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北京市东城区2025-2026学年高一第二学期期末英语试题
一、完形填空
Every afternoon Brinley sets a 3:05 p. m. alarm on her phone to make sure she doesn’t miss her friends. Around 3:15, she 1._______ looks out of her hospital room window. Across the street in another building, a crew of construction workers wave at her, forming heart shapes with their hands. Brinley smiles and sends hearts back. The daily 2._______ lasts only a few minutes, but it has become the 3._______ part of her day.
Diagnosed with heart failure, 9-year-old little Brinley has stayed in hospital for three months, waiting for a heart transplant. She’s largely confined to her room for medical reasons, and the days stuck indoors are long and dull.
Brinley’s parents entertain her as best they can. One day, Brinley’s father was using the flashlight on his phone to play with her. In the building across from them, Nail, a young constructor, 4._______ a flash through the window. He looked closer and saw what appeared to be a tiny patient. He shined a light back. Realizing he was facing a children’s hospital, Nail quickly made a simple 5._______ that read: “Get Well Soon,” with a heart drawn underneath.
Back in Brinley’s room, her mother was amazed. Immediately, the family 6._______ with their own message: “THANK U,WAITING FOR A .”
“That started it all,” Nail said. After learning about Brinley’s story, many workers 7._______ a GoFundMe fundraiser to help her family. One of Nail’s co-workers gave Brinley an LED heart light to put on her window. They agreed that whenever the light is on, it 8._______ to the workers that Brinley is doing okay.
“It’s cool to see that such a small thing could 9._______ a lot of people,” Nail said, “To have a small part in her journey is really 10.________ for myself and others. Just a simple wave or heart signal means the world.”
1.A．suddenly B．helplessly C．briefly D．eagerly
2.A．plan B．special C．exchange D．reminder
3.A．funniest B．brightest C．longest D．fanciest
4.A．caught B．used C．ignored D．sought
5.A．tip B．blog C．choice D．sign
6.A．connected B．agreed C．responded D．settled
7.A．checked in B．carried through C．signed up D．contributed to
8.A．signals B．relates C．refers D．leads
9.A．suit B．impact C．meet D．feature
10.A．striking B．responsible C．uplifting D．grateful
二、语法填空
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Artemis I has been seen 14. an important first step in NASA’s return to the Moon. 15. (launch) in 2022, the uncrewed Orion spacecraft flew around the Moon and returned safely to Earth. During the 25-day journey, engineers 16. (work) on the mission tested key systems that would support future astronauts. Since the mission ended, much data 17. (collect) and used to improve later space missions. Artemis I shows that space exploration is not only about reaching distant places, but also about careful planning, scientific testing, and human curiosity.
阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。
Lin Qiaozhi was one of China’s most respected doctors. She was a leading expert in OB-GYN, 18. is the field of medicine that focuses on the health of women and babies. Working at Peking Union Medical College Hospital for many years, she helped thousands of babies come into the world. She also understood 19. it meant to hold a new life in her hands. She cared deeply about the women who needed her help and treated every patient with 20. (responsible). Lin Qiaozhi devoted her life to medicine, and her story still inspires many people today.
三、阅读理解
A
Discovery Tours Tour A: Peru 23 July 2026—11 days Sold out. Step into the heart of the Inca civilization as you explore Machu Picchu, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, and discover how the story of the Incas goes far beyond this legendary site alone. Discover Inca society, science and history with local guides and historians. Take a guided walking tour of Cusco, the historic capital of the Inca civilization, where the city’s design and architecture speak to centuries of cultural and political change.
Tour B: Uzbekistan 11 September 2026—14 days for 3,795 per person One place remaining. Take a fascinating journey across Uzbekistan, exploring its astronomical contributions and rich scientific history. Explore the Silk Road cities of Samarkand, Bukhara and Khiva, discover their links to astronomy, and learn how early civilizations contributed to the development of modern science. Spend a night at the Lake Dark Sky Reserve, where scientists will guide your observation of the night sky, while enjoying local food and traditional music that reflect the country’s heritage.
Tour C: England 16 September 2026—7 days for 2,349 per person Follow in the footsteps of one of history’s greatest empires on this engaging walking tour along Hadrian’ s Wall, which once marked the northernmost frontier of Roman power and today stands as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. This walking tour offers a deep dive into Roman life in Britain, where you will take guided tours led by a team of experts.
Tour D: Costa Rica 3 November 2026—13 days for 5,795 per person Begin an extraordinary journey where you will experience Costa Rica’s biodiversity firsthand. This trip will take you deep into the rich variety of life in national parks. At every stop, field scientists and naturalists will be by your side, helping you identify species and understand the natural world through hands-on experience.
21. Those who want to explore an ancient empire can sign up for the trip to ________.
A．Peru B．Uzbekistan C．England D．Costa Rica
22. What is the focus of the Uzbekistan tour
A．Scientific discoveries. B．Silk road city walks.
C．Natural biodiversity. D．Astronomical heritage sites.
23. What do all four trips feature
A．Nature reserve visits. B．Expert-led explorations.
C．Hands-on experiences. D．UNESCO World Heritage Sites.
B
Starting late last year, all children under 16 in Australia have been banned from having accounts on social-media sites. Because no country has attempted such a ban before, knowing the effects in advance is impossible— and they may be hard to evaluate even years after the ban takes effect.
That said, the long experience of governments trying to limit young people’s access to age-restricted products like alcohol gives reasons to careful optimism. The ban might deliver some truly valuable benefits, letting youthful missteps remain local and short-lived, rather than leaving lasting marks on developing minds, and giving young people more time to develop their people skills in real life and connections that make life meaningful.
Before we dive into details, we must address a common view of social-media bans. No matter how cleverly designed a ban is, some kids will figure out ways around it, and thus the ban serves no purpose. By that logic, countries should abandon bans on robbery and theft, none of which is ever perfect. But the core lesson from other bans is that most of them produce the intended effects, reducing the activity they seek to stem. The most revealing example is the widespread age restrictions for the purchase of alcohol. Yes, some young people have always found ways to get around these bans. However, researchers found that in the U.S., raising the legal drinking age from 18 to 21 reduced alcohol consumption and traffic crashes among that group.
The teenage years are a time of high neuroplasticity in which many lifelong habits, good and bad, are formed. This is why social-media companies see Australia’s ban as a long-term economic threat. People are generally far less likely to become addicted to something if they are introduced to it after their brain is fully developed (at about age 25).
Positive outcomes from raising the minimum legal age for addictive substances do not guarantee that this ban will succeed. Consuming alcohol requires the obtaining of a physical object. This creates regulatory checkpoint. Parents, teachers, and other adults who work with young people may have an easier time detecting these substances (noticing that someone is drunk) than detecting whether someone is illegally using social media.
Policies are rarely purely good, and the ban is likely to result in trade-offs. Regardless of the result, Australia will have done other countries a service by being the first mover as the world approaches how to live with such powerful new technologies.
24. According to the author, what may be the result of the ban
A．It may influence teens’ social skills. B．It may be ineffective and short-lived.
C．It may be largely ignored by teenagers. D．It may promote physical activities in youth.
25. What does the underlined word “stem” in Paragraph 3 probably mean
A．Bring on. B．Take over. C．Figure out. D．Hold back.
26. What will probably reduce the effectiveness of the ban
A．The strong objection from social-media companies.
B．Weakened restrictions on addictive substances.
C．The difficulty in monitoring social media use. D．The features of the teenage brain.
27. What is the author’s attitude towards the ban
A．Fairly concerned. B．Basically neutral. C．Deeply uncertain. D．Generally supportive.
C
On a soccer field, a team is running its practices. The team manager would yell instructions at his players, but his team consists of five robots. Molengraft, chair of robotics at Eindhoven University, hopes to use his players to solve a pressing dilemma: how to get the increasing numbers of robots to consume less energy.
Dealing with power-thirsty robots is difficult and inescapable. Robots have advanced so far that their promise of easing human labor is in the here and now. But their energy costs are mounting rapidly, and it’s all because of data. Robots and AI models share one characteristic: whether to move around or solve problems, they function by constantly taking in and computing increasingly vast quantities of data. Processing all that data drives up their energy consumption so much that their planet-warming pollution could outweigh any benefits they offer. If the world needs to reach net zero greenhouse gas emission (排放) by 2050, the carbon footprint of data must halve in the next five years.
One solution, Molengraft thinks, might lie in “lazy robotics,” a term to describe machines doing less and taking shortcuts. Still, Molengraft said, “the truth is: robots are doing a lot of things that they shouldn’t be doing.”
They need to focus only on what’s important at any particular moment, which, after all, is what humans do, even if we don’t always realize it.
At the moment, Molengraft’s robot players run their various systems—the collecting of feeds from sensors and cameras, the computations, the movements, the communications—dozens of times a second. By combing all of these signals, each of his players makes an assumption of where it is on the field, tests that assumption with the details it gathers, updates its database and exchanges information with every other robot on the field. “If a robot does not look around for a second, its world will have completely changed,” he said.
But humans make decisions differently, even in situations of high uncertainty. Molengraft offered the example of a driver on a dark, rainy night. Instead of analyzing every detail of the environment, the driver focuses on the road just ahead and makes quick judgments to drive safely. Laziness, in this case, is efficiency.
It’s wiser to build robots that contain only the necessary information. However, progress is slow. A robot is a complex system, and changing an element in one unit may have an unforeseen effect in another. But Molengraft sees this work as significant if the forthcoming age of machines is to be a cleaner time.
28. What can we learn from the first two paragraphs
A．Robots absorb and process data to operate.
B．Robots will halve their data consumption by 2050.
C．Robots have been advancing at an unexpected speed.
D．Robots offer enough benefits to balance out their weaknesses.
29. What does the author intend to show with the underlined sentence
A．The importance of exchanging information. B．The process of observing the surroundings.
C．The cause of robots’ inability to be lazy. D．The way robots test assumptions.
30. Why is a human driver mentioned in Paragraph 6
A．To challenge a belief. B．To illustrate a point.
C．To highlight a problem. D．To analyze an event.
31. Which would be the best title for the passage
A．Why the world needs lazier robots B．How lazier robots reduce energy costs
C．What defines the future of robotics industry
D．Whether robots are more efficient than humans
七选五
It’s no wonder our attention spans are shortening. When we’re engaged with the world in front of us, pings and dings distract (使分心) us. In our free moments, we use screens to outrun moments of boredom, anxiety and loneliness. These digital distractions have made it hard to stay focused. 32. And just as short videos and endless scrolling can condition your brain to look for new things, you can also build routines to reclaim your focus. And here are some tips to help you stay focused longer.
One simple way is to do an attention check next time you start a task. Track every time your attention slips (下降). Also, try checking in with yourself every hour and reflecting on how well you have been focusing. 33. And if that feels manageable, repeat it for a few more days. By the end, you’ll learn how often you tend to lose focus, what usually causes it and when your focus is the strongest.
Also, consider removing facial recognition from your phone and keeping it in your opposite pocket. The inconvenience of typing in a password or reaching around your body can discourage mindless use. With social media, similarly consider logging out after each use and turning off saved passwords. 34.
After a week or two of these changes, run the attention check again to see what has changed. If you’re still distracted, take more intentional action. 35. For example, you can try a screen-free meal. Eat without watching videos, and let it be just the food and your thoughts. Also, add a nature reset. Spend time at a local park or quiet tree-lined street. A study found that a 50-minute nature walk helped students increase attention by nearly 20%.
While resting your brain can help your focus recover, attention training can strengthen your ability to stay focused. Pick something to focus on, like your breath or coffee. 36. Note that even a few minutes of attention training feels difficult at first, so start small and slowly push yourself.
A．But attention is a learned habit.
B．You might want to give your brain a real break.
C．Try using a simple phone or quitting social media.
D．See if you can keep this check going for a full day.
E．Using mental wellness apps can also support your practice.
F．Then use attention records to schedule demanding work when most focused.
G．That way, coming back takes just enough effort to feel like a choice rather than a habit.
四、阅读简答
A loud banging noise suddenly rang out in the lab I had recently joined as a Ph. D. student, and I realized I was to blame. Worse still, I couldn’t switch the machine off, so I stood there, frozen. I had always been a top student. I expected excellence from myself, so any mistake, in my view, was a sign that I might not be suited for this type of work. But as the months went on, the mistakes continued to pile up. My first attempt at DNA extraction failed, and I feared I might never get it right. That fear deepened when a couple more attempts failed, too. I began to pull back, unwilling to give others any more evidence of my inability.
Then, one night I read an article. It made me realize something I never had before: I needed to treat myself with the same kindness I would offer a dear friend.
If a friend had made a mistake, I would have told them to take it lightly, to see it as part of growing, and even to welcome it as a necessary part of learning. I began to treat myself like that friend. That change in mindset made it easier to avoid being crushed by the weight of failure.
As I became more comfortable with the idea of making mistakes, I opened up to peers. What I heard from them was striking: Almost all of them had made mistakes—small or large. I began to see that mistakes are part of life for anyone who is learning and doing anything new, a realization that’s made it easier to deal with the uncertainty and pressure in life.
The reality is, we are all going to mess up. I now realize that’s OK, even necessary. “Doing better” comes from “doing first,” often with struggles along the way.
37. How did the author view her mistakes at first
_______________________________________________________________________________
38. What did the article make the author realize
_______________________________________________________________________________
39. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
Opening up to friends makes it easier to deal with the uncertainty and pressure in life.
_______________________________________________________________________________
40. How will you turn a mistake into an opportunity to grow (In about 40 words)
_______________________________________________________________________________五、书面表达
41. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你校下周将举办“希望之声”(Melodies for Hope)慈善音乐节。请你给外教Jim写一封邮件邀请他参加，内容包括：1．活动介绍;2．邀请理由。词数100左右，开头结尾已给出。
Dear Jim,
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
完形1-10
1.D 2.C 3.B 4.A 5.D
6.C 7.D 8.A 9.B 10.C
语法填空11-20
11.helps
12.to show
13.shared
14.as
15.Launched
16.working
17.has been collected
18.which
19.what
20.responsibility
阅读21-31
21.C 22.A 23.B
24.A 25.D 26.C 27.D
28.A 29.C 30.B 31.A
七选五32-36
32.A 33.D 34.G 35.C 36.B
阅读简答标准答案
37. She thought mistakes meant she was not fit for her work and felt afraid and self-doubting.
38. She realized she should treat herself kindly just as she treats a close friend.
39. Opening up to friends makes it easier to deal with the uncertainty and pressure in life.
Reason: The author shared her troubles with lab peers instead of ordinary friends.
40. Once I make mistakes, I will analyze my faults calmly, draw lessons from them and adjust my ways to avoid repeating the same error next time.
书面表达范文
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to invite you to our charity music festival Melodies for Hope to be held next week in our school hall.
The activity aims to raise money for poor kids. Students will perform songs and instrumental shows, and all donations will go to children in mountainous areas. I know you love music and volunteer work very much, so I sincerely hope you can come and give us some guidance.
Looking forward to your reply.
Yours,
Li Hua

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