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湖南汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月
期末英语试题
学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________
一、阅读理解
In 1240, the Holy Roman Emperor Frederick II built Castel del Monte on a lonely hill in central Puglia, where he had a perfect view of approaching enemies. He probably never imagined the enemies might be tourists one day. But these days, the old castle has been polished clean, and hundreds of multicolored Pullman buses snake up the winding roads to its grounds, now filled with T-shirt stands, Coca-Cola signs and a 200-car parking lot. All this thanks to the fact that UNESCO has designated (认定) it a World Heritage Site in 1996.
Officially, UNESCO honors places that exemplify an area’s ancestry, with the purpose of ensuring they are preserved. Unofficially, this designation is a kind of fairy dust that often turns little-known cultural sites into overnight tourist sensations. This is both a gift and a cuss. Lisa Mastny, senior adviser to the World Watch Institute, says tourism is double-edged for places considered of “outstanding value to humanity. It offers many poor communities the chance to obtain financial rewards, but also threatens the very resources — human and natural — upon which the industry is ultimately built”.
There is growing awareness that assigning UNESCO designation is worthless or worse, harmful — without some kind of follow-up preservation program. “In the early days there wasn’t much attention given to what would happen once these sites became World Heritage. But that’s changing slowly,” says Joseph King, director of the sites unit at the International Centre for the Study of the Preservation and Restoration of Cultural Property (ICCROM). In Africa, a 12-year training program is currently underway to teach locals not only how to preserve their immovable cultural heritage, but how to use it for economic development. In Eastern Europe, where tourism is a relatively new thing, cities are looking for help in figuring out where to draw the line between preserving historical centers and promoting urban development.
1．What can we learn about Castel del Monte
A．It was built to enjoy the view.
B．It has become a hot tourist spot.
C．It has to make way for a shopping mall.
D．It failed to win UNESCO designation in 1996.
2．Which word is closest in meaning to the underlined word “cuss” in paragraph 2
A．Drawback. B．Promise. C．Solution. D．Chance.
3．How does the author support King’s words in the last paragraph
A．By quoting experts. B．By analyzing cause and effect.
C．By giving examples. D．By making comparisons.
4．Which of the following statements may Joseph King agree with
A．UNESCO designation needs follow-up preservation.
B．UNESCO turns unknown sites into tourist attractions.
C．Tourism offers financial rewards but also posing threats.
D．Africa has balanced heritage preservation and urban development.
Geothermal (地热的) energy offers constant, clean power with very little land use, making it ideal for Indonesia and the Philippines. These nations possess huge geothermal potential due to their volcanic locations on the seismically (地震地) active Pacific “Ring of Fire”, where heat naturally rises close to the surface.
Indonesia and the Philippines rank second and third globally in geothermal use but access only a small amount of their reserves. Indonesia makes use of less than 10% of its potential, supplying just 6% of its power. The Philippines has developed about 8% of its capacity, making geothermal energy its largest renewable source at 14.6% of energy use.
Both countries aim to expand significantly: Indonesia targets geothermal energy as its second-largest renewable source by 2030, while the Philippines plans projects adding nearly 1.5 gigawatts.
The major challenge is high initial costs and risks, especially during the expensive exploratory drilling phase needed to confirm suitable sites. “Developers cannot take 100% of the exploration risk themselves,” explains Shigeru Yamamura of the Asian Development Bank. “Climate finance for geothermal energy in Southeast Asia remains limited, accounting for only 9% of the ASEAN’s (Association of Southeast Asian Nations’) renewable funding,” he adds.
Solutions include integrated finance (combining public/private funds, donations and green bonds) and policy reforms. Indonesia is simplifying permits and improving investment returns, while the Philippines is carrying out targeted green energy sales and smart power network plans to attract private investors. International support includes a $150 million World Bank loan for Indonesia and $127.5 million from climate funds to reduce exploration risks.
Even with funding, community resistance can hold up projects. In Indonesia, villagers near sites like Dieng have protested about safety fears following deadly gas leaks and environmental impacts. Timothy Ravis of Cornell University notes some communities lack understanding of geothermal benefits. In the Philippines, concerns about land degradation among native groups have led companies to negotiate royalty payments. Experts stress that gaining community agreement is crucial. Demonstrating concrete local benefits, such as steady employment and public facilities, is key to unlocking this powerful clean energy source beneath Southeast Asia.
5．What do the numbers in paragraph 2 indicate
A．Achieved expansion targets. B．Vast geothermal potential.
C．High development efficiency. D．Dominance of traditional energy.
6．What can be inferred about geothermal exploration from Yamamura’s statement
A．Risk-sharing strategies are essential.
B．International loans do away with all risks.
C．Private investors avoid renewable projects.
D．Governments should fully fund drilling phases.
7．What measure is Indonesia taking to support geothermal development
A．Addressing community safety protests.
B．Running green energy sales programs.
C．Increasing investment returns.
D．Providing $150 million exploration loans.
8．Why does the author mention deadly gas leaks in Dieng
A．To stress the need for international loans.
B．To explain technical challenges in drilling.
C．To illustrate causes of community resistance.
D．To compare safety standards in two countries.
One day, you might be ordering your favorite pizza from a robot.Researchers at a university in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, are working on creating a pizza-making robot.
“Robots are basically preprogrammed to repeat the same actions over and over,” says David Held, a robot expert from Carnegie Mellon University, and one of the members of a pizza-making team．But making pizza has challenges.For instance, the flour (面粉) will become squishy when meeting water, with a shape that can change in many ways.Also, pizza-making requires many steps—such as rolling and cutting—and several tools, including a rolling, a knife and so on.In what order should the steps be done Which tools should be picked, and when “If you need to do a cooking task, there are several levels that you have to reason about,” Held says.Once people get the hang of it, “We don’t even need to think about exactly how we’re doing it- it sort of just happens.But robots can’t really “understand what to do on their own”.
To start, the team used a computer to consider how a robot could lift, fatten, gather, move and cut dough (生面团).The method has two levels of robotic reasoning: one that thinks how it should approach the overall task, and the other that thinks how it should move its “hands” to perform each action．The result was better than with the usual programming techniques.“We got a little bit closer to the right shape than the former methods,” Held says．“‘But there’s still a lot of room for improvement.”
For now, people will continue to make pizza the old-fashioned way: with their own hands.Sill, a pizza-making robot is a good goal.And if a robot could deal with dough, it could also work with other objects that can change shapes.“You can imagine robots helping in hospitals, or robots that clean up toys in day cares,” Held says.“The general goal is to eventually have robots that can help with whatever the task may be.”
9．What does the underlined word “squishy” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Soft. B．Dirty. C．Plain. D．Precious.
10．What is a challenge for pizza-making robots
A．Separating flour from water.
B．Doing all the steps in order.
C．Using several tools at once.
D．Repeating the same actions.
11．What does paragraph 3 mainly talk about
A．Methods of moving a pizza.
B．Problems with pizza making.
C．Improvements to the pizza robot.
D．Suggestions on how to make pizza.
12．What does Held say about the development of robots in the future
A．They will help humans in different fields.
B．They will replace humans to do all the work.
C．They will do better than humans in day cares.
D．They will do whatever task as well as humans.
If a woman has an extra piece of cake, don’t blame it on greed, blame it on her brain.
Scientists have found that women’s brains react to food very differently — and much more strongly — than men’s. Academics found that decades of dieting pressure on women and advertising have programmed certain parts of the female brain to react strongly when faced with any kind of food. Men, on the other hand, are not usually as obsessive (着迷的) about what they eat.
Dr. Rudolf Uher and his colleagues at the Institute of Psychiatry in King’s College London used brain scanning technology, known as functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI：功能性磁共振成像), to look at the brains of eighteen men and women.
The volunteers were given images of food to look at, as well as food to taste. Their brain reactions were observed by the scientists.
They found that the female brains reacted much more strongly than those of males.
The same reaction did not happen when they were shown non food images. The team believe this means women think more about food than men tend to do.
Dr. Uher said, “This could be related to biological differences between men and women. But the more likely explanation is that women have a more complicated reaction to food because of social pressure.”
Professor Carey Cooper, psychology and health professor at Lancaster University, said, “For centuries women have had a providing role — preparing and cooking food for their families. And it’s part of that role to make sure the food is safe. They will therefore be much more sensitive to food than men are, and I would not be surprised if that was now built into their DNA．If the female brain reacts to food because it historically has developed neural (神经的) pathways to do this, then food will be the way they express their stress. Food actually, is a comfort for women.”
But other experts have said that more research must be done before the results can be proved. American scientist Angelo del Parigi of the John B．Pierce Laboratory in New Haven, Connecticut, said, “Looking at an fMRI alone cannot make sure whether the stronger reaction in women is due to innate (天生的) differences or a learned process.”
13．Dr. Uher and his colleagues carried out the research by comparing ________.
A．fMRI’s effectiveness on women and men
B．women’s and men’s reaction to different images
C．volunteers’ reaction to food before and after meals
D．volunteers’ reaction to different kinds of food
14．According to Professor Carey Cooper, women ______.
A．turn to food when they feel sad
B．are stressed because of food safety
C．accept their social role from the heart
D．are satisfied with preparing food for their families
15．What was Angelo del Parigi’s attitude towards the research results
A．Surprised. B．Doubtful.
C．Uninterested. D．Curious.
People favor humor, as it lights up daily moments, eases awkwardness and makes every interaction warm and enjoyable. This magic of humor doesn’t just work in daily life; it also shines in the field of science, especially online. 16
Firstly, humor simplifies tough scientific knowledge. 17 For example, explaining AI in self-driving cars with a funny analogy about “machines learning like clumsy toddlers” makes abstract ideas easy for non-professional groups to understand. 18 Scientists sharing clever and humorous stories about laboratory experiments on social media often attract more interactions than dry academic posts. Additionally, humor humanizes scientists, as seen in popular science lectures where light-hearted jokes help audiences feel closer to researchers.
19 The hidden risks deserve our attention. If the content itself is untrue, humor can even replace facts, leading the audience to form wrong opinions about scientific knowledge just based on the amusing posts they see. Overusing sarcasm or negative humor also has the opposite effect, as it will quickly make scientists lose the public’s trust and damage their credibility.
Proper humor use requires a balance between vivid expression and professional precision. It should neither overshadow the core scientific information nor be so shallow that it loses seriousness. 20 Scientists who master this balance can effectively narrow the divide with the public, making science more welcoming and popular.
A．Overuse harms professionalism.
B．It also boosts audience engagement effectively.
C．It helps break the impression of scientists being cold and distant.
D．A little humor can greatly enhance scientists’ communication effect.
E．Humor in scientific communication is a double-edged sword, though.
F．It’s a helper in making complex concepts understandable to ordinary people.
G．It is believed humor needs to be used with great care in such communication.
二、完形填空
I walked into the room. 20 years have gone by since I graduated from high school, but seeing 21 faces brought me back to my youth at once.
Dreamlike. That’s the best way to 22 my 20-year high school reunion (聚会). 23 and excited, I recognized (认出) many 24 . No one seemed to 25 ! The women all looked the same as before, and the men too.
The high school years are filled with 26 . It’s a period in life when you are trying to know who you are, or simply trying to 27 with others. There are disagreements and there is plenty of stress (压力). But here’s the thing: none of that 28 years later. It doesn’t matter whether you were popular or had straight A’s.
20 years later, none of that matters. 29 isn’t measured (衡量) by the car that you drive or how much money you make. Success is what holds real 30 in your life — your happiness, your family and your relationships. Success is living 31 and making a difference.
As I said my goodbyes, I took one last look at this 32 . There’s something special about your teenage friends. You can 33 where you left off, even if it’s been 20 years. I’m thankful for the 34 I made as a teenager. I’ll see you all in 10 years and hear where 35 takes us next.
21．A．old B．famous C．different D．fresh
22．A．change B．describe C．organize D．forget
23．A．Tired B．Confident C．Nervous D．Proud
24．A．neighbors B．leaders C．teachers D．classmates
25．A．agree B．move C．care D．age
26．A．challenges B．information C．hope D．ideas
27．A．discuss B．fit in C．work D．check in
28．A．appears B．fails C．matters D．ends
29．A．Truth B．Success C．Kindness D．Knowledge
30．A．meaning B．money C．control D．interest
31．A．quietly B．comfortably C．bravely D．fully
32．A．school B．family C．couple D．group
33．A．think of B．pick up C．depend on D．look at
34．A．friendships B．decision C．promises D．progress
35．A．history B．education C．life D．society
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Each morning, 68-year-old amateur cyclist Cui Yue starts his ride along the Tanglai Canal in Yinchuan, capital of northwest China’s Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region, 36 (enjoy) the picturesque natural seeneries. 37 (Cycle) along the canal allows him to experience the city’s improving ecology.
The over-2,000-year-old canal that Cui frequents 38 (build) during the Han Dynasty (202 BC — AD 220). It aimed at bringing the Yellow River water to present-day Ningxia 39 helping turn the region with tracts (大片土地) of deserts into arable land. Through the ages, it is still functioning as an ecological corridor and is the largest 40 (natural) flowing trunk canal in the Yellow River irrigation area.
Along the canal’s 75-km section running through urban Yinchuan, several parks have been built with walking and cycling 41 (route), contributing to the city’s expanding green space 42 (map) out for public leisure.
Thanks to 43 (technology) innovations, water-saving measures, and environmental protection, the water volume in Tanglai Canal has increased about fivefold 44 1 billion cubic meters in the past few years, irrigating farmland for 185 days a year. “Tanglai Canal is a great ancient water conservancy project in Ningxia, 45 still benefits local people more than 2,000 years later,” said Cui. “The ancient canal will inject more vitality into the agricultural and ecological development of cities along it.”
四、书信写作
46．假定你是李华，你校将举办主题为“Youth and Efforts”国际交换生英语演讲比赛，请你写一封邮件，鼓励英国交换生Alex参加。内容包括：
1．告知赛事；
2．鼓励参加。
注意：1．写作词数应为80个左右；
2．请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear Alex,
______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
五、书面表达
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
Jack and Bruce are good friends. They are both in Grade Six and love hanging out together in their small fishing town.
One day, they decided to climb an ancient volcanic hill on a small island near their town to celebrate their last days of primary school. Though the two boys had been to the island many times before, Bruce’s parents were worried about them. With quick reassurance（保证）, Bruce raced out the door to meet Jack.
Passing by a giant sculpture of a whale, Jack thought of the whales in the sea. Both of the boys are whale lovers. They have raised hundreds of pounds towards saving them, but they know they need to do even more. Maybe being in high school will help
Since the island is not very far away from the mainland, soon they were nearly at the island. Suddenly, they heard a strange noise. Could it be coming from the many nesting birds on the island
Determined to work out the mystery, they began to search. To their shock, they discovered a whale that had been trapped in a fishing net. In order to free the poor creature, they repeatedly dived down into the freezing sea to cut the net, but eventually, they were worn out. With a storm rolling in, they had to admit defeat.
As they rowed back, Bruce and Jack discussed what they should do next. They knew they couldn’t leave the whale trapped like that. They had to do something.
Back at home, they told their parents what they had found, and together they came up with a plan. They would raise money to hi re a boat with a bigger engine. They would also ask local businesses and people to donate food for the whale. Then they went door to door in the town, asking for help. Luckily, many local people offered to join them to rescue the trapped whale.
注意：1.续写词数应为150左右；
2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
The next day, the storm blew over and the sky cleared.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
They stopped the boat not far away from the whale.
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
《湖南汉寿县第一中学2025-2026学年高二下学期7月期末英语试题》参考答案
题号 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10
答案 B A C A B A C C A B
题号 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
答案 C A B A B D F B E A
题号 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
答案 A B C D D A B C B A
题号 31 32 33 34 35
答案 D D B A C
1．B 2．A 3．C 4．A
5．B 6．A 7．C 8．C
9．A 10．B 11．C 12．A
13．B 14．A 15．B
16．D 17．F 18．B 19．E 20．A
21．A 22．B 23．C 24．D 25．D 26．A 27．B 28．C 29．B 30．A 31．D 32．D 33．B 34．A 35．C
36．to enjoy 37．Cycling 38．was built 39．and 40．naturally 41．routes 42．mapped 43．technological 44．to 45．which
46．Dear Alex,
I’m writing to tell you that our school will hold an English speech contest themed “Youth and Efforts” for international exchange students. It will take place in the school hall next Friday.
As a native English speaker, you have a natural advantage. The contest offers a great chance to share your unique views on youth and efforts with peers from different countries. It’s also a valuable opportunity to practice your public speaking and make more friends here.
Don’t hesitate to sign up. I’m sure you’ll shine! I’m looking forward to your participation.
Yours,
Li Hua
47． The next day, the storm blew over and the sky cleared. Bruce, Jack, their parents, and the volunteers they had rallied, set out early in the morning aboard the newly rented boat, its engine roaring with promise. The sea, now calmer, mirrored the serenity of the freshly washed sky above. Spirits were high as they navigated towards the island, each person on board carrying the weight of hope and determination to save the trapped whale.
They stopped the boat not far away from the whale. The team sprang into action, dividing themselves into smaller groups with specific tasks. With a nod from the team leader, the divers plunged into the chilly water, their breaths held in anticipation. As the net gradually loosened, the whale seemed to sense the progress, its movements becoming less strained. With one final strategic cut, the whale was freed from its aquatic prison. Back on the boat, cheers erupted, and tears of joy mixed with the salty sea breeze. For Bruce and Jack, this adventure marked not only the end of their primary school years but the beginning of a lifelong commitment to making a difference in the world.

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