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山东滨州市2025-2026学年高二下学期期末英语试题
一、阅读理解
A
YOUR SCENIC JOURNEY
Blending visits to remote islands with scenic cruising, the Scenic Isles of Scotland sailing offers an escape to the wilder, more dramatic corners of the UK. You’ll be within easy reach of spectacularly remote scenery.
WHAT’S INCLUDED
MONEY-BACK SATISFACTION GUARANTEE++
Fred. Olsen are so confident you’ll love cruising with them, if within 48 hours of boarding you feel it isn’t right for you, they’ll fly you home from the next available port at their expense, and your cruise fare will be refunded in full.
SCENIC ISLES OF SCOTLAND
8 NIGHTS ON BOARD
BOREALIS DEPARTING
19th JULY 2026
·No-fly adults-only cruising on board Borealis
Including++:
—INCLUDED DRINKS with lunch & dinner, including house beer, wine and draught soft drinks
—INCLUDED Tips
—OCEANS MEMBERS SAVE up to 5%±
—On board currency is pound
—All meals included, including afternoon tea & five course à la carte dinners
—Free shuttle service (for ports over one mile from the ship)
·PLUS, book an Ocean View or above by 8pm 31st May 2026 to receive a FREE Duo of Wine Gift+
15% OFF TRAVEL INSURANCE — Please call for more information
SAVE EVERY TIME YOU BOOK-
EARN EXCLUSIVE CRUISE MILES — worth s towards your next cruise with ROL Cruise++
YOUR EXCLUSIVE
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Inside from 1,359pp
Ocean View from 1,699pp
Terrace from 2,699pp
Suite from 3,029pp
Solo Cabins are available from 2,569
ONLY A DEPOSIT TO SECURE YOUR CABIN
1. Which of the following is the departure port
A．Lerwick. B．Loch Hourn. C．Liverpool D．Dutchman’s Cap.
2. When can passengers get their payment back
A．Before paying the cruise fare.
B．After reaching the final destination port.
C．Over three days after getting on the ship.
D．Within two days after boarding the cruise.
3. What’s the purpose of the passage
A．To describe the history of Scottish islands.
B．To compare different cruise lines in the UK.
C．To advertise a scenic cruise around Scotland.
D．To explain how to book a cruise around England.
B
When I was a little girl, I never won any awards at school—not a single one. I attended an academically competitive school where intelligence was highly valued. While I was not a bad student, I was never considered outstanding enough to receive any recognition. Those were the days before it became fashionable to praise children for every little effort.
At that time, my parents often received feedback from teachers that I was not living up to my full potential. Such constant criticism chipped away at my self-esteem and deeply hurt my confidence, but it did not break me. Instead, it ignited a strong desire to prove everyone wrong, a fire of determination that would drive me for years to come.
During my college years, I developed a deep interest in psychology and educational theories. I wanted to understand how to support and encourage children in a way that I had never felt supported myself. Later, I decided to pursue a doctorate in psychology, a goal that the director of studies at my college would have never predicted. I failed to get into my desired graduate program not once, but twice, and it was not until my third attempt that I succeeded. Had it not been for my previous frustrating experiences, I would never have had the willpower to keep trying until the final success.
Today, it is common for parents and teachers to shelter children from criticism and failure, always telling them they are doing a good job to protect their confidence. But as I learned from my own experience, motivation and drive do not come from a life of constant praise and easy success. Experts argue that proper frustration and occasional failure are necessary for growth; some frustration can lead to a feeling of wanting to do better next time and generate the non-destructive aggression that pushes us to try harder and do better.
4. What was the author’s childhood education like
A．Inspiring. B．Caring. C．Demanding. D．Dominating.
5. What was the author’s response to her teachers’ feedback
A．She broke down and quit.
B．She got annoyed but forgave.
C．She shrugged it off and forgot.
D．She got hurt but still survived.
6. Why is the author’s doctoral journey mentioned
A．To criticize the previous educational pattern.
B．To motivate others to be as persistent as she.
C．To demonstrate the power of chasing dreams.
D．To imply the value of experiencing frustration.
7. What message does the text convey
A．Well-timed praise lifts the spirits.
B．A man without confidence can’t stand.
C．A smooth sea never makes a skilled sailor.
D．Doubt kills more dreams than failure does.
C
During World War II, people on some Pacific islands saw Allied airplanes land carrying food and tools called “cargo”. After the war ended and the planes stopped coming, some islanders created practices to try to bring them back. They built fake runways out of dirt, made wooden control towers, and wore coconut headphones, copying what soldiers did. They believed that if they copied these actions, the cargo planes would return. But the planes never came. In 1974, physicist Richard Feynman used this story to describe a problem in science, calling it “cargo cult science”.
According to Feynman, cargo cult science refers to practices that follow all the outward appearances and rigorous forms of scientific investigation — such as using precise statistics, writing formatted papers, and conducting experiments — but lack the essential core of scientific integrity. This missing core is a specific type of absolute honesty: a willingness to actively prove oneself wrong, publish failed results, and expose every potential flaw in one’s own theory. Without this deep intellectual honesty, all the complex technical machinery of research is just a meaningless performance, unable to produce true discovery.
Today, education experts say many students show a similar pattern, called “cargo cult learning”. Students may spend long hours highlighting books, working in stylish coffee shops, and using apps to track study time. They copy the visible habits of good students, creating the feeling of hard work. But these surface actions often hide weak real thinking. Simply making neat notes or doing many practice problems without deep thinking or learning from mistakes leads to little progress. They often feel productive, but the learning is shallow and quickly forgotten over time.
The main lesson is that success does not come from copying the outside forms of work. True learning needs real understanding, which includes facing confusion, questioning ideas, and seeking clear understanding instead of only appearance. Real growth requires embracing difficulty, learning from errors, and focusing on understanding rather than performance or appearance itself fully.
8. Why did the islanders imitate what Allied soldiers had done
A．They attempted to attract more tourists.
B．They wanted to resolve a scientific problem.
C．They tried to drive away foreign Allied soldiers.
D．They expected cargo planes to return with supplies.
9. What does the underlined word “rigorous” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Strict. B．Casual. C．Simple D．Flexible
10. Which of the following shows “cargo cult learning”
A．Digesting knowledge after practice
B．Spending much time on fancy notes.
C．Thinking deeply while doing exercises.
D．Learning lessons from previous mistakes.
11. What might be the best title of the text
A．Growth and True Learning
B．Cargo Cult Science and Fake Effort
C．The Great Physicist Feynman’s Theory
D．The Follow-up Effect of World War II
D
Humans’ ongoing expansion into natural environments might be triggering the evolution of a new household pet, one that’s increasingly comfortable in the urban spaces we create. Researchers from the University of Arkansas at Little Rock (UALR) noticed anatomical (解剖学的) changes in racoons and wondered whether these little trash pandas are actually undergoing a domestication process simply by spending so much time around us.
The research showed a clear difference between racoons avoiding human environments and those thriving in urban areas. Like dogs, urban racoons displayed shorter snouts, likely because tamer individuals are better tolerated by humans and more successful in cities. What draws them closer to our habitats in the first place, however, is our abundant and easily accessible garbage.
The research team notes in their study that many people think of domestication as a purely human-driven, “unnatural” process. But animals can also adapt to human environments on their own by seeking abundant resources and safety from predators. Over time, these conditions can lead to features associated with domestication even without direct human involvement.
To thrive in this new environment, animals benefit from adapting to harmonize with humans, appearing tamer and less fearful. The researchers argue that these early stages of domestication are driven entirely by natural selection. Their observations align with the Neural Crest Domestication Syndrome (NCDS) hypothesis, which suggests that animals undergoing domestication show similar anatomical changes that begin early in embryonic(胚胎) development. These shifts often appear as smaller skulls, floppy ears, pigmentation changes, and curly tails.
What’s more, their study will be repeated with other urban mammals, such as armadillos and opossums, to test whether similar domestication patterns appear across species. Still, their findings on racoons highlight how humans’ presence alone can act as a driver of evolution, and who knows, may eventually bring us a brand-new pet. Raffaela Lesch, assistant professor of biology at the UALR said, “It would be fitting and funny if our next domestic species were racoons. I feel like it would be funny if we called the domestic version of the raccoon the trash panda.”
12. What does the underlined phrase “trash pandas” refer to
A．Rural dogs. B．Urban racoons.
C．Household pets. D．Domestic Pandas.
13. What mainly attracts racoons to human homes
A．Plenty of easy-to-get garbage.
B．Protection from wild predators.
C．Safe shelters provided by people.
D．Friendly treatment from humans.
14. What pushes the early period of domestication according to researchers
A．Climate changes.
B．Natural selection.
C．Human training programmes.
D．Embryo medical treatment.
15. What can we infer from the last paragraph
A．Racoons are likely to be kept as pets in the future.
B．Scientists have domesticated wild racoons successfully.
C．Mammals’ domestication patterns are exactly the same.
D．Opossums and armadillos show obvious domestication changes.
七选五
Chatbots powered by artificial intelligence (AI) large language models (LLMs) are becoming more human-like by design. Do LLMs have personality ____16____ “Vast quantities of human-generated training data enable LLMs to mimic human characteristics in their outputs and exhibit a form of synthetic (合成的) personality,” said the authors of a new study in Nature Machine Intelligence.
The more personable a chatbot is, the more potential for connections and influence on humans. The upside is that the user experience may be more engaging. The downside is that the persuasiveness may not necessarily be a positive influence. ____17____
“As LLMs increasingly power conversational agents used by the general public worldwide, the synthetic personality traits inserted in these models by training on large quantities of human data are becoming increasingly important to evaluate,” the authors wrote. ____18____ According to a 2025 YouGov Survey of 1,132 Americans aged 18 and older, 56% of American adults used AI tools, higher than that in previous years. ____19____ According to the 2025 Pew Research Center Survey of 1,458 American teens, 68% between the ages of 15-17 years old and 57% of 13-to 14-year-old teens reported using AI chatbots, and three-in-ten teens interact with AI chatbots daily. The most used chatbot among teens is ChatGPT (59%), followed by Gemini (23%), Meta AI (20%), Copilot (14%), Character AI (9%), and Claude (3%).
“So far, validated psychometric methods for human personality measurement have not been applied to LLMs end-to-end. ____20____ However, scientists still need to formally check whether the results are actually reliable and meaningful when used on LLMs.” the researchers wrote.
A．Yet this question divides scientists.
B．The answer lies in their human training data.
C．This growing importance is seen in rising AI usage.
D．In short, LLMs’ personality is a double-edged sword.
E．The youths use AI chatbots widely, with clear preferences.
F．Actually, past studies have tried measuring personality in LLMs.
G．Researchers have concluded that these methods are unsuitable for LLMs.
二、完形填空
Mr. Henderson was widely regarded as the most bad-tempered man on Willow Street. He lived in a house with a high wooden fence and a lawn so ____21____ mowed (修剪) that it looked like a green carpet. He ____22____ a ten-year-old boy named Sam frequently peering through the gaps in his fence. The boy was clearly ____23____ by Mr. Henderson’s prize-winning roses.
“Move along, kid! This isn’t a park!” Mr. Henderson ____24____ one afternoon. But Sam didn’t ____25____. Instead, he pointed to a particularly vibrant red rose and asked softly, “How do you make them grow so straight ” Caught off guard by the boy’s genuine ____26____, the old man found himself explaining the importance of pruning (剪枝) and soil quality. What began as a few grumbled words through a fence evolved into a daily afternoon ____27____. Mr. Henderson began to look forward to Sam’s questions, and Sam began to look forward to the old man’s stories.
The ____28____ went far beyond the flowerbeds. Mr. Henderson began to smile at ____29____, and Sam started spending less time on his tablet and more time with his hands in the dirt. Together, they decided to tackle a nearby ____30____ lot (小块土地) that had been a local eyesore for years. They ____31____ the trash and planted a mixture of sunflowers, tomatoes, and marigolds. Eventually, the lot had become a vibrant community ____32____.
Neighbors who had previously ____33____ Mr. Henderson’s house now stopped by to offer ____34____ or help with the weeding. The “bad-tempered man” was now the heart of the street. He ____35____ that while he had taught Sam how to grow roses, Sam had taught him how to live again.
21. A．randomly B．regularly C．perfectly D．automatically
22. A．anticipated B．heard C．prevented D．noticed
23. A．confused B．astonished C．touched D．fascinated
24. A．whispered B．sighed C．barked D．commented
25. A．turn around B．run away C．give in D．check out
26. A．curiosity B．thought C．passion D．response
27. A．debate B．workout C．routine D．discussion
28. A．procedure B．transformation C．progress D．guidance
29. A．neighbors B．friends C．strangers D．passers-by
30. A．naked B．abandoned C．productive D．neat
31. A．stacked B．threw C．cleared D．recycled
32. A．garden B．field C．playground D．backyard
33. A．avoided B．ignored C．supported D．investigated
34. A．books B．seeds C．money D．food
35. A．wondered B．doubted C．ensured D．realized
三、语法填空
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
From February 21st to 25th, the National Excellent Folk Art Program Exhibition of 2024 Huji Shuhui, organized by the Chinese Quyi Artists Association, Shandong Provincial Federation of Literary and Art Circles, and other units, ____36____ (hold) in Huimin County, Shandong Province, known as the “hometown of Chinese Quyi”. It presented the audience ____37____ a wonderful cultural feast.
It’s reported that 16 excellent programs were selected from nearly 200 programs ____38____ (submit) by 20 provinces and autonomous regions across the country for this exhibition. This means the selection process was ____39____ (competitive) than many other similar cultural events.
During the event, over 400 folk artists from 20-odd provinces and cities throughout the country performed onstage and showcased their talents. The audience was treated to a ____40____ (diverse) of local art performances, including Shandong Clapper Ballad, Yancheng Flower Drum, etc. These performances feature singing, dancing, and instrumental music, ____41____ (provide) the audience with a rich opera banquet that meets their desire ____42____ (experience) traditional Chinese opera.
The Huji Shuhui originated in the Song and Yuan dynasties, ____43____ continued to thrive during the Ming and Qing dynasties. It has been passed down to the present day, with ____44____ history of over 800 years. Every year on the ____45____ (twelve) day of the first lunar month, it holds a gathering in Huji Town, which is known as a “living fossil” in China’s Quyi Circles.
四、书信写作
46. 暑假将至，学校鼓励学生平衡学习与课余生活，积极参与健身、旅游、志愿服务等实践活动，请你结合自身安排，写一份暑假计划，投稿至校英文报。
注意：
（1）写作词数应为80个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。
My Plan for Summer Holiday
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
五、读后续写
47. 阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
The evening breeze carried the appetizing smell of grilled meat as David and his classmates crowded around a street stand. Laughter and chatter filled the air. David was so delighted, enjoying both the delicious food and the company of his closest friends.
Suddenly, a female cleaner stepped toward the stand, her face lined with exhaustion. After placing an order, she was scanning for a seat when she noticed David’s group. Almost instantly, her expression changed. Instead of taking a seat, she whispered to the stand owner, “I’ll take it away, please.”
The stand owner, a kind-faced man, pointed to an empty table “Please, sit down and eat here. You’ve worked hard all day. Take a rest. ”
But the woman shook her head firmly, her eyes avoiding his gaze “No, no. Just pack it for me. I’m in a hurry. ”
“Come on,” the owner insisted warmly. “Stay and enjoy your meal.” David overheard the conversation and turned his head, only to find that the cleaner was just his mother. His heart leaped, and without thinking, he jumped up from his seat and called out, “Mom! It’s you!”
His mother froze. Her face turned pale, then red. She looked at David, and his well-dressed classmates, who were now staring at her with curiosity. Panic took hold of her. She quickly looked away, pretending not to know him. She grabbed the takeout bag from the owner and muttered, “Sorry, you’ve got the wrong person,” before turning around to run away into the night.
David seized his mother by the hand and asked in confusion, “Mom, why are you in such a hurry to leave ” His mother lowered her head, her eyes reddening, and said, “Son, I’m afraid of embarrassing you. If your classmates find out you’re the son of a cleaner…”
注意：
（1）续写词数应为150个左右；
（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
David held her hand more tightly and replied firmly, “Mom, I don’t care.”
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Feeling the respect and warmth from these teenagers, his mom let go of her worries.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
一、阅读理解
1.C 2.D 3.C 4.C 5.D 6.D 7.C 8.D 9.A 10.B 11.B 12.B 13.A 14.B 15.A
16.B 17.D 18.C 19.E 20.F
二、完形填空
21.C 22.D 23.D 24.C 25.B 26.A 27.D 28.B 29.A 30.B 31.C 32.A 33.A 34.B 35.D
三、语法填空
36.was held 37.with 38.submitted 39.more competitive 40.diversity
41.providing 42.to experience 43.and 44.a 45.twelfth
四、书信写作范文
My Plan for Summer Holiday
The summer holiday is approaching. To balance study and life, I have made a detailed plan.
First, I will finish daily learning tasks and review weak subjects regularly. Besides study, I plan to do sports every morning to keep fit. I will also take part in community volunteer work to help the elderly. If time permits, I will travel with my parents to experience different local cultures.
I believe this meaningful holiday will make me well-rounded.
五、读后续写范文
David held her hand more tightly and replied firmly, “Mom, I don’t care.” He told his mother loudly that he was proud of her hard work instead of feeling ashamed. Hearing this, his classmates walked over one by one. They greeted his mother politely and praised that cleaning work was important for the whole city. One classmate said all jobs deserved equal respect, and no one would laugh at David.
Feeling the respect and warmth from these teenagers, his mom let go of her worries. She smiled gently and sat down to share food with David and his friends. During the meal, she talked about her daily work. David felt extremely warm, knowing love and respect could break the gap caused by different jobs.

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