人教社七年级英语上册精讲巧练 Unit 6 A Day in the Life(含答案)

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人教社七年级英语上册精讲巧练 Unit 6 A Day in the Life(含答案)

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人教版七年级上册精讲巧练
Unit 6 A Day in the Life
单元概述
本单元属于“人与自我”范畴,涉及“生活与学习”中的“时间管理”以及“做人与做事”中的“自我认识、自我管理、自我提升”。单元核心问题(Big Question):How can you make good use of your time Section A 围绕“How do you spend your school day?”展开,Section B 围绕“How different are people‘s daily routines?”展开。
学习目标:能够用英语表达时间;能够运用 what time 和 when 询问并描述日常作息;掌握一般现在时(第三人称单数)的用法;了解不同人的日常生活,认识到合理安排时间的重要性。
一、词法精讲
本单元词法主要学习日常作息类核心词汇、频率副词及常用短语。
核心名词(时间与日常事务)
词汇 音标 词义 用法提示
day /de / 一天;一日 school day 上学日
morning / m n / 早晨;上午 in the morning
afternoon / ɑ ft nu n/ 下午 in the afternoon
evening / i vn / 晚上;傍晚 in the evening
quarter / kw t (r)/ 一刻钟;四分之一 a quarter past three(三点一刻)
half /hɑ f/ 一半;半数 half past six(六点半)
homework / h mw k/ 家庭作业 不可数名词,do one‘s homework
housework / ha sw k/ 家务劳动 不可数名词,do housework
routine /ru ti n/ 常规;惯例 have a regular routine
break /bre k/ 休息;间断 have a break
weekend / wi k end/ 周末 at weekends / on weekends
duty / dju ti/ 值班;职责 on duty(值日)
tooth /tu θ/ 牙齿 复数形式为 teeth,brush one‘s teeth
核心动词(日常动作)
词汇 音标 词义 常用搭配
get /ɡet/ 得到;到达 get up(起床)
brush /br / 刷 brush teeth(刷牙)
dress /dres/ 穿衣服 get dressed(穿衣服),dress sb.(给某人穿衣服)
shower / a (r)/ 淋浴(v./n.) take a shower(洗淋浴)
start /stɑ t/ 开始 start doing / to do sth.
finish / f n / 结束;完成 finish homework
stay /ste / 停留;待 stay at home
prepare /pr pe (r)/ 准备 prepare for school
run /r n/ 跑;奔跑 run for exercise
频率副词(本单元重点)
词汇 词义 频率高低 用法提示
always 总是 100% 用于实义动词之前,be动词/助动词之后
usually 通常 约80% 本单元核心频率副词
often 经常 约60%
sometimes 有时 约40%
seldom 很少 约0%
位置口诀:“行前be后” —— 放在实义动词前面,be动词、助动词后面。
例:I usually get up at 6:30. / She is always kind.
重点短语(务必掌握)
短语 释义 短语 释义
get up 起床 do homework 做作业
go to school 去上学 do housework 做家务
have classes / have class 上课 do some reading 阅读;看书
have breakfast / lunch / dinner 吃早餐/午餐/晚餐 on duty 值日
after school 放学后 make use of 利用
go home 回家 stay at home 待在家
go to bed 上床睡觉 at weekends / on weekends 在周末
take a shower 洗淋浴 early to bed, early to rise 早睡早起
get dressed 穿衣服
词法巧练
Exercise 1 根据首字母或中文提示写单词。
1.I brush my t______ every morning.
2.My mother does h______ every day.
3.We have four classes in the m______.
4.A q______ past three is 3:15.
5.It‘s my d______ to clean the classroom today.
6.She wants to be a r______ in the future.(记者)
7.I ______(通常)get up at 6:30.
8.Please ______(准备)for the test.
9.We ______(完成)our homework at 8:00.
10.Let’s take a s______(淋浴).
Exercise2 用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.My sister ______ (brush) her teeth at 6:40 every morning.
2.We should brush our ______ (tooth) twice a day.
3.Let‘s get ______ (dress) quickly.
4.I have a lot of ______ (homework) to do tonight.
5.He ______ (usual) goes to school by bike.
二、语法精讲
本单元重点语法有两个:时间表达法和一般现在时(第三人称单数) 。
(一)时间表达法
1. 整点表达
直接用 基数词 + o’clock 或直接读基数词。例:7:00 → seven o‘clock 或 seven
. 非整点表达
(1)顺读法(直接读法)
按“小时 + 分钟”的顺序直接读出。所有时间都可用此法。
时间 顺读法
6:30 six thirty
7:10 seven ten
8:15 eight fifteen
逆读法(介词法)
情况 结构 示例
分钟数 ≤ 30(半点之前) 分钟 + past + 小时 6:0 → twenty past six
分钟数 = 15 a quarter past + 小时 4:15 → a quarter past four
分钟数 = 30 half past + 小时 6:30 → half past six
分钟数 > 30(半点之后) (60分钟)+ to +(小时+1) 6:44 → sixteen to seven
分钟数 = 45 a quarter to +(小时+1) 6:45 → a quarter to seven
记忆口诀:“半点之前用 past,半点之后用 to;15分说 quarter,30分说 half。”
时间介词搭配
介词 用法 示例
at + 具体时刻 at 6:30 I get up at 6:30.
on + 具体某天 on Sunday I play football on Sunday.
in + 时间段 in the morning I read in the evening.
4. a.m. 与 p.m.
a.m. = in the morning(上午) p.m. = in the afternoon(下午)
(二)一般现在时(第三人称单数)
1. 定义与用法
一般现在时表示经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实、当前状态。当主语是 he / she / it 或单数名词时,谓语动词要用第三人称单数形式。
2.动词第三人称单数变化规则
情况 规则 例词
一般情况 直接加 s get→gets, play→plays
以 s / x / sh / ch / o 结尾 加 es brush→brushes, go→goes, do→does
辅音字母 + y 结尾 变 y 为 i,再加 es study→studies, fly→flies
have 变为 has have→has
3句型结构
句式 结构 示例
肯定句 主语(三单)+ 动词三单 Sam gets up at 9:00.
主语(非三单)+ 动词原形 They get up at 7:00.
否定句 主语 + doesn’t + 动词原形 He doesn‘t get up early.
一般疑问句 Does + 主语 + 动词原形? Does your father go to work at 7:00
注意:在否定句和疑问句中,动词必须用原形。
(三)what time 与 when 引导的特殊疑问句
1. 句式结构
What time / When + do / does + 主语 + 动词原形 + 其他?
例:What time do you get up / When does he go home
. 区别:what time询问具体时刻(几点几分),如:What time do you go to school — At 8:00. when询问时刻或日期(更宽泛),如:When do you have a meeting — On Monday.
小贴士:回答具体时刻用 at,回答日期用 on,回答时间段用 in。
语法巧练
Exercise 1 用所给动词的适当形式填空。
1.My brother ______ (get) up at 6:30 every day.
2.She ______ (brush) her teeth before breakfast.
3.Tom ______ (go) to school at 7:50.
4.______ your mother ______ (clean) the room every day
4.Sam ______ (not have) breakfast at home.
Exercise 用英语写出下列时间(顺读法和逆读法)。
时间 顺读法 逆读法
6:30
7:15
8:45
9:58
2:20
Exercise 3 按要求改写句子。
1.Tom gets up at 6:50.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ___________________________________________
2.She does her homework in the evening.(改为否定句)
→ ___________________________________________
3.I go to school at 7:30.(对画线部分提问)
→ ___________________________________________
4.He plays basketball after school.(对画线部分提问,画线部分为 plays basketball)
→ ___________________________________________
Exercise 4 单项选择。
( )1.My mother ______ breakfast at 7:00 every morning.
A. have B. has C. is having D. to have
( )2.—______ does your father go to work —At 8:00.
A. What B. When C. Where D. How
( )3.I usually get up ______ 6:30 ______ the morning.
A. at; in B. in; at C. at; on D. on; in
( )4.—What time is it —It’s ______.(8:15)
A. eight fifteen B. a quarter to eight
C. half past eight D. eight to fifteen
三、语音精讲
本单元语音重点:名词复数与动词三单 s/es 的发音规则,以及 / / 与 /i / 的辨别。
1. 词尾 s / es 的发音规则
动词第三人称单数和名词复数的词尾 s / es 的读音取决于词尾音素:
词尾音素 发音 例词(动词三单) 例词(名词复数)
清辅音(/p, t, k, f, θ/ 等)后 /s/ gets, walks, laughs books, months
浊辅音(/b, d, g, v, / 等)或元音后 /z/ cleans, runs, plays dogs, days, showers
咝音(/s, z, , , t , d / 等)后 / z/ brushes, watches, finishes classes, boxes, watches
本单元重点例词:
gets /gets/(/t/ 后读 /s/)
brushes / br z/(/ / 后读 / z/)
finishes / f n z/(/ / 后读 / z/)
goes /ɡ z/(元音后读 /z/)
runs /r nz/(/n/ 后读 /z/)
元音音素 / / 与 /i / 的辨别
音素 发音要领 例词
/ / 舌前部稍抬起,唇形扁平,肌肉放松,短促 it, six, finish, minute
/i / 舌前部抬高,唇形扁平,肌肉紧张,拉长 eat, see, week, clean
对比练习(朗读区分):
it — eat six — see finish — week minute — clean
3. 句子重音与语调
本单元重点句型 What time do you get up 中:实词(what, time, get, up)重读,功能词(do, you)弱读,特殊疑问句用降调。
语音巧练
Exercise 1 朗读下列单词,注意词尾 s / es 的发音(口头练习,无书面答案)。
gets brushes finishes goes runs cleans plays watches
Exercise 判断下列单词画线部分的发音是否相同(S 相同 / D 不同)。
( )1. six — see . ( )2. finish — week
( )3. it — eat 4. ( ) clean — see
Exercise 3 朗读下列句子,注意重音和语调(口头练习,无书面答案)。
1.What time do you get up
2.When does she go home
3.I usually get up at half past six.
四、语篇精讲
本单元由三篇对话和两篇记叙文两种不同类型的语篇组成。
语篇一(Section A)——彼得与母亲的对话
场景:早晨妈妈叫醒睡觉的彼得。虽然才6:15,学校8:00上课,但妈妈告诉彼得今天他要值日(on duty),彼得才意识到快要迟到了。妈妈告诉彼得没有时间洗澡了,需要马上穿衣服走,但彼得还是刷了牙,妈妈把早餐递给彼得并送他出门。
交际功能:在家庭场景中谈论早晨的日常作息与时间安排。
核心句型:
叫醒:Get up! / It‘s time to get up!
提醒时间:It’s six fifteen.
表达职责:You‘re on duty today.
语篇二(Section A)——彼得与韩林的对话
场景:韩林询问彼得为什么到学校这么早(只有7:00),彼得回答说今天值日。韩林问彼得通常什么时候起床(6:30)、什么时候吃早饭(大约7:00),彼得说通常先刷牙和洗澡。韩林说通常晚上洗澡,彼得说自己的家人经常早上洗澡。
交际功能:同学之间交流日常作息习惯。
核心句型:
询问原因:Why do you come to school so early
询问作息:What time do you usually get up / When do you have breakfast
语篇三(Section A)——卢佳琪与汤姆的对话
场景:卢佳琪是学校的小记者,采访汤姆的日常作息。汤姆大约6:50起床,7:10吃早餐,7:50去上学,大约5:00回家,之后打篮球,6:30吃晚餐,然后做家庭作业,9:30上床睡觉。卢佳琪认为9:30太早了,汤姆说早睡早起(Early to bed, early to rise!)。
交际功能:用采访形式了解他人的日常作息。
核心句型:
What time do you get up — Around 6:50.
When do you go home — Around 5:00.
What do you do after that — I play basketball.
语篇四(Section B)——山姆的周末(记叙文)
场景:山姆通常在9:00起床,之后做早饭和写作业。大约下午:00和朋友们踢足球。6:00左右和家人去餐馆吃晚饭。周日经常帮妈妈做家务,有时下午看电影,晚餐后总是弹一会儿吉他,大约10:00上床睡觉。
交际功能:用记叙文描述周末日常活动。
核心句型:
On Sunday mornings, Sam often helps his mother with housework.
He always plays the guitar for a while after dinner.
语篇五(Section B)——不同职业的日常(记叙文)
场景:从中国孩子 Wenwen 的视角描述护士妈妈的日常作息;从英国孩子 Colin 的视角描述垃圾清理工爸爸的日常作息。通过对比不同职业的作息时间,引导学生理解不同人的生活方式。
语篇理解要点:
询问具体作息时间用 What time;询问较宽泛的时间用 When。
描述日常活动用一般现在时;主语为三单时动词要加 s/es。
频率副词(usually, always, often, sometimes)表示动作发生的频率。
语篇巧练
Exercise 1 根据对话内容完成句子。
(根据语篇一)Peter‘s mother wakes him up at ______. School starts at ______, but Peter is ______ today. He has no time to take a ______, but he still ______ his teeth.
(根据语篇三)Tom gets up at around ______. He has breakfast at ______ and goes to school at ______. He goes home at around ______. He goes to bed at ______.
Exercise 补全对话。
A: Good morning, Tom! I’m a school ______. Can I ask you some questions
B: Sure.
A: What time do you ______ get up
B: I usually get up at around 6:50.
A: And when do you ______ breakfast
B: At about 7:10.
A: What do you do ______ school
B: I play ______ with my friends.
Exercise 3 阅读理解(判断正误 T / F)。
( )1. Peter gets up at 8:00.
( )2. Peter is on duty today.
( )3. Tom goes home at around 5:00.
( )4. Tom thinks 9:30 is too late to go to bed.
( )5. Sam often helps his mother with housework on Sunday.
( ) 6.Sam plays the violin after dinner.
Exercise 4 根据提示描述自己的一天(书面表达,无标准答案)。
用以下句型介绍你的一天:
I usually get up at...
I have breakfast at...
I go to school at...
I have classes from...to...
I go home at...
I do my homework at...
I go to bed at...
I think ... is a good time to...
五、综合提升练习
Exercise 1 语法填空(阅读短文,用括号内单词的适当形式填空)。
My name is Li Ming. I ______ (have) a busy school day.
I ______ (get) up at 6:30 and ______ (brush) my teeth. Then I ______ (have) breakfast at 7:00. I ______ (go) to school at 7:30. We ______ (have) four classes in the morning. I ______ (have) lunch at 1:00. In the afternoon, we ______ (have) two classes. I ______ (go) home at 5:00. After dinner, I ______ (do) my homework. I ______ (go) to bed at 9:30.
My sister ______ (be) different. She ______ (get) up at 7:00. She ______ (not have) breakfast at home. She ______ (go) to school at 7:50.
Exercise2 按要求改写句子。
1.She does her homework at 8:00.(改为否定句)
→ ___________________________________________
2.They go to school at 7:30.(改为一般疑问句)
→ ___________________________________________
3.My father gets up at 6:00.(对画线部分提问)
→ ___________________________________________
4.I usually have dinner at 6:30.(对画线部分提问,画线部分为 at 6:30)
→ ___________________________________________
Exercise 3 书面表达——介绍你的一天。
根据本单元所学,写一篇不少于60词的短文,介绍你上学日的一天。内容包括:
1.你几点起床、吃早餐、上学;
2.你上午和下午的安排;
3.你放学后的活动;
4.你几点睡觉及你对时间安排的想法。
可用句型:
1.I usually get up at...
2.I have... at...
3.I go to... at...
4.After school, I...
5.I think it‘s important to...
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
词法巧练
Exercise 1
1.teeth 2.housework 3. morning 4. quarter 5. duty
6.reporter 7. usually 8. prepare 9. finish 10. shower
Exercise2
1.brushes 2. teeth 3. dressed 4. homework 5. usually
语法巧练
Exercise 1
1.gets 2.brushes 3. goes 4. Does; clean 5. doesn‘t have
Exercise 2
时间 顺读法 逆读法
6:30 six thirty half past six
7:15 seven fifteen a quarter past seven
8:45 eight forty-five a quarter to nine
9:58 nine fifty-eight two to ten
2:20 two twenty twenty past two
Exercise 3
1.Does Tom get up at 6:50
2.She doesn’t do her homework in the evening.
3.What time do you go to school
4.What does he do after school
Exercise 4
1.B(has) 2.B(When) 3. A(at; in) 4.A(eight fifteen)
语音巧练
Exercise (S=相同,D=不同)
1.D(six / /,see /i /) 2.D(finish / /,week /i /) 3.D(it / /,eat /i /)4.S(都是 /i /)
Exercise 1 和 Exercise 3 为朗读题,无书面答案。
语篇巧练
Exercise 1
(语篇一)6:15; 8:00; on duty; shower; brushes
(语篇三)6:50; 7:10; 7:50; 5:00; 9:30
Exercise 2
reporter; usually; have; after; basketball
Exercise 3
1.F(彼得6:15被叫醒,不是8:00起床) 2.T 3.T
4.F(卢佳琪认为太早,汤姆说早睡早起)
5.T
6.F(山姆弹吉他,不是小提琴)
综合提升练习
Exercise 1 语法填空
have; get; brush; have; go; have; have; have; go; do; go; is; gets; doesn‘t have; goes
Exercise2 改写句子
1.She doesn’t do her homework at 8:00.
2.Do they go to school at 7:30
3.What time does your father get up
4.When do you usually have dinner (或 What time do you usually have dinner )

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