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外研版（新教材）九年级上册Unit2 On the money语法讲练
时间状语从句和地点状语从句
核心语法1：时间状语从句
知识点1 核心语法讲解
在复合句中，用一个从句作主句动作的时间状语，用来交代主句动作发生、持续、结束的时间，称为时间状语从句。
本单元高频引导连词：when / while / as / as soon as / before / after / until / since。
基础公式：主句 + 时间连词 + 时间状语从句（从句统一使用陈述语序）
核心总时态口诀：主将从现、主过从过、现完配一过（since专属）
知识点2 必考黄金规则：主将从现（最高频考点）
当主句描述将来动作时，时间状语从句必须用一般现在时表将来，不用will。共4类主句适用场景：
1.主句为一般将来时（will do）
例：I will save money when I get my pocket money.
2.主句为祈使句（动词原形开头）
例：Put your money away when you finish counting.
3.主句含情态动词（can/should/must/may）
例：You should learn to save before you spend.
4.主句为be going to（计划将来）
例：I am going to buy a piggy bank as soon as I arrive home.
知识点3 过去时态配套规则
1.主过从过：主从句均为过去发生动作，时态统一为过去式
例：As soon as the reporter arrived, the students cheered.
2.主过从进行：主句短暂过去动作，while从句延续长动作（过去进行时）
例：I met an old friend while I was shopping.
知识点4 八大引导词用法对照表（中考完整版）
引导词 动词使用要求 核心含义 经典例句
when 短暂动词、延续动词均可通用 当……时（时间点/时间段通用） When I got home, my mom was cooking.
while 只接延续动词，多用进行时 正当……期间（同步长动作） While I was studying, my sister was sleeping.
as 多接延续动词 一边……一边；随着；当……时 As time goes by, we grow up.（随着） As we walked, we talked.（一边…一边）
as soon as 无限制 一……就……（动作紧密衔接） I will call you as soon as I finish work.
before 无限制 在……之前 Think twice before you spend money.
after 无限制 在……之后 He cleaned the room after he finished homework.
until 肯定句：延续动词否定句：短暂动词 直到…… not…until 直到……才 I waited until he came back.He didn’t stop until it was dark.
since 从句统一一般过去时 自从…… He has lived here since he was young.
知识点5 since 重难点易错点（中考专属坑点）
固定铁律：since从句用一般过去时，主句必须用现在完成时
It’s + 时间段 + since 从句 双语翻译规则：
1.从句短暂动词：动作发生距今多久
It’s 3 years since I left here. 我离开这里三年了。
2.从句延续动词：不做这件事已经多久
It’s 3 years since I lived here. 我不住在这里已经三年了。
知识点6 until / till 细微辨析
1.语义完全一致，均可表“直到”
2.till：只能放句中，不可置于句首
3.until：句首、句中均可，正式文体通用
4.固定搭配：not…until（唯一标准否定句式，不用not…till）
知识点7 状语从句必考省略规则（完形/填空高频）
适用条件：从句主语 = 主句主语，且从句含be动词，可省略「主语+be动词」
例：While (I was) shopping, I saw a nice piggy bank.
例：When (he is) asked for help, he always agrees.
考点精练
一、单项选择（共20小题）
从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
( )1．The first plane had already hit the building ________ I knew what was going on,
A．before B．as C．after D．until
( )2．My grandma has kept this old photo _________ she was a teenager.
A．when B．since C．until D．while
( )3．Listening to music can help you let go of problems ________ you give it your full attention.
A．unless B．as C．as if D．even if
( )4．I was doing my homework ________ my mother was cooking dinner in the kitchen.
A．or B．while C．until D．unless
( )5．—What’s the matter
— I ________ down while I ________ on the ice. I got hurt badly.
A．was falling, skated B．fell, was skating
C．fell, skated D．was falling, skating
( )6．We can learn much about porcelain (瓷器) culture ________ we visit the Jingdezhen Ceramic Museum.
A．unless B．when C．although D．till
( )7．Jack’s mother was so tired. She fell asleep ________ she ________ down on the bed.
A．unless; lay B．as soon as; lay C．unless; laid D．as soon as; laid
( )8．He ________ the importance of saving money ________ he lost his job.
A．didn’t know; unless B．knew; until
C．didn’t know; until D．knew; unless
( )9．I didn’t go to bed ________ I finished my homework last night.
A．although B．until C．so that D．if
( )10．Alice will work as a doctor after she ________ school.
A．left B．had left C．leaves D．will leave
( )11．The students usually have a 15-minute short rest _________ they have a class.
A．when B．after C．so D．until
( )12．We need to take action to save every drop of water ________ it is too late.
A．before B．as C．after D．until
( )13．It ________ four years since my family ________ to Xiamen.
A．is; have moved B．has been; has moved
C．is; moved D．was; moved
( )14．My father ________ here since he ________ to this school.
A．taught; came B．has taught; came
C．taught; has come D．has taught; has come
( )15．As I ________ in line, I heard a loud noise from that building which is two blocks away.
A．wait B．waited C．was waiting D．waiting
( )16．The wind power of our country develops more quickly ________ we push for green energy.
A．though B．before C．as D．until
( )17．________ I grew older, I liked to reread the ________ regularly.
A．If; classic B．As; classical C．If; classics D．As; classics
( )18．—Mum, I don’t quite understand the English saying “All roads lead to Rome”.
—Dear, don’t worry. ________ time goes by, you will get to know it.
A．Since B．While C．As D．Until
( )19．Unless he ________ the job on time next week, I can’t tell him when he ________ another one.
A．finishes; is given B．will finish; will be given
C．will finish; will give D．finishes; will be given
( )20．I was doing my homework ________ my mom came back.
A．when B．while C．because D．during
二、句型转换（共10小题）
按要求完成下列句子，每空一词。
1．The baby kept crying before its mother came back. (改为同义句)
The baby ________ stop crying ________ its mother came back
2．What were you doing at the time of the heavy rain
What were you doing ________ the heavy rain ________
3．Martin’s trouble didn’t begin until he walked into the restaurant. (改为同义句)
Martin’s trouble began ________ ________ ________ he walked into the restaurant.
4．His uncle left his hometown ten years ago. (改为同义句)
________ ten years ________ his uncle left his hometown.
5．Students in China go to school at the age of eight. (保持句意基本不变)
Students in China go to school ________ they ________ eight.
6．Kitty will believe it when she has seen it with her own eyes. (保持原句意思)
Kitty _______ believe it _______ she has seen it with her own eyes.
7．Jack’s mother came back. Jack began to do his homework.（保持句意基本不变）
Jack ________ begin to do his homework ________ his mother came back.
8．When talking with foreigners, you’d better not talk about age, weight or money.（改为同义句）
When you ________ with foreigners, ________ talking about age, weight or money.
9．When he saw me, he told me the news at once. (改为同义句）
He told me the news ________ ________ ________ he saw me.
10．Peter will go shopping after he finishes his homework.（保持句意不变）
Peter ________ go shopping ________ he finishes his homework.
核心语法2：地点状语从句
知识点1 核心语法讲解
在复合句中，用来修饰主句动词、表示动作发生地点的从句，叫做地点状语从句。
核心引导连词：where / wherever / anywhere
基础公式：主句 + 地点连词 + 地点状语从句
知识点2 三大引导词用法详解
1.where 在……地方（特指）
修饰主句动作，表具体位置，可用于实体地点+抽象地点
实地点：Put your money where you can see it.
抽象地点：Where there is a will, there is a way.
2.wherever = no matter where 无论哪里（泛指/让步）
可互换，表任意位置
例：Wherever you go, you should save money. = No matter where you go, you should save money.
3.anywhere 任何地方（多用于否定/疑问/条件句）
例：Don’t leave your cash anywhere you can’t find it.
知识点3 中考重难点：where三类从句精准区分（易错最高频）
从句类型 精准判断标准 例句
地点状语从句 where前无地点名词，修饰主句动词 Stand where the light is bright.
定语从句 前有地点先行词，且从句不缺主/宾语，只缺地点状语（从句缺主宾则用which/that，不用where） This is the shop where I bought the comb.
宾语从句 where放在动词/介词后，整体作宾语，译为“哪里” I don’t know where he hides his money.
考点精练
( )1. You’d better put your wallet ______ you can easily find it.
A. which B. where C. what D. when
( )2. ______ you travel, remember to take your ID card with you.
A. Where B. Wherever C. What D. When
( )3. Don’t leave your keys ______ you may forget them.
A. anywhere B. where C. wherever D. somewhere
( )4. ______ there is love, there is warmth.
A. When B. Where C. If D. Though
( )5. This is the small shop ______ I bought my notebook last week.
A. where B. anywhere C. wherever D. what
( )6. —Could you tell me ______ I can buy this kind of pen
—In the shop down the street.
A. where B. wherever C. anywhere D. which
( )7. ______ you choose to study, you should stick to your dream.
A. Where B. Wherever C. What D. How
( )8. Plant these flowers ______ there is plenty of sunshine.
A. which B. where C. that D. what
( )9. You can’t park your car ______ you like in the city centre.
A. where B. wherever C. anywhere D. somewhere
( )10. I don’t know ______ he hid his new bike.
A. where B. wherever C. anywhere D. when
( )11. Stay ________ you are. I’ll be back in a minute.
A．where B．when C．as D．how
( )12. —Mom, what did your doctor say
—He advised me to live ________ the air is fresher.
A．in where B．in which C．the place where D．where
( )13. But someone reported to have seen him ________ he used to play a lot.
A．because B．which C．where D．when
( )14. The policeman asked me to stay ________ I stood.
A．in which B．when C．at which D．where
( )15. If you happen to get lost in the wild, you’d better stay________you are and wait for help.
A．why B．where C．who D．what答案解析
第一部分 时间状语从句 考点精练
一、单项选择（20道）
1. 答案：A。解析：before 在……之前；句意为“我还没反应过来第一架飞机就撞上大楼了”，动作撞击发生在明白状况之前；as当…时，after在…之后，until直到，均不符合逻辑。
2. 答案：B。解析：since 自从，遵循“主句现在完成时+从句一般过去时”；has kept 为现在完成时，搭配since she was a teenager；when当…时，until直到，while正当，时态不匹配。
3. 答案：B。解析：as 随着/当……时；句意为“当你全身心投入时，听音乐能帮你排解烦恼”；unless除非，as if好像，even if即使，语义不通。
4. 答案：B。解析：while 连接两个同步进行的延续性动作，主从句均用过去进行时；or或者，until直到，unless除非，无法连接同步长动作。
5. 答案：B。解析：fell 短暂动词过去式（摔倒），while后接延续动作过去进行时was skating；句意“我滑冰的时候摔倒受伤了”，短暂动作用一般过去，延续背景动作用过去进行。
6. 答案：B。解析：when 当……时候；句意“参观景德镇陶瓷馆时我们能学到很多瓷器文化”；unless除非，although虽然，till直到，语义不符。
7. 答案：B。解析：as soon as 一……就；lay 是lie（躺下）的过去式；laid 是lay（放置）过去式，躺下用lie-lay-lain；unless除非逻辑不通。
8. 答案：C。解析：not…until 直到……才；句意“直到失业他才明白省钱的重要性”，主句需要否定形式didn’t know；unless除非逻辑错误。
9. 答案：B。解析：not…until 固定搭配，昨晚我写完作业才睡觉；although虽然，so that以便，if如果，均不匹配固定句型。
10. 答案：C。解析：主将从现，主句will work将来时，after引导从句用一般现在时leaves表将来；left过去式，had left过去完成，will leave将来时均违反规则。
11. 答案：B。解析：after 在……之后；句意“上完一节课后学生有15分钟休息”；when当…时，so因此，until直到，逻辑不符。
12. 答案：A。解析：before 在为时已晚之前；句意“趁还来得及，我们要节约用水”；as随着，after之后，until直到语义颠倒。
13. 答案：C。解析：固定句型It is +时间段+since从句，since从句用一般过去时moved；主句不用完成时，A/B/D时态搭配错误。
14. 答案：B。解析：since铁律：主句现在完成时has taught，从句一般过去时came；since从句不能用现在完成时，排除ACD。
15. 答案：C。解析：as引导时间状语从句，主句heard短暂过去动作，从句排队是延续背景，用过去进行时was waiting；wait原形，waited一般过去，waiting缺谓语均错误。
16. 答案：C。解析：as 随着；句意“随着我们大力发展绿色能源，我国风电发展更快”；though虽然，before之前，until直到语义不通。
17. 答案：D。解析：as 随着；classic表“经典作品”复数classics；if如果逻辑不符，classical形容词不能单独作宾语。
18. 答案：C。解析：As time goes by 固定搭配，随着时光流逝；since自从，while后接延续进行动作，until直到均不适用该固定句式。
19. 答案：D。解析：第一空unless引导条件状语从句，遵循主将从现，用finishes；第二空when宾语从句表将来，他将会被分配工作，用一般将来时被动will be given。
20. 答案：A。解析：when可接短暂动作came back（回来），while只能接延续性进行动作；because因为，during介词不能引导从句。
二、句型转换（10道）
1. 答案：didn’t; until。解析：原句“宝宝在妈妈回来前一直哭”转换为not…until直到……才，一般过去时否定用didn’t。
2. 答案：when; happened。解析：at the time of the heavy rain = when the heavy rain happened 大雨来临的时候，过去式happened。
3. 答案：as soon as。解析：didn’t…until 同义替换as soon as一……就，句意“他一走进餐厅麻烦就来了”。
4. 答案：It’s; since。解析：固定句型It’s +时间段+since从句，替换ten years ago过去时句式。
5. 答案：when; are。解析：at the age of eight = when they are eight 当他们八岁时，一般现在时are。
6. 答案：won’t; until。解析：when从句主将从现，同义转换not…until，将来时否定won’t。
7. 答案：didn’t; until。解析：原句“妈妈回来他才写作业”，用not…until一般过去时否定didn’t。
8. 答案：are talking; don’t。解析：状语从句省略主语be还原：When you are talking；you’d better not = don’t。
9. 答案：as soon as。解析：at once立刻，同义替换as soon as一……就，引导时间状语从句。
10. 答案：won’t; until。解析：after将来动作转换为not…until直到完成作业才去购物，将来否定won’t。
第二部分 地点状语从句 考点精练
1. 答案：B。解析：空格前无地点名词，where引导地点状语从句修饰动词put，表“在……地方”；A.which引导定语从句前面必须有地点先行词，C.what什么，D.when何时，均排除。
2. 答案：B。解析：wherever=no matter where，意为无论哪里，引导让步类地点状语从句；A.where特指某地，C.what什么，D.when何时，均不符合泛指语境。
3. 答案：A。解析：anywhere多用于否定句，引导地点状语从句，表任何地方；B.where特指某处，C.wherever无论哪里，D.somewhere某处（多用于肯定句），均排除。
4. 答案：B。解析：where引导抽象地点状语从句，固定句型Where there is..., there is...；A.when当……时，C.if如果，D.though虽然，均不匹配经典句式。
5. 答案：A。解析：先行词the small shop是地点名词，从句缺地点状语，where引导定语从句；B.anywhere任何地方，C.wherever无论哪里，D.what什么，均无法引导定语从句。
6. 答案：A。解析：where放在动词tell后作宾语，引导宾语从句，译为哪里；B.wherever无论哪里，C.anywhere任何地方，D.which哪一个，均不符合问答逻辑。
7. 答案：B。解析：wherever=no matter where，表无论何地，引导让步地点状语从句；A.where特指单一地点，C.what什么，D.how如何，均排除。
8. 答案：B。解析：无地点先行词，where引导地点状语从句修饰动词plant；A.which、C.that只能引导定语从句，D.what什么，均不适用。
9. 答案：C。解析：本句为否定句，anywhere引导地点状语从句，表任何地方；A.where特指某地，B.wherever无论哪里，D.somewhere某处（肯定句使用），均排除。
10. 答案：A。解析：where跟在动词know后引导宾语从句，意为哪里；B.wherever无论何处，C.anywhere任何地方，D.when何时，均不符合句意。
11. 答案：A。解析：无地点先行词，where引导地点状语从句修饰动词stay，意为待在原地；B.when何时，C.as因为/当……时，D.how如何，均排除。
12. 答案：D。解析：where引导地点状语从句；A.in where语法错误，B.in which引导定语从句前需地点名词，C.the place where结构残缺，均排除。
13. 答案：C。解析：where引导抽象地点状语从句，指代玩耍的地方；A.because因为，B.which哪一个，D.when何时，均不符合地点含义。
14. 答案：D。解析：无地点先行词，where引导地点状语从句；A.in which、C.at which只能引导定语从句，前面必须有地点名词，B.when何时，均排除。
15. 答案：B。解析：where引导地点状语从句修饰stay，表待在当前位置；A.why为什么，C.who谁，D.what什么，均排除。

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