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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年沪教版八年级英语上册核心考点精讲精练
（新教材）Unit 6 Wisdom counts
核心词汇
1. 智慧与能力类
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
wisdom / w zd m/ n. 智慧；才智 Learning from others is a sign of wisdom.
wise /wa z/ adj. 明智的；有智慧的 Wise people usually consider different possibilities.
intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj. 有智慧的；聪明的 The captain was not very intelligent.
clever / klev (r)/ adj. 聪明的；机灵的 The Greeks used a clever trick.
smart /smɑ t/ adj. 聪明的；时髦的 He is smart enough to win.
ability / b l ti/ n. 能力；才能 People have figured out how to fly.
knowledge / n l d / n. 知识；学问 Wisdom is more important than knowledge alone.
2. 战争与谋略类
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
soldier / s ld (r)/ n. 士兵 The Greek soldiers climbed out of the wooden horse.
enemy / en mi/ n. 敌人 They made jokes about the stupid Greeks.
victory / v kt ri/ n. 胜利 The Trojans celebrated their victory.
battle / b tl/ n. 战役
attack / t k/ v./n. 攻击 A shark attacked him.
capture / k pt (r)/ v. 攻占；捕获 The Greeks could not capture the city by fighting.
trick /tr k/ n. 计谋；诡计 The Greeks succeeded with a clever trick.
strategy / str t d i/ n. 策略；战略 Wisdom and strategy are key factors.
3. 故事要素类
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
entrance / entr ns/ n. 入口 the main entrance（大门）
midnight / m dna t/ n. 午夜 By midnight, the square was empty.
huge /hju d / adj. 巨大的 a huge wooden horse
wooden / w dn/ adj. 木制的 Outside the main gate stood a huge wooden horse.
empty / empti/ adj. 空的 The square was empty.
fog /f ɡ/ n. 雾 They could not see through the thick fog.
4. 核心动词
词汇 音标 词性 释义 常见搭配/例句
succeed /s k si d/ v. 成功 He succeeded in catching the school bus.
fail /fe l/ v. 失败 They failed many times but never gave up.
pretend /pr tend/ v. 假装
hide /ha d/ v. 藏；隐藏 The Greeks hid soldiers inside the horse.
approach / pr t / v. 接近；靠近
5. 词形转换（高频考点）
原词 词性 转换词 词性 释义
wise adj. wisdom n. 智慧
victory n. victorious adj. 胜利的
empty adj. emptiness n. 空
success n. succeed/successful v./adj. 成功/成功的
difference n. different adj. 不同的
核心短语
分类 短语 释义 例句/来源
谋略相关 come up with 想出；提出 She came up with a good idea.
think twice 三思而行 It's wise to think twice before acting.
figure out 理解；想出 People have figured out how to fly.
work out 解决；算出
make a decision 做决定 Making wise decisions helps us avoid problems.
成功与失败 succeed in doing 成功做某事 They succeeded in capturing it in just one night.
by accident 偶然 a chemical discovered in a breakfast accident
by mistake 错误地
因果与结果 lead to 导致 The development has led to great changes.
as a result 结尾
make a difference 有影响；起作用
时间与状态 no longer 不再 The captain was no longer listening.
at a time 一次，每次 The soldier came down two at a time.
except for 除..之外 The square was empty except for the horse.
核心句型
1. 课文经典句型（特洛伊木马计）
《特洛伊木马计》是主阅读篇章，讲述了希腊军队用智慧攻陷特洛伊城的故事。
| 句型 | 示例 | 说明 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| 地点状语倒装句 | Outside the main gate of the city stood a huge wooden horse. | 地点状语置于句首时，主谓倒装 |
| so...that...结果状语从句 | It’s so big that they couldn’t take it with them. | 如此……以至于…… |
| pull...into... | Get some help and pull it into the city. | 把……拉入…… |
| make jokes about | They made jokes about the stupid Greeks. | 取笑；拿……开玩笑 |
| succeed in doing | In the end, they succeeded in capturing it in just one night. | 成功做某事 |
| no longer | But the captain was no longer listening. | 不再 |
2. 课文经典句型（草船借箭）
Focusing on culture 板块选取了《三国演义》中的“草船借箭”故事，帮助学生进一步理解智慧谋略类故事的特点。
3. 表达智慧重要性的句型
| 句型 | 示例 | 说明 |
| :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- |
| Wisdom is more important than... | Wisdom is more important than knowledge alone. | 智慧比……更重要 |
| be + adj. + enough + to do | The Greek soldiers were smart enough to trick the Trojans. | 足够……以做某事 |
| It’s wise to do | It’s wise to think twice before you act. | 做某事是明智的 |
4. 写作经典句型（讲故事）
写智慧故事时，可按“铺垫场景—展开情节—故事结局”三步法组织文章：
Setting the scene（铺垫场景）：
It was the tenth year of the war.
The Trojans felt excited because they thought they had won.
Developing the story（展开情节）：
The Greek army has tried for ten years to capture our city.
The captain ordered the soldiers to pull the horse into the city.
Ending the story（故事结局）：
The Greek soldiers climbed out of the wooden horse and opened the main gate.
The Greeks won the victory at last.
语法聚焦
本单元的核心语法是一般过去时和现在完成时的辨析与运用。
1. 核心区别
对比维度 一般过去时 现在完成时
核心含义 强调动作发生在过去，与现在无关 强调过去动作对现在造成的影响或结果
时间状语 yesterday, last year, in 2020, two days ago already, yet, ever, never, so far, since, for
例句 I lived in a small village when I was a child. He has finished his homework, so he can watch TV now.
例句 The Greeks captured the city of Troy. They have succeeded in capturing it.
2. 判断技巧
如果句中有明确的过去时间状语（yesterday, last year, in 2020等），用一般过去时
如果强调“到目前为止”的成果或影响，常用现在完成时标志词：already, yet, ever, never, so far, since, for
3. 课文中两种时态的运用
《特洛伊木马计》故事中，叙述过去发生的事件时以一般过去时为主（如 The Greek soldiers climbed out），而在表达“对现在的影响”或“持续到现在的状态”时则用现在完成时（如 The Greek army has tried for ten years）。
4. 易错点提醒
易错点 错误示例 正确示例
误将现在完成时与具体过去时间连用 He has finished his homework yesterday. He finished his homework yesterday.
混淆succeed in doing与succeed to do He succeeded to catch the bus. He succeeded in catching the bus.
1．— ________ has your grandpa lived here —Since last year.
A．How long B．How often C．How soon D．How far
2．The castle was ________ at the top of the hill.
A．located B．repeated C．maintained D．advised
3．When we reach the cinema, the film ________ for 10 minutes.
A．has begun B．has started C．has been on D．has been in
4．— He ________ his hometown two years ago.
— You mean he ________ his hometown for two years.
A．leaves; has left B．left; has come to
C．left; has left D．left; has been away from
5．If you keep practising, you will ________ the game.
A．succeed in B．be tired of C．complain about D．go down
6．He ________ to be asleep when his mother came in.
A．pretended B．located C．relieved D．contained
7．The room was ________, so they could not find any food.
A．empty B．faithful C．major D．normal
8．The enemy started an ________ at night.
A．attack B．effect C．opinion D．image
9．The captain asked everyone to ________ before the ship left.
A．go on board B．make a point of C．figure out D．lie around
10．Tom likes to ________ his classmates, but sometimes it is not kind.
A．make jokes about B．succeed in C．care for D．grow up
11．The soldiers finally won a great ________.
A．victory B．joke C．fog D．litter
12．The treasure was ________ under the floor.
A．hidden B．empty C．awake D．flat
13．The story was written by a famous ________.
A．author B．captain C．servant D．queen
14．I think we will ________ them and we will ________ the basketball match.
A．beat; win B．win; beat C．beat; beat D．win; win
15．The box is full ________ eggs. Who filled it ________ the eggs
A．of; with B．with; of C．with; with D．of; of
16．—Did you learn any other study methods _______ taking notes
—Yes, I learned three. But I have forgotten all _______ a few steps of each.
A．besides; besides B．except; except
C．except; besides D．besides; except
17．The winter comes. It is ________ snow everywhere, and the big tree is ________ snow.
A．full with; covered with B．filled with; covered to
C．full of; covered in D．fill to; covered with
18．Last week, we all went on a school camping trip ________ Lily because she was ill.
A．except B．besides C．beside D．including
19．—I have worked hard on this project for months.
—I’m sure you will ________ if you keep trying.
A．value B．succeed C．express D．create
20．She ________ the book ________ last week.
A．has borrowed; for B．has kept; since
C．has borrowed; since D．has kept; for
21．— Why was he late this morning
— He failed to arrive at the station in time. ________, he missed the train.
A．However B．Otherwise C．Therefore D．Moreover
22．I can do all kinds of housework ________ cooking. I will learn it from my mother.
A．beside B．besides C．except D．without
23．Mr. Li ________ English in our school for 15 years.
A．teaches B．taught C．is teaching D．has taught
24．—I am really lost in Shanghai during the trip this time!
—Yeah. The city________ a lot since you left five years ago.
A．changed B．is changing C．has changed D．will change
25．We all went to the museum ________ Tina. She was ill and had to stay at home.
A．except B．besides C．with D．for
26．It doesn’t ________ if you are late for the party; we can wait for you.
A．matter B．mind C．manage D．mention
27．If you don’t work hard, you will probably ________ the exam.
A．fail B．pass C．succeed D．complete
28．There is still much to discuss. ________, we shall return to this topic at our next meeting.
A．Otherwise B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore
29．Jim got up late this morning; ________, he missed the train.
A．therefore B．otherwise C．because D．moreover
30．My family has lived in Tianjin ________ 2020.
A．for B．since C．in D．on
31．—How long have you ________ this book
—For two weeks.
A．bought B．borrowed C．kept D．lent
32．Do not wait for good things to happen. You need to walk ________ happiness.
A．towards B．from C．behind D．around
33．You must study hard at your lessons, or you may ________ the exam again.
A．fail B．show C．miss D．design
34．Since 2021, our school ________ all kinds of after-school services for students.
A．provides B．will provide C．has provided D．was providing
35．There was heavy ________ early this morning. However, it turned ________ after lunch.
A．fog；sunny B．fogs；sunny C．foggy；sun D．foggy；suns
36．My grandma ________ in this village ________ she was a little girl.
A．lived; since B．has lived; since C．lived; for D．has lived; for
37．Jack ________ in Beijing since last summer.
A．stays B．was staying C．will stay D．has stayed
38．—Hey, did you hear that William _________ the high jump at the school sports meet
—Yeah, he practiced hard, and he deserves the victory.
A．succeeded in B．took part in C．dealt with D．pointed out
39．I ________ back in the UK for three days, but it ________ like a century.
A．have been; feels B．am; feel C．have been; feel D．am; felt
40．When the little boy saw his mother waiting at the school gate, he quickly ran _________ her with a big smile.
A．towards B．after C．away D．out
41．— Are all your classmates coming to the New Year’s concert
— Yes, ________ Li Hua. He went back to see his grandparents yesterday.
A．except B．beside C．through D．against
42．Tom exercises every day. ________, he is strong and healthy.
A．Besides B．Moreover C．However D．Therefore
43．The concert will start at 7 p.m. ______, we’d better arrive at the theatre before 6:30 p.m.
A．Moreover B．However C．Therefore D．Besides
44．Jim has learned a lot about Chinese culture ________ he began to study in our school.
A．after B．when C．until D．since
45．—How many English words ______ you ______ since last year
—About 800 new words.
A．did; learn B．have; learned C．were; learning D．do; learn
46．—I’m excited about China’s Tiangong Station plan.
—Me, too. We took another big step ________ our space dream.
A．inside B．across C．towards D．through
47．All my friends went to the park ______ Mike. He was ill at home.
A．besides B．with C．except D．for
48．—Who went to the party last night
—Everyone went ________ Tom. He had to stay at home to study.
A．except B．beside C．expect D．besides
49．We all went to the museum ________ Tina. She was ill and had to stay in bed.
A．besides B．beside C．except D．with
50．All the people went home ________ Miss Wang because she had to finish her report.
A．with B．besides C．through D．except
51．—Why was he late again
—He arrived at the station late. ________, he missed the early train.
A．However B．Besides C．Though D．Therefore
52．I joined the school book club last month. Since then, I __________ three interesting novels.
A．read B．have read C．am reading D．was reading
53．We ________ a lot of happy moments with each other since we first met.
A．have shared B．were sharing C．will share D．can share
54．Mr. Green_________ in Beijing since 2002.
A．lives B．lived C．has lived D．was living
55．— John, you ________ the computer game for two hours. It’s bad for your eyes.
—OK, Mum. I’ll finish it soon.
A．were playing B．have played C．played D．play
56．With the help of my teacher, I ________ a lot about Chinese culture since last year.
A．am learning B．learned C．learn D．have learned
57．— Did you study any other languages ________ English when you were at college
— Yes, I studied three. But I have forgotten all ________ a few words of each.
A．besides; except B．except; besides C．except; except D．besides; besides
58．We can see all the colors of the rainbow ________ black and white.
A．besides B．beside C．except D．including
59．I ________ this book for three weeks. I have to return it now.
A．borrowed B．have kept C．have borrowed D．kept
60．Lily’s aunt is a writer. She ________ more than ten books since 1980.
A．writes B．wrote C．has written D．will write
61．Susan ________ her comic works on her blog for more than 2 years.
A．shares B．shared C．has been sharing D．has shared
62．—Alice, would you like to go hiking with us today
—What a pity (可惜)! I am free every day ________ today.
A．for B．besides C．except D．among
63．All the students took part in the art festival ________ Tom because he was sick that day.
A．among B．with C．except D．against
64．Ι ________ a lot in swimming since I joined the swimming club last year.
A．improve B．improved C．have improved D．will improve
65．The box is full of books. You can see some of them on the floor.
A．is filled of B．is full with C．is filled with D．filled with
66．Let’s ________ our hearts with love and we will see the world around us become more beautiful.
A．share B．feed C．mix D．fill
67．With his new camera, Tom wants to ________ the beautiful moments of the sunset over the lake this weekend.
A．capture B．create C．change D．collect
68．When the head teacher of Class 5 was ill, Mr. Li had to ________ her work, like checking students’ homework and preparing lesson plans.
A．take out B．take over C．take off D．take back
69．The police came and ordered the crowd ________ at once.
A．leave B．to leave C．leaving D．leaves
70．You have to get home ________ 10 o’clock.
A．with B．in C．on D．by
71．Ben, the fridge is ________ now. It’s time to go to the supermarket.
A．empty B．huge C．full D．fresh
72．Lucy eats noodles for breakfast every day, so she ________ them now and wants to try bread instead.
A．is proud of B．is fond of C．is afraid of D．is tired of
73．The underground was so full that I could hardly turn ________.
A．off B．around C．over D．out
74．Look! The museum is on ________ of the street.
A．other side B．other sides C．the other sides D．the other side
75．Please ________ the glass with water before you give it to your little sister.
A．fill B．full C．put D．take
76．Lily got a new storybook from her parents, and her little sister ________ her because she also wanted the same book.
A．was jealous of B．was proud of C．was afraid of D．was tired of
77．When walking in the forest, we should be careful—some small animals may ________ us if they feel in danger.
A．attach B．attract C．attack D．attempt
78．Our school basketball team worked hard and finally ________ the team from No.5 Middle School in yesterday’s match.
A．beat B．win C．lose D．watch
79．You can find the post office ________ 2 kilometers from our school—let’s walk there together.
A．within B．beyond C．across D．between
80．Lily studies English hard every day; ________, she gets good grades in English tests.
A．however B．therefore C．besides D．though
81．Tom didn’t prepare for his speech, so he ________ to express his ideas clearly in front of the class.
A．helped B．failed C．fell D．passed
82．He and his parents ________ Shanghai for ten years.
A．have been in B．have been to C．have gone to D．have been
83．— I ________ my homework yet. How about you, Jack
— Oh, I ________it a moment ago.
didn’t do; finish B．haven’t done; finished
C．haven’t done; have finished D．don’t do; finish
84．My mom asked me to ________ the trash after dinner, and then help her take up a new hobby like gardening.
A．take out B．take over C．take off D．take back
85．We should be kind to our classmates and never ________ their looks or mistakes—it will hurt their feelings.
A．make jokes about B．take care of C．look forward to D．pay attention to
86．If you don’t practice playing the piano every day, you may ________ to play the new song well in the school show.
A．fight B．pass C．fail D．kick
87．Grandpa often tells me stories from his life—his words are full of ________ that helps me solve many problems.
A．strength B．wisdom C．encouragement D．ability
88．Emma got the first prize in the competition! Let’s have a party to ________.
A．encourage B．celebrate C．understand D．develop
89．Tom didn’t want his friends to know he was reading a storybook in class, so he ________ put the book under his desk.
A．clearly B．happily C．carefully D．secretly
90．This room looks tidy ________ a few books left on the desk. Let’s put them on the bookshelf.
A．except B．except for C．besides D．beside
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
参考答案及试题解析
1．A
【解析】句意：——你爷爷住在这里多久了？——自从去年以来。
How long多久；How often多久一次；How soon多久以后；How far多远。根据答语“Since last year.”可知，此处是对爷爷居住的时间长度进行提问，应用How long。
2．A
【解析】句意：城堡坐落在山顶。
located位于；repeated重复；maintained维持；advised建议。根据“the top of the hill”可知，是在描述城堡的地理位置，be located at表示“位于……”。应填located。
3．C
【解析】句意：当我们到达电影院时，电影已经开始10分钟了。
has begun/started是现在完成时，但begin和start为瞬间动词，不能与表示一段时间的“for 10 minutes”连用；has been on表示“电影已上映”，be on是可持续状态，可与时间段连用；has been in通常表示“在某地”，不符合句意。应填has been on。
4．D
【解析】句意：——他两年前离开了家乡。——你的意思是他离开家乡两年了。
第一空根据时间状语“two years ago”可知句子用一般过去时，动词用left；第二空根据“for two years”可知句子用现在完成时，且谓语动词需用延续性动词，leave是短暂性动词，不能与时间段连用，需变为be away from。
5．A
【解析】句意：如果你坚持练习，你将会在这场比赛中取得成功。
succeed in在……方面取得成功，后接名词the game，符合“坚持练习就能在比赛中获胜”的积极语境；be tired of厌倦……，与坚持练习的逻辑矛盾；complain about抱怨……，语义不通；go dow下降；输掉，不符合题意。will后接动词原形，succeed为动词原形，结构正确。
6．A
【解析】句意：当他妈妈进来时，他假装睡着了。
pretended假装；located位于；relieved缓解；contained包含。根据“when his mother came in”，表示妈妈进来的时候他“假装”睡着，pretend to be...意为“假装是……”，pretended符合语境。
7．A
【解析】句意：房间是空的，所以他们找不到任何食物。
empty空的；faithful忠诚的；major主要的；normal正常的。根据“so they could not find any food”可知找不到食物，推测房间是空的。
8．A
【解析】句意：敌人在晚上发动了一次进攻。
attack攻击；effect影响；opinion观点；image形象。根据“The enemy”可知，敌人会在晚上发动“攻击”。应填attack。
9．A
【解析】句意：船长要求在船离开前每个人都登船。
go on board登船；make a point of必定做；figure out弄清楚；lie around懒散度日。根据“before the ship left”可知，船离开前大家需要上船。
10．A
【解析】句意：汤姆喜欢开他同学的玩笑，但有时这并不友善。
make jokes about开……的玩笑；succeed in在……方面成功；care for关心，照顾；grow up长大。根据转折连词“but”及后半句“sometimes it is not kind”可知，空格处应填入一个可能带有负面含义的动作。make jokes about可能伤害他人感情，符合语境。
11．A
【解析】【解析】：句意：士兵们最终赢得了一场伟大的胜利。
victory胜利；joke玩笑；fog雾；litter垃圾。根据“The soldiers”（士兵）和“won”（赢得）可知，此处指赢得胜利，符合语境。
12．A
【解析】句意：宝藏被藏在地板下面。
hidden隐藏的；empty空的；awake醒着的；flat平的。根据“The treasure”和“under the floor”可知，宝藏通常是被藏起来的，应填hidden。
13．A
【解析】句意：这个故事是一位著名的作者写的。
author作者；captain船长、队长；servant仆人；queen女王。根据“The story was written by”可知故事是被写的，推测出是由作者写的。故选A。
14．A
【解析】句意：我认为我们将击败他们，我们将赢得篮球比赛。
beat击败（后接对手）；win赢得（后接比赛、奖品等）。第一空后为“them”指对手，应用beat；第二空后为“the basketball match”指比赛，应用win。
15．A
【解析】句意：这个箱子装满了鸡蛋。是谁把它装满鸡蛋的？
of……的；with用……。be full of为固定短语，表示“充满……”，强调状态；fill...with...为固定短语，表示“用……装满……”，强调动作。第一空形容箱子状态，用介词of；第二空描述装蛋动作，用介词with。
16．D
【解析】句意：——除了记笔记，你还学了其他的学习方法吗？——是的，我学了三种。但除了每个方法的几个步骤外，我全忘了。
besides除……之外还（包括在内）；except除……之外（不包括在内）。第一空问“除了记笔记，还学了其他方法吗”，记笔记包含在内，应用besides；第二空表示“除几个步骤外全忘了”，步骤为排除在外剩下的部分，应用except。
17．C
【解析】句意：冬天来了。到处都布满雪，大树被雪覆盖。
第一空，full with错误搭配；filled with充满（be filled with侧重动作）；full of充满（be full of侧重状态）；fill to错误搭配。表示“布满雪”，用be full of snow；第二空，covered with被……覆盖；covered to错误搭配；covered in被……覆盖。表示“被雪覆盖”，可用be covered with/in；综合两空及选项，C选项的两空均正确，故填full of; covered in。
18．A
【解析】句意：上周，除莉莉外我们所有人都参加了学校露营，因为她生病了。
except除……之外（不包括在内）；besides除……之外（包括在内）；beside在……旁边；including包括。根据后句“because she was ill”可知，莉莉生病了，没有参加露营，因此她是不包括在内的，应填except。
19．B
【解析】句意：——我为这个项目努力工作了几个月。——如果你继续尝试，我相信你会成功的。
value重视；succeed成功；express表达；create创造。根据上文“I work hard on this project for months”及空格后“if you keep trying”可知，此处是指坚持努力会“成功”，应填succeed。
20．B
【解析】句意：她从上周起就一直保留着这本书。
since后接过去的时间点，for后接一段时间，“last week”是过去的时间点，第二空应填since；现在完成时中与since或for连用表示持续状态时，动词需用延续性动词，borrow是短暂性动词，keep是延续性动词，第一空应填has kept。
21．C
【解析】句意：——他今天早上为什么迟到了？——他没能及时到达车站，因此错过了火车。
However然而，表示转折；Otherwise否则，表示相反的结果；Therefore因此，表示因果关系；Moreover此外，表示递进。前半句“他没能及时到达车站”是原因，后半句“错过了火车”是结果，二者是因果关系，Therefore符合语境。应填Therefore。
22．C
【解析】句意：我会做各种家务，除了做饭。我会向妈妈学习做饭。
beside在……旁边；besides除……之外（还包括）；except除……之外（不包括）；without没有。根据“I will learn it from my mother”可知，“我”目前还不会做饭，因此是不包括做饭在内的家务，except符合语境。
23．D
【解析】句意：李老师已经在我们学校教了15年英语了。“for 15 years”表示从过去持续到现在的动作，是现在完成时的标志，应填“has taught”。
24．C
【解析】句意：——这次旅行我在上海真的迷路了！——是的。自从你五年前离开以来，这座城市已经发生了很大变化。
根据时间状语“since you left five years ago”可知，主句应该用现在完成时，表示过去发生的动作对现在造成的影响。应填has changed。
25．A
【解析】句意：除了蒂娜，我们都去了博物馆。她生病了，不得不在家待着。
except除了（不包括在内）；besides除了（包括在内）；with和……一起；for为了。根据后句“She was ill and had to stay at home”可知，蒂娜生病在家，没有去博物馆，应用except表示“除……之外（不包括）”，应填except。
26．A
【解析】句意：如果你聚会迟到也没关系；我们可以等你。
matter要紧，有关系；mind介意；manage管理；mention提及。根据后半句“we can wait for you”可知，迟到并不重要，It doesn’t matter意为“没关系”，符合语境。
27．A
【解析】句意：如果你不努力学习，你很可能会考试不及格。
fail失败，不及格；pass通过；succeed成功；complete完成。根据“If you don’t work hard”可知，如果不努力，考试可能不及格。应填fail。
28．D
【解析】句意：仍有许多事情要讨论。因此，我们将在下次会议上再讨论这个话题。
Otherwise否则；Moreover而且；However然而；Therefore因此。根据“There is still much to discuss”以及“we shall return to this topic at our next meeting”可知，前后句是因果关系，应填Therefore。
29．A
【解析】句意：吉姆今天早上起晚了；因此，他错过了火车。
therefore因此；otherwise否则；because因为；moreover而且。根据“Jim got up late this morning”以及“he missed the train”可知，前后是因果关系，前句起晚了是原因，后句错过火车是结果，应填therefore。
30．B
【解析】句意：我们家从2020年起就一直住在天津。
for长达；since自从；in在……之内；on在 (具体某一天)。根据“has lived”可知句子是现在完成时，“2020”是具体的时间点，应用since连接。
31．C
【解析】句意：——你保留这本书多长时间了？——两周了。
bought买；borrowed借入；kept保存，保留；lent借出。根据“How long”和“For two weeks”可知，句子强调动作持续了一段时间，谓语动词需用延续性动词，“kept”符合。
32．A
【解析】句意：不要等着好事发生。你需要朝着幸福走去。
towards朝，向；from来自；behind在……后面；around在……周围。根据“You need to walk...happiness”可知，要朝着幸福走去，应填towards。
33．A
【解析】句意：你必须努力学习功课，否则你可能会再次考试不及格。
考查动词辨析。fail失败/未通过；show展示；miss错过；design设计。根据前文“You must study hard at your lessons,”可知，如果不努力学习，结果可能是考试不及格。fail the exam是固定搭配，意为“考试不及格”。故选A。
34．C
【解析】句意：自2021年以来，我们学校为学生们提供了各种课后服务。
考查现在完成时。“Since 2021”表示“从2021年至今”，强调动作从过去开始持续到现在，应使用现在完成时。故选C。
35．A
【解析】句意：今天清晨有大雾。然而，午饭后天气转晴了。
第一空：“there was heavy”后接不可数名词，fog（雾）为不可数名词，无复数形式；第二空：turn（变得）后接形容词作表语，sunny（晴朗的）为形容词，符合语境；应填fog；sunny。
36．B
【解析】句意：我奶奶自从她还是个小女孩时就一直住在这个村子里。
考查现在完成时与since的用法。lived居住，过去式；has lived一直居住，现在完成时；since自从，后接时间点；for长达，后接时间段。根据句意，动作从过去（小女孩时）持续到现在，需用现在完成时；且此处“she was a little girl”是时间点，应用since。故选B。
37．D
【解析】句意：自从去年夏天杰克就待在北京。
考查动词时态。“since last summer”表示“自从去年夏天”，是现在完成时的标志词，现在完成时的结构是“have/has + 过去分词”。主语“Jack”是第三人称单数，所以用“has”，“stay”的过去分词是“stayed”，故应该用“has stayed”。故选D。
38．A
【解析】句意：——嘿，你听说了吗？威廉在学校运动会上成功完成了跳高比赛。——是的，他努力练习，值得这次胜利。
考查动词短语。succeeded in在……方面成功；took part in参加；dealt with处理；pointed out指出。根据答语“he practiced hard, and he deserves the victory”可知，他努力练习并值得这次胜利，说明他“成功完成了”跳高比赛，而不仅仅是“参加”。故选A。
39．A
【解析】句意：我回到英国已经三天了，但感觉像过了一个世纪。
考查动词时态和主谓一致。have been现在完成时；am一般现在时；feels感觉，第三人称单数形式；feel感觉，动词原形。根据“for three days”可知，第一空用现在完成时；第二个空，“it”作主语时谓语动词需用三单形式。故选A。
40．A
【解析】句意：当小男孩看到妈妈在校门口等着时，他带着灿烂的笑容快速跑向她。
考查介词辨析。towards向，朝；after在……之后；away离开；out 出去。根据“saw his mother waiting”和“with a big smile”可知，男孩是开心地跑向妈妈，表示方向用 towards。故选A。
41．A
【解析】句意：——你所有的同学都来新年音乐会了吗？——是的，除了李华。他昨天回去看他的祖父母了。
考查介词辨析。except除……之外；beside在……旁边；through通过；against反对。根据“He went back to see his grandparents yesterday.”可知，此处说的是除了李华之外都来了，故选A。
42．D
【解析】句意：汤姆每天锻炼。因此，他强壮又健康。
考查副词辨析。Besides此外；Moreover而且；However然而；Therefore因此。根据“Tom exercises every day…he is strong and healthy.”可知，前句“每天锻炼”是后句“强壮又健康”的原因，前后为因果关系，因此应选表示“因此”的Therefore。故选D。
43．C
【解析】句意：音乐会将在晚上7点开始。因此，我们最好在晚上6:30之前到达剧院。
考查副词辨析。Moreover而且；However然而；Therefore因此；Besides此外。“音乐会将在晚上7点开始”与“最好在晚上6:30之前到达剧院”之间是因果关系，后句是前句的结果，应用therefore承接句子。故选C。
44．D
【解析】句意：吉姆自从开始在我们学校学习，就了解了很多中国文化。
考查连词辨析。after在……之后；when当……时候；until直到……为止；since自从。“Jim has learned a lot about Chinese culture”用的是现在完成时，“he began to study in our school”是一般过去时，结合语境可知，此处表达的是“自从开始在我们学校学习就了解了很多中国文化”，since引导的时间状语从句，主句用现在完成时，从句用一般过去时，符合此结构。故选D。
45．B
【解析】句意：——自从去年以来，你学习了多少个英语单词？——大约800个新单词。
考查现在完成时。时间状语“since last year”表示“从去年到现在”，强调从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时“have/has done”。故选B。
46．C
【解析】句意：——我对中国的天宫空间站计划感到兴奋。——我也是。我们在实现太空梦想的道路上又迈出了一大步。
考查介词辨析。inside在……里面；across穿过；towards朝，向；through通过。根据“our space dream”可知，此处表示朝着太空梦想的方向前进了一步，应用towards表示方向。故选C。
47．C
【解析】句意：除了迈克，我所有的朋友都去了公园。他生病在家。
考查介词辨析。besides 除了……还有（包括在内）；with 和……一起；except 除了……（不包括在内）；for 为了。根据后句“He was ill at home.”可知迈克没有去公园，因此前句表示“除了迈克没去”，需用表示排除的except。故选C。
48．A
【解析】句意：——昨晚谁去参加派对了？——除了汤姆，每个人都去了。他不得不待在家里学习。
考查词义辨析。except除了（不包括）；beside在……旁边；expect期望；besides除了……还有（包括）。根据“He had to stay at home to study.”可知，是指除了Tom，每个人都去了派对，表示不包括Tom，用介词except。故选A。
49．C
【解析】句意：除了蒂娜，我们都去了博物馆。她生病了，不得不卧床休息。
考查介词辨析。besides 除了……还（包括在内）；beside 在……旁边；except 除了……（不包括在内）；with 和……一起。根据“She was ill and had to stay in bed.”可知，蒂娜生病卧床，没有去博物馆，因此她是不包括在去的人之中的。故选C。
50．D
【解析】句意：除了王小姐，所有的人都回家了，因为她必须完成她的报告。
考查介词辨析。with和……一起；besides除……之外（还有）；through通过；except除……之外（不包括）。根据“All the people went home”和“Miss Wang”可知，此处表示不包括王小姐，其他所有人都回家了，所以应该用except。故选D。
51．D
【解析】句意：——他为什么又迟到了？——他到车站晚了。因此，他错过了早班火车。
考查副词辨析。However然而，表示转折关系；Besides此外，表示递进关系；Though尽管，引导让步状语从句；Therefore因此，表示因果关系。根据语境可知，前一句“他到车站晚了”是原因，后一句“他错过了早班火车”是结果，所以此处应该用Therefore表示因果关系。故选D。
52．B
【解析】句意：我上个月加入了学校读书俱乐部。自那以来，我已经读了三本有趣的小说。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“since then”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，强调对现在的影响或结果，应用现在完成时。故选B。
53．A
【解析】句意：自从我们第一次见面以来，我们已经一起分享了很多快乐的时刻。
考查动词时态。根据“since we first met”可知，句子是现在完成时，表示从过去某一时间点开始持续到现在的动作或状态，所以空处用现在完成时，构成形式为have/has done，主语是复数，助动词用have，share的过去分词是shared。故选A。
54．C
【解析】句意：格林先生自2002年以来一直住在北京。
考查动词的时态。根据句中的时间状语“since 2002”可知，句子应用现在完成时，表示从过去某一时刻持续到现在的动作或状态，谓语动词构成是“have/has+动词的过去分词”。主语“Mr. Green”是第三人称单数，所以助动词用has；动词live的过去分词是lived。故选C。
55．B
【解析】句意：——约翰，你玩电脑游戏已经两个小时了。这对你的眼睛不好。——好的，妈妈。我很快就结束。
考查现在完成时。根据时间状语“for two hours”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应用现在完成时，其结构为“have/has+过去分词”。主语“you”是第二人称，助动词用“have”，play的过去分词是“played”。故选B。
56．D
【解析】句意：在老师的帮助下，自从去年以来我已经学到了很多关于中国文化的知识。
考查现在完成时。句中的时间状语“since last year”（自从去年以来）表示从过去持续到现在的动作，需用现在完成时（has/have done）。故选D。
57．A
【解析】句意：——你上大学的时候，除了英语之外还学过其他语言吗？——是的，我学了三门。但是除了几句零星的话之外，我全都忘光了。
考查介词辨析。besides除……之外还有，包含后面的对象；except除……之外，不包含后面的对象。第一空，根据“any other languages”可知，是包含英语在内，还学了其他语言，用besides符合语境。第二空，根据have forgotten all可知，是不包含a few words，用except符合语境。故选A。
58．C
【解析】句意：除了黑色和白色，我们能看到彩虹的所有颜色。
考查介词辨析。besides除……之外（还有）；beside在……旁边；except除……之外（不包括）；including包括。根据“We can see all the colors of the rainbow…black and white.”可知，彩虹的颜色本身不包含黑色和白色，所以是“排除在外”，用except。故选C。
59．B
【解析】句意：这本书我已经借了三个星期了。我现在必须归还。
borrowed借，短暂性动词；have kept一直持有，延续性动词的现在完成时；have borrowed借，短暂性动词的现在完成时；kept持有，延续性动词的过去式。根据时间状语“for three weeks”可知，动作需持续一段时间，因此需用延续性动词的现在完成时（have kept）表示“借并持有”的状态。
60．C
【解析】句意：莉莉的姑姑是一位作家。自1980年以来，她已经写了十多本书。
根据时间状语“since 1980”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，应使用现在完成时，结构是have/has done，应填has written。
61．C
【解析】句意：苏珊在她的博客上分享她的漫画作品已经超过两年了。
考查现在完成进行时。shares一般现在时，分享；shared一般过去时，分享；has been sharing现在完成进行时；has shared现在完成时，分享。根据时间状语“for more than 2 years”可知，动作从过去持续到现在，强调持续性的影响，应用现在完成进行时，且主语Susan是动作的执行者，需用主动语态。故选C。
62．C
【解析】句意：——爱丽丝，你今天愿意和我们一起去徒步旅行吗？——真可惜！除了今天之外我每天都有空。
考查介词。for为了；besides除了……之外（还有）；except除了……之外（不包括）；among在……之中。根据“What a pity!”可知，爱丽丝今天没有空，所以不能去徒步旅行，此处表示“除了今天之外，每天都有空”，即今天不包括在内，需用except。故选C。
63．C
【解析】句意：所有学生都参加了艺术节，除了汤姆，因为他那天生病了。
考查介词辨析。among在……之中；with和……一起；except除了；against反对。根据“because he was sick that day”可知，汤姆生病缺席，因此需要表示“排除”的介词，except强调排除某个对象，符合句意。故选C。
64．C
【解析】句意：自从我去年加入游泳俱乐部以来，我在游泳方面进步了很多。
考查现在完成时。improve“进步”，是动词，根据时间状语“since I joined the swimming club last year.”可知，此处句子需用现在完成时，其谓语结构为“have/has+done”。故选C。
65．C
【解析】句意：这个盒子装满了书。你可以看到其中一些书在地上。
考查短语固定搭配。“be full of”和“be filled with”为同义短语，意为“装满”。选项C“is filled with”为正确搭配。故选C。
66．D
【解析】句意：让我们用爱充满我们的心，我们将看到我们周围的世界变得更美丽。
考查动词辨析。share分享；feed喂养；mix混合；fill充满。根据“Let’s ... our hearts with love and we will see the world around us become more beautiful.”可知，当我们心中充满爱时，世界会变得更美丽。“fill...with...”是固定搭配，表示“用……充满……”，符合语境。故选D。
67．A
【解析】句意：这个周末汤姆想用他的新相机捕捉湖上日落的美丽时刻。
考查动词辨析。capture捕捉；create创造；change改变；collect收集。根据“With his new camera”和“the beautiful moments of the sunset”可知，Tom想用新相机捕捉日落的美丽时刻。故选A。
68．B
【解析】句意：当五班的班主任生病时，李老师不得不接管她的工作，比如检查学生的作业和准备教案。
考查动词短语辨析。take out取出；take over接管；take off脱下，起飞；take back拿回。根据“When the head teacher of Class 5 was ill, Mr. Li had to...her work, like checking students’ homework and preparing lesson plans.”可知，班主任生病，李老师需要接管她的工作，take over符合语境。故选B。
69．B
【解析】句意：警察来了，命令人群马上离开。
考查非谓语动词。根据“ordered the crowd...at once”可知，此处是“order sb. to do sth.”固定搭配，意为“命令某人做某事”，所以应该用动词不定式“to leave”作宾语补足语。故选B。
70．D
【解析】句意：你必须在10点之前到家。
考查介词辨析。with和；in在，用于年份或月份；on在，用于具体日期或星期；by在……之前，用于截止时间。根据“You have to get home ... 10 o’clock. ”可知，此处指“10点前回家”，强调截止时间，应使用by。故选D。
71．A
【解析】句意：本，冰箱现在空了。是时候去超市了。
考查形容词词义辨析。empty空的；huge巨大的；full满的；fresh新鲜的。根据“It’s time to go to the supermarket.”可知，此时应该是因为冰箱空了所以要去超市购物，“empty空的”符合语境。故选A。
72．D
【解析】句意：Lucy每天早餐都吃面条，所以她现在厌倦了它们，想尝试面包。
考查形容词短语辨析。is proud of为……骄傲；is fond of喜欢；is afraid of害怕；is tired of厌倦。根据“Lucy eats noodles for breakfast every day”和“wants to try bread instead”可知，由于长期重复，Lucy对面条厌倦了，导致她想换口味。故选D。
73．B
【解析】句意：地铁里人太多了，我几乎都转不过身来。
考查动词短语。turn off关闭；turn around转身；turn over翻转；turn out结果是。根据“The underground was so full”可知，地铁里人很多，所以应该是几乎无法转身，“turn around转身”符合语境。故选B。
74．D
【解析】句意：看！博物馆在街道的另一边。
考查不定代词和名词的数。other表示“别的，其他的”，通常与复数名词连用；the other表示两者中的“另一个”，后可接单数名词或复数名词。根据语境可知，街道有两边，此处表示“另一边”，且side为单数，所以应该用“the other side”。故选D。
75．A
【解析】句意：在把玻璃杯给你妹妹之前，请先把它装满水。
考查动词辨析。fill填充，装满；full满的，形容词；put放置；take拿走。根据语境可知，此处是在描述把玻璃杯装满水，fill...with...是固定短语，意为“用……装满……”，所以应该用fill。故选A。
76．A
【解析】句意：莉莉从父母那里得到了一本新故事书，而她的小妹妹嫉妒她，因为她也想要同样的书。
考查短语动词辨析。was jealous of嫉妒；was proud of为……骄傲；was afraid of害怕；was tired of厌倦。根据“Lily got a new storybook from her parents”和“because she also wanted the same book”可知，小妹妹渴望得到同样的书，对莉莉应是嫉妒的。故选A。
77．C
【解析】句意：当在森林中行走时，我们应该小心——一些小型动物如果感到危险可能会攻击我们。
考查动词辨析。attach附着；attract吸引；attack攻击；attempt尝试。根据“if they feel in danger”可知，动物感到危险时可能采取攻击行为，而非附着、吸引或尝试。故选C。
78．A
【解析】句意：在昨天的比赛中，我们学校的篮球队非常努力，最终击败了第五中学的篮球队。
考查动词辨析。beat击败；win赢得；lose输掉；watch观看。根据“Our school basketball team worked hard and finally ... the team from No.5 Middle School”可知，我们学校的篮球队因为努力，击败了第五中学的篮球队。故选A。
79．A
【解析】句意：你可以在离我们学校2公里内找到邮局——我们一起去那里吧。
考查介词辨析。within在……之内；beyond超过；across穿过；between在两者之间。根据后半句“let’s walk there together”可知，邮局距离较近，步行可行，因此需表示“在2公里范围内”，within强调不超出某个距离，符合语境。故选A。
80．B
【解析】句意：Lily每天努力学习英语；因此，她在英语考试中取得好成绩。
考查副词辨析。however然而，表转折；therefore因此，表结果；besides此外，表补充；though虽然，表让步。根据前半句“Lily studies English hard every day”和后半句“she gets good grades in English tests. ”可知，“努力学习”和“取得好成绩”之间是因果关系，前因后果，therefore符合语境。故选B。
81．B
【解析】句意：汤姆没有为他的演讲做准备，所以他在全班同学面前没能清楚地表达自己的想法。
考查动词辨析。helped帮助；failed失败；fell掉落；passed通过。根据“Tom didn’t prepare for his speech”可知，因为没有准备，所以应是没能清楚地表达想法，“fail to do sth.”表示“未能做某事”，符合语境。故选B。
82．A
【解析】句意：他和他的父母已经在上海十年了。
考查现在完成时中表示持续状态的动词短语辨析。have been in表示“在……地方停留”，强调持续状态，可与时间段连用；have been to表示“去过……地方”，强调经历，不与时间段连用；have gone to表示“去了……地方”，强调动作结果，主语不在原地，不与时间段连用；have been不完整，缺少介词，无法直接接地点。根据句意和“for ten years”（表示一段时间），需选用表示持续停留的短语。故选A。
83．B
【解析】句意：——我还没有做作业。你呢，Jack？ ——哦，我刚才做完了。
考查现在完成时和一般过去时的用法。根据句中yet可知，第一空所在句子为现在完成时，结构为“have/has+动词过去分词”，主语为I，助动词用have，又因为yet用于否定句，所以该句为否定句，谓语部分为haven’t done；第二空所在句子时间状语为“a moment ago”，所以该句用一般过去时，谓语动词为finished，故选B。
84．A
【解析】句意：我妈妈让我晚饭后倒掉垃圾，然后帮她开始一项新爱好，比如园艺。
考查短语动词辨析。take out拿出；倒掉；take over接管；take off脱下；起飞；take back拿回。根据“the trash”可知，此处表示“倒垃圾”。故选A。
85．A
【解析】句意：我们应该善待同学，永远不要取笑他们的外表或错误——这会伤害他们的感情。
考查短语辨析。make jokes about拿……开玩笑；take care of照顾；look forward to期待；pay attention to注意。根据“it will hurt their feelings”可知，空白处应填入表示负面、不友善行为的短语。make jokes about符合语境，故选A。
86．C
【解析】句意：如果你不每天练习弹钢琴，你可能无法在学校表演中弹好这首新歌。
考查动词辨析。fight战斗；pass通过；fail失败；kick踢。根据“If you don’t practice playing the piano every day, you may...to play the new song well in the school show.”可知，不每天练习会导致无法弹好新歌，强调未能成功，fail to do sth.符合这一语境，是固定搭配，意为“未能做某事；做某事失败了”。故选C。
87．B
【解析】句意：爷爷经常告诉我他生活中的故事——他的话充满了智慧，这帮助我解决了许多问题。
考查名词辨析。strength力量；wisdom智慧；encouragement鼓励；ability能力。根据“that helps me solve many problems”可知，爷爷的话中充满的是能帮助解决问题的品质，而“wisdom”指从生活经验中获得的智慧和洞察力，最符合语境。故选B。
88．B
【解析】句意：Emma在比赛中获得了第一名！让我们举办一个聚会来庆祝。
考查动词辨析。encourage鼓励；celebrate庆祝；understand理解；develop发展。根据“Emma got the first prize in the competition!”可知，是赢得比赛，推测出举办聚会是为了庆祝这个好消息。故选B。
89．D
【解析】句意：汤姆不想让他的朋友们知道他正在课堂上看故事书，所以他偷偷地把书放在了课桌下面。
考查副词辨析。clearly清晰地；happily开心地；carefully仔细地；secretly偷偷地。根据“Tom didn’t want his friends to know he was reading a storybook in class”可知，他不想被发现，因此动作需隐蔽，强调“秘密地”进行。故选D。
90．B
【解析】句意：这个房间看起来很整洁，除了桌子上留下的几本书，让我们把它们放到书架上。
考查介词及其短语辨析。except除了，排除同类事物；except for除了，排除非同类事物，强调整体情况良好，仅存在局部的例外；besides除了……还有，包含在内；beside在……的旁边。“This room looks tidy”是对整体环境的描述，而“a few books left on the desk”是局部的、与房间整体不同类的例外情况。except for符合这一语境。故选B。
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