人教版七年级英语上册精讲巧练 Unit 3 My School(含答案)

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人教版七年级英语上册精讲巧练 Unit 3 My School(含答案)

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人教版七年级上册精讲巧练Unit 3 My School.
本整合版依据《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》及人教社2023版七年级英语上册Unit 3编写,涵盖词法、语法、语音、语篇四大板块,并将阅读策略深度融入语篇学习中,实现“学—练—用”一体化。
一、词法精讲巧练
(一)核心词汇分类梳理
1. 校园场所类名词
单词 词性 释义
hall n. 礼堂;大厅
building n. 建筑物;房子
gym n. 体育馆;健身房
field n. 场地;田野
office n. 办公室
library n. 图书馆
classroom n. 教室
dining hall n. 食堂
sports field n. 运动场
science lab n. 科学实验室
方位介词与介词短语
短语 释义 用法提示
in front of 在……前面(外部) 物体外部的正前方
in the front of 在……前部(内部) 物体内部的前端区域
behind 在……后面 in front of的反义词
next to 在……旁边;紧邻 表示紧挨着
across from 在……对面 强调隔着某物相对
between 在两者之间 between A and B
3. 其他核心词汇
sound:作名词意为“声音”;作感官动词意为“听起来”,后接形容词。如:That sounds great!
large:大的
special:特别的
smart:聪明的
important:重要的
notice:通知;注意
raise:增加;提高;举起
change:改变;变化
核心短语
短语 释义
put up 张贴;挂起
at school 在学校
do exercises 做体操;做练习
different from 与……不同
similar to 与……相似
in the field of 在……领域
(三)词法巧练
一、根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。
1.There is a big ________ (礼堂) in our school.
2.The teachers’ ________ (办公室) is next to the library.
3.We play basketball on the sports ________ (场地).
4.There are three tall ________ (建筑物) in our school.
5.The library is very ________ (大的).
二、选用方框中的方位介词填空。
(behind, across from, between, in front of, next to)
1.The library is ________ the classroom building.
2.The post office is ________ the bank.
3.The teachers‘ office is ________ the library and the gym.
4.There is a garden ________ the school.
5.The dining hall is ________ the science labs.
二、语法精讲巧练
(一)There be 句型
1. 基本概念
There be句型表示“某处存在某物/某人”,用于描述事物的客观存在。基本结构为:
There be + 名词 + 地点状语.其中There是引导词,不充当句子成分;be是谓语动词,须与主语(后面的名词)在数上保持一致。
2.主谓一致规则
主语 be 示例
可数名词单数 is There is a library in our school.
可数名词复数 are There are some books on the desk.
不可数名词 is There is some water in the cup.
并列列举 就近原则 There is a notebook and three keys on the desk.
of短语(a lot of除外) of前的名词一致,a lot of 与of后名词一致 There is a box of pens on the desk. There is a lot of rain. There are a lot of people in the park.
3.句型转换
句型 结构 示例
肯定句 There is/are + 主语 + 地点 There is a garden behind the school.
否定句 There is/are + not + 主语 + 地点 There isn’t a library here.
一般疑问句 Is/Are + there + 主语 + 地点? Is there a bank near here
回答 Yes, there is/are./No, there isn‘t/aren’t. Yes, there is./No, there isn‘t.
4. There be 与 have/has 的区别
There be 表示“存在”,强调客观存在;have/has 表示“拥有”,强调所属关系。
比较:
There is a book on the desk.(桌子上有一本书。——存在)
I have a book.(我有一本书。——拥有)
(二)方位介词
方位介词用于精准描述人或物在空间中的位置关系。本单元重点掌握的方位介词有:
介词/短语 释义 示例
in front of 在……前面(外部) There is a tree in front of the classroom.
in the front of 在……前部(内部) The teacher‘s desk is in the front of the classroom.
behind 在……后面 The library is behind the teaching building.
next to 在……旁边 The teachers’ office is next to the library.
across from 在……对面 The supermarket is across from the street.
between 在……之间(两者) The office is between the library and the gym.
on the left/ right 在左边/右边 My home is on the right.
(三)Where 引导的特殊疑问句
用 Where 询问地点,结构为:Where + be + 主语?
Where is the library —— It‘s behind the classroom building.
Where are the bookcases —— They’re next to the window.
(四)语法巧练
一、用There be或have/has的适当形式填空。
1.________ a tall building near the park.
2.________ some tomato plants in the yard.
3.Jane ________ a house with a garden.
4.________ any water in the bottle
5.Does Peter ________ any friends in the school
6.Look! There ________ a notebook and three keys on the desk.
二、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.There ________ (be) a big supermarket near my home.
2.There ________ (be) some old people taking a walk in the park.
3.________ (be) there a bank and a post office here
三、按要求完成句子。
1.There is a garden behind the school.(改为一般疑问句)
_______________________________________________________
2.There are three buildings in our school.(改为否定句)
_______________________________________________________
3.The library is behind the classroom building.(对划线部分提问)
_______________________________________________________
四、选择填空。
( )1.There is a big desk ________ the classroom. It‘s for the teachers.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. behind D. next to
( )2.There is a small garden ________ the classroom building.
A. in front of B. in the front of C. between D. across from
( )3..—Where is Ben
—He is sitting ________ the bus, next to the driver.
A. in the front of B. in front of C. at the back of D. behind
三、语音精讲巧练
(一)本单元语音重点
1. 元音字母在重读闭音节中的发音
复习五个元音字母(a, e, i, o, u)在重读闭音节中的短音发音:
元音字母 闭音节发音 例词
a / / map, bag, cat
e /e/ desk, bed, pen
i / / big, sit, milk
o / / dog, box, hot
u / / bus, cup, sun
2. 校园场所词汇的重音
多音节词要注意重音位置:
’building(建筑物) ‘library(图书馆) ’office(办公室) ‘hallway(走廊)
di’ning hall(食堂)——注意dining的重音在第一个音节 ‘gymnasium / ’gym(体育馆)
3. 句子重音与语调
特殊疑问句(Where... What... ):通常用降调
一般疑问句(Is there... Are there... ):通常用升调
There be 句型:句中名词通常重读
语音巧练
一、判断下列单词中元音字母的发音,将单词归类。
(map, desk, big, box, bus, bag, bed, sit, dog, cup, cat, pen, milk, hot, sun)
/ / /e/ / / / / / /
二、朗读下列句子,注意语调。
1.↘Where is the library
2.↗Is there a gym in your school
3.↘There is a beautiful garden behind our school.
4.↗Are there any science labs on the third floor
5.↘What do you like about your school
三、跟读并模仿,注意重音和连读。
1.There is a ‘big’ library in our school.
2.The ‘teachers’‘ office is ’next to‘ the ’dining‘ ’hall‘.
3.Where is the ’student‘ ’centre‘
四、语篇精讲巧练
(一)课标语篇要求
《义务教育英语课程标准(2022年版)》指出:语篇承载表达主题的语言知识和文化知识,为学生提供多样化的文体素材。语篇分不同类型,既包括对话、访谈、记叙文、说明文等连续性文本,也包括图表、图示等非连续性文本。语言知识包括语音、词汇、语法、语篇和语用知识,是发展语言技能的重要基础。融入语篇和语用,结构性知识变得更加鲜活,有助于学生学会在恰当的语境中运用所学知识建构语篇。
(二)本单元语篇分析
本单元主题属于 “人与社会” 范畴,涉及子主题 “校园环境与设施” 。本单元包含四个主要语篇:
语篇 类型 主要内容
语篇一 对话 介绍学校设施的位置
语篇二 对话/问答 介绍教室设备
语篇三 说明文 介绍英国教室的样态
语篇四 记叙文/邮件 Peter介绍自己的新学校
Section B语篇示例(Peter的新学校):
语篇为记叙文,主要围绕Peter的新学校展开。新学校给Peter留下了非常好的印象,他认为学校非常美丽,并有许多现代化的建筑物。学校有一个紧邻教师楼的大型运动场,所有学生都会在早上去那里一起锻炼。
语篇中运用的核心句型:
1.There be 句型描述存在(There is a large sports field...)
2.方位介词描述位置(next to the teachers’ building)
3.形容词描述感受(beautiful, modern, large)
(三)阅读策略深度精讲
在阅读校园主题语篇时,熟练运用以下四种策略能大幅提升理解效率。记住口诀:略读定方向,扫读抓细节,中心句理段落,导图建结构。
策略一:略读(Skimming)——抓主旨大意
什么是略读?
略读是一种快速浏览全文的阅读方式,不纠结每个单词的意思,而是用眼睛扫过标题、首段、每段首句、尾段,迅速把握文章谈论的主题和作者的主要观点或情感倾向。
操作方法(三步法)
看标题和首段:确定文章话题(如“My New School”)。
读每段首句(或尾句):串联出文章的脉络。
读结尾段:确认作者的整体态度(喜欢、不喜欢还是客观介绍)。
本单元举例
假如文章开头是:“I‘m Peter. My new school is very beautiful. It has many modern buildings.”结尾是:“I really love my new school.”略读后,快速得出主旨:Peter的新学校很漂亮、现代化,他非常喜欢它,无需记忆具体有几个楼。
课标链接:新课标强调“理解语篇的主旨要义”,略读是实现这一目标的首选策略。
策略二:扫读(Scanning)——锁定细节信息
什么是扫读?
扫读是带着明确的问题或特定关键词(数字、时间、地点、人名)在文章中快速搜寻答案,忽略无关信息。就像在电话簿里找一个号码,只盯着目标。
操作方法(三步法)
先看问题,圈出要查找的关键词(如“How many students?”“Where is the library?”)。
用目光快速扫描,寻找数字、大写专有名词、方位介词等明显标记。
找到对应位置后,仔细读那一句或前后两句,获取准确信息。
本单元举例
如果题目问:“Where is the sports field?”扫读时,目光直接锁定“sports field”,找到句子:“There is a large sports field next to the teachers‘ building.”立即得出答案“next to the teachers’ building”。
课标链接:新课标要求“获取语篇中的具体信息”,扫读是完成细节题最有效的手段。
策略三:找中心句——把握段落核心
什么是中心句?
一个段落中,概括该段主要内容的句子就是中心句。它通常出现在段首(最常见),也可能在段尾(总结式),偶尔在段中(转折之后)。
操作方法(两步法)
先读段首第一句,看它是否概括了后面所有句子的内容。如果是,那就是中心句。
如果第一句只是引子,就跳到段末,看是否有总结性话语(如“So...”“In a word...”)。
本单元举例
假设一段话:“The sports field is the most popular place in our school. Students play football there after class. Teachers also do exercises there every morning.”第一句“The sports field is the most popular place”就是中心句,因为后面全是围绕它展开。
课标链接:新课标在“理解语篇逻辑”中强调“识别段落主题句”,这有助于理清文章结构。
策略四:利用思维导图——梳理结构信息
什么是思维导图?
思维导图是一种图形化的组织工具,用关键词、线条、颜色将文章信息层次化、结构化地呈现出来,让人一目了然地看到整体框架和各部分关系。
操作方法(四步法)
确定核心主题(写在中间,如“My School”)。
划分一级分支(如“Buildings”“Facilities”“Locations”“Activities”)。
添加二级细节(如“classroom building”“library”等)。
用方位介词连接,展现空间关系。
本单元举例(以Peter的学校为例)
┌─ Classroom building (3 floors) │ ┌─ Buildings┼─ Teachers‘ building │ │ │ └─ Student centre │My School┼─ Facilities ── library, gym, dining hall, sports field │ ├─ Locations ── sports field next to teachers’ building; │ library behind classroom building │ └─ Feeling ── beautiful, modern, love it
课标链接:新课标提倡“借助图表、思维导图等工具梳理信息”,这是发展学生逻辑思维和结构化知识的重要手段。
(四)语篇综合巧练
练习一:阅读判断与问答
阅读下面短文,回答问题。
I live in a small town near Beijing in China. There are four hundred and fifty students and thirty-five teachers in our school. There is a little garden behind our school. There is an apple orchard next to the garden. You can see lots of apples in it in autumn. Our school is not big, but it‘s very beautiful.
1.Where does the writer live
_______________________________________________-
2.How many students are there in the school
_______________________________________________-
3.How many teachers are there in the school
_______________________________________________-
4.What is behind the school
_______________________________________________-
5.What is next to the garden
_______________________________________________-
6.(判断正误)The school is very big. ( )
练习二:综合策略实践
请运用本单元所学的四种阅读策略,完成以下任务。
阅读短文:
My New School
I am Li Ming. I study in a new school this year. My school is big and clean. There are four buildings in it: a teaching building, a library, a gym and a dining hall.
The teaching building is in the middle of the school. It has five floors. My classroom is on the third floor. It is bright and comfortable.
The library is behind the teaching building. It is very quiet. We can read books and do homework there.
The gym is next to the library. We have P.E. classes there every Tuesday and Thursday.
The dining hall is across from the gym. It serves delicious food. We all like it.
I enjoy my new school life very much.
任务1:略读——用一句话概括文章主旨。
_______________________________________________-
任务2:扫读——快速回答:
(1)图书馆在哪里?________________________________
(2)体育馆旁边是什么?____________________________
(3)李明的教室在几楼?____________________________
任务3:找中心句——指出第二段的中心句。
_______________________________________________-
任务4:画思维导图——在下方空白处画出本文的思维导图,至少包含建筑物名称和位置关系。
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(请在此处画出你的思维导图)
练习三:语篇仿写
根据本单元所学,用英语写一篇短文介绍你的学校(60词左右)。
写作提示(运用思维导图先构思) :
1.学校有几栋楼?分别是什么?
2.学校有哪些场所?(图书馆、操场、食堂等)
3.这些场所在什么位置?(用There be和方位介词)
4.你觉得你的学校怎么样?
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
词法巧练
一、 1. hall 2. office 3. field 4. buildings 5. large
二、 1. behind 2. across from 3. between 4. in front of 5. next to
语法巧练
一、 1. There is 2. There are 3. has 4. Is there 5. have 6. is
二、 1. is 2. are 3. Is
三、 1. Is there a garden behind the school? 2. There aren‘t three buildings in our school. 3. Where is the library
四、 1. B 2. A 3. A
语音巧练
一、
/ / /e/ / / / / / /
map, bag, cat desk, bed, pen big, sit, milk box, dog, hot bus, cup, sun
语篇巧练答案
练习一:
1.He/She lives in a small town near Beijing in China.
2.There are four hundred and fifty students. / 450.
3.here are thirty-five teachers. / 35.
4.A little garden is behind the school.
5.An apple orchard is next to the garden.
6.F(因为文中说“not big”)
练习二:
任务1:李明介绍他的新学校,学校干净又大,有四个建筑,他非常喜欢。(意思对即可)
任务2:(1)在教学楼后面 (2)食堂(注意:文中说食堂在体育馆对面,不是“旁边”,扫读要精准) (3)在三楼
任务3:第一句“The teaching building is in the middle of the school.”
任务4:(参考导图)
┌─ Teaching building (middle, 5 floors, my classroom on 3rd) │My School ┼─ Library (behind teaching building, quiet) │ ├─ Gym (next to library, P.E. classes) │ └─ Dining hall (across from gym, delicious food)
练习三(仿写范文,供参考):
My School
My school is very nice. There are three buildings in it. They are the teaching building, the library and the dining hall. The teaching building is in the middle. There are many classrooms in it. The library is next to the teaching building. I like reading there. The dining hall is behind the library. The food there is delicious. I love my school very much.

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