【弯道超车】Unit 5 A fine balance 核心语法之that和which引导的定语从句-2026-2027学年外研版(新教材)九年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

资源下载
  1. 二一教育资源

【弯道超车】Unit 5 A fine balance 核心语法之that和which引导的定语从句-2026-2027学年外研版(新教材)九年级英语上册精讲精练 (含答案解析)

资源简介

/ 让学习更有效 新课备课备考 | 英语学科
2026-2027学年外研版九年级英语上册核心语法精讲精练
(新教材)Unit 5 A fine balance
核心语法:that和which引导的定语从句
一、核心概念
定语从句是在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句,相当于一个“形容词”,起修饰限定作用。被修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
that 和 which 都可以引导修饰物的定语从句,在从句中作主语或宾语。
核心功能: 用一个句子来修饰“物”,使表达更精确。
基本结构: 先行词(物)+ that/which + 定语从句
示例The book that is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)
The book which I bought is interesting.(我买的那本书很有趣。)
二、that 和 which 的基本用法
1. that 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语
作主语(不能省略):
The book that is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)
The car that is parked outside is my father‘s.(停在外面的那辆车是我父亲的。)
This is the house that was built in 1990.(这是1990年建的那座房子。)
作宾语(可以省略):
The book (that) I bought is interesting.(我买的那本书很有趣。)
The movie (that) we saw last night was boring.(我们昨晚看的那部电影很无聊。)
This is the house (that) my father built.(这是我父亲建的房子。)
2. which 指物,在从句中作主语或宾语
作主语(不能省略):
The book which is on the desk is mine.(桌子上的那本书是我的。)
The car which is parked outside is my father‘s.(停在外面的那辆车是我父亲的。)
作宾语(可以省略):
The book (which) I bought is interesting.(我买的那本书很有趣。)
The movie (which) we saw was boring.(我们看的那部电影很无聊。)
三、that 和 which 的对比
对比项 that which
指代 人 / 物 物
用法 更通用,尤其限制性定语从句 非限制性定语从句及介词后
例句 The book that I bought is good. The book which I bought is good.
相同点:都可以指物
都可以在从句中作主语或宾语
作宾语时都可以省略
不同点:that 可以指人也可以指物;which 只能指物
非限制性定语从句中只能用 which,不能用 that
介词后只能用 which,不能用 that
四、只能用 that 不能用 which 的情况(中考常考!)
1. 先行词被序数词修饰时
This is the first book that I have read.(这是我读的第一本书。)
It is the second film that I have seen this month.(这是我本月看的第二部电影。)
2. 先行词被形容词最高级修饰时
This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.(这是我读过的最有趣的书。)
She is the best teacher that I have ever met.(她是我见过的最好的老师。)
3. 先行词被 the only, the very, the same 修饰时
He is the only person that can help us.(他是唯一能帮我们的人。)
This is the very book that I want.(这正是我想要的那本书。)
4. 先行词是不定代词时(all, everything, something, anything, nothing, none, little, much 等)
All that you said is true.(你说的一切都是真的。)
There is nothing that I can do for you.(我没什么能为你做的。)
I’ll tell you everything that I know.(我会告诉你我知道的一切。)
5. 先行词既有人又有物时
They talked about the people and things that they remembered.(他们谈论着他们记得的人和事。)
6. 主句以 who 或 which 开头时(避免重复)
Who is the man that is standing there (站在那里的那个人是谁?)
Which is the book that you like best (哪一本是你最喜欢的书?)
五、只能用 which 不能用 that 的情况
1. 非限制性定语从句中(有逗号隔开)
I bought a book, which is very interesting.(我买了一本书,它很有趣。)
The house, which was built in 1990, is very old.(那座房子建于1990年,很老了。)
He has three cars, which are all expensive.(他有三辆车,都很贵。)
注意: 非限制性定语从句中不能用 that。
2. 介词前置时(介词 + which)
This is the house in which I lived.(这就是我住过的房子。)
This is the book about which we talked.(这就是我们谈论的那本书。)
The money with which he bought the car was borrowed.(他买车的钱是借的。)
六、that 和 which 作宾语时的省略
当关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
The book (that) I bought is interesting.(that 可省略)
The book (which) I bought is interesting.(which 可省略)
The movie (that/which) we saw was boring.(that/which 可省略)
判断方法: 关系词后面紧跟的如果是主语(I, we, he, she, it, they...),则关系词作宾语,可以省略。
七、易错点与难点突破
1. 先行词是物,误用 who
The book who I bought is interesting.
The book that/which I bought is interesting.
2. 只能用 that 的情况下误用 which
This is the first book which I read.
This is the first book that I read.
3. 非限制性定语从句中误用 that
I bought a book, that is very interesting.
I bought a book, which is very interesting.
4. 介词后误用 that
This is the house in that I lived.
This is the house in which I lived.
5. 作宾语的关系词省略判断错误
The book (that/which) I bought is good.(可以省略)
The book is on the desk is mine.(缺少关系词)
The book that/which is on the desk is mine.(作主语不能省略)
八、思维导图总结
九、记忆口诀
that/which 定语从句口诀:
that/which 指物作主宾,先行词是物要记清;
只能用 that 的情况多,序数最高唯一词;
不定代词既人又物,主句 who/which 开头。
非限制性从句用 which,介词后也要用 which。
1.—Why are you so worried
—I've lost the watch _______ my dad bought me on my birthday.
A.what B.whose C.which
2. I can't find the book ____ my brother bought me.
A.which B.who C.when
3. I still remember the middle school and the students____ I visited in Tibet in few years ago.
A.which B.who C.whom D.that
4. Paying attention to everything ____you are learning in class is very important for every student.
A.who B.that C.what
5. —I feel so nervous. What should I do
—You'd better listen to music that ____.
A.helps you relax B.you can dance C.makes you sad
6.I like music ________ I can dance to.
A.where B.that C.what
7.Tommy said he was the only person ________ I could trust in this town.
A.which B.that C.whose D.how
8. Lily likes museums ____ can provide visitors with free Wi-Fi.
A.that B.who C.what D.when
9. I like music ____ makes me happy when I feel tired and down.
A.that B.who C.what D.whom
10. The "Kemusan" dance is an eye-catching dance performance ____ is quite popular these days.
A.who B.which C.whose
11.The twins are both good at tennis, so they joined the tennis club together ____ our school started last year.
A.which B.who C.whom D.whose
12. This is the first birthday gift____I received. I've kept it many years.
A.which B.that C.who
13. Bob was late for school again, ____ made his teacher angry.
A.this B.it C.which D.what
14. I bought a book yesterday, ____ is very interesting.
A.it B.which C.who D.whose
15. This is the best film ____ I have ever seen.
A.which B.that C.who D.whom
16.—Yang Jie, director of Journey to the West, passed away on April 15th at the age of 88.
—She created the most watched TV play____has been re—aired more than 3,000 times since 1986.
A.what B.who C.that D./
17.This is the book _________ I bought yesterday.
A.who B.that C.whom D.what
18.I like music ____ I can dance to.
A.whom B.when C.who D.that
19. I made a speech on the men and things ____ I had seen abroad.
A.that B.who C.which
20. The restaurant ____ we went last night had great food. The one ____ we visited last week was terrible.
A.which; where B.where; / C.where; where D.When; which
21.This is the best book ____ was written by Moyan, I think.
A.which B.that C./ D.what
22. I will remember the important people ____ helped me a lot in my life.
A.that B.where C.which
23. I'd like to tell you something about the table manners ____ you should know when you visit Britain.
A.whom B.who C.what D.which
24. —Have you heard of the famous actor and his movie ____they're talking about
—No, I haven't.
A.who B.whom C.which D.that
25. The painting Riverside Scene at Qingming Festival is an amazing artwork ____shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty.
A.which B.who C.what
26. Rome is an ancient city ____ is full of places of interest.
A.where B.which C.who
27.He likes movies that ________ scary.
A.are B.is C.which D.what
28.Many people prefer buying cars ________ run on electricity these days.
A.whom B.who C.which D.what
29. He got to school late this morning, ____ made his teacher angry.
A.that B.it C.which D.this
30. The earthquake ____ the city last year was the strongest in a decade.
A.that struck B.which strike C.struck D.striking
31. —What kind of books do you prefer
—I prefer the ones ____ me something to think about.
A.that gives B.which give C.what give
32. I'll never forget the place ____ we visited together last year.
A.which B.what C.who
33. — What are they talking about
— They' re talking about the AI robots ____ will make a big difference to the old people's life.
A.which B.when C.whose
34.You will want two trees about ten feet apart, from ________ to suspend your tent.
A.there B.them C.which D.where
35. —I still remember all the stories ____ my grandma told me.
—The memories of our childhood are always hard to forget.
A.what B.who C.that
36. —I really don't know how to get on well with other people.
—The most important rule ____ you should follow is to communicate.
A.who B.which C.that
37. This is the best film ____ has been shown this year.
A.that B.which C.who
38. Now machines do the work ____ men once stood by hand.
A.whose B.which C.whom D.who
39. I bought a room yesterday, ____ used to belong to Tom's uncle.
A.it B.that C.which D.when
40. This is not the only film ____ I' ve wished to see.
A.which B.that C.whom
41.I have bought two books, ____ is about psychology.
A.one of them B.both of them
C.one of which D.both of which
42.—How do you like the TV program?
—I think it is the best program ____ I have ever watched.
A.who B.which C.when D.that
43.The gift which my mom sent to me has made me excited.
A.宾语 B.状语 C.表语 D.定语
44.Looking back to the past three years, I'm thankful to everyone ______I met at school.
A.that B.where C.when D.which
45. This is the book ____I bought last week.
A.who B.whom C.which D.when
46.This is the place ________ he often mentioned, but I have no ________ about it.
A./; sense B.which; idea C.where; humour D.that; doubt
47. —Nowadays, WeChat is very popular among friends.
—Yes. It seems to be the best way of communication ____ people like.
A.that B.which C.who D.whom
48.He studied hard at school when he was young, ________ contributed to his success in later life.
A.which B.that C.what D.so that
49. There are a lot of good websites   ,有很多很好的网站你可以从中学习。
50. —Who is the middle-aged man with sunglasses in the corner
—He is a personal friend ____ I've known for many years.
A.which B.whose C.whom D.when
参考答案及试题解析
1.C
【解析】句意:——你为什么这么担心?——我把我爸在我生日那天给我买的手表丢了。A:what什么,用于表语从句;B:whose谁的,后接名词;C:which哪一个,指代事物。 根据my dad bought me 我爸爸给我买的,用于修饰空格前名词watch,可知句子为定语从句,先行词watch表示物,关系词用which,故选C。
【点评】 考查定语从句。注意熟记定语从句先行词为物时,关系词可用which/that。
2.A
【解析】句意:我找不到我哥哥给我买的那本书。A:哪个,B:谁,C:什么时候,定语从句先行词是book,根据my brother bought me,可知buy sb sth给某人买某物,故从句中缺少宾语,指代物用which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记which指代物作宾语的用法。
3.D
【解析】句意:我仍然记得我几年前在台北参观过的那所中学和那些学生们。A指代物,B指代人,C指代人,D指代人和物,根据the middle school and the students,可知先行词,既有人又有物,故用关系代词that,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记that的用法。
4.B
【解析】句意: 对每个学生来说,关注你在课堂上所学的一切是非常重要的。分析句子结构可知,此句是定语从句,先行词是everything,指物,用连接代词that或which引导。故选B。
【点评】考查宾语从句,注意that引导的限制性定语从句的用法。
5.A
【解析】句意:——我感到很紧张。我应该做什么?——你最好听帮你放松的音乐。分析句子结构,可知that后是定语从句,用来修饰"music"。B选项语法上错误,应是you can dance to。结合"I feel so nervous, what should I do "可知,本空给出的建议应是帮助对方缓解紧张心情,所以A选项(帮你放松)符合语境,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句和情景交际,在理解和分析定语从句时,还需要结合句子的语义和语境,以确保对定语从句的准确理解 。
6.B
【解析】句意:我喜欢我能跟着跳舞的音乐。where用于定语从句,指代地点;that用于定语从句,指代人/事物;what不用于定语从句。根据I can dance to.用于修饰名词music,可知该句是定语从句,先行词music指物,关系代词用that引导。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意熟记关系代词that用于定语从句指代事物的用法。
7.B
【解析】句意:汤米说他是这个镇上我唯一能信任的人。A:which引导定语从句时为关系代词,先行词为物;B:that引导定语从句时为关系代词,先行词为人或物;C:whose引导定语从句时,为关系副词,表所属关系;D:how"怎样",表方式。 I could trust in this town 是限制性定语从句,先行词person指人,且被the only修饰,关系词在句中作trust的宾语,故应用that引导定语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,本题涉及that引导的限制性定语从句。
8.A
【解析】句意:莉莉喜欢可以为游客提供免费无线网络的博物馆。A:that在定语从句中作主语和宾语成分,指人和物;B:who在定语从句中作主语和宾语成分,指人;C:what不引导定语从句;D:when在定语从句中作时间状语。分析句子为定语从句,先行词为museums,博物馆,指物,从句缺少主语成分,可知此处应用that引导,故选A。
【点评】考查关系代词,注意根据定语从句中that的用法。
9.A
【解析】句意:当我感到疲劳和沮丧的时候,我喜欢能使我开心的音乐。A引导定语从句,指代物,B引导定语从句,指代人,做主语,C引导宾语从句,指代物,D引导定语从句,指代人,作宾语,music是先行词引导定语从句,从句中缺少主语,指代物用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
10.B
【解析】句意: "科目三"舞是一种引人注目的舞蹈表演,近年来很受欢迎。 分析句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词 dance performance 指物,在定语从句中作主语,关系代词用which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意which引导的限制性定语从句的用法。
11.A
【解析】句意:这对双胞胎都擅长打网球,所以他们一起参加了学校去年成立的网球俱乐部。A:哪一个(指代事物,作主语/宾语);B:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语); C:谁(指代人,作宾语);D:谁的(后接名词,指代人/事物)。根据先行词 the tennis club网球俱乐部,可知指代事物,且在句子作宾语,关系词应用which 。 故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记关系词which,指代事物,在宾语从句中作主语/宾语/表语。
12.B
【解析】句意:这是我收到的第一份生日礼物。我保存了很多年了。A.which关系代词,作主语和宾语,指物;B.that关系代词,作主语或宾语,指人或物;C.what,不用于定语从句中。根据句子语境"This is the first birthday gift...I received"可知,句子为定语从句,"gift"为先行词,先行词属于物时,关系代词用that或which,但是当先行词被序数词修饰时,只用that不用which。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。注意识记定语从句中关系代词的使用原则。
13.C
【解析】句意:鲍勃上学又迟到了,这让老师很生气。A这,B它,C哪个,D什么,句子是非限制性定语从句,用which引导,故选C。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句。注意定语从句的引导词。
14.B
【解析】句意:我昨天买了一本书,它非常有趣。it,它,人称代词;which哪一个,疑问代词;who,谁,疑问代词;whose谁的,疑问代词。结合语句I bought a book yesterday, ____ is very interesting. 可知,此句是含有定语从句的复合句。先行词 book是指物的名词,且在定语从句充当主语,因此要用 which引导,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的引导词。注意非限定性定语从句的基本结构。
15.B
【解析】句意:这是我曾经看过的最好的电影。A.which哪一个;B.that那个;C.who谁;D.whom谁。根据句子结构可知,这是一个定语从句,先行词"film"是物,且先行词被最高级"the best"修饰,因此定语从句的关系代词只能用that。故答案为:B。
【点评】考查定语从句关系代词的用。注意当先行词被形容词最高级、序数词以及only、very、just等词修饰时,关系代词通常只能用that,而不能用which 。
16.C
【解析】句意:——《西游记》的导演名字是"杨杰", 4月15日逝世,享年88岁。——她创造了自1986年以来被重播了3000多次的最受欢迎的电视剧。结合语句She created the most watched TV play____has been re—aired more than 3,000 times since 1986.可知,此句是带有定语从句的复合句。先行词是the most watched TV play,关系词要用that,故答案为C。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词的用法。
17.B
【解析】句意:这是我昨天买的那本书。who,谁,关系代词(指代人,可在从句中作主语或宾语);that,那个,关系代词(可指代人或物,可在从句中作主语或宾语);whom,谁,关系代词(指代人,仅在从句中作宾语);what,什么,疑问代词(不能引导定语从句)。结合语句 "This is the book…I bought yesterday." 可知,此句为定语从句,先行词 "the book" 指物,需用可指代物的关系代词,that 符合要求,其他选项不符合 "指代物" 或 "引导定语从句" 的规则,故答案为 B。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系代词辨析。解题需先明确先行词的属性(指人或指物),再根据关系代词的用法规则选择,同时牢记 what 不能引导定语从句。
18.D
【解析】句意:我喜欢可以跳舞的音乐。A:谁(指代人,作宾语);B:什么时候(指代时间);C:谁(指代人,作主语/宾语);D:(指代人/事物,无意义)。根据先行词music,可知指代事物,关系词应用that,作从句的宾语。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词。注意熟记 关系代词"that",既可以用于指代人,也可以用于指代物,并在从句中作主语、宾语或表语。
19.A
【解析】句意:我就我在国外看到的人和事做了演讲。A引导定语从句,指代物或人,B引导定语从句指代人,C引导定语从句,指代物,先行词是men and things,故指代物和人用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记that的用法。
20.,
【解析】句意:我们昨晚去的那家餐馆的食物很好吃。我们上周参观的那个地方很糟糕。由 we went last night 可知限制性定语从句,先行词restaurant,地点名词,在从句中作地点状语,用关系副词where;根据 we visited last week 可知是限制性定语从句,先行词the one,指代the restaurant,指物,在从句中作及物动词visit的宾语,用关系代词that/which,也可以省略关系代词,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句的连接词。根据先行词在从句中所做的成分,确定正确的连接词。
21.B
【解析】句意:我认为这是莫言写的最好的一本书。先行词是"book",空格处填一个在定语从句中作主语的关系代词。which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;that在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人或物,且关系代词作主语时,不能省略;what不能引导定语从句。先行词被形容词最高级修饰时,用that引导定语从句。故答案为B。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句的引导词的区别。
22.A
【解析】句意:我会记住那些在我生命中帮助过我的重要的人。句中包含一个定语从句,空格处应是一个指代人的关系代词,在定语从句中作主语。that引导的定语从句,可以指代人或物; which 引导定语从句时,指代物; where是副词,先行词是表示地点的词。不能在句中做主语。句子的先行词是 people ,表示人的名词。所以用that引导从句,故答案为A。
【点评】考查that引导的定语从句。识记定语从句的结构和that引导定语从句的用法。
23.D
【解析】句意:我想告诉你一些关于餐桌礼仪的事情,你访问英国时应该知道。A.whom谁,宾格形式;B.who谁,主格;C.what什么代词;D.which哪一个。根据语境句子结构分析,此处应是定语从句,修饰表示物的不定代词something,用which,故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意识记定语从句的引导词的选择。
24.D
【解析】句意:——你听说过他们正在谈论的那位著名演员和他的电影吗?——不,我没有。分析句子结构可知,本句是一个定语从句,先行词包含人和物,且关系词在从句中作宾语,故用 that 引导定语从句。故选 D。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意定语从句关系词的使用。
25.A
【解析】句意:画作《清明上河图》是一件令人震惊的展示出北宋时期汴京繁华街道的热闹景象的艺术品。A.which,哪一个,引导定语从句,先行词是物;B.who,谁,引导定语从句,先行词是人;C.what,什么,不引导定语从句;分析句子结构可知"……shows the lively scenes of busy streets in Bianjing during the Northern Song Dynasty"是定语从句,修饰先行词artwork,先行词artwork是物,在从句中作主语,用关系代词引导,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记定语从句的引导词,掌握关系代词that、which、who的用法。
26.B
【解析】句意:罗马是一座充满名胜古迹的古老城市。A.where,关系副词,哪里;B.which,关系代词,指物;C.who,关系代词,指人;分析句子结构可知"……is full of places of interest."是定语从句,修饰先行词city,city是物,在定语从句中作主语,因此引导词用指物的关系代词which,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。识记which在定语从句中的用法。
27.A
【解析】句意:他喜欢恐怖的电影。are,be 动词复数形式;is,be 动词单数形式;which,关系代词(引导定语从句时需避免与先行词后的 that 重复);what,疑问词(不能引导定语从句修饰名词 movies)。结合语句 "He likes movies that … scary." 可知,此处是定语从句,先行词 movies 是复数名词,关系代词 that 在从句中作主语,从句谓语动词需用复数形式 are,故答案为 A。
【点评】考查定语从句的主谓一致及关系词用法。解题需明确定语从句中先行词的单复数属性,确定关系代词作主语时从句谓语动词的单复数形式,同时排除不能引导此类定语从句的连接词。
28.C
【解析】句意:现在很多人喜欢买电动汽车。whom先行词是人,在句中作宾语;who先行词是人;which先行词是物;what不能引导定语从句。分析句子可知,空处缺少一个引导词引导定语从句,先行词是cars,表示物,所以关系词用which。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先理解关系词区别,然后根据先行词cars确定关系词。
29.C
【解析】句意:他今天早上上学迟到了,这让他的老师很生气。句子是定语从句,所以用which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,指代前面一句话,可以译为"这件事"。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意平时识记which引导的是一个非限制性定语从句,理解句意。
30.A
【解析】句意: 去年袭击这座城市的地震是十年来最强的一次。strike袭击,动词,句中有谓语动词,不再需要动词,排除C;此处应该是定语从句,根据句中last year可知,此处描述过去的事情,用一般过去时,strike过去式是struck,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句和一般过去时。注意that引导定语从句的用法。
31.B
【解析】句意:——你喜欢看什么类型的书?——我更喜欢那些能给我一些思考的书。I prefer the ones ____ me可知本句含有定语从句,此处是代词ones做先行词,指代上面的复数书。可知先行词指物。从句缺少连词,且缺少主语。可知关系代词which.that。先行词是复数,从句位谓语动词用原形。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。仔细阅读题干判断是定语从句,确定连词及从句动词形式。
32.A
【解析】句意:我永远不会忘记我们去年一起参观过的那个地方。结合所给语句I'll never forget the place……we visited together last year.可知,这是一个定语从句。先行词 "the place(地方)" 是物,从句 "we visited together last year" 中,"visited" 是及物动词,缺少宾语,"which" 可以指代 "the place" 在从句中作宾语;what,不能引导定语从句,它主要用于引导名词性从句(如主语从句、宾语从句等);who,引导定语从句时,先行词是人,且在从句中作主语。故答案为A。
【点评】考查定语从句关系词的选择。关键在于判断先行词是人还是物,以及关系词在从句中充当的成分。当先行词为物,且在从句中作宾语时,可用关系代词 which。
33.A
【解析】句意:——他们正在谈论什么?——他们正在谈论能给老年人生活产生重大影响的AI机器人。A.which,关系代词,哪一个;B.when,关系副词,什么时候;C.whose,谁的;分析句子结构可知"……will make a big difference to the old people's life."是定语从句,修饰先行词robots,robots是物,在定语从句中作主语,因此用代物的关系代词,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。掌握which、whose、when在定语从句中的用法。
34.C
【解析】句意:你需要两棵相距约10英尺的树,把帐篷挂在上面。ten feet apart约10英尺作前面two trees两棵树的定语,从from开始,后面是一个非限制性定语从句,A.there那儿,B.them它们,C. which哪一个,D.where哪里。能与介词连用引导非限制性定语从句的只有 which,故选C。
【点评】考查非限制性定语从句。注意句型、句式等的熟练掌握,区分关系代词及关系副词等区别,学会分析,选出最佳答案。
35.C
【解析】句意:——我仍然记得奶奶给我讲的所有故事。——我们童年的记忆总是难以忘记。这是定语从句,A什么,引导宾语从句,B引导定语从句,先行词是人,C引导定语从句,先行词是物,stories是先行词,在从句中做宾语,故关系代词用that,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记that引导定语从句,先行词是物的用法。
36.C
【解析】句意:——我真的不知道如何与别人相处融洽。——你应该遵循的最重要的规则是沟通。A引导定语从句,修饰人,B引导定语从句,修饰物,C引导定语从句,修饰物,先行词是rule,规则,被最高级修饰用that引导定语从句,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意识记关系代词that的用法。
37.A
【解析】句意:这是今年上映的最佳电影。A引导定语从句,修饰物,B引导定语从句,修饰物,C引导定语从句,修饰人,先行词是film,指代物,先行词被最高级best修饰,故用that,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意先行词被最高级best修饰用that的用法。
38.B
【解析】句意:现在,机器完成了人类曾经手工完成的工作。分析句子结构可知,填空处后面是定语从句,先行词the work指物,作do的宾语,用which或that引导定语从句。故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句,注意先行词指物时用which或that引导定语从句的用法。
39.C
【解析】句意:我昨天买了一套房子,它过去是汤姆叔叔的。it它;that那个;which哪一个;when何时。空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词为a room,指物,且在非限制性定语从句中作主语,应用关系代词which。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意: 准确判断先行词,先行词是被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词,明确先行词有助于确定关系词。其次,分析先行词在定语从句中所充当的句子成分,如果先行词在从句中作主语,通常用关系代词that、which(指物)或who(指人)等;若先行词在从句中作宾语,可用that、which(指物)、who/whom(指人),也可省略关系词(尤其是在口语或非正式用法中);若先行词在从句中作定语,要用whose。再次,考虑特殊情况,如当先行词是all、much、little、few、none、something、anything、everything等不定代词,或者被the only、the very、the same、the last修饰时,通常只用that;当先行词既有人又有物时,也用that;当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时,定语从句用that。最后,检查句子结构和逻辑关系,确保所选关系词能使整个句子通顺且符合语法规范。
40.B
【解析】句意:这并不是我唯一想看的电影。A.which,关系代词,指物;B.that,关系代词,可代人也可代物;C.whom,关系代词,在定语从句中做宾语;分析句子结构可知,"…… I' ve wished to see."是定语从句,修饰先行词film,film是物,在定语从句中作see的宾语,因此引导词用关系代词,又因为先行词被the only修饰,因此关系代词只能用that,不能用which,故选B。
【点评】考查定语从句。掌握关系代词只能用that不能用which的几种情况。
41.C
【解析】句意:我买了两本书,其中一本是关于心理学的。分析题干可知,两个简单句之间需要有连词,选项AB无连词,从CD选项中进行选择,根据空格后的is可知,主语是单数,both作主语,谓语动词用复数。故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先分析句子结构,弄清两个单句之间的关系,根据be动词确定主语的单复数,结合题意,选择最佳答案。
42.D
【解析】句意:——你觉得这个电视节目怎么样?——我认为这是我看过的最好的节目。who指代人;which指代物;when指代时间;that既可指人也可指物。分析句子结构可知, 这是一个含有定语从句的复合句,主句是I think it is the best program,从句是I have ever watched,修饰先行词program。 先行词program是物且被形容词最高级the best修饰,定语从句的关系代词通常用that。故选D。
【点评】考查定语从句的关系代词。注意定语从句关系代词的用法。
43.D
【解析】句意:我妈妈送给我的礼物使我兴奋不已。根据"The gift which my mom sent to me has made me excited."可知,划线部分修饰名词gift,为定语从句,作定语。故选D。
【点评】考查which引导的定语从句,要求考生识别定语(从句)。
44.A
【解析】句意:回顾过去三年,我感谢在学校遇到的每一个人。A.that引导定语从句,指人或物;B.where引导先行词是地点的定语从句;C.when引导先行词是时间的定语从句;D.which引导定语从句,指物。everyone是先行词,"I met at school"是定语从句,修饰先行词,先行词是人,关系代词要用who/that,应该使用that。故选A。
【点评】考查that引导的定语从句。掌握定语从句关系代词的选择方法。
45.C
【解析】句意:这是我上周买的书。定语从句,先行词指的是人,并且做主语时关系词用who,作宾语时关系词用whom;先行词指的是物,关系词用which;先行词指的是时间,关系词用when。先行词是book,指的是物,所以用which,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先理解关系词区别,然后根据先行词book确定关系词,理解句意。
46.B
【解析】句意:这是他经常提到的地方,但我对此一无所知。sense"感觉";idea"想法";humour"幽默";doubt"怀疑"。 he often mentioned是限制性定语从句,先行词是物,关系词在从句中作mentioned的宾语,用that/which引导定语从句,关系词也可省略;根据"I have no...about it"可知是不知道这个地方,have no idea"不知道"。故选B。
【点评】 考查定语从句和名词词义辨析,区分sense;idea;humour和doubt的含义,which引导的限制性定语从句以及固定短语have no idea。
47.A
【解析】句意:——如今,微信在朋友中很受欢迎。——对。这似乎是人们喜欢的最好的沟通方式。定语从句先行词指的是人,做主语,关系词用who,作宾语,关系词用whom;先行词指的是物,关系词用which/that。先行词是way,指的是物,先行词有最高级best修饰,所以关系词只能用that,不能用which,故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先识记关系词区别,然后根据先行词way和best确定答案,理解句意。
48.A
【解析】句意:他年轻时在学校刻苦学习,这为他后来的成功做出了贡献。A哪一个,定语从句/宾语从句中指代事物;B定语从句中无意义;C什么,不用于定语从句;D因此。根据 ________ contributed to his success in later life. 这为他后来的成功做出了贡献,可知整个主句在从句中作主语,句子为非限定性定语从句,指代事物,关系词用which。故选A。
【点评】考查定语从句。注意熟记非限定性定语从句中,关系词用which指代事物。
49.that/which you can learn from
【解析】根据中英文对照可知此句缺少成分 "你可以从中学习"。"你可以从中学习" 翻译为you can learn from。结合语句 "There are a lot of good websites …",此处需用定语从句修饰 websites,先行词指物且在从句中作 from 的宾语,关系代词可用 that 或 which,"can" 后接动词原形 learn,故答案为 that/which you can learn from。
【点评】考查汉译英。要掌握定语从句的基本结构,明确先行词在从句中作介词宾语时的用法,同时牢记 "learn from"(从…… 学习)的固定搭配。
50.C
【解析】句意:——角落里戴墨镜的中年男人是谁?——他是我认识多年的私人朋友。定语从句先行词指的是物,关系词用which;先行词指的是人,并且作宾语,关系词用whom;whose谁的,修饰名词;先行词指的是时间,关系词用when。friend朋友,指的是人物,并且做known的宾语,所以用whom,故选C。
【点评】考查定语从句,首先理解关系词区别,然后根据先行词确定关系词。
21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑

资源预览