【暑假预习】外研社版本八上Unit 2 Getting along 重点学习内容

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【暑假预习】外研社版本八上Unit 2 Getting along 重点学习内容

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【暑假预习】外研社版本八上Unit 2 Getting along 重点学习内容
一、核心重点单词
1. 人物 / 性格类
selfish adj. 自私的
giant n. 巨人;伟人
kindness n. 善良,好意(kind n. 善良的名词形式)
2. 人际关系与相处类
relationship n. 关系,人际往来
cooperation n. 合作
neighbour n. 邻居
manners n. 礼貌,礼仪
3. 情绪与心理
angry adj. 生气的
fear n.&v. 恐惧,害怕
stressed adj. 焦虑的,压力大的
ashamed adj. 羞愧的
joy n. 快乐,喜悦
4. 场景、建筑、自然
garden n. 花园
wall n. 围墙,墙
lane n. 小巷,小道
dividing line 分界线
grass n. 草地
flower n. 花朵
5. 动作动词
predict v. 预测,预判
share v. 分享
argue v. 争吵,争论
accept v. 接受
offer v. 主动提供
explore v. 探索
influence v. 影响
comfort v.&n. 安慰
6. 其他重点名词 / 形容词
quote n. 名言,引语
conclusion n. 结论
agreement n. 协议,共识
spring n. 春天;泉水
golden adj. 金色的
social adj. 社交的
roller coaster 过山车
7. 变形拓展
selfish (adj.) → selfishness (n. 自私)
kind (adj.) → kindness (n. 善良)
cooperate (v.) → cooperation (n. 合作)
agree (v.) → agreement (n. 同意,协议)
二、必背重点短语
(一)课文《The Selfish Giant》短语
1.play in the garden 在花园里玩耍
2.shout in a very angry voice 愤怒地大喊
3.run away 跑开,逃走
4.build a high wall 筑高墙
5.knock down the wall 推倒围墙
6.jump out of bed 跳下床
7.hear birds singing 听见鸟儿歌唱
8.with joy 开心地
9.a hole in the wall 墙上的洞
10.cover...with flowers 开满鲜花
(二)六尺巷 Six-chi Lane 核心短语
1.argue over sth. 为某事争吵
2.dividing line 分界线
3.reach an agreement 达成和解 / 共识
4.give up 退让;放弃
5.step back three chi 退让三尺
6.as a gift 作为一份心意 / 礼物
7.as time continues to drift 岁月流转
8.kindness encourages more kindness 善意传递善意
(三)人际交往通用短语
1.get along with others 和他人相处
2.do not do to others what you do not want others to do 己所不欲,勿施于人
3.go a long way in doing sth. 对做某事大有帮助
4.alone 独自;依靠自己
5.share...with sb. 和某人分享……
6.social events 社交活动
7.personal relationships 人际关系
8.offer comfort 给予安慰
9.hide one’s feelings 隐藏情绪
10.reach an agreement 达成一致
11.set up social media pages 建立社交账号
12.talk about one’s fears 诉说内心恐惧
(四)语法固定搭配 for /since
1.for + 一段时间(持续多久)
2.since + 时间点 / 过去事件(自从……)
三、重点句型、万能表达(写作 + 口语)
1. 单元开篇名言句型
1.Do not do to others what you do not want others to do.
己所不欲,勿施于人。
2.There is very little we can do alone.
仅凭一己之力,我们能做成的事寥寥无几。
3.We need the cooperation of others.
我们离不开他人的协作。
2. 现在完成时核心句型(本单元语法核心)
1.have/has been + 状态 + for/since
The Giant has been away for a long time.
巨人已经离开很久了。
2.have/has + 过去分词 + since + 过去时间
Since then, he hasn’t seen a child there.
从那以后,他再也没见过小孩来花园。
3.Sharing has made me feel happy for the past four years.
过去四年,分享一直让我感到快乐。
4.I have shared my snacks with my deskmate since Grade 3.
从三年级起我就和同桌分享零食。
3. 口语对话万能句(谈论分享、安慰他人)
谈论分享经历
1.I have shared... with... for/since...
我从…… 起就和…… 分享……
2.Sharing has taught me that true happiness comes from giving.
分享教会我真正的快乐源于付出。
3.One day, I gave my umbrella to my friend and felt warm inside.
有一天,我把伞借给朋友,内心十分温暖。
安慰害怕、烦恼的朋友
1.I’m sorry to hear that.
听到这件事我很难过。
2.That sounds difficult.
听起来确实很难熬。
3.I see how worried you are.
我明白你有多担心。
4.You should tell your friends about your fear.
你应该把你的恐惧告诉朋友。
5.True friends will respect your decision.
真正的朋友会尊重你的选择。
4. 阅读写作观点句型
1.Shared joy is a double joy.
与人分享快乐,快乐便会加倍。
2.Kindness encourages more kindness.
善意能催生更多善意。
3.Six chi away, but closer together.
千里修书只为墙,让他三尺又何妨;退一步,心更近。
4.One reason spring wouldn’t come to the garden is that the giant refused to share his space.
春天不肯降临花园的原因之一是巨人不愿分享。
5. 写作叙事框架句
1.Its story started back in the Qing Dynasty.
故事始于清代。
2.They couldn’t reach an agreement and wrote a letter for advice.
双方无法达成和解,写信寻求建议。
3.This act deeply moved the other family.
这个举动深深打动了另一户人家。
4.Hundreds of years have passed since then.
岁月已过数百年。
四、本单元核心语法:现在完成时(for & since)
1. 核心结构:现在完成时表持续状态
结构:主语 + have/has + been + 形容词 / 介词短语(表状态持续)
适用:描述从过去持续到现在的状态,常搭配 for /since
例:
He has been ill for two weeks.
We have been friends since Grade Three.
2. for 和 since 用法区分(必考)
1.for + 一段时间(时长:3 years, 17 years, a long time)
They have been together for three years.
2.since + 时间点 / 过去事件(起点:last year, 2020, his 70th birthday, then)
Since last year, we’ve shared lots of happy moments.
3. 现在完成时动词两种形式区分
1.短暂动词(不能和 for/since 连用):meet, buy, leave, shut
2.状态延续动词(可搭配 for/since):be away, be friends, be open, have
转换规则:短暂动词 → 延续状态
leave → be away
buy → have
meet → be friends
4. 单元典型例句复盘
1.The 74-year-old has sold ice creams for the past 17 years.
这位 74 岁老人卖冰淇淋已经 17 年了。
2.He has done this since his 70th birthday.
从他 70 岁生日起,他就一直这么做。
3.Sharing has made me feel happy for the past four years.
过去四年,分享一直带给我快乐。
4.They have become friends since they first met.
他们自初次相识就成了朋友。
5. 语法考点总结
1.看到 for /since 优先用现在完成时;
2.for 后接时长,since 后接时间起点;
3.表达持续状态必须用延续性动词,不能用瞬间动词;
4.本单元写作要求:用现在完成时讲述分享、相处的经历。
五、单元主题核心主旨(阅读写作考点)
1.与人相处核心:换位思考、懂得分享、包容理解(己所不欲勿施于人)
2.《自私的巨人》主旨:快乐需要分享,独享只会孤独;共享的快乐是双倍快乐
3.《六尺巷》主旨:互相谦让、以善意对待他人,宽容能化解矛盾,拉近人与人的距离
4.人际交往启示:敢于表达自己的恐惧与真实想法,真正的朋友会理解、尊重你

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