【弯道超车】Unit 5 Power of Ideas 核心语法之一般过去时的被动语态-2026-2027学年人教版(新教材)九年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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【弯道超车】Unit 5 Power of Ideas 核心语法之一般过去时的被动语态-2026-2027学年人教版(新教材)九年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

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/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年人教版九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练
(新教材)Unit 5 Power of Ideas
核心语法:一般过去时的被动语态
一、核心概念
一般过去时的被动语态表示过去某个时间发生的被动动作,即主语是动作的承受者,且该动作发生在过去。
核心含义: “(在过去)被……”
结构: was/were + 过去分词(p.p.)
主动语态(过去) 被动语态(过去)
I cleaned the room yesterday. The room was cleaned by me yesterday.
They built the bridge in 2010. The bridge was built in 2010.
二、基本结构
构成:was/were + 过去分词
主语 be动词(过去式) 过去分词 例句
I / He / She / It was + 过去分词 The work was finished yesterday.
You / We / They were + 过去分词 The cars were washed last Sunday.
句式变化:
句式 结构 例句
肯定句 主语 + was/were + 过去分词 The bridge was built in 2010.
否定句 主语 + was/were + not + 过去分词 The bridge was not built in 2010.
一般疑问句 Was/Were + 主语 + 过去分词? Was the bridge built in 2010
特殊疑问句 疑问词 + was/were + 主语 + 过去分词? When was the bridge built
三、主动语态变被动语态的方法
三步转换法:调换位置:主动句的宾语 → 被动句的主语;主动句的主语 → 被动句的宾语(前加 by)
改变动词:主动句的谓语动词(过去式)→ was/were + 过去分词(时态不变)
调整人称/数:was/were 与新的主语保持人称和数的一致
转换示例:
主动语态 被动语态
I finished the work yesterday. The work was finished by me yesterday.
They built the bridge in 2000. The bridge was built in 2000.
The teacher asked me a question. I was asked a question by the teacher.
People visited the museum last year. The museum was visited last year.
四、常用时间状语
一般过去时的被动语态常与以下时间状语连用:
yesterday / yesterday morning / yesterday afternoon
last night / last week / last month / last year
...ago:two days ago, three years ago
in + 过去年份:in 2010, in 2008
at that time / at that moment:那时
just now:刚才
例句:The work was finished yesterday.
The bridge was built in 2010.
The meeting was held last Friday.
The window was broken just now.
五、含情态动词的过去被动(考点)
结构: 情态动词 + have been + 过去分词(表示过去本应/本可能被……)
主动语态 被动语态
You should have finished the work. The work should have been finished.
They must have sent the letter. The letter must have been sent.
例句:The work should have been finished yesterday.(这项工作本应在昨天完成。)
The letter must have been sent to the wrong address.(那封信一定是被寄错了地址。)
六、被动语态中“by + 宾语”的省略
被动语态中的 by + 动作执行者 在以下情况可以省略:
省略情况 示例
执行者不言自明 The bridge was built in 2010.(显然是人建的)
执行者不重要 The room was cleaned yesterday.(谁打扫不重要)
执行者不明 My bike was stolen last night.(不知道是谁偷的)
强调承受者 The book was written in 1990.(强调书)
七、主动语态与被动语态对比
对比项 主动语态 被动语态
结构 主语 + 动词过去式 + 宾语 主语 + was/were + 过去分词
侧重点 强调谁做的 强调被做了什么
示例 I bought the book. The book was bought by me.
示例 They built the house. The house was built.
八、易错点与难点突破
1. be 动词与主语的数一致
The books was written by him.
The books were written by him.
2. 过去分词形式错误
The work was did by Tom.
The work was done by Tom.
3. 时间状语混用
The work has been finished yesterday.
The work was finished yesterday.
4. 不及物动词无被动语态
The accident was happened yesterday.
The accident happened yesterday.
常见无被动语态的动词: happen, take place, break out, belong to, consist of, die, appear, seem, become, occur
九、思维导图总结
十、记忆口诀
一般过去被动口诀:
被动语态过去时,was/were 加过分;
过去时间要牢记,yesterday 和 last 系列。
主动变被动三步走,宾变主来主变宾;
不及物动词无被动,这一点要记分明。
1.The date of the meeting for this project ________ last Friday.
A.was fixed B.is fixed C.will be fixed D.has been fixed
2.A new school ___________ last year in my hometown.
A.set up B.sets up C.is set up D.was set up
3.Many artifacts (文物) ________ in Sanxingdui Site in Guanghan, Sichuan province, on March 20, 2021.
A.were discovered B.will be discovered
C.are discovered D.discover
4. The task ____ into four parts. The workers finished them easily.
A.is divided B.will be divided C.was divided
5.—Why did you leave that position
—I__________ a better position at IBM.
A.offer B.offered C.am offered D.was offered
6.一 When _____________ our teaching building ______________
一 In 2006.
A.is; built B.does; build C.did; build D.was; built
7.The flat of the famous architect ________ at the price of 8 million dollars last year.
A.will sell B.will be sold C.sold D.was sold
8.This novel ________ into three languages by the famous translator last year.
A.will be translated B.is translated
C.was translated D.has been translated
9. A lot of trees and grass ____ in my school last month.Now it looks more beautiful.
A.planted B.are planted C.was planted D.were planted
10.It is amazing to the whole world that this hospital ________ in 10 days.
A.completed B.were completed C.will complete D.was completed
11.Our team lost! We ________ by the other team.
A.beat B.will beat C.have beaten D.were beaten
12.The police haven't found the little girl who ________ at a supermarket. They' ll keep doing all they can to find her.
A.took away B.taken away C.has taken away D.was taken away
13.Jim ________ that his mother was hurt in an accident.
A.told B.tells C.was told
14.The 33rd Olympic Games ________ in Paris, France from July 26 to August 11, 2024.
A.is held B.were held C.are held D.was held
15.Twenty students in this university ______ to Australia to study last year, and more students are expecting to have the chance next year.
A.are sent B.were sent C.Sent
16.The computer in 1946 in America.
A.is invented B.was invented C.invents D.invented
17. The 9th Asian Winter Games ____ in Harbin, China from February 7th to 14th, 2025.
A.was held B.will be held C.is held
18.These model cars in China in 2013.
A.are made B.were made C.made
19. Jim ____ to develop good habits when he went to the doctor's.
A.tells B.is told C.told D.was told
20.— Do you know Earth Day
— Sure. It ___________________ in 1970 to tell us to protect our planet.
A.sets up B.set up C.is set up D.was set up
21.Oh, my god! Our house last night.
A.broke into B.was breaking into
C.broken into D.was broken into
22.—You look so happy today!
—They told me my suggestion ____ by the headteacher.
A.accepts B.accepted C.is accepted D.was accepted
23.Many trees and flowers ________ in our school last year and they made our school a beautiful garden.
A.have planted B.are planted
C.were planted D.will be planted
24.An official ___________ by some reporters on food problems in
Shanghai yesterday.
A.is interviewing B.is interviewed
C.was interviewing D.was interviewed
25.—This silk scarf looks nice.
—Yes, and it ________ in Thailand.
A.made B.makes C.was made D.making
26.I _______ a nice present _______ my best friend last week.
A.was given; by B.was given; from
C.gave; by D.gave; from
27.— Mr. Wang, I didn't see you this morning. Where did you go
— Oh, I to give a speech.
A.invited B.will invite C.was invited
28.—It's time to go for the meeting.
—It ________ minutes ago.
A.is canceled B.was canceled C.may cancel D.canceled
29. Gina went to the doctor's yesterday and she ____ to take medicine on time.
A.told B.is told C.was told D.has told
30.The singer while still at school.
A.has discovered B.was discovered C.discovered
31.A lot of stories by grandma when I was young.
A.told me B.are told me
C.were told me D.were told to me
32.一Your scarf feels so soft. Where did you buy it
一I bought it in France. But it_____ in China.
A.is, making B.was made C.makes D.made
33.His flight ________ because there was something wrong with the plane. So he had to take the high-speed rail (高铁) from Shenzhen to Xiamen.
A.was canceled B.canceled C.is canceled D.cancels
34.A number of new houses ________ in Wenchuan last year.
A.built B.are built C.were built D.will be built
35. The world's largest astronomy(天文学) museum ____ on July 18th.
A.built B.builds C.is built D.was built
36.When ____ the People's Republic of China ____
A.was; found B.was; founded C.did; found D.does; found
37.Many shops in China ________to shut down as a new law against ivory( 象牙)trade came into effect on January 1st,2018.
A.ordered B.didn't order C.were ordered D.are ordered
38.——Did you go to Jack's birthday party ——No, I _________.
A.am not invited B.wasn't invited
C.haven't invited D.didn't invite
39.It is reported that millions of masks ____________ abroad last week.
A.were sold B.will sell C.sold D.will be sold
40. The Qatar World Cup ____ from November 21 to December 18 last year.
A.holds B.held C.was held D.is held
41.— Why is your bedroom so dirty
— Sorry, Mum. It ___________. I felt very tired after playing soccer.
A.isn't cleaned B.didn't clean C.doesn't clean D.wasn't cleaned
42.A report _____ to us on how to deal with our problems last Monday.
A.is given B.was giving C.will be given D.was given
43.The bridge _________ten years ago.
A.was built B.has built C.built
44.I usually felt very nervous as I ________ to answer the teacher's questions in class.
A.ask B.will ask C.was asked D.have asked
45.Those pictures ________ on the wall by Tom yesterday after school.
A.hangs B.hanged C.were hanged D.were hung
46.Luckily, Tom's lost dog _______ on the street corner yesterday.
A.find B.found C.is found D.was found
47.The young man_______ leave his office around eight o'clock last night.
A.saw to B.is seen to C.was seen D.was seen to
48.—Excuse me. I'm _______ some toys for my son.
—Sorry. The last one _______ yesterday.
A.looking after; was selling B.looking for: was sold
C.looking after; was sold D.looking for; was selling
49. —Eric, you ____ to go to the teachers' office just now. What's up
—We aren't allowed to bring phones to school, but I broke the rule.
A.told B.tell C.are told D.were told
50. —Daming, where are Betty and Tony
—They ____ to hang flags in the hall by the head teacher.
A.asked B.were asked
C.will ask D.will be asked
参考答案及试题解析
1.A
【解析】句意:这个项目的会议日期是上星期五确定的。句中主语date和谓语动词fix之间是被动关系;又根据时间状语last Friday可知,该句应用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为was/were+动词的过去分词,主语date表单数,所以助动词用was,fix的过去分词是fixed。故选A。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
2.D
【解析】句意:去年在我的家乡建立了一所新学校。根据题干和选项可知主语是谓语动词的承受者,用被动语态,排除AB,根据时间last year可知用过去式的被动语态,be动词用过去式,排除C,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意识记一般过去时的被动语态的构成和用法。
3.A
4.C
【解析】句意:任务分为四个部分。工人们轻而易举地完成了它们。A:is divided"被分成",一般现在时的被动语态;B:will be divided"被分成",一般将来时的被动语态;C:was divided"被分成",一般过去时的被动语态。根据下文" The workers finished them easily "的时态是一般过去时,因此此处应用一般过去时的被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查时态语态,本题涉及一般过去时的被动语态。
5.D
【解析】句意:—— 你为什么离开那个职位 ?——我在IBM被提供了一个更好的职位。offer提供,动词;offer sb. sth.给某人提供某物,固定短语,根据句意和句子结构可知,此处I是offer的动作承受者,且提供职位是过去的事情,用一般过去时,此处是一般过去时的被动语态,用was/were done形式,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确的时态和语态。
6.D
【解析】句意:——我们的教学楼是什么时候建的?——在2006年。根据过去的时间状语 In 2006 ,且building与build建造,之间是被动关系,可知要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词。主语building,第三人称单数,要用was,build的过去分词built。故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态的构成和用法。根据时间状语和主语与动词之间的关系,确定时态和语态。同时注意主语与动词之间在人称上一致。
7.D
【解析】句意:这位著名建筑师的公寓去年以800万美元的价格售出。A.一般将来时;B.一般将来时的被动语态;C.一般过去时;D.一般过去时的被动语态。根据时间状语last year可知,此句是一般过去时,排除AB;主语flat和谓语动词sell是动宾关系,用被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查时态和语态,注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
8.C
9.D
【解析】句意: 上个月我们学校种了很多树和草。现在它看起来更美了。 根据 last month上个月,可知此处要用一般过去时;主语是trees and grass树和草,与动词plant种植是被动关系;综上所述此处要用一般过去时的被动语态,故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态,注意根据时间状语或句意等判断用哪种时态的被动语态。
10.D
【解析】句意:这家医院在10天内建成,这让全世界都感到惊讶。A.completed一般过去时;B.were completed—般过去时的被动语态;C.will complete一般将来时;D.will be completed一般将来时被动语态。根据"It is amazing to the whole world"可知,这个医院在10天内完成让人觉得不可思议的,代表了动作发生在过去,用一般过去时。主语hospital与谓语动词complete是被动关系,表示"被完成",所以空格处填一般过去时的被动语态was completed,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据句子的逻辑关系确定主谓之间的语态。
11.D
12.D
【解析】句意:警方还没有找到在超市被带走的小女孩。他们会尽全力找到她。take away带走,固定搭配。定语从句中关系词who代指先行词girl,girl是动作take away的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语girl是单数,所以用was,take的过去分词是taken,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,首先根据主语和谓语关系确定语态,然后注意识记一般过去时的被动语态was/were+动词过去分词。
13.C
【解析】句意:吉姆被告诉他的妈妈在事故中受伤了。A过去式,B动词的第三人称单数,C一般过去时态的被动语态。tell是动词,告诉,根据"他的妈妈在事故中受伤了。"可知句子是被动语态,时态是一般过去时态,一般过去时态的被动语态的结构是was/were+动词的过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考查动词的语态和时态。一般过去时态的被动语态的结构是was/were+动词的过去分词。
14.B
15.B
【解析】句意:去年在这个大学的20个学生被送到了澳大利亚去学习。更多的学生们正在期待着明年有更多的机会。根据语境可知是一般过去时态的被动语态,其结构是was/were done的形式。are sent一般现在时的被动语态;Sent一般过去时,结合语境,故选B。
【点评】本题考查一般过去时的被动语态。被送去就是were sent。
16.B
【解析】句意: 电脑是1946年在美国被发明的。根据句意可知这是一件过去的事情了,而且句子的主语computer 与invent 之间构成被动的关系,故应使用被动语态。一般过去时的被动语态应是was/were + 过去分词。故选B。A选项是一般现在时的被动语态;C是一般现在时,D是一般过去时,两项没有用被动语态。
【点评】考查动词。
17.A
【解析】句意:第九届亚洲冬季运动会于2025年2月7日至14日在中国哈尔滨举行。句子的主语"The 9th Asian Winter Games(第九届亚洲冬季运动会)"与谓语动词"hold(举办)"之间是被动关系,即"运动会被举办",所以要用被动语态,其结构为"be + 过去分词",hold的过去分词是held;又根据时间状语"from February 7th to 14th, 2025"可知,是过去的时间,用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态的用法。要注意判断句子主语与谓语动词之间的逻辑关系,若为被动关系则使用被动语态。同时,对于时间状语要准确判断其所表达的时间概念,结合不同时态的被动语态结构来选择正确答案。一般过去时的被动语态结构为"was/were + 过去分词",一般将来时的被动语态结构为"will be + 过去分词"。
18.B
【解析】句意:这些模型小轿车是中国2013年制造的。根据in 2013可知,用一般过去时,cars和make之间是被动关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,其结构为were/was+过去分词,故选B。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态辨析。注意一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
19.D
【解析】句意:当吉姆去看医生时,他被告知养成良好的习惯。tell告诉,动词,过去分词是told。A一般现在时,主动语态; B一般现在时,被动语态; C一般过去时,主动语态;D一般过去时,被动语态。根据when he went to the doctor's(当他去看医生时)可知主句是一般过去时,排除AB。主语Jim是第三人称单数,和谓语动词tell是被动关系,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,构成: was/were+过去分词。故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时被动语态的基本构成及用法。注意tell的过去分词是told。
20.D
【解析】句意:——你知道地球日吗?——当然,地球日设立于1970年,来告诉我保护我们的地球。It指代 Earth Da,It与set up是被动关系,应使用被动语态,根据in 1970,可知时态为过去时,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,主语被定语态在具体语境中的运用。
21.D
【解析】句意:哦,我的天啊!我们的房子昨晚被破门而入了。break into破门而入,固定搭配,主语house是动作break的承受者,时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语house是单数,所以be动词用was,break的过去分词是broken,故选D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意识记其结构。
22.D
【解析】 句意: ——你今天看起来真高兴! ——班主任接受了我的建议。A是第三人称单数形式。B是过去式/过去分词。C是一般现在时的被动语态。D是一般过去时的被动语态。suggestion与accept是被动关系,所以用被动语态,排除AB。主句是一般过去时,所以宾语从句用一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态。C不符合题意,故答案为:D。
【点评】考查动词的时态问题,时态和语态的用法,注意提取关键词,根据关键词辨析正确的时态,完成作答。
23.C
【解析】句意: 去年我们学校种了很多树和花,它们把我们学校变成了一个美丽的花园。 A.现在完成时;B.一般现在时的被动语态;C.一般过去时的被动语态;D.一般将来时的被动语态。根据时间状语last year可知,此句是一般过去时,主语 Many trees and flowers 和谓语动词plant是动宾关系,用一般过去时的被动语态,且主语Many trees and flowers表复数,be动词用were。故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意识记其结构和用法。
24.D
【解析】句意: 昨天一些记者就上海的食品问题采访了一位官员。yesterday是一般过去时标志,interview和official主语是被动关系,故是一般过去时的被动语态,是be done的基本形式,助动词是was,故选D。
【点评】考查时态语态,注意一般过去时被动语态的用法。
25.C
【解析】句意:——这条丝巾看起来不错。——是的,它是泰国制造的。A.制作,一般过去时;B.制作,一般现在时;C.被制作,一般过去时的被动语态;D.制作,动词ing。it代指scarf,是动作make的承受者,所以用被动语态,结构是be+动词过去分词,故选C。
【点评】考查被动语态,首先理解选项区别,然后根据主语和谓语关系确定语态。
26.A
【解析】句意:上周我最好的朋友给了我一个漂亮的礼物。last week,上周,用于一般过去时,I 和give 是被动关系,主语是I,因此要用was given,介词by,表示被,故选A。
【点评】考查被动语态。牢记被动语态的结构,结合时态选出正确答案。
27.C
【解析】句意:——王先生,今天上午没有看到你,你去哪里了,——噢,我被邀请做报告了。问句是一般过去时,根据问答一直的原则答语应该是一般过去时,排除A,invite是及物动词,”我“与”邀请“是被动关系,应使用被动语态。故答案是C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,根据问答一直的原则判定时态,根据主语跟谓语的关系判定语态。
28.B
29.C
【解析】句意:吉娜昨天去了医生那里,医生告诉她要按时吃药。A.告诉,一般过去时;B.被告诉,一般现在时的被动语态;C.被告诉,一般过去时的被动语态;D.已经告诉,现在完成时。went表明时态是一般过去时,排除B、D;主语she是动作tell的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语是第三人称单数,所以用was,tell的过去分词是told,故选C。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意识记其结构和用法。
30.B
【解析】句意:当这个歌手仍然上学时就被发现了。A.现在完成时;B.一般过去时的被动语态;C.一般过去时。根据句子可知时态是一般过去时,主语singer是动作discover的承受者,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,discover的过去分词是discovered,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意识记其结构及句子时态。
31.D
【解析】句意:小时候,奶奶给我讲了许多故事。表示我小时候发生的过去动作,用一般过去时态;主语stories是谓语动词tell的承受者,句子用被动语态;告诉某人某事:tell sth to sb。故选D。
【点评】考查被动语态。
32.B
【解析】句意:——你的围巾摸起来很柔软。你在哪里买的?——我在法国买的。但它是中国制造的。A.正在制造,现在进行时;B.被制造,一般过去时的被动语态;C.制造,一般现在时;D.制造,一般过去时。it代指scarf,围巾,是动作make的承受者,bought表明时态是一般过去时,所以用一般过去时的被动语态,结构是was/were+动词过去分词,主语是单数it,所以用was,make的过去分词是made,故选B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态,注意根据主语和谓语的关系确定语态。
33.A
34.C
【解析】句意: 去年在汶川建了许多新房子。 根据句中last year可知,此处描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,build建造,动词;此处new houses是build的动作承受者,所以此处应该用被动语态,所以此处是一般过去时的被动语态,用was/were done形式,此处主语是a number of 修饰的名词,系动词应该用复数were,故选C。
【点评】 考查一般过去时的被动语态。注意根据语境选择正确时态和语态。
35.D
【解析】句意:世界上最大的天文博物馆于2021年7月18日在上海建成。built建造,一般过去时;
builds建造,一般现在时的三单式;is built被建造,一般现在时的被动语态;was built被建造,一般过去时的被动语态。空处为句子的谓语,动词 "建造" 与主语"The world's largest astronomy(天文学) museum"之间为被动关系,且结合时间状语"on July 18th, 2021"可知,谓语应用一般过去时的被动语态。故选D。
【点评】考查时态(一般过去时)以及语态。注意:在解答谓语动词相关题目时,除了考虑时态以及语态,还需考虑主谓一致。
36.B
【解析】句意:中华人民共和国是什么时候成立的?结合题干When……the People's Republic of China…… 及所给选项的提示可知,主语the People's Republic of China和动词found是被动关系,此句的语态是一般过去时的被动语态,由be (was, were) +过去分词构成。found在此处表示"成立",与find(发现)的过去式含义不一样。其过去分词是founded,故答案为B。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。解答此类试题时,务必根据题目的要求,在准确理解句子意思的前提下,结合被动语态的构成准确作答。
37.C
【解析】句意:因为一部新的法律开始在2018年1月1日生效,禁止象牙交易,中国许多商店被命令关闭。根据on January 1st, 2018,可知用一般过去时,order和many shops是动宾关系,因此用过去时的被动语态,过去时的被动语态由were/was+done构成,故选C。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。注意被动语态由be+done构成。
38.B
【解析】句意:你参加了杰克的生日聚会吗?——不,没有邀请我。结合语境可知下文描述的是过去发生的动作,故用一般过去时态。主语是动作对象,故用被动语态,选B。
【点评】英语中的时态主要是借助于时间状语与上下文语境来进行判断。解答此类题型,首先要注意句子中的时间状语,如果没有则要通过分析上下文,结合语境来判断句子的时态。语态的判断主要是确定句子主语与谓语动词的关系。如果是主动关系则用主动语态,反之如果是动宾关系,则用被动语态,尤其要注意一些特殊动词的用法。
39.A
【解析】句意:据报道,上周有数百万个口罩销往国外。根据时间状语last week可知,空处谓语动词需用一般过去时,排除选项B和D,因为口罩是被销售,所以空处需用一般过去时的被动语态。故选A。
【点评】考查语态,注意一般过去时态的被动语态的用法。
40.C
【解析】句意:卡塔尔世界杯于去年11月21日至12月18日举行。hold举行。A.holds一般现在时;B.held一般过去时;C.was held一般过去时的被动语态;D.is held一般现在时的被动语态。根据时间状语last year可知,此处为一般过去时,主语The Qatar World Cup,是动作的承受者,需用被动语态,故选C。
【点评】考查动词时态语态。熟悉一般过去时的常见时间状语last year,yesterday,in the past等。
41.D
【解析】句意:——为什么你的卧室这么脏?——妈妈,对不起。它没被打扫。我踢足球后,感觉太累了。根据felt very tired 可知此处用一般过去时,故排除AC两项。因为主语it和谓语clean之间表示被动关系,故用被动语态,故排除B项。故选D。
【点评】考查时态和语态的用法。
42.D
【解析】句意:上周一我们做了一个关于怎样处理我们的问题的报道。 根据题意及时间状语可知用一般过去时的被动语态。根据题意故选D。
43.A
【解析】句意:这座桥是10年前被建的。根据ago可知是过去时,bridge与build构成被动关系,故选A。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。
44.C
45.D
46.D
【解析】句意:幸运的是,汤姆丢失的狗昨天在街角被找到了。A:find发现,动词原形;B:found发现,过去式;C:is found被发现,一般现在时的被动语态;D:was found被发现,一般过去时的被动语态。根据空格后yesterday,昨天,可知句子时态为一般过去时,主语dog与动词find之间为被动关系,可知此处为一般过去时的被动语态,结构为be done,主语为单数形式,可知be动词应用was,此处应用was found,故选D。
【点评】考查动词的时态,注意识记一般过去时的被动语态的用法。
47.D
【解析】句意:有人看见那个年轻人昨晚8点左右离开办公室。年轻人被看见离开办公室,用被动语态,根据last night,昨晚,可知句子是一般过去时。用was/were+过去分词。被看见做某事,be seen to do sth,故答案为D。
【点评】考查一般过去时的被动语态。掌握被动语态的构成和用法。
48.B
【解析】句意:——打扰了。我想给我儿子找一些玩具。——对不起。最后一个昨天已经卖了。look for挑选,寻找;look after照看;sell卖。根据空格前有am,要用现在进行时:be(am/is/are)+现在分词;根据答语最后一个是昨天卖的,可知现在正在为儿子挑选玩具,要用looking for;由yesterday昨天,过去的时间状语,且the last one(toy)与与sell之间被动关系,要用一般过去时的被动语态was/were+过去分词,主语the last one,第三人称单数,要用was,sell的过去分词sold,故选B。
【点评】考查时态和语态。注意根据句意确定时态和根据主语与动词之间的关系确定语态。
49.D
【解析】句意:——埃里克,你刚刚被告知要去教师办公室。这是怎么回事?——我们不允许带手机去学校,但我违反了规定。根据题干可知,主语you是动作的承受者,应用被动语态,被动语态:be+动词的过去分词;由just now,可知时态是一般过去时,be动词用were,tell的过去分词是told,故用were told。故选D。
【点评】考查动词的时态和语态。掌握被动语态的用法。
50.B
【解析】句意:——大明,贝蒂和托尼在哪里?——他们被校长要求去在大厅里挂国旗。A过去式,B一般过去时被动语态,C将来时,D一般将来时被动语态,根据by the head teacher,可知是被动语态,描述过去时态用一般过去时,故用一般过去时被动语态,故选B。
【点评】考查时态语态,注意识记一般过去时被动语态的用法。
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