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译林八年级上册Unit 3 To be a good learner语法精讲精练
副词比较级和最高级
有时我们在对动作或状态的程度进行比较时，会用副词的比较级和最高级。如：
Daniel arrived earlier than me. 丹尼尔到得比我早。
She plays volleyball (the) best in her class. 她在她的班上排球打得最好。
注意：副词最高级前的 the 可以省略。
◆ 副词比较级和最高级的构成方法与形容词基本相同。
规则 原级 比较级 最高级
单音节词 大多数词后加 er 或 est lowfast lowerfaster lowestfastest
多音节词和部分双音节词 在词的前面加 more 或 most beautifullyquickly more beautifullymore quickly most beautifullymost quickly
◆ 其中常见的不规则变化有：
well—better—best、badly—worse—worst、far—further/farther—furthest/farthest。
◆ 有些词既可用作形容词又可用作副词，如 far、fast、hard、high、late、long 和 well。
反身代词
反身代词即人称代词的反身形式，它所指代的人或物与主语一致，在句中可以起到强调作用。如：
Mike cannot look after himself. 迈克不能照顾自己。
The children enjoyed themselves very much at the Lantern Festival.
孩子们在元宵节那天玩得非常高兴。
They kept the secret to themselves. 他们保守着这个秘密。
I painted the room myself. 我自己粉刷了房间。
注意：反身代词和它所指代的对象在人称、性别、数上必须保持一致。
◆ 英语中的反身代词如下：
人称 单数 复数
第一人称 myself ourselves
第二人称 yourself yourselves
第三人称 himselfherselfitself themselves
注意：第一人称和第二人称的反身代词是由形容词性物主代词加上 self 或 selves 构成，第三人称的反身代词是由代词宾格加上 self 或 selves 构成。当所指代的对象性别不详时，我们可以用 themself 代替 himself 或 herself。
◆ 反身代词在句中不能单独做主语。如：
Myself can finish my homework. (×)
I can finish my homework myself. ( )
副词比较级&最高级 + 反身代词 语法专项练习
一、用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The buses run ________ (fast) than the bikes.
2. All classes dance ________ (beautifully) of all competing teams.
3. The teams performed ________ (badly) in yesterday’s match. All teams hope to perform better next time.
4. Which classes write ________ (carefully) in the whole grade
5. The coaches arrived ________ (early) than other staff this morning.
6. The swimming teams can swim ________ (far) than the running groups.
7. Every class finished tasks all by ________ (they).
8. The small animal groups can look after ________ (it) without workers’ help.
9. All sports teams enjoyed ________ (they) at the school party last night.
10. The club groups should finish group tasks by ________ (we).
11. The music teams play instruments ________ (well) than last term’s teams.
12. These trains move ________ (slowly) than those high-speed trains.
13. The sports teams hurt ________ (they) during daily training.
14. Of all racing teams, the cycling groups run ________ (quickly).
15. All club groups must finish tasks ________ (they), without outside support.
二、单项选择。
1. —Which teams run ______, cycling teams or running teams
—Cycling teams do.
A. fast B. faster C. fastest D. the fastest
2. All classes cannot finish group work by ______. More support is needed.
A. them B. their C. themselves D. they
3. All dance teams perform ______ among all competition groups.
A. beautifully B. more beautifully
C. most beautifully D. beautiful
4. All club teams should keep the secret to ______.
A. them B. themselves C. their D. they
5. The coach teams drive ______ than the volunteer groups.
A. carefully B. more carefully
C. most carefully D. careful
6. The small animal groups can feed ______ without workers’ care.
A. them B. their C. themselves D. theirs
7. Which groups finished tasks ______, art teams or sports teams
—Art teams. Fewer mistakes appeared in their work.
A. good B. better C. best D. well
8. All foreign language groups taught ______ new words during free time last term.
A. them B. their C. themselves D. theirs
9. All speech teams speak English ______ of all groups in the competition.
A. clearly B. more clearly C. most clearly D. clear
10. Don’t worry. All volunteer teams can look after ______.
A. they B. them C. their D. themselves
三、句型转换
1. Class A works hard. Class B works harder.（合并句子）
Class B works ________ ________ Class A.
2. The art teams sing best in the whole school.（改为同义句）
The art teams sing ________ than ________ ________ team in the whole school.
3. All class members cleaned training rooms alone yesterday.（改为同义句）
All class members cleaned training rooms ________ ________ yesterday.
4. The ball teams did badly in the match. The swimming teams did worse.（合并句子）
The swimming teams did ________ ________ than the ball teams in the match.
5. All competition teams enjoyed themselves in the sports park.（改为一般疑问句）
________ all competition teams ________ themselves in the sports park
6. The cycling groups run fastest in the grade.（改为否定句）
The cycling groups ________ ________ fastest in the grade.
7. All club teams can finish group tasks by themselves.（改为单数集体句）
Each team ________ finish group tasks by ________.
8. The painting groups write carefully. The speech groups write more carefully.（合并句子）
The speech groups write ________ ________ the painting groups.
四、翻译句子。
1. 所有跑步队伍每天比骑行队伍更早集合。
________________________________________________
2. 所有篮球队在整个年级里打球打得最好。
________________________________________________
3. 所有班级昨晚在集体活动中玩得十分开心。
________________________________________________
4. 所有社团队伍可以独立完成集体任务。
________________________________________________
5. 外语小组说英语比美术小组表达得更清晰。
________________________________________________
五、短文填空。
Last week the school held a group sports meeting. All cycling teams ran ______(1) (fast) than all other sports groups. They ran ______(2) (fast) of all competing teams. All long-jump groups jumped ______(3) (far) than last year’s teams.
All teams finished every activity by ______(4) (they). No teachers helped ______(5) (they). The ball teams did ______(6) (badly) in the relay race, but all members tried their best.
All music groups sang ______(7) (beautifully) than last term’s teams. They taught ______(8) (they) new songs in free time. They sang ______(9) (well) of all performance groups.
Remember: Every group should believe in ______(10) (they) and practice ______(11) (much). The ______(12) (hard) all teams train, the better results will appear.译林八年级上册Unit 3 To be a good learner语法练习
参考答案
一、用所给词的适当形式填空
1. faster
解析：than 标志副词比较级，fast 单音节副词比较级直接加-er。
2. (the) most beautifully
解析：of all 多者范围用最高级，多音节副词最高级加most；副词最高级前the可省略。
3. badly
解析：描述过去比赛状态，用副词原级。
4. (the) most carefully
解析：in the whole grade 大范围，使用副词最高级。
5. earlier
解析：than 提示比较级，early作副词时比较级为earlier。
6. farther / further
解析：far 副词比较级，farther侧重距离，further侧重抽象程度，两者均可。
7. themselves
解析：by oneself 独立、独自；主语Every class为集体名词，对应复数反身代词themselves。
8. 答案：themselves
解析句子主语是The small animal groups（小动物群体，复数概念），括号内给出代词 it（单数，它）。当动作的宾语和主语指代同一对象时，要用反身代词。单数 it → 反身代词 itself复数（动物群体）→ 对应复数反身代词 themselves
9. themselves
解析：enjoy oneself 玩得开心，主语All sports teams搭配themselves。
10. ourselves
解析：集体名词作主语，by oneself 搭配themselves。
11. better
解析：than 提示well副词比较级better。
12. more slowly
解析：slowly多音节副词，比较级前加more。
13. themselves
解析：hurt oneself 伤到自身，主语sports teams用themselves。
14. (the) most quickly
解析：of all racing teams 三者以上范围，副词最高级。
15. themselves
解析：All club groups为复数集体，by themselves 独立完成。
二、单项选择
1. B
解析：两者群体对比，用副词比较级faster。
2. C
解析：by themselves 固定搭配，独自完成。
3. C
解析：among all 多组对比，使用最高级most beautifully。
4. B
解析：keep the secret to themselves 集体保守秘密，反身代词与主语匹配。
5. B
解析：than 提示多音节副词carefully比较级more carefully。
6. C
解析：动物群体整体复数，feed themselves 自行进食。
7. B
解析：两组对比，well副词比较级better。
8. C
解析：teach oneself 自学，集体名词搭配themselves。
9. C
解析：of all groups 全部队伍，副词最高级most clearly。
10. D
解析：look after themselves 团队自我照料，主语volunteer teams匹配themselves。
三、句型转换
1. harder than
解析：两者对比，hard副词比较级harder。
2. better; any other
解析：最高级同义转换结构：比较级 + than any other + 单数集体名词。
3. by themselves
解析：alone = by themselves 独立完成。
4. worse
解析：badly副词比较级worse，than提示使用比较级。
5. Did; enjoy
解析：一般过去时一般疑问句，助动词Did后接动词原形enjoy。
6. don’t run
解析：主语cycling groups为复数，一般现在时否定用don’t + 动词原形。
7. can; itself
解析：each team 单数集体，反身代词用itself。
8. more carefully than
解析：carefully多音节副词比较级more carefully，两组对比。
四、翻译句子
1. All running groups gather earlier than cycling groups every day.
2. All basketball teams play basketball (the) best in the whole grade.
3. All classes enjoyed themselves at the group activity last night.
4. All club teams can finish group tasks by themselves.
5. Foreign language groups speak English more clearly than painting groups.
五、短文填空
1. faster
解析：than引导两者对比，fast比较级faster。
2. (the) fastest
解析：all competing teams 全部参赛队伍，副词最高级。
3. farther / further
解析：than last year’s teams 对比往年队伍，far比较级。
4. themselves
解析：by themselves 所有队伍独立完成活动。
5. them
解析：动词helped后接人称代词宾格them。
6. badly
解析：do badly 发挥糟糕，描述当时赛场状态。
7. more beautifully
解析：than last term’s teams 对比上学期队伍，多音节副词比较级。
8. themselves
解析：teach themselves 小组自学歌曲，集体搭配themselves。
9. (the) best
解析：all performance groups 全部表演队伍，well最高级best。
10. themselves
解析：believe in themselves 团队相信自身。
11. more
解析：practice more 多加练习，much比较级more。
12. harder
解析：固定句型 the + 比较级, the + 比较级，the harder…the better 越努力，成果越好。

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