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【暑假预习】外研社版本英语八年级上册
Unit 2 课文内容及翻译、语法
一、课文原文 + 中英对照翻译
课文 1 The Selfish Giant 《自私的巨人》（Oscar Wilde 奥斯卡 王尔德 改编）
1.Every afternoon, the children play in the Giant's garden. It is a large garden with soft, green grass. Here and there, over the grass, stand beautiful flowers, like stars.
翻译：每天下午，孩子们都会在巨人的花园里玩耍。这座花园很大，铺着柔软的青草，草地上随处点缀着漂亮的花朵，宛如繁星。
2.The Giant has been away for a long time. One day, he comes back and sees the children in his garden. "What are you doing here " he shouts in a very angry voice.
翻译：巨人外出很久了。一天他归来，看见孩子们正在自己的花园里。“你们在这里干什么？” 他怒气冲冲地大喊。
3.The children run away. The Giant closes the gate and builds a high wall around the garden. Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
翻译：孩子们纷纷跑开。巨人关上大门，在花园四周筑起高墙。从那以后，花园里再也没有出现过孩子。
4.Then spring comes. But in the Giant's garden, it is still winter. There are no birds or flowers. "I cannot understand why spring has not come since last year," says the Giant. "I hope the weather changes soon."
翻译：春天来了，可巨人的花园依旧寒冬一片，没有飞鸟，也没有鲜花。巨人说：“我实在不明白，为什么从去年起春天就不肯光临这里，真希望天气快点回暖。”
5.But spring never comes, nor summer. Autumn gives golden fruit to every other garden. But it gives none to the Giant's garden.
翻译：春天迟迟不来，夏天也不见踪影。秋天给其他所有花园送去金黄的果实，唯独巨人的花园一无所获。
6.One morning, the Giant suddenly hears birds singing. "I haven't heard that beautiful birdsong for a while. I believe spring has come at last." The Giant jumps out of bed and looks outside.
翻译：一天清晨，巨人忽然听见鸟儿歌唱。“我好久没听过这么动听的鸟鸣了，春天总算来了吧。” 巨人跳下床望向窗外。
7.The Giant sees a hole in the wall. Also, there is a little child in every tree. And the trees are so glad that they have covered themselves with flowers. The birds fly about and sing with joy. "How selfish I've been!" he says. "Now I know why spring wouldn't come here."
翻译：他看见墙上破了一个洞，每棵树上都坐着一个小孩。树木欣喜万分，枝头开满鲜花；鸟儿四处飞舞，欢快啼鸣。巨人自语：“我以前太自私了！现在我终于明白春天不肯来的原因了。”
8.He knocks down the wall. The children look afraid. "Fear not, little ones," the Giant says. "It's your garden now."
翻译：他推倒了围墙。孩子们面露怯色。巨人说：“别怕，小家伙们，这座花园现在属于你们了。”
课文 2 Six-chi Lane 六尺巷
1.Narrow lanes are very common in China. They are usually about two metres wide, or six chi in traditional Chinese units. Most of them are nothing special. But Liu Chi Xiang (Six-chi Lane) in Tongcheng, Anhui, is perhaps the most famous one.
翻译：窄巷在中国十分常见，通常宽两米，也就是传统度量单位的六尺。大多数小巷平平无奇，但安徽桐城的六尺巷或许是最有名的一条。
2.Its story started back in the Qing Dynasty. Two local families, the Zhangs and the Wus, argued over the dividing line between their houses. They couldn't reach an agreement. The Zhang family was angry. Their relative, Zhang Ying, had a position high up in the government. They wrote him a letter, asking for advice. When his reply came, they opened it to find a poem inside.
翻译：故事发生在清代。当地张、吴两户人家，因宅院地界争执不休，始终无法达成和解。张家心中愤愤不平，他们的亲戚张英在朝中身居高位，于是写信向他求助。收到回信后，众人拆开，里面是一首诗：
英文诗原文 + 翻译
Six chi away,
A letter from far away just for a wall
Is not right or good at all.
Three chi to your neighbour as a gift
Is nothing as time continues to drift.
完整原诗补充：
The long Great Wall still stands today,
Where’s the First Emperor of Qin anyway
翻译：
一纸书来只为墙，让他三尺又何妨。
长城万里今犹在，不见当年秦始皇。
3.After reading it, the Zhang family felt ashamed. They stepped back three chi for their neighbour. This act deeply moved the Wu family. In return, they decided to do the same thing. They gave up another three chi. And so came the six-chi-wide lane between the two houses.
翻译：读完诗句，张家满心羞愧，主动退让三尺地界给吴家。此举深深打动了吴家，吴家也主动让出三尺土地。两家中间，便形成了这条六尺宽的小巷。
4.Hundreds of years have passed since then, and the lane is still there. The people of Tongcheng still keep the poem in mind. Whenever they walk down the lane, they remember how kindness encourages more kindness.
翻译：数百年岁月流转，小巷至今尚存。桐城百姓始终铭记这首诗，每当走过小巷，都懂得：善意能催生更多善意。
二、单元名人名言（Starting out）原文 + 翻译
1.Do not do to others what you do not want others to do to you. -Confucius
翻译：己所不欲，勿施于人。—— 孔子
2.Not everyone thinks the way you think, knows the things you know, believes the things you believe, nor acts the way you would act. Remember this and you will go a long way in getting along with people. -Arthur Forman
翻译：不是所有人都和你想法一致、见闻相同、信仰一样、行事相仿。记住这一点，你与人相处便能顺遂长久。—— 阿瑟 福尔曼
3.We need people, we need the cooperation of others. There is very little we can do alone. -Earl Nightingale
翻译：我们离不开他人，离不开彼此协作。仅凭一己之力，能做成的事寥寥无几。—— 厄尔 南丁格尔
三、重点语法：现在完成时 for & since 用法
1. 核心例句（取自课文）
1.The Giant has been away for a long time.
巨人已经离开很久了。
2.Since then, he hasn't seen a child there.
从那以后，他再也没在花园里见过孩子。
3.I haven't heard that beautiful birdsong for a while.
我很久没有听过这么动听的鸟鸣了。
单词 用法 后接内容 例句
for 表持续一段时间 时间段（three years, a long time, 5 months） We have been friends for three years.
since 表动作 / 状态起始时间点 时间点、过去事件、过去年份 / 日期（Grade 3, last year, 2020） We have been friends since Grade 3.
2. for 和 since 区分规则
3. 语法填空练习题原文 + 答案
基础填空
1 We have been friends since Grade 3.
2 They have been together for three years.
3 Since last year, we've shared a lot of happy moments.
短文填空（Uncle Jimmy 冰淇淋故事）
The 74-year-old has sold ice creams for the past 17 years in Singapore.
Every year, on 22 March - his birthday - he offers free ice creams. He has done this since his 70th birthday.
"People have been quite stressed recently and I want to help," he said. "Sharing has made me feel happy for the past four years."
He has enjoyed talking with his customers. Many of them have become his friends since they first met. Some students helped him set up social media pages. He has made many friends online since then.
4. 现在完成时本单元核心功能
1.描述持续至今的状态 / 经历（搭配 for/since）
2.讲述分享、相处的过往经历：I have shared... with... for/since...
3.表达长久以来的感受：Sharing has taught me...
四、单元重点短语与句型（补充）
1. 交际句型（分享经历）
I have shared... with... for / since...
Sharing has allowed / shown / taught me...
It makes me feel... because...
2. 安慰他人句型
I'm sorry to hear that.
That sounds difficult.
I see.
3. 六尺巷核心词汇
argue over 为…… 争执；reach an agreement 达成和解；dividing line 分界线；give up 退让、让出；kindness 善意；neighbour 邻居
4. 《自私的巨人》核心短语
shout in an angry voice 怒气冲冲大喊；build a high wall 筑高墙；knock down the wall 推倒围墙；for a long time 很久；for a while 一段时间

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