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专题11 任务型阅读（综合）15篇【真题解码】2024-2026三年中考英语真题分类汇编
（2026·吉林·中考真题）The origins (起源) of most English color words came from Proto-Indo-European (PIE) (原始印欧语的) languages and appeared in a specific (特定的) order with special meanings.
Black and white came out first. Ancient languages only divided the colors into dark and light. Black and white were the first color words, standing for (代表) night and day.
The next color was red. It was a symbol of strength and energy, connected with power and courage. In many countries, red was the color of army uniforms (制服) in history.
Yellow, which came then, goes back to a PIE root (词根) that means “shine bright”. Yellow stands for brightness and life. It also has a close relationship to warmth.
Green was after yellow. Green was from a PIE root that means “grow”. In nearly every language and culture, green is connected with growth and nature.
One of the last main colors was blue. Before blue became a known color, people usually used “sky” and “sea” to describe blue things.
Whatever names we call them, colors bring us a sense of beauty. And they make the world meaningful and colorful.
根据短文内容，从下面选出每种颜色代表的意义，其中有一个选项是多余的。
A．Sky and sea.
B．Night and day.
C．Snow and rain.
D．Growth and nature.
E．Power and courage.
F．Brightness and life.
1．
2．
3．
4．
5．
6．根据短文内容，补全下面方框中的句子，每空一词。
It’s a colorful worldThe origins of most English color words came from Proto-Indo-European languages. Black and white came out . The next color was red. In history, people used it as the color of uniforms. The color yellow means “ bright”, which has to do with brightness and life. Green came yellow, connected with growth and nature. Blue was one of the last color words. Whatever names we call them, colors bring us a sense of beauty. And they make the world meaningful and colorful.
（2026·陕西·中考真题）阅读下面材料，根据材料内容，完成下列各题。
I Love Our Orange Tent
I love our orange tent. We plant it like a flower in the field. The grass smells sweet inside it. And at night when we’re lying in it, I hear the owl crying. When the wind blows, my tent flaps like a flying bird. And the rain patters down on it with tiny footsteps. I feel warm and safe inside my tent. But when the sun shines, that’s when I love it best! When I wake up and the sun is shining, it pours in like yellow honey. It glows like gold. I love our orange tent. by Berlie Doherty
7．What kind of text is the material
It’s a(n) .
8．Who is the writer
The writer is .
9．Which word in the material means “摇摆；晃动”
It is “ ”.
10．How do “I” in the material feel in the tent on rainy days
“I” feel .
11．What do you think “I” truly love (In no more than 8 words.)
（2026·新疆乌鲁木齐·中考真题）第一节
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，在方框内的缩写文章中，填入与短文意思最符合的单词，每空一词。
More and more foreign visitors are surprised by Chinese-style safety. They say traveling in China makes them relaxed, and they never worry about their personal safety.
During May Day, lots of foreign tourists visited Shanghai. They hung out, enjoyed sights, went shopping freely and they even found they could walk alone late at night safely. “We can leave our bags in hotels without feeling worried. What a safe city Shanghai is!” they told a reporter.
Foreign guests also speak highly of the kindness of Chinese people. Though they speak different languages, Chinese people are always glad to tell the ways and help foreigners solve problems. In Shantou, an American student left her passport in a taxi. The driver found it and returned it to her at once. Foreigners can carry phones and bags casually (随意地) on the street. People trust each other very much.
In Guiyang, a Russian woman has lived there for many years. She not only enjoys rich night life and local food but also loves the slow life and friendly environment. She shares her experiences online to invite more friends to visit China.
With its government and people’s efforts, China is making itself a comfortable and safe place to travel and live.
Many foreign visitors are surprised by how safe China is. Traveling in China 12 them relaxed. Tourists can hang out, enjoy sights, go shopping and even walk alone late at night 13 . Foreign guests speak highly of Chinese people’s 14 . Even if they speak different languages, they are always happy to 15 foreigners with their problems. In Shantou, a taxi driver found a lost passport and 16 it back to the student. In Guiyang, a Russian woman loves the local lifestyle very much, so she would like to 17 her friends to visit China. Our government and people are making China a comfortable and safe place.
第二节
阅读短文，根据语篇内容，回答3个问题。
Do foreigners worry about their personal safety while travelling in China
18
Who returned the lost passport to the American student
19
How do you feel about Chinese-style safety Why
20
（2026·湖北·中考真题）阅读短文，用英文填空或回答问题。(注意每小题的词数要求)
Imagine you have no phone, no map, and no one to ask for help. How would you know where to go For thousands of years, humans have found clever methods to take directions.
One simple way is to watch the sky. East is where the sun rises, and west is where it sets. That is the simplest sign. At night, ancient Chinese depended on the stars. The most useful one is the North Star. It stays almost still in the northern sky. Travelers followed it along their journeys across the desert. Sailors (水手) once used it to guide their ships on the sea.
Nature offers you signs to read. For example, moss (苔藓) grows thicker on the wet dark north side of trees. That’s why in the forests of North America, hunters can easily tell the north is on the mossy side.
Man-made marks are left to help. In the snowy Arctic, local people built stone statues (雕塑)—shaped like a person—as special signs. Travelers who saw one would know the right way. Even today, people still build them as marks or works of art.
Tools give people a hand. About 2,500 years ago, the Chinese made sinan. It was often used to help people build houses facing south. During the Northern Song Dynasty, the compass (指南针) was invented. Sailors used it at sea to find their way and return home safely. Later, the compass spread to Europe. It was improved and used to explore unknown oceans and find new lands.
Even long before modern technologies, people all over the world knew where they were going. ▲
21．Complete the mind map according to the passage. (每空不超过6词)
Finding Your Way
1. Situation: on a clear night Sign: the North Star Guide: It stays almost still and points north. 2. Read signs in nature Situation: . Sign: moss on trees Guide: It shows the north is on the mossy side.
3. Notice special marks Situation: in the snowy Arctic Sign: a stone statue Guide: It . 4. Depend on tools Situation: at sea Sign: . Guide: It tells where the south is.
22．Please write a sentence to fill in to end the passage. (不超过25词)
（2026·甘肃天水·中考真题）阅读下面材料，并按要求完成1至5小题。
Welcome to Gansu
Dear exchange students, welcome to our school! During your 3-month stay, you will have many free weekends. Gansu is a beautiful place with a long history. We hope you enjoy your time here. Here are the top places to go on weekends.
Top Places to Go in Gansu
You can learn about the history of the Silk Road and see the famous Bronze Galloping Horse (铜奔马). Ticket: Free (But you need to book online first.) Phone: 0931-2339131 Website: www. It is very famous in the world. You can see beautiful old paintings and statues in the caves. Ticket: 238 (Adults) / 148 (Students) Prices may change in different seasons. Phone: 4008-333-715 Website: www.mgk. The mountains here have many beautiful colors. They look like a rainbow on the earth. It is great to take photos here! Ticket: 108 (Ticket+ Bus) Phone: 0936-5623666 Website: www. It is a great place for a cool summer. You can see clear lakes, tall waterfalls, and green mountains. Ticket: 80 (Adults) / Free (Seniors 70+) Phone: 0936-6229138 Please search “官鹅沟” (Guan’e Gou) on WeChat. __________________ __________________ __________________ 本题请在答题卡对应区域内作答。 __________________ __________________
▲
Please wear hats and sunglasses. Please bring some water with you. Please bring your student ID card for cheaper tickets. Remember to bring a warm jacket. Remember to bring comfortable sports shoes. Remember to bring some medicine.
任务一：回答问题
23．How long will the exchange students stay at the school
24．What do visitors need to do first if they want to visit Gansu Museum
任务二：情景应用
25．Lucy, one of the exchange students, feels very hot these days. She wants to go to a cool place in nature to relax. According to the reading material, which place do you recommend her to go Why
任务三：读写链接
26．补全材料画线处 ▲ 内容，使文意通顺、连贯、正确、符合逻辑。（作答不超过5词）
27．请你为交换生团队推荐一处甘肃其他值得去的地方，并说明原因。（作答不少于20词）
（2026·山东烟台·中考真题）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
Most 10-year-olds spend free time playing video games, but Ernesto Gael Hernandez from Brownsville, Texas, is busy running his own 3D printing business every day.
What started as a fun way to make personal keychains (钥匙扣) for classmates has quickly grown into a successful small business. In his home workshop, Ernesto spends his days designing and printing colorful objects—keychains, bottle openers, and toys that help people with nervousness and stress. He wakes up early to set the printers working before school or football practice.
The idea began a few months ago when Ernesto told his mom he wanted to start 3D printing. Instead of ▲ , she encouraged him to save chore money for it. After saving $500, he bought his first printer and set up Prestige 3D Labs. He taught himself to create designs by watching YouTube lessons and soon found there was a strong need for his products.
Business has grown quickly. Ernesto has made around $1,500 and partnered with a local clothing store called Jungle to sell his products. Now three printers run every day to keep up with orders from across the Rio Grande Valley.
For Ernesto’s mom, the business is more than a way for her son to make money—it’s valuable quality time that they spend together. She knows balancing school, football, and business is stressful, but it teaches Ernesto time management. She believes the experience will benefit him for a lifetime.
While Ernesto enjoys success over the years, his motivation (动机) is simple and heartfelt. “I just like doing it because I want to afford a house for my mom,” Ernesto said.
28．What led Ernesto to start his printing business
29．Fill in the ▲ in Paragraph 3 with proper words.
30．Where are Ernesto’s orders from
31．Why does Ernesto enjoy his printing business
32．If Ernesto meets difficulties in balancing school, football, and business in life, please comfort him with two sentences according to his mom’s ideas.
①
②
（2026·四川遂宁·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据其内容填空和回答问题。前五个小题每空一词，最后两个问题须用完整句子问答。
The Time-eating Monster
Have you ever noticed a monster (怪兽) around us It’s not big or scary, but it’s very dangerous. This monster comes in many forms-games, social media and TV shows. You may ask, “It brings us so much fun. But why do you say it’s a monster ”
For example, we may all think, “I’ll just have a little fun.” At first, we turn on the computer and start a game, but soon the monster comes. Then it starts to eat away our time, minute by minute. Finally, we just sit there and look at the screen without noticing it at all.
We often get lost in the monster’s world like this. We become couch potatoes (电视迷) with sore necks and dry eyes. We miss sweet moments with loved ones. We are deaf to the real world.
Just remember, too much fun also makes Jack a dull boy! The time-eating monster will always be there. But we can keep it away by having fun in a proper way.
So, stand up and leave the screens! Go outside, feel the sun on your face. Play tennis or go hiking with your friends. Talk about your day with your family.
There is so much for you to do. It’s up to you!
The Time-eating Monster
The introduction · The 33 — games, social media and TV shows. · The advantage — bringing us much fun.
The example · We turn on the computer and start a game. · The monster comes. · It starts to 34 away our time. · We just sit there.
The influence · Getting lost. · 35 couch potatoes. · Missing sweet moments.
The 36 To keep it away by having fun in a 37 way. · To stand up and leave the screens. · To take part in more outdoor activities. · To talk about your day with your family
The conclusion · It’s up to you.
How is the monster in the text
38
What would you do to control your own screen time
39
（2025·山东聊城·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据其内容完成后面各项任务。
Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English. Here are three basic questions.
The first question is about understanding English films and songs. Li Hao from Hubei wrote, “I like watching English films and listening to English songs, but I don’t understand very much. What can I do ”
Watching films and listening to songs are great ways to learn English! Watch and listen several times, and guess the meaning of the new words. Each time you will learn something new. I also advise you to talk about the films or songs with your friends in English.
The second question is about speaking. Wang Fan from Jilin wrote, “our school has a teacher from the US. I am shy and I am afraid to speak to her. What should I do ”
You can say, “Hello, how are you ” “Do you like China ” These are good ways to start a conversation. And before you begin,you should smile at her! Remember this: Do not be shy. Just try.
The third question is about vocabulary. Zhang Lei from Anhui wrote, “I write down new words, but I forget them quickly. How can I remember them ”
Do not worry. 忘记新单词是很正常的! I suggest you write four or five words a day on pieces of paper and place them in your room. Read the words when you see them, and try to use them.
40．从文中找出与下面所给句子意思相近的句子。
Lots of students want to know how to make progress in their English.
41．将文中画线的英语句子译成汉语。
42．回答问题：
According to the passage, what should you do before starting a conversation with a stranger
43．回答问题：
What does the underlined word “them” refer to (指代)
44．将文中画线的汉语句子译成英语。
（2025·山东东营·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据要求完成下面各小题。
Not everyone loves earthworms (蚯蚓). Some people feel uncomfortable when they see them. Yet these small animals are very important. In fact, we should thank earthworms for many of the delicious and healthy foods on our plates. They are good friends of the farmers.
Earthworms can be found in most places around the world. They live their whole lives in soil (土壤). An earthworm has no eyes, ears, or nose. Instead, it senses the dark environment through the nerve cells (神经细胞) along its body. These nerve cells help the earthworm move through the soil. Most earthworms are generally between 10 and 30 centimeters long. However, if you traveled to Australia, you might see the world’s longest earthworm—the Gippsland earthworm. It can grow up to 3 meters long.
Earthworms help farmers in several ways. As they move through the soil, they create tunnels (管状通道). Plants grow poorly if the soil is too dry and hard. The tunnels help air and water reach the underground parts of plants. This makes the soil wet and loose (疏松的). Earthworms also eat dead leaves and dead plants. Then they pass the waste (粪便) into the soil. Their waste is filled with nutrients (营养). This makes the soil rich.
The earthworms may be small, but they are very important. They help feed us and keep us healthy.
A．根据短文内容简要回答问题。
1. How long are earthworms according to this passage
45
2. How do earthworms help farmers
46
B．将短文中画线的句子译成汉语。
47
48
C． 请给短文拟一个适当的英文标题。
49
（2025·海南·中考真题）阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按要求完成任务。
Chinglish takes flight
“You swan, he frog.” This sentence might sound funny in English. But it is lively! Both Chinese and foreigners can understand and enjoy it. It is an example of Chinglish.
So, what is Chinglish It is a mix of Chinese and English. Now, it is quite popular outside China. It all started when a foreign girl put a sad photo online. It seemed that her boyfriend had made her cry. Some nice Chinese people created some funny Chinglish, such as “You swan, he frog” to cheer her up. The expression (表达) comes from a famous old Chinese story. It’s about a beautiful swan and an ugly toad (癞蛤蟆).
Many foreigners found it cool. They shared it a lot online and made funny pictures with it. Some of them got interested in the Chinese stories behind Chinglish.
“It’s great that more Chinese culture is being shared with the rest of the world,” said Cody, a young man from New Zealand. “It helps a lot to understand Chinese culture better.”
More and more people are finding the fun in Chinglish. This is great! But for young English learners like us, it’s still important to use proper English, especially in tests and at formal events (正式场合). Standard English helps people understand each other more clearly. Different situations call for different ways.
Chinglish serves as a fun bridge connecting two cultures, but we must know when to cross the bridge and when to stay in the “main road” of standard English. After all, being able to use Chinglish properly and also communicate well in standard English makes you a true language user!
Task Ⅰ:
50．Finish the chart according to the article. Fill in each blank with no more than 3 words.
Task II: Answer the following questions.
51．Where does the expression “You swan, he frog” come from
52．According to the passage, what makes you a true language user
53．Will you use Chinglish if you talk online with an English friend about your summer plan Explain your reason(s) in about 20 words.
（2025·宁夏·中考真题）请阅读下面语篇，根据语篇内容，填写表格中所缺的信息（每空限填一词），并回答问题。
Many young people around the world are taking small actions to save the earth. Let’s go on a journey to meet some of them.
Young Litter Hero
Litter is a big problem around the world. It can end up in rivers and lakes where it pollutes the water. In the UK, two million pieces of rubbish are dropped every day. Harlee, 6, from the UK, is thought to be younger than any other litter-picker in his country. After Harlee noticed lots of rubbish near his local fast food restaurants, he decided to pick up waste in his spare time. His efforts are having an impact (巨大影响).
Young Plastic Hero
Plastic is used to make many things we use every day. When these things are thrown away, some of them end up in the ocean. The plastic does harm to animals and plants in the ocean. Tony, 13, from Canada, set up the Plastic Money Shop when he was six years old. People can trade their single-use plastic for free rice, school things or a young tree in the shop. The unwanted rubbish is turned into school chairs and roof (屋顶) materials for houses. “The goal of my project is to take every single-use plastic away from our planet,” explains Tony.
Young Tree Hero
Trees are necessary for our planet. They clean the air, provide a home for wildlife and keep our drinking water safe. But in 2022, planet Earth lost 66,000 square kilometres of forest worldwide. Ellyanne, 14, from Kenya (肯尼亚), decided to change that. She began planting trees when she was four years old. In 2017, she started an activity called Children With Nature to show other kids how they can make a difference in their own area. So far, she has planted more than 250,000 trees around the world. “No matter how old or young you are, you can start making a difference,” says Ellyanne.
A lot of work is still needed to protect the earth. If more of us can be like these young people, it will certainly make life better for everyone.
Title: Three Young Earth 54
Harlee Litter is a big problem around the world. It pollutes the water. He is the 55 litter-picker in his country.
Tony The plastic is 56 to animals and plants in the ocean. The goal of his project is to 57 single-use plastic.
Ellyanne Planet Earth lost 66,000 square kilometres of forest worldwide in 2022. Children With Nature is a(n) 58 to show other kids how they can make a difference.
No matter how old or young you are, you can make the earth 59 .
What can you do to protect the earth (结合自身实际，写出你的三种不同做法，不超过30词，不得照搬原文中已给出的做法)
60
（2025·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）The Secret to Enjoying a Hobby
Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way. I never tried to remember the names of all the different moves. Every morning, I’d just find a place at the back of the class and copy the person in front of me. With no pressure to become better at it, I stuck to the hobby.
But for many people, sticking to a hobby can bring much pressure. One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby. Many times, I have heard people express their wishes to run. But before long, they begin to think about proving themselves, like winning a place in a half-marathon (半程马拉松). The idea of training for a half-marathon, however, may stop them from sticking to the hobby.
Many of us are already under great pressure in our work. Then why not see our hobbies just for fun Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind. We can calm our “thinking mind” while we just focus on an interesting hobby. There is no pressure of success or failure. Pick up or put down hobbies as you like.
Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!
Use words with proper meanings and grammatical rules to fill in the blanks. (Only one word for one blank.)
61．Last summer, I started doing yoga just to after a working day in a healthy way.
62．One study shows that the lifespan of a hobby is 16 months and one main is their strong wish to be excellent.
63．Experts say that having a hobby just fun not only makes it more enjoyable but also has a big win for the .
64．We can our “thinking mind” while we just focus on an interesting hobby and I hope to get more laughs wounds from skating.
65．What do you think is the secret to enjoying a hobby
（2024·黑龙江哈尔滨·中考真题）Are you interested in collecting stamps Have you ever heard of a famous monkey stamp designed (设计) by Huang Yongyu Huang was a Chinese artist born in Hunan Province in 1924. Growing up in a poor family, he didn’t finish middle school and never received formal art education. In fact, Huang studied art on his own.
In 1980, Huang designed a monkey stamp to celebrate the Year of the Monkey in the Chinese lunar calendar (农历). With a red background, the monkey on the stamp looked lovely. It became one of the most popular and valuable stamps in the history of China.
Huang had a special interest in water lilies (睡莲). Other people were interested in water lilies because of their beauty. However, he was encouraged by the spirit of water lilies.
Many works of Huang have been on show at home and abroad. You can see his works all over the world.
任务1：阅读短文，完成同义句转换，每空一词。
66．In fact, Huang studied art on his own.
In fact, Huang studied art .
任务2：根据短文内容回答问题。
67．Where was Huang Yongyu born
.
68．How did the monkey on the stamp look
.
69．Why did Huang Yongyu have a special interest in water lilies
.
（2024·山东威海·中考真题）阅读下面短文，完成短文后的问题。
Peer Pressure
What peer pressure is
Peers are people who are about the same age as you. Peer pressure is when one or more friends or people your own age make you feel pressured to do something. You feel as if you have to do that thing because your peers are doing it, or are trying to make you do it.
Good peer pressure
Good peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something good. You might do something good for you, for others, or for the environment.
Bad peer pressure
Bad peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something you shouldn’t do. For example, it might be something that goes against rules, something dangerous, or something bad for your health. It might also be something that goes against your values, or what you believe is good or right.
▲
①If a friend tries to pressure you to do something, you might feel you should do it to please your friend. You might even feel that the person will not be your friend if you do not do it.
②People often want to be accepted by their peers and not feel as if they stand out because they are different in some way. Sometimes people are afraid others will make fun of them if they do not do what everyone else is doing.
Make decisions when you feel peer pressure
Here are some questions to ask yourself when you feel peer pressure to do something:
·Could I get into trouble for doing this
·Might doing this hurt myself or another person, or hurt someone’s feelings
·Does this go against my values
·Will I feel sorry or embarrassed if my family, teachers, or others find out about it
If you answer “yes” to any of these questions, you are feeling bad peer pressure. If people keep pressuring you, say, “I do not want to talk about it anymore.” Then walk away and feel proud that you made a good decision.
70．Who are peers （答案不超过9 个词）
71．What kinds of peer pressure are introduced in the passage （答案不超过7个词）
72．Please fill the ▲ with a proper subtitle（小标题）.（答案不超过7个词）
73．What decisions should you make when you feel bad peer pressure （答案不超过6个词）
74．Mike noticed that most students at school are wearing a certain type of running shoes. Now he is starting to feel that he should get the same kind of shoes, but no one has told him he should. Is Mike experiencing peer pressure Use evidence (证据) from the passage to support your answer. （答案不限词数）
75．Share an example of how you solved your peer pressure. （答案不限词数）
（2024·山东青岛·中考真题）阅读下面短文，完成问题。
There is more ocean on our planet than there is land. The first ship sailed (航海) all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago. Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore (探索) (A) it.
To early sailors, the ocean was a scary place, full of dangerous living things. They thought that, deep below, the ocean was a cold, dark and lifeless place. Ocean exploration was also stopped by the conditions below. The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.
In 1872, the first ship for ocean exploration set out on a four-year trip around the world. It carried the best scientific equipment of the time. An underwater mountain chain and more than 4, 000 new kinds of living things were discovered. The results of this journey were important, which encouraged farther exploration. In 1934, two divers dived half a mile below the surface of the ocean in the submersible (潜水器) they designed for deep-sea diving. People could see the underwater world with their own eyes. Since then, improvements have been made in diving equipment, allowing people to travel deeper for a longer time.
In recent years, China’s ocean exploration (B) has taken off rapidly. Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe, for example, can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.
The work of deep-sea explorers has given us a picture of life far below the surface. (C) There is now greater understanding of the life in the ocean. We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there’s still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean. What hasn’t been seen yet
76．What does (A) it refer to (指的是) in Paragraph One
77．Which entry (词条) can explain the meaning of (B) has taken off in Paragraph Four according to the dictionary (填写词条序号)
78．Translate the underlined sentence (C) into Chinese.
79．根据短文内容填空。 (每空限1个单词)
Although most of the earth’s surface is covered by the ocean, the history of ocean exploration is not enough. In the early days, terrible conditions deep below the ocean stopped humans from exploring. Also, divers didn’t have certain equipment to themselves. As time passed by, humans realized that diving equipment was of huge for farther exploration. They couldn’t reach the sea floor they had special equipment. Humans made efforts to improve it. Nowadays, we Chinese completely on ourselves and design some well-known submersibles such as Fendouzhe. Still, a lot of unknown things in the ocean to be seen.
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页
《专题11 任务型阅读（综合）15篇【真题解码】2024-2026三年中考英语真题分类汇编》参考答案
1．B 2．E 3．F 4．D 5．A 6．
first
army
shine
after
main
【导语】本文介绍了英语中主要颜色词汇的起源顺序及其象征意义，从黑白色到蓝、红、黄、绿等颜色依次出现。
【详解】1．本段讲黑色和白色。黑色和白色是第一批颜色词，代表夜晚和白天。B项“Night and day.”准确概括了黑色和白色的象征意义。
2．本段讲红色。红色是力量与活力的象征，与权力和勇气相连。E项“Power and courage.”准确概括了红色的象征意义。
3．本段讲黄色。黄色代表光明和生命。F项“Brightness and life.”准确概括了黄色的象征意义。
4．本段讲绿色。绿色与生长和自然相连。D项“Growth and nature.”准确概括了绿色的象征意义。
5．本段讲蓝色。人们通常用“天空”和“海洋”来描述蓝色的事物”。A项“Sky and sea.”准确概括了蓝色的象征意义。
6．①第二段提到“Black and white came out first.”，说明黑色和白色是最先出现的颜色词，应填first。
②第三段提到“red was the color of army uniforms in history.”，说明红色在历史上被用作军服的颜色，应填army。
③第四段提到“Yellow... goes back to a PIE root that means ‘shine bright’.”，说明黄色的词根意为“闪耀”，应填shine。
④第五段提到“Green was after yellow.”，说明绿色排在黄色之后出现，应填after。
⑤第六段提到“One of the last main colors was blue.”，说明蓝色是最后出现的主要颜色词之一，应填main。
7．
poem 8．
Berlie Doherty 9．
flaps 10．
warm and safe 11．
Nature./The beauty of nature.
【导语】本文是一首诗歌，主要讲述了作者对橙色帐篷的喜爱，以及在帐篷里感受到的自然之美。
【详解】7．根据文章整体的排版格式、语言特点以及分行分节的形式可推知结论本文是一首诗歌。故填poem。
8．根据文章末尾“by Berlie Doherty”可推知结论作者是Berlie Doherty。
9．根据文章“When the wind blows, my tent flaps like a flying bird.”，当风吹过，我的帐篷像飞鸟一样摇摆，可推知结论“flaps”的意思是“摇摆；晃动”。
10．根据文章“And the rain patters down on it with tiny footsteps. I feel warm and safe inside my tent.”可推知结论在雨天“我”感到温暖和安全。
11．根据文章整体内容，作者在帐篷里听猫头鹰叫、感受风雨和阳光，可推知结论“我”真正热爱的是大自然。
12．
makes 13．
safely 14．
kindness 15．
help 16．
gave 17．
invite 18．
No, they don’t. 19．
The taxi driver. 20．
I feel safe and proud. Because the government and people make China safe. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文讲述许多外国游客来到中国后，都感叹中国十分安全。文中通过上海、汕头、贵阳的实例，展现出安全的出行环境与友善诚信的中国人，最后点明国家和民众共同打造了安全舒适的中国。
【详解】12．根据第一段“They say traveling in China makes them relaxed.” 可知，在中国旅行让外国游客放松；动名词作主语谓语动词用三单，故填 makes。
13．根据第二段“they even found they could walk alone late at night safely.” 可知，游客深夜独自走路也很安全，修饰动词walk用副词。故填safely。
14．根据原文第三段“Foreign guests also speak highly of the kindness of Chinese people.” 可知，外国游客夸赞中国人的善良，people’s 后需用名词，故填kindness。
15．根据原文第三段 “Chinese people are always glad to tell the ways and help foreigners solve problems.” 可知，中国人乐于帮助外国人解决难题，be happy to后接动词原形，故填help。
16．根据原文第三段“The driver found it and returned it to her at once.” 可知，司机归还了护照，return同义短语give back，全文为过去时态，故填gave。
17．根据原文第四段第二句“She shares her experiences online to invite more friends to visit China.” 可知，俄罗斯女士线上分享经历邀请朋友来华，would like to后接动词原形，故填invite。
18．根据原文第一段“they never worry about their personal safety.” 可知，外国游客从不担心人身安全，问句为一般疑问句，作否定回答，故填No, they don’t.
19．原文第三段“In Shantou, an American student left her passport in a taxi. The driver found it and returned it to her at once.” 可知，出租车司机捡到并归还了美国学生的护照，故填The taxi driver.
20．本题为开放问答题，先表达对中国式安全的正面评价，再结合文中夜晚独行无忧、民众热心助人等内容说明理由，答案不唯一，语句通顺合理即可。
21．
Watch the sky
in the forests of North America
shows the right way
the compass 22．
Humans’ great wisdom allows us to find our way through natural signs and various tools.
【导语】本文主要讲述了在现代技术出现之前，人类如何利用天空、自然迹象、特殊标记和工具这四种方法来辨别方向。
【详解】21．①由第二段“One simple way is to watch the sky”可知，第一种方法是在晴朗的夜晚观察天空。watch the sky表示“观察天空”，空处与“Read signs in nature”“ Notice special marks”和“Depend on tools”并列，故填Watch the sky。
②由第三段“in the forests of North America, hunters can easily tell the north is on the mossy side”可知，在北美洲的森林中可以通过苔藓辨别方向。故填in the forests of North America“在北美洲的森林里”。
③由第四段“Travelers who saw one would know the right way”可知，石像向旅行者指明正确方向。show the right way表示“指明正确方向”，此处句子陈述客观事实，用一般现在时，主语It是第三人称单数，show用单三形式。故填shows the right way。
④由第五段“During the Northern Song Dynasty, the compass was invented. Sailors used it at sea to find their way”可知，水手在海上使用指南针。故填the compass“指南针”。
22．根据全文内容及最后一段“Even long before modern technologies, people all over the world knew where they were going.（即使在现代技术出现很久之前，世界各地的人们都知道他们要去哪里。）”可推知结尾总结句应概括全文内容，概括人类辨别方向的智慧和方法。
23．
3 months. 24．
They need to book online first. 25．
Guan’e Gou National Forest Park. Because it is a great place for a cool summer and she can see clear lakes, tall waterfalls, and green mountains there. 26．
Tips/Travel tips 27．
I recommend Jiayuguan Pass. It is the western end of the Great Wall of the Ming Dynasty. You can learn about the history of the Great Wall and enjoy the beautiful scenery of the desert. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文是一篇应用文，主要是一份为来到甘肃的交换生准备的周末旅游指南，介绍了甘肃的几个著名景点以及一些旅行温馨提示。
【详解】23．根据文章第一段“During your 3-month stay, you will have many free weekends.”可知，交换生将在学校停留3个月，答案是原文直接信息。
24．根据文章甘肃省博物馆介绍部分“Ticket: Free (But you need to book online first.)”可知，游客如果想参观甘肃省博物馆，需要先在网上预订。答案是原文直接信息。
25．根据文章官鹅沟国家森林公园介绍部分“It is a great place for a cool summer. You can see clear lakes, tall waterfalls, and green mountains.”可知，该地适合避暑且有自然风光，完全符合Lucy想要去大自然中凉爽的地方放松的需求。
26．根据文章画线处下方的内容“Please wear hats and sunglasses.”、“Please bring some water with you.”等可知，该部分为给游客的旅行温馨提示。故填Tips/Travel tips.
27．本题为开放性试题，要求推荐一处甘肃的其他景点并说明原因，言之有理，字数不少于20词即可，答案不唯一，例如推荐嘉峪关。
28．
He wanted to make personal keychains for classmates. 29．
buying it for him 30．
From across the Rio Grande Valley. 31．
Because he wants to afford a house for his mom. 32．
It teaches you time management.
The experience will benefit you for a lifetime.
【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了一个10岁的男孩Ernesto经营自己的3D打印业务的故事，包括业务的起源、发展、家人的支持以及他的动机。
【详解】28．根据文章第2段“What started as a fun way to make personal keychains (钥匙扣) for classmates has quickly grown into a successful small business.”可知，是想要为同学制作钥匙扣引领他开始了这项业务，答案几乎是原文引述。
29．根据文章第3段“Instead of…she encouraged him to save chore money for it.”及后文他存钱买打印机可知，妈妈没有直接给他买，因此本空可填“buying it for him”。
30．根据文章第4段“Now three printers run every day to keep up with orders from across the Rio Grande Valley.”可知，订单来自里奥格兰德河谷各地，直接提取信息。
31．根据文章第6段“‘I just like doing it because I want to afford a house for my mom,’ Ernesto said.”可知，他喜欢这项业务是因为想给妈妈买房子，答案几乎是原文引述。
32．根据文章第5段“She knows balancing school, football, and business is stressful, but it teaches Ernesto time management. She believes the experience will benefit him for a lifetime.”说明可以用这两点来安慰他。分别用“①It teaches you time management. ②The experience will benefit you for a lifetime.”作答。
33．
forms 34．
eat 35．
Becoming 36．
solution 37．
proper 38．
It is not big or scary, but it’s very dangerous. 39．
I would stand up and leave the screens to do outdoor activities.
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了“时间吞噬怪兽”（即过度沉迷于游戏、社交媒体等电子产品）的表现形式、危害以及应对方法，呼吁人们合理使用时间，多参与户外活动。
【详解】33．根据文章第1段“This monster comes in many forms—games, social media and TV shows.(这只怪兽有多种形式——游戏、社交媒体和电视节目。))”可推知此处指怪兽的形式，forms符合句意。
34．根据文章第2段“Then it starts to eat away our time, minute by minute.(然后它开始一分一秒地吞噬我们的时间。)”可推知此处指怪兽开始吞噬时间，eat。
35．根据文章第3”We become couch potatoes with sore necks and dry eyes.(我们变成了脖子酸痛、眼睛干涩的电视迷。)”可推知此处指变成电视迷，结合表格中前后项“Getting”、“Missing”均为动名词形式，此处也应用动名词，Becoming符合句意。
36．根据文章第4段“But we can keep it away by having fun in a proper way.(但我们可以通过适当的方式娱乐来远离它。)”及第 5 段的具体建议可推知本部分主要讲述解决方案，solution符合句意。
37．根据文章第4段“But we can keep it away by having fun in a proper way.(但我们可以通过适当的方式娱乐来远离它。)”可推知此处指用适当的方式，proper符合句意。
38．根据文章第1段“It’s not big or scary, but it’s very dangerous.(它不大也不可怕，但非常危险。)”可推知怪兽的特点是危险但不可怕，It is not big or scary, but it’s very dangerous.符合句意。
39．根据文章第5段“So, stand up and leave the screens! Go outside, feel the sun on your face.(所以，站起来离开屏幕！走出去，感受脸上的阳光。)”可推知控制屏幕时间的方法可以是离开屏幕去做户外活动，答案不唯一，合理即可。
40．Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English. 41．看电影和听歌曲是学习英语的好方法。 42．You should smile at her. 43．New words. 44．It’s very normal to forget new words!
【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章针对许多学生提出的如何提高英语的问题，给出了三个基本问题的解答，分别涉及理解英语电影和歌曲、开口说英语以及记忆新单词等方面。
【详解】40．“Lots of students want to know how to make progress in their English.”的意思是“许多学生想知道如何提高他们的英语水平”，与短文中“Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English.”意思相近，该句意思是“许多学生寻求关于如何提高他们英语的建议”。故填Many students ask for advice about how to improve their English.
41．Watching films and listening to songs意思是“看电影和听歌曲”；are意思是“是”；great ways to learn English意思是“学习英语的好方法”。故填：看电影和听歌曲是学习英语的好方法。
42．根据“And before you begin, you should smile at her!”可知，在和陌生人开始交谈之前，你应该对她微笑。故填You should smile at her.
43．根据“Zhang Lei from Anhui wrote, ‘I write down new words, but I forget them quickly. How can I remember them ’”可知，张磊写下了新单词，但很快就忘了，他问如何能记住它们，由此可知“them”指代的是“new words”。故填New words.
44．forget new words“忘记新单词”；is very normal“是很正常的”，句子陈述客观事实，时态用一般现在时，it作形式主语，动词不定式作真正主语，所以be动词用is。故填It’s very normal to forget new words!
45．Most earthworms are generally between 10 and 30 centimeters long. However, the Gippsland earthworm can grow up to 3 meters long. 46．They create tunnels as they move through the soil, which help air and water reach the underground parts of plants, making the soil wet and loose. They also eat dead leaves and dead plants and pass the waste filled with nutrients into the soil, making the soil rich. 47．事实上，我们应该感谢蚯蚓，因为我们餐盘中的许多美味又健康的食物都得益于它们。 48．它们一生都生活在土壤里。 49．The Importance of Earthworms
【导语】本文主要讲述了蚯蚓虽然小，但它们对农民和土壤等方面有着重要作用。
45．根据文中“Most earthworms are generally between 10 and 30 centimeters long. However, if you traveled to Australia, you might see the world’s longest earthworm—the Gippsland earthworm. It can grow up to 3 meters long.”可知，大多数蚯蚓一般在10到30厘米长，但吉普斯兰蚯蚓能长到3米长。故填Most earthworms are generally between 10 and 30 centimeters long. However, the Gippsland earthworm can grow up to 3 meters long.
46．根据文中“As they move through the soil, they create tunnels (管状通道). The tunnels help air and water reach the underground parts of plants. This makes the soil wet and loose (疏松的). Earthworms also eat dead leaves and dead plants. Then they pass the waste (粪便) into the soil. Their waste is filled with nutrients (营养). This makes the soil rich.”可知，蚯蚓在土壤中移动时创造通道，帮助空气和水到达植物地下部分，使土壤湿润疏松；还吃枯叶和死植物，把富含营养的粪便排入土壤，使土壤肥沃。故填They create tunnels as they move through the soil, which help air and water reach the underground parts of plants, making the soil wet and loose. They also eat dead leaves and dead plants and pass the waste filled with nutrients into the soil, making the soil rich.
47．In fact“事实上”；we“我们”；should“应该”；thank earthworms“谢谢蚯蚓”；for many of the delicious and healthy foods on our plates“因为我们盘子上许多美味和健康的食物”。故填：事实上，我们应该感谢蚯蚓，因为我们餐盘中的许多美味又健康的食物都得益于它们。
48．“They”指代蚯蚓，“live their whole lives”表示“度过它们的一生”，“in soil”表示“在土壤里”。故填：它们一生都生活在土壤里。
49．文章主要讲述了蚯蚓虽然小，但它们对农民和土壤等方面有着重要作用，所以标题可以是“The Importance of Earthworms”（蚯蚓的重要性）。故填The Importance of Earthworms。
50． Chinese and English online cheer her up understand different 51．It comes from a famous old Chinese story. 52．Being able to use Chinglish properly and also communicate well in standard English. 53．Yes. Because it can be fun and help share Chinese culture, as long as the friend understands. (答案不唯一，合理即可)
【导语】本文主要介绍了中式英语的定义、流行原因、外国人喜欢它的原因、使用时的注意事项以及它作为文化桥梁的作用。
50．第1空：根据文章第2段“It is a mix of Chinese and English.”可推知，中式英语是中英语言的混合体。故填Chinese and English。
第2空：根据文章第2段“It all started when a foreign girl put a sad photo online.”可推知，外国女孩把悲伤的照片放到了网上。故填online。
第3空：根据文章第2段“Some nice Chinese people created some funny Chinglish, such as ‘You swan, he frog’ to cheer her up.”可推知，一些中国人用中式英语让她振作起来。故填cheer her up。
第4空：根据文章第4段“It helps a lot to understand Chinese culture better.”可推知，它有助于更好地理解中国文化。故填understand。
第5空：根据文章第5段“Different situations call for different ways.”可推知，不同情况需要不同的方式。故填different。
51．根据第2段“The expression (表达) comes from a famous old Chinese story.”可知，“You swan, he frog” 这一表达来自一个著名的中国古老故事。故填It comes from a famous old Chinese story.
52．根据第6段“After all, being able to use Chinglish properly and also communicate well in standard English makes you a true language user!”可知，能正确使用中式英语且能用标准英语良好交流的人是真正的语言使用者。故填Being able to use Chinglish properly and also communicate well in standard English.
53．本题为开放性试题，答案不唯一。可结合文章对中式英语作为文化桥梁的描述，说明其能增加趣味性并分享中国文化（只要朋友能理解）。故填Yes. Because it can be fun and help share Chinese culture, as long as the friend understands.
54．Heroes 55．youngest 56．harmful 57．remove 58．activity 59．better 60．I can recycle paper, save water, and go to school by bike.
【导语】本文介绍了三位为保护地球做出贡献的年轻人及其行动。
【详解】54．根据“Young Litter Hero”，“Young Plastic Hero”和“Young Tree Hero”可知，文章介绍的是三位年轻的“英雄”，空前有“Three”，空处应是复数“Heroes”。故填Heroes。
55．根据“Harlee, 6, from the UK, is thought to be younger than any other litter-picker in his country.”可知，Harlee是全国年龄最小的垃圾清理者，空处应是形容词最高级youngest。故填youngest。
56．根据“The plastic does harm to animals and plants in the ocean.”可知，塑料对海洋生物有害，be harmful to“对……有害”。故填harmful。
57．根据“‘The goal of my project is to take every single-use plastic away from our planet,’ explains Tony.”可知，Tony的项目目标是清除星球上所有的一次性塑料，remove“去除，使消失”，不定式符号to后接动词原形。故填remove。
58．根据“In 2017, she started an activity called Children With Nature to show other kids how they can make a difference in their own area.”可知，“Children With Nature”是一项活动。故填activity。
59．根据“No matter how old or young you are, you can start making a difference,”和“If more of us can be like these young people, it will certainly make life better for everyone.”可知，无论年龄大小，每个人都能让地球变得“更好”，过上更好的生活。故填better。
60．开放性试题，结合自身实际，回答言之有理即可。参考答案为I can recycle paper, save water, and go to school by bike.
61． relax tiring 62． average reason 63． for mind 64． calm than 65．Enjoying it without pressure./Doing it just for fun.
【导语】本文主要介绍享受爱好的秘诀。
61．根据“Last summer, for the first time in my adult life, I started a new hobby: yoga (瑜伽). My goal was just to relax after a tiring working day in a healthy way.”可知，把瑜伽当爱好的初衷只是在辛苦的工作日结束后，能以一种健康的方式放松身心。故填relax；tiring。
62．根据“One study shows that the average lifespan (有效期) of a hobby is 16 months. One leading reason for this is the strong wish to be excellent at the hobby.”可知，一项研究表明，一项爱好活动的平均持续时间约为16个月。造成这一现象的一个主要原因是人们有着强烈的愿望想要在该爱好方面做到出色。故填average；reason。
63．根据“Experts say that having a hobby just for fun not only makes it more enjoyable; it can also be a big win for the mind.”可知，专家们表示，仅仅出于乐趣而拥有的爱好不仅会让其更具趣味性，而且对大脑也有很大的益处。故填for；mind。
64．根据“We can calm our ‘thinking mind’ while we just focus on an interesting hobby.”和“Now I am thinking about taking up another hobby—skating—and hoping to get more laughs than wounds from this cool sport!”可知，我们可以暂时放空“思考大脑”，全身心投入到一项有趣的爱好中去。我希望通过滑冰能收获更多的欢笑，而非受伤。故填calm；than。
65．本题属于开放性试题，言之有理即可。故填Enjoying it without pressure./Doing it just for fun.
66． by himself 67．In Hunan Province. 68．Lovely. 69．Because he was encouraged by their spirit.
【导语】本文主要介绍了黄永玉的生平，特别是他自己学画以及设计了一张很受欢迎的猴年邮票，并且他对睡莲的精神特别感兴趣。
66．句意：事实上，黄永玉是自学艺术的。其中on his own意为“他自己”，可以替换成by himself“独自，独立”，故填by；himself。
67．根据“Huang was a Chinese artist born in Hunan Province in 1924.”可知，黄永玉出生在湖南省，故填In Hunan Province.
68．根据“With a red background, the monkey on the stamp looked lovely.”可知，邮票上的猴子看起来很可爱，故填Lovely.
69．根据“Other people were interested in water lilies because of their beauty. However, he was encouraged by the spirit of water lilies.”可知，黄永玉对睡莲有特殊兴趣是因为他被睡莲的精神所鼓舞，故填Because he was encouraged by their spirit.
70．People who are about the same age as you. 71．Good and bad peer pressure. / Good peer pressure and bad peer pressure. 72．Why peer pressure works / Why peer pressure can/will influence you / Why peer pressure influences you / Why people have peer pressure/ The reasons why you feel peer pressure / What will/can cause peer pressure / What will/can make you feel peer pressure/ When you have/feel peer pressure / How peer pressure works 73．Walk away. / Say no and walk away. / Refuse it and walk away. / Don’t talk about it anymore. / Walk away proudly. / Say no, walk away, feel proud. 74．Yes, he is. Because he wants to be accepted by his peers. / Because he doesn’t want to stand out. / Because he is afraid others will make fun of him. / Because he feels he has to do the same things as his peers. / Because he feels he has to wear the same shoes that his peers are wearing. 75．①My friend studied better than me. I felt peer pressure. I wanted to study as well as her. So I tried my best to study hard every day. Now, I have made great progress. / ②Some of my friends got their ears pierced. They kept pressuring me to get my ears pierced. I refused to do it because it went against my values and school rules.
【导语】本文主要介绍了同伴压力的定义、类型以及应对方法。
【详解】70．根据“Peers are people who are about the same age as you.”可知，peers是指和你年龄相仿的人。故填People who are about the same age as you.
71． 根据“Good peer pressure”和“Bad peer pressure”可知，文中介绍了两种同伴压力：好的同伴压力和坏的同伴压力。故填Good and bad peer pressure. / Good peer pressure and bad peer pressure.
72．根据文中内容，特别是“People often want to be accepted by their peers and not feel as if they stand out because they are different in some way.”可知，这一段主要讲述了为什么会有同伴压力/什么会造成同伴压力/同伴压力是如何奏效的。故填Why peer pressure works / Why peer pressure can/will influence you / Why peer pressure influences you / Why people have peer pressure/ The reasons why you feel peer pressure / What will/can cause peer pressure / What will/can make you feel peer pressure/ When you have/feel peer pressure / How peer pressure works。
73．根据文中“If you answer ‘yes’ to any of these questions, you are feeling bad peer pressure… Then walk away and feel proud that you made a good decision.”可知，当你感受到坏的同伴压力时，你应该表示拒绝，走开，并以你做出好的决定为傲。故填Walk away. / Say no and walk away. / Refuse it and walk away. / Don’t talk about it anymore. / Walk away proudly. / Say no, walk away, feel proud.
74．根据“Peer pressure is when you feel pressured to do something because your peers are doing it, or are trying to make you do it.”可知，即使没有人直接告诉Mike他应该买那种鞋，但他因为看到其他同学都穿那种鞋而感到自己也应该买，这就是同伴压力。故填Yes, he is. Because he wants to be accepted by his peers. / Because he doesn’t want to stand out. / Because he is afraid others will make fun of him. / Because he feels he has to do the same things as his peers. / Because he feels he has to wear the same shoes that his peers are wearing.
75．这个问题是开放性的，答案可以根据个人经历来回答。参考答案：①My friend studied better than me. I felt peer pressure. I wanted to study as well as her. So I tried my best to study hard every day. Now, I have made great progress./②Some of my friends got their ears pierced. They kept pressuring me to get my ears pierced. I refused to do it because it went against my values and school rules.
76．The ocean. 77．6. 78．现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。 79． long protect help unless depend remain
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了海洋探索的发展历程，特别介绍了中国在这方面取得的伟大成就。
76．根据“Today the ocean is still strange to us. We are making efforts to explore (探索) (A) it.”可知如今海洋对于我们来说依然陌生，我们正在努力去探索它，故此处it指代“海洋”。故填The ocean.
77．根据“Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China”可知中国自主设计研制的多艘载人深海潜水器已完成数千次下潜，中国的海洋勘探事业迅速发展，因此“has taken off”这里解释为“发展或成功”，正好对应词典解释第6条“take off”突然开始成功，开始发红，突然有了起色。故填6.
78．there is有；now现在； greater understanding of更深入的了解；the life in the ocean海洋生物。故填：现在人们对海洋生物有了更深入的了解。
79．根据“The first ship sailed (航海) all the way around the world about five hundred years ago. And the first journey to the deep sea floor was no more than one hundred years ago.”可知第一次航行至深海底则不超过一百年前，海洋探索的历史不够悠久，第一个空填long；根据“The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.”可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，所以潜水员没有特定的设备来保护自己，protect“保护”，动词不定式符号to后加动词原形；根据“The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.”可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即人类意识到潜水设备对于进一步的探索有着巨大的帮助，help“帮助”；根据“The huge pressure of the water would break an unprotected diver. That was why people needed special equipment.”可知巨大的水压会压垮没有防护的潜水员，这就是为什么人们需要特殊的设备，即除非他们有特殊的设备，否则他们无法到达海底，unless“除非”；根据“Many manned deep-sea submersibles have completed thousands of dives since they were designed and developed independently by China. Fendouzhe, for example, can take humans to depths of over 10, 000 meters and collect materials for research.”可知我们中国人完全依靠自己，设计了一些著名的潜水器，depend on“依靠”，句子用一般现在时，主语是we，谓语动词用原形；根据“We have realized our dependence on healthy oceans and that there’s still a lot remaining to be discovered in the ocean”可知海洋中仍有许多未知的东西有待观察，remain“仍然存在”，句子用一般现在时，主语是名词复数，谓语动词用原形。故填long；protect；help；unless；depend；remain。
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