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2026-2027高中英语 选择性必修一
Unit 5　WORKING THE LAND
单元复习整理
单词默写
【阅读词汇】
1.hybrid n. 　　　　　
2.pollinate vt. 　　　　　
3.strain n. 　　　　　
4.celebrity n. 　　　　　
5.broom n. 　　　　　
6.grain n. 　　　　　
7.tunnel n. 　　　　　
8.wheat n. 　　　　　
9.flavour (NAmE -vor) n. 　　　　　
10.fertiliser (NAmE -izer) n. 　　　　　
11.pesticide n. 　　　　　
12.bacterium n. (pl.-ria) 　　　　　
【写作词汇】
13.　　　　　　 vt.解决(难题);应付(局面);处理
14.　　　　　　 n.(pl. crises)危机;危急关头
15.　　　　　　 vt.使增长;使兴旺 n.增长;提高;激励
16.　　　　　　 n.产量;产出 vt.出产(作物);产生(收益、效益等) vi.屈服;让步
17.　　　　　　 n.特征;特点;品质 adj.典型的; 独特的
18.　　　　　　 vt.(通常经过努力)获得;得到
19.　　　　　　 adj.热切的;十分强烈的;激烈的
20.　　　　　　 vt.(　　　　,　　　　)克服;解决;战胜
21.　　　　　　 n.产量;输出;输出量 vt. (　　　　,　　　　)输出
22.　　　　　　 vt.估计;估价;估算 n.估计;估算
23.　　　　　　 adj.本国的;国内的;家用的;家庭的
24.　　　　　　 vt.包括;包含; 由……组成
25.　　　　　　 n.闲暇;休闲;空闲
26.　　　　　　 n.泥土;土壤;国土;领土
27.　　　　　　 vt.减轻;缓解
28.　　　　　　 adj.有机的;不使用化肥的;有机物的
29.　　　　　　 adj.分布广的;普遍的;广泛的
30.　　　　　　 vt. & vi.消化 vt.领会;领悟n.摘要;文摘
31.　　　　　　 adj.完全必要的;极其重要的
32.　　　　　　 n.矿物;矿物质
33.　　　　　　 n.可供选择的事物 adj.可供替代的;非传统的
34.　　　　　　 n.食品杂货店; [pl.]食品杂货
35.　　　　　　 n.例子;实例;事例
36.　　　　　　 n.根;根茎;根部;根源
37.　　　　　　 adv.全部地;完整地;完全地
38.　　　　　　 n.方面;层面
【拓展词汇】
39.　　　　　　 vt.把……献(给);把……专用于;专心于→　　　　　　 adj.忠诚的;挚爱的→　　　　　　 n.献身;奉献;忠诚
40.　　　　　　 n.不足;缺少;短缺→short adj.短的;矮的;不足的;缺乏的→　　　　　　 v.(使)变短;缩短
41.　　　　　　 vt.使相信;使确信;说服→　　　　　　 adj.令人信服的→　　　　　　 adj.确信的;信服的
42.　　　　　 adj.传统的;习惯的→　　　　　 n.习俗;常规
43.　　　　　　 n.假定;设定;(责任的)承担;(权力的)获得→assume v.假定;假设;认为→　　　　　　 conj.假定,假设
44.　　　　　　 vt. & vi.扩大;增加 vt.扩展;发展(业务)→　　　　　　 n.扩张;扩展;扩大
45.　　　　　　 v.消耗;耗费(燃料、能量、时间等);消费→　　　　　　 n.消耗;消耗量;消费→　　　　　　 n.消费者
46.　　　　　　 vt.产生;引起→　　　　　　 n.代;一代人;产生
47.　　　　　　 n.想象;视力;视野;影像→　　　　　　 vt.展望;想象
48.　　　　　　 adj.真实的→　　　　　　 n.现实;实际情况;事实→　　　　　　 v.实现;意识到→　　　　　　 adv.真正地
49.　　　　　　 n.盐 v.用盐腌制→　　　　　 adj.含盐的;咸的
50.　　　　　 v.延长;延伸;扩大→　　　　　 n.扩建部分;扩大;电话分机
51.　　　　　　 n.化学→　　　　　　 adj.与化学有关的;化学的 n.化学制品;化学品→　　　　　　 n.化学家
52.　　　　　　 n.营养;滋养→　　　　　　 adj.营养(物)的→　　　　　　 adj.有营养的;营养丰富的
53.poor adj. 贫穷的→　　　　　　 n.贫穷;贫困
54.deep adj.深的 adv.深深地;在深处→　　　　　 n.向下(或向里)的距离;深(度)→　　　　　　 v.加深
二．单元语法填空
　My uncle retired last year. Instead of living a life of leisure, he rented a piece of land away from the urban area, devoted to farming. His childhood hero was Yuan Longping, “father of hybrid rice”, who succeeded in tackling the crisis of food 1.　　　　　(short) globally by boosting the rice yields. In the depths of his heart, he is 2.　　　　　 (convince) that he can make a difference just as Yuan did.
My uncle’s farm is comprised 3.　　　　　 several sections where diverse grains like wheat, corn and sorghum are grown. Despite the widespread use of chemical fertilisers, my uncle adopts organic farming. Neither does he use the man-made fertilisers to expand output, 4.　　　　　 does he spray pesticides to kill pests. He is conscious that organic food, though 5.　　　　　　　　　 (grow) slowly, has more nutritional value and 6.　　　　　(good) flavour. Besides, it contains more minerals which are essential to people’s health. From this aspect, there is no alternative to it.
Through intense efforts, my uncle attains a good harvest this year. It is estimated 7.
he can make 20,000 yuan by selling the crops 8.　　　　　(entire). However, he cares little about celebrity or money. Apart from his own domestic 9.　　　　　 (consume), he delivers the crops to his neighbours in need. 10.　　　　　 turn, his neighbours offer to plough the soil for him.
My uncle’s dream has become a reality. Not only has he helped to alleviate poverty, but his kindness also generates a close relationship with local villagers. He envisions an extension of his farm next year with a vision that more strains of crops can take root on his farm.
三．配套小练习Ⅰ 阅读理解
A
Cordero is the farm manager at Ollin Farms, not far from Boulder, Colorado. The locally grown vegetables on the farm aren’t just pretty. “We play an important role in public health nutrition programmes,” says Cordero’s dad, Mark Guttridge, who started this farm with his wife, Kena, 17 years ago.
At a meeting with about a dozen local farmers, two state representatives, and the Colorado officials of agriculture, Guttridge explains how Boulder County has made creative investments in his farm that could be spread to the state or even national level. Before the meeting, Guttridge shows them one of those investments.
A dozen sheep, which Guttridge raises for wool, feed on root vegetables like radishes that have been leftovers for them. “So these guys are out fertilizing the vegetable field,” Guttridge laughs. “They’ll be out here a couple more weeks, and then we’ll get our next summer vegetables planted right there.” Around the field is a special moveable type of fencing that Ollin Farms bought using financial aid from the Boulder County Sustainability Office. It allows them to move the sheep from one field to another, fertilizing as they go. “The goal of these investments is really building up our soil health,” he explains. “That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food—healthy soil grows healthy food.”
The county also makes an effort to get that healthy food out to different communities to boost public health. That’s where the Boulder County Public Health department comes in. It created a coupon programme to give discounts to people buying fruits and vegetables from Ollin Farms. Nutrition incentive programmes, like those public health fruit and vegetable coupons, are spreading all over the country, and most are funded through the federal farm bill. Amy Yaroch, executive director at the Gretchen Swanson Centre for Nutrition, says “It’s a triple win. It’s basically good for the consumers who live in that particular community because they’re getting the healthy food, it’s good for the farmer, and then it’s good for the economy.”
(　)1.What does Ollin Farms do
A.It makes public nutrition health plans.
B.It offers financial aid to other farms.
C.It provides cheap food to the local community.
D.It grows fruits and vegetables rich in nutrition.
(　)2.How does Boulder County support sustainable farming practices at Ollin Farms
A.By raising sheep on radishes.
B.By buying fences for farmhouses.
C.By funding the farm’s soil health.
D.By giving advice about fertilizing fields.
(　)3.What is Amy’s attitude towards “nutrition incentive programmes”
A.Cautious. 　　　　　B.Dismissive.
C.Unclear. D.Approving.
(　)4.Which is the most suitable title for the text
A.Couponing for health: stimulating nutrition choices
B.Growing health: innovations in farms and public health initiatives
C.Fertile fields and furry friends: a farming fairy tale
D.Local produce, global impact: the nutrition choices of Ollin Farms
B
In parts of Tanzania, soils are disappearing. A combination of climate change and socioeconomic stresses has led to soil ending into nearby rivers and lakes.
Recognizing the threat, the local community set up an environmental committee to allow strategic decision-making for soil restoration. They worked with researchers led by Will Blake at the University of Plymouth, who are experimenting with a gamma ray (伽马射线) sensor that can be easy to carry. It can make a judgement about the health of the soil in several minutes, while the traditional approach is done by taking a small number of samples for lab analysis and takes more time. The community identified areas where the soil was severely reduced, and so excluded their cattle. With the pressure removed, the land re-greened quickly and the soil began to recover.
Blake emphasizes that the technology is only half the story. Scientists helicoptering in and offering solutions doesn’t work, partly because it ignores the autonomy of the farmers themselves and their extensive local environmental knowledge. Instead, Blake recommends “mutual learning”, in which different groups learn from each other and talk openly.
With the advancement of this cooperative approach, some farmers made dramatic changes.“During past seasons, I used to get 4—5 bags of corn per acre using improved varieties of seeds and intensive use of chemical fertilizers,” one reported. After scanning his soils, he switched to natural ones and intercropping between corn and beans, in an attempt to increase the soil quality and agriculture productivity. “Now I am getting 7—9 bags of corn in the same piece of land.”
While this pilot work has focused on the southern part of the earth, there’s a lot other areas can learn from these experiences. Many countries are moving towards regenerative agriculture, which aims to restore soils and ecosystems to make farms more sustainable. “We’ve realized that developing the evidence base together with the communities affected is the most effective way,” Blake says.
(　)5.What can we learn about the new sensor
A.It is invented by a local community.
B.It can quickly assess soil condition.
C.It is difficult to apply in distant areas.
D.It helps collect a number of soil samples.
(　)6.Why does Blake recommend “mutual learning”
A.To share data in the new research.
B.To develop a sustainable solution.
C.To remove the farmers’ burden.
D.To popularize sensor technology.
(　)7.What is Paragraph 4 mainly about
A.Examples of intercropping.
B.Changes in farmers’ awareness.
C.Effects of the new approach.
D.Attempts to increase productivity.
(　)8.Which of the following is the best title for the text
A.What farming brings to the soil health
B.Lost wisdom: traditions in agriculture
C.Sensor technology: the future of farming
D.How soil health cooperation is changing agriculture
●Ⅱ 阅读七选五
Agriculture has come a long way from its ancient beginnings. Long ago, farmers would work hard on their individual plots of land, using simple tools or even their bare hands. They tended to their crops for many hours each day so that the crops grew well. 1.　　　　 For example, a single storm could destroy a whole year’s work, while a summer of good weather could ensure a good harvest.
Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour involved in farming, along with the reliance on luck and guesswork. 2.　　　
Probably one of the most beneficial innovations is drip irrigation, which has made it possible to develop big, green farms in the middle of the desert. Simcha Blass, an Israeli scientist, discovered this new way of irrigation in the 1930s. Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on dry land without needing much water. 3.　　　　 The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies moisture (水分) to weeds, keeping them from harming the crops.
4.　　　　 However, what if an area has plenty of water, but little usable soil As it turns out, it is possible to grow plants without using soil at all. With hydroponics (水培), plant roots are supported by rocks or a fibre mat. Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow. Recent research has centred on vertical hydroponics farming. With a vertical farm, the crops are planted in containers that are piled into plant skyscrapers. 5.　　　　
With such technological advances, the image of a farmer pushing a plough will eventually become a thing of the past.
A.Luck played a great part in farming.
B.Some areas would be too dry to grow crops.
C.Drip irrigation deals with a lack of water in an area.
D.There have been experiments to make drip irrigation a reality.
E.This irrigation method uses far less water than other methods.
F.Furthermore, nearly all hydroponics farms are partially or fully automated.
G.Farmers have benefited greatly from innovations in crop production.
参考答案
一． 词句默写
Ⅰ 【阅读词汇】
1.杂交植(动)物; 合成物; 混合动力车　2.授粉; 传粉
3.(动、植物的)系; 品种; 拉伤; 压力　4.名望; 名誉; 名人; 名流　5.扫把; 扫帚; 金雀花　6.谷物; 谷粒; 颗粒　7.地下通道; 地道; 隧道　8.小麦; 小麦籽　9.味道; 特点; 特色
10.肥料　11.杀虫剂; 除害药物　12.细菌
【写作词汇】
13.tackle　14.crisis　15.boost　16.yield
17.characteristic　18.attain　19.intense　20.overcome; overcame; overcome　21.output; output; output　22.estimate
23.domestic　prise　25.leisure　26.soil
27.alleviate　28.organic　29.widespread　30.digest
31.essential　32.mineral　33.alternative　34.grocery　35.instance　36.root　37.entirely　38.aspect
【拓展词汇】
39.devote; devoted; devotion　40.shortage; shorten
41.convince; convincing; convinced　42.conventional; convention　43.assumption; assuming　44.expand; expansion
45.consume; consumption; consumer　46.generate; generation　47.vision; envision　48.real; reality; realize; really　49.salt; salty　50.extend; extension　51.chemistry; chemical; chemist　52.nutrition; nutritional; nutritious
53.poverty　54.depth; deepen
二．单元语法填空
1.shortage　2.convinced　3.of　4.nor　5.growing
6.better　7.that　8.entirely　9.consumption　10.In
三．配套小练
ⅠA
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了Ollin Farms在公共健康营养项目中发挥着重要的作用。
1.D　细节理解题。根据第一段中“‘We play an important role in public health nutrition programmes,’ says Cordero’s dad…”和第三段中“That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food—healthy soil grows healthy food.”可知,Ollin Farms种植营养丰富的水果和蔬菜。故选D项。
2.C　细节理解题。根据第三段中“‘The goal of these investments is really building up our soil health,’ he explains. ‘That relates directly to the nutrient quality of the food—healthy soil grows healthy food.’”(他解释说,“这些投资的目标是真正增强我们的土壤健康。”“这直接关系到食物的营养质量——健康的土壤才能长出健康的食物。”)可知,博尔德县通过资助农场的土壤健康来支持Ollin Farms的可持续农业实践。故选C项。
3.D　推理判断题。根据最后一段中“It’s a triple win. It’s basically good for the consumers who live in that particular community because they’re getting the healthy food, it’s good for the farmer, and then it’s good for the economy.”(这是一场三赢。这基本上对生活在那个特定社区的消费者有好处,因为他们得到了健康的食物,这对农民有好处,对经济也有好处。)可知,Amy对“营养激励计划”持赞同的态度。故选D项。
4.B　主旨大意题。根据第一段“Cordero is the farm manager at Ollin Farms…‘We play an important role in public health nutrition programmes,’…”可知,本文主要介绍了Ollin Farms在公共健康营养项目中发挥着重要的作用。B项“播种健康:农场和公共卫生倡议的创新”符合主旨,故选B项。
B
【文章大意】 这是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在坦桑尼亚的部分地区,土壤正在消失,认识到这一威胁,当地社区成立了一个环境委员会,他们采用了伽马射线传感器来快速评估土壤状况,还通过“相互学习”来制订解决方案。
5.B　细节理解题。根据第二段“It can make a judgement about the health of the soil in several minutes…”可知,新传感器能快速评估土壤状况。故选B。
6.B　细节理解题。根据第三段“Blake emphasizes that the technology is only half the story…Instead, Blake recommends ‘mutual learning’, in which different groups learn from each other and talk openly.”以及第四段“With the advancement of this cooperative approach…”可知,布莱克推荐“相互学习”是因为要制订可持续的解决方案。故选B。
7.C　段落大意题。根据第四段“With the advancement of this cooperative approach, some farmers made dramatic changes…‘…same piece of land.’”可知,第四段的主要内容是新方法带来的影响。故选C。
8.D　主旨大意题。根据最后一段“While this pilot work has focused on the southern part of the earth, there’s a lot other areas can learn from these experiences…‘We’ve realized that developing the evidence base together with the communities affected is the most effective way,’ Blake says.”并结合文章主要内容可知,文章主要介绍了在坦桑尼亚的部分地区,土壤正在消失,认识到这一威胁,当地社区成立了一个环境委员会,他们采用了伽马射线传感器来快速评估土壤状况,还通过“相互学习”来制订解决方案,由此可知D选项“土壤健康合作如何改变农业 ”最适合作为文章标题。故选D。
●Ⅱ【文章大意】 本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了科学技术在农业中的应用,重点介绍了滴灌和水培农业及其优点。
1.A　上文“They tended to their crops for many hours each day so that the crops grew well.”指出农民们为了庄稼长得好,每天要花好几个小时照料庄稼,下文“For example, a single storm could destroy a whole year’s work, while a summer of good weather could ensure a good harvest.”以具体例子说明突发天气状况会影响收成,由此可推知,空处应指出古代农业收成好坏靠运气,A项(运气在农业中起了很大的作用。)符合语境。故选A。
2.G　上文“Modern science and technology have helped to greatly reduce the back-breaking labour involved in farming, along with the reliance on luck and guesswork.”指出现代科技给农业带来的好处,空处也应该承接上文,继续介绍现代科技给农业带来的好处,G项(农民从农作物生产的创新中获益匪浅。)符合语境。故选G。
3.E　上文“Through this discovery, farmers can now produce crops on dry land without needing much water.”指出滴灌的优点,农民不仅可以在旱地上种植农作物,而且不需要太多水;下文“The limited and focused use of just the right amount of water also denies moisture (水分) to weeds, keeping them from harming the crops.”指出滴灌使用有限而集中的水对农业的好处,由此可推知,空处应承接上文,继续介绍滴灌用水少这一优点,E项(这种灌溉方法比其他方法用水少得多。)符合语境。故选E。
4.C　由下文“However, what if an area has plenty of water…Nutrient-rich water is then provided so that the plants can grow.”的however可知,空处和下文是对比关系,且结合上段提到的用水少的滴灌可知,空处应该是对上文进行总结,同时和下文进行对比,即用滴灌能解决缺水地区的农业问题和水培能解决水多地区的问题做对比,C项(滴灌解决了一个地区缺水的问题。)符合语境。故选C。
5.F　上文“Recent research has centred on vertical hydroponics farming. With a vertical farm, the crops are planted in containers that are piled into plant skyscrapers.”提出最近的研究都在关注垂直水培农业,同时介绍了垂直水培农作物的一些情况,空处应该继续介绍垂直水培农作物的相关内容,F项(此外,几乎所有的水培农场都部分或全部自动化。)符合语境。故选F。
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