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Unit 7 Feel the Rhythm (语法讲练）
【知识讲解】
一、定语从句基础概念
【1】思维导图 (本单元我们将学习由关系代词引导的定语从句)
【2】定语从句定义
　　在复合句中,修饰一个名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。英语中的定语从句放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,一般用关系代词或副词来引导。例如:
①He is the boy. 他是那个男孩。
②We want to look for the boy. 我们想找这个男孩。
我们可以把这两个句子合并为一个定语从句，即:
He is the boy who (whom) we want to look for.
　 　先行词 　关系词
【3】先行词和关系词
【先行词】先行词是被修饰的名词或代词。
【关系词】关系词是用来引导定语从句的词。
包括关系代词(who, whom, whose, that, which)和关系副词(where, when, why)。
当关系代词作从句的主语时,谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。
本单元我们将学习由关系代词引导的定语从句。如:
①The man who/that is playing the piano is my music teacher. 正在弹钢琴的那个人是我的音乐老师。
②This is the man who helped me. 这就是帮助过我的那个人。
③That is the girl (whom/who) I have taught. 那就是我教过的女孩。
二、关系代词引导的定语从句
【1】关系代词who和whom →先行词是“人”
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例 句 备 注
who 人 主语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother
whom 人 宾语 ①Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. ②The boy (whom) she loved died in the war.. 例句①中whom不能省略
whom在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略(例句① )，也不可以用that。
【2】关系代词which →先行词是“物”
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例 句 备 注
which 物 主语、 宾语 ①The picture which was about the accident was terrible. 【作主语】 ②The book (which) I gave you was worth $10. 【作宾语】 ③The house in which they used to live is now a shop. 例句③中which不能省略
which在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略(例句③ )，也不可以用that。
【3】关系代词that →先行词是“人”或“物”
关系词 先行词 从句成分 例 句 备 注
that 人或物 主语、 宾语 ①A plane is a machine that can fly. ②She is the pop star (that) I want to see very much. ③This is the pen (that) I lost yesterday. 例句②③中that都能省略
that在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，先行词可以是人，也可以是物。 但介词提前时后面关系代词不可以用that。如: The house in which they used to live is now a shop. (不能说in that ) Mr. Smith is the person with whom I am working. (不能说with that )
【 】即学即练:
1.（2025·甘肃平凉·一模）—I heard that Huang Xuhua still worked hard on national defense (防御) research in his nineties.
—That’s true. His spirit ______ never gives up encourages me a lot.
A．what B．that C．whether D．how
2.（2025·江苏扬州·二模）The officer shook his head. “Last month, he stole money from a student 1 tried to help him. Don’t trust strangers too easily.”
1．A．whom B．which C．who D．what
【参考答案】1.B 2.C
【4】定语从句中只能用that的情况
⑴ 先行词为不定代词 all, none, few, little, much, something, anything, nothing, everything等等。
⑵ 先行词被all, each, few, little, much, some, any, no, every,等修饰时。
⑶ 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级所修饰，或本身是序数词、形容词最高级。
⑷ 先行词被the only, the very, the same, the last, the next修饰时。
⑸ 先行词同时指人和指物时。
⑹ 在以which, who开头的的特殊疑问句时,为避免重复。
例句填空:在横线上填入正确的关系代词。
1. Is there anything ________ I can do for you 有什么我能为你做的事吗？
2. He told me everything ________ he knew. 他把他知道的一切都告诉了我。
3. All the apples ________ fell from the tree were eaten by the pigs.从树上掉下来的所有苹果都被猪吃了。
4. There is no time ________ we can waste.我们没有时间可以浪费。
5. This is the first novel ________ I have ever read.这是我读过的第一本小说。
6. That is the most interesting film ________ I have seen.那是我看过的最有趣的电影。
7. She is the only student ________ passed the test.她是唯一通过测试的学生。
8. He is the last person ________ I want to see.他是我最不想见到的人。
9. We talked about the teachers and schools ________ we had visited.我们谈论了我们拜访过的老师和学校。
10. I can still remember the people and the stories ________ I heard.我仍然记得我听到过的那些人和故事。
11. Which is the bag ________ you bought last week 哪个是你上周买的包？
12. Who is the man ________ is standing at the door 站在门口的那个人是谁？
【参考答案】1-6: that; that; that; that; that; that;
7-12: that; that; that; that; that; that
【5】定语从句中只能用which的情况
⑴ 介词后面不能用that ，指人只能用whom, 指物只能用which
⑵ 在非限制性定语从句中，即逗号后面不能用that ，指人，做主语用who, 宾语用whom; 指物只能用which
⑶ 指代前面整个句子，不能用that，只能用which，翻译成中文为“这”。
例句填空:在横线上填入正确的关系代词。
1. This is the house in ________ I lived last year.这就是我去年住过的房子。
2. The tool with ________ he repaired the bike is very old.他用来修自行车的工具很旧了。
3. The book, ________ I bought yesterday, is very popular.这本书我昨天买的，现在很受欢迎。
4. His new car, ________ cost him a lot of money, was stolen last night.他那辆花了很多钱买的新车昨晚被偷了。
5. He passed the exam, ________ made his parents very happy.他通过了考试，这让他的父母非常开心。
6. She refused to help me, ________ was a big disappointment.她拒绝帮我，这让我很失望。
【参考答案】1-6: which; which; which; which; which; which
【6】定语从句解题方法：
Step 1：判定所引导的从句为定语从句；
Step 2：找准先行词，判断先行词指人还是指物， 以及关系词在定语从句中所作的成分：
①who/that(指人，作主语、宾语)、which/ that(指物，作主语、宾语、表语)、whom (指人，作宾语)；
Step 3: 判断是否属于特殊情况：先行词指物时，只用that不用which或只用which不用that的情况。 易错点
【同步检测】
【Part 1】中考真题
1．（2025·西藏·中考真题）The story ________ my grandfather told me about Qian Xuesen is touching.
A．who B．whom C．whose D．which
2．（2025·四川乐山·中考真题）Chengdu is a city in China ________ has two airports because of the opening of Chengdu Tianfu International Airport.
A．where B．who C．that
3．（2025·黑龙江·中考真题）The high-technology clothes ________ the players wore helped them perform better in the 9th Asian Winter Games.
A．that B．who C．what
4．（2025·黑龙江绥化·中考真题）—Did you watch the most exciting dance ________ was performed by robots during the Spring Festival Gala of the Year of the Snake
—Yes, it was amazing.
A．which B．that C．who
5．（2025·四川遂宁·中考真题）—What kinds of after-school activities do you like
—I like those activities ________ are about P.E. and art.
A．who B．whom C．which D．/
6．（2025·四川达州·中考真题）—What kind of music do you like
—I like music ________ I can dance to. When I hear the songs, I’m full of energy.
A．what B．why C．that
7．（2025·四川成都·中考真题）It’s hard to say goodbye to the teachers ________ have spent the past three years with us.
A．which B．who C．what
8．（2024·内蒙古呼和浩特·中考真题）Some people think that success is only for those with talent or those ________ grow up in the right family, while others believe that success mostly comes down to hard work.
A．who B．whose C．which D．whom
9．（2024·西藏·中考真题）Although my grandfather is over 90 years old, he still remembers the people ________ he met when he was young.
A．who B．when C．where D．which
10．（2024·四川乐山·中考真题）—I’ll never forget the experiences ______ we had in the volunteer work last summer.
—Me too. The 3 days were meaningful and full of fun.
A．when B．who C．that
【Part 2】教材例句翻译练习。
1.我喜欢能讲述故事的传统音乐。(that/ which)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
2.我更喜欢充满喜悦和庆祝氛围的音乐。(that/ which)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
3.我们想找出所有人都喜欢的那种音乐。(that/ which)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
4.我在大学里遇到的那个穿紫色衣服的女孩是一位有天赋的诗人。(who/that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
5.站在音乐厅附近的那位女警察会帮助你。(who/that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
6.他们正在演奏一首由失聪作家创作的优美乐曲。(which/ that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
7.乔治正在听他昨晚下载的一些电子音乐。(which/ that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
8.他们喜欢能触动心灵并让他们微笑的音乐。(which/ that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
9.他是一个害羞的男孩，觉得和别人交流很困难。(who/ that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
10.他也是一位天才作曲家，留下了200多首音乐作品。(who/ that)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________
【同步检测】
【Part 1】中考真题
【参考答案】1-5 DCABC 6-10 CBAAC
【Part 2】教材例句翻译练习。
1.我喜欢能讲述故事的传统音乐。(that/which)
I love traditional music that/which tells a story.
2.我更喜欢充满喜悦和庆祝氛围的音乐。(that/which)
I prefer music that/ which is full of joy and celebration.
3.我们想找出所有人都喜欢的那种音乐。(that/which)
We want to find out the kind of music (that/which) everyone likes.
4.我在大学里遇到的那个穿紫色衣服的女孩是一位有天赋的诗人。(who/that)
The girl in purple who/that I met at the university is a gifted poet.
5.站在音乐厅附近的那位女警察会帮助你。(who/that)
The policewoman who/ that is standing near the concert hall will help you.
6.他们正在演奏一首由失聪作家创作的优美乐曲。(which/ that)
They are playing a beautiful music which/that was written by a deaf composer.
7.乔治正在听他昨晚下载的一些电子音乐。(which/that)
George is listening to some electronic music which/that he downloaded last night.
8.他们喜欢能触动心灵并让他们微笑的音乐。(which/ that)
They love music which/that touches their hearts and makes them smile.
9.他是一个害羞的男孩，觉得和别人交流很困难。(who/ that)
He is a shy boy who/that finds it difficult to talk to others.
10.他也是一位天才作曲家，留下了200多首音乐作品。(who/ that)
He was also a gifted composer who/that left behind more than 200 musical works.

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