到达那里时,我发现那个女孩正害怕地看着一条蛇。
from来自;in在……中;at朝;with带着。根据“shouts”和“the girl”可知,喊叫声来自女孩,应用from;根据“looking at a snake”和“fear”可知,表示“恐惧地看”,in fear意为“处于恐惧中”,强调内心的状态。应填from;in。
51.D
【解析】句意:昨天当我在思考如何解那道物理题时,突然一个好主意闪过我的脑海。
over在上方/越过;past经过(从旁边经过);across穿过(从表面横过);through穿过(从内部穿过)。根据固定搭配“go through one’s mind”意为“(想法)闪过脑海”,强调思路从大脑内部穿过。应填through。
52.C
【解析】句意:地震总是突然发生,所以很难知道它们什么时候来。
unluckily不幸地;slowly缓慢地;suddenly突然地;finally最终地。根据“so it is difficult to know when they come”可知,地震难以预测是因为发生得突然,应填suddenly。
53.B
【解析】句意:——2023年玉溪发生了一场山火。——太糟糕了。我们必须小心用火。
I hope not我希望不是;That’s terrible太可怕了;Never mind没关系;Who knows谁知道。上文提到发生了山火这一坏消息,答语应表示同情或震惊。That’s terrible符合对不幸事件的感叹。
54.A
【解析】句意:别看你的手机了,吉米。汽车差点撞到你。
hit撞击;throw扔;trap困住;wash洗。根据“Don’t look at your phone”可知是在提醒注意安全,结合语境可知汽车差点发生的动作应该是撞击。故选A。
55.D
【解析】句意:——汽车冲出道路并撞上了一棵树。——哦,天哪。有人受伤吗?
get off下车;come (came) off偏离;did无实义助动词;was是,am/is的过去式。and连接并列谓语,后接过去式hit(主语The car是第三人称单数,如果是现在时,用hits),前半句谓语也要用一般过去时,ABC选项第一个空均为动词原形,可直接排除,因此应填came off;第二个空be hurt是固定搭配,意为“受伤”,时态保持一致,用was。
56.B
【解析】句意:音乐如此大声以至于我不得不捂住耳朵。
so...that...结构中so后接形容词或副词;such...that...结构中such后接名词短语;too...to...和enough...to...后接动词原形。根据loud是形容词,且后面跟的句子“I had to cover my ears”可知应用so...that...结构。
57.C
【解析】句意:我喜欢吃水果,比如苹果、香蕉和橙子。
for example例如;so on等等;such as例如;look like看起来像。根据空格后接的是具体水果名称的列举,且用于列举同类事物,应用“such as”。“for example”常作插入语,后接句子或单个例子。用such as。
58.C
【解析】句意:当面对意想不到的问题时,在采取任何行动之前保持冷静并仔细应对你周围的情况是很重要的。
condition条件,状况(侧重状态或前提);position位置,职位;situation形势,情况,局面(侧重综合环境或处境);location地点,位置。根据“facing an unexpected problem”(面对意想不到的问题)以及“around you”(你周围)可知,应关注所处的“情况/处境”,故选用situation。
59.D
【解析】句意:她学习很努力,所以她没有任何困难地通过了考试。
without和with均为介词,后接动词需用动名词形式。根据句意,努力学习通常带来顺利的结果,without any difficulty意为“没有任何困难”,符合语境,且any常用于否定句或含否定意义的介词后。应填without having。
60.C
【解析】句意:自然灾害对人类来说很可怕,但政府总是勇敢地面对和解决。
harm危害/伤害(名词/动词);difficult困难的(形容词);terrible可怕的/糟糕的(形容词);special特殊的(形容词)。根据空前的系动词“are”可知,此处需用形容词作表语;再根据后文中的转折关系“but the government always faces and solves bravely”可知,前半句在描述自然灾害的破坏性与可怕性,表示“可怕的,糟糕的”应填入形容词terrible。
61.A
【解析】句意:我正在公园里和我的朋友散步,这时暴风雨开始了。
when当……时;while当……时;before在……之前;if如果。根据主句“I was walking”为过去进行时,从句“storm started”为一般过去时,两句动作同时发生,且when可引导时间状语从句表示两个动作先后或同时发生;while引导的从句谓语动词需用延续性动词,而start为瞬间动词,故排除B。故选A。
62.B
【解析】句意:当我母亲正在洗碗的时候我父亲在看报纸。
so所以;while当……的时候,引导时间状语从句,从句常用进行时;or或者,否则;but但是。根据主句“My father was reading newspapers”和从句表述“my mother was washing dishes.”可知,主从句两个动作同时进行,用while引导时间状语从句。应填while。
63.B
【解析】句意:最后,这个可怜的男孩去世了,但人们不知道他的死因。
die死亡,动词;died是die的过去式;death死亡,名词;dead死亡的,形容词。句中“the poor boy was...”提示第一空需要形容词作表语,表状态;句中“the reason for his...”提示第二空需要名词,作介词for的宾语。
64.B
【解析】句意:一场严重的地震过后,超过200人丧生。
died死亡,动词过去式;dead死亡的,形容词;dying临死的,垂死的,形容词;death死亡,名词。were后接形容词作表语,表示“死亡”的状态,应用dead。
65.A
【解析】句意:我经常看见哥哥周末和他的朋友们踢足球。
see sb. do sth.表示“看见某人做了某事(强调全过程)”或“看到某人经常做某事(强调动作的经常性、习惯性)”;see sb. doing sth. 表示“看到某人正在做某事(强调动作正在进行)”。“often”和“weekends”表明,哥哥踢足球是习惯性动作,因此用see sb. do sth.结构,用动词原形play作宾补。
66.C
【解析】句意:下面哪个单词是像“wartime”一样的合成词?
impatient不耐烦的;German德国的;schoolwork功课;carelessness粗心。“wartime”是由war和time两个单词组成的合成词。A、B、D 项均为通过添加前缀或后缀构成的派生词,只有C项schoolwork是由school和work两个独立单词构成的合成词。
67.A
【解析】句意:虽然她很擅长跳舞,但比赛前她依然有些恐惧,担心自己可能会失误。
fear恐惧,害怕;doubt怀疑;agreement同意;failure失败。后文“worrying that she might make mistakes(担心出错)” 体现内心紧张害怕,fear符合。
68.B
【解析】句意:在下雪天,你应该尽可能小心地开车。
carelessly粗心地;carefully小心地;more carelessly更粗心地(比较级);more carefully更小心地(比较级)。根据题干“as ________ as possible”,as...as是同级比较结构,中间应用副词原级,且下雪天应“小心”开车,应填carefully。
69.B
【解析】句意:今天下午当艾米遇到彼得时,她正和妈妈在公交车站等候。
met是瞬间动词,常用When引导时间状语从句,While通常搭配延续性动词;the bus station是地点,表示“在车站等”应用wait at,wait for后需接等待的人或物。应填When;was waiting at。
70.A
【解析】句意:我一完成工作就必须吃午饭,否则我的胃会疼痛。
ache疼痛;hurt受伤,疼痛;treat治疗;burn燃烧。根据“I must have lunch... or...”可知,如果不及时吃午饭,胃会感到疼痛。可知此处是表示“疼痛”的动词,排除选项C和选项D。ache作动词,特指身体器官因饥饿、疾病引发的持续隐痛,主语就是疼痛部位,完全符合本题“空腹不吃饭引发胃痛”的语境。
71.D
【解析】句意:洗手是保护我们自己免受疾病侵害的好方法。
protect sb. from sth.为固定搭配,意为“保护某人免受某事伤害”;prevent sb. from doing sth.意为“阻止某人做某事”。根据句意可知,此处表示保护我们免受疾病伤害,且protect不与away from搭配,符合“protect...from...”的用法。
72.C
【解析】句意:下列哪个单词不是复合词?
everything每件事;weekend周末;meaningful有意义的;blackboard黑板。复合词是由两个或两个以上独立单词组合而成。everything由every和thing组成;weekend由week和end组成;blackboard由black和board组成,它们都是复合词。meaningful是由meaning加上后缀-ful构成的派生词,不是复合词。
73.B
【解析】句意:到目前为止,我们已经学习了大约1500个英语单词和300个短语。
Later on后来;So far迄今为止;Until then直到那时;From now从今以后。根据句中谓语动词“have learned”可知句子时态为现在完成时。Later on、Until then和From now通常不与现在完成时连用,只有So far是现在完成时的标志性状语,符合语境。应填So far。
74.D
【解析】句意:当我妈妈回来时,我正在看电视。
根据“when my mother came back”可知,从句是一般过去时,表示过去具体的时间点,主句表示在过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,其结构为was/were doing,主语为I,be动词用was。
75.D
【解析】句意:当米莉正在看电视时,闪电击中了附近的一座建筑物。
When当……时;While当……时;As当……时;All of the above以上所有内容。从句谓语was watching是过去进行时,表示延续性动作。When, While和As均可引导表示延续性动作的时间状语从句,表示主句动作发生时,从句动作正在进行,三者在此处均符合语法和语境。
76.D
【解析】句意:拥有护照对于出国旅行很重要。
postcard明信片;programme计划;product产品;passport护照。根据“foreign travel”可知出国旅行需要护照。应填passport。
77.A
【解析】句意:自然灾害会摧毁家园和社区,让人们感到恐惧和无助。
destroy破坏,摧毁;disappear消失;divide分开;decorate装饰。根据“Natural disasters”及“leaving people scared and helpless”可知,自然灾害会对家园造成破坏,使人恐惧无助。应填destroy。
78.B
【解析】句意:我做晚饭的时候,他正在看报纸。
While当……时候;When当……时候,从句谓语动词多为瞬间动词;as随着,侧重伴随;because因为,表原因。主句“He was reading the newspaper”是过去进行时,表示过去某段时间持续进行的动作;从句“I was cooking dinner”也是过去进行时,主从句均为过去进行时,表示两个动作同时持续进行,while强调两个同时进行的延续动作,所以此处用while。
79.C
【解析】句意:昨晚暴风雪期间,许多人都被困在车里。
filled装满;covered覆盖;trapped困住;balanced平衡。根据“during the heavy snowstorm”可知,恶劣天气导致人们无法移动,be trapped in表示“被困在……里”,固定搭配。应填trapped。
80.A
【解析】句意:地震发生时人们正在睡觉,所以他们中许多人失去了生命。
when当……时;while当……时;because因为;so所以。主句为过去进行时,从句为一般过去时,happened是短暂性动词。while引导的时间状语从句谓语动词通常是延续性的,when既可以接延续性动词也可以接短暂性动词。根据句意及动词性质,所以选A。
81.D
【解析】句意:这场地震凌晨三点突发,那时许多人还在睡觉。
gave out分发;took out取出;put out扑灭;broke out(灾难、战争)爆发。根据“The earthquake”可知,此处需要表示灾难突发的短语,break out专指灾害、冲突爆发,后句were为过去式,前句时态保持一致,过去式broke out符合语境。
82.B
【解析】句意:当地震发生时,人们在该地区向四面八方跑去。
in all direction搭配错误;in all directions朝四面八方;to all direction介词有误,名词单数有错;to all directions介词有误。固定短语in all directions意为“向四面八方”,direction需用复数形式,介词用in。所以选B。
83.C
【解析】句意:——上周六晚上9点你正在做什么?——我正在看一部关于地震的纪录片。
根据时间状语“at 9 o’clock last Saturday evening”可知,动作发生在过去某一具体时刻,强调当时正在进行的动作,应用过去进行时,结构为was/were+doing。主语是you,be动词用were。
84.B
【解析】句意:这个小女孩如此害怕,以至于当她看到蛇时,她一句话也说不出来。
fear恐惧,名词/动词;scared感到害怕的,常描述人的主观感受;nervous紧张的;dangerous危险的。根据“The little girl was so … that she couldn’t say a word when she saw the snake.”可知,小女孩看到蛇时吓得说不出话,此处需用形容词作表语描述人的主观感受,scared符合语境;fear词性不符,nervous程度不够贴切,dangerous描述事物而非人的感受。所以选B。
85.A
【解析】句意:当你面对紧急情况时必须冷静下来。恐惧没有帮助。
calm down冷静下来;cheer up振作起来;give up放弃;show off炫耀。根据“when you face an emergency”和“Fear won’t help”可知,面对紧急情况需要保持冷静,恐惧无济于事,应填calm down。
86.D
【解析】句意:——哦,不!我们走错地方了。——对不起,我没有方向感,尤其是在一个新地方。
instruction指示;introduction介绍;competition竞争;direction方向。根据“We’ve come to a wrong place.”可知,走错地方是因为没有“方向”感。应填direction。
87.C
【解析】句意:这位老人一辈子都住在这个小镇,从未搬到其他任何地方。
across穿过(物体表面);past经过;over贯穿(一段时间);by凭借。根据“his whole life”可知,此处表示贯穿人的一生这个时间跨度,常用over。
88.D
【解析】句意:——昨天下午4点你在哪里踢足球?——在足球场上。
tomorrow明天;next Monday下周一; right now此刻;at 4 yesterday afternoon昨天下午4点。根据“were playing”可知句子时态为过去进行时,表示过去某一时刻正在进行的动作,需用过去的具体时间状语,A、B项用于将来时,C项用于现在进行时,只有D项符合。
89.B
【解析】句意:——很抱歉让你久等了。——没关系,我等待的时候正在看杂志。
All right好吧;That’s OK用于回应别人的道歉,意为没关系;Not at all用来回应感谢;No problem多用于回应请求。此处用来回复对方的歉意,应选用That’s OK。
90.B
【解析】句意:王爷爷想尽可能快地找到那位好心的出租车司机。
修饰动词find需用副词quickly,排除A项(quick为形容词);主句wanted为一般过去时,从句应用could保持时态一致,排除D项(can为现在时);C项结构错误,应为as soon as possible。B项as quickly as he could符合语法规范且语义通顺。
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