资源简介

中小学教育资源及组卷应用平台
人教社2024版八年级英语上册精讲巧练
Unit 2 Home Sweet Home
本单元以“家与家庭生活”为话题，从“居住环境描述”“家庭活动分享”“家庭关系表达”三个维度展开。依据2022年版课标三级目标，学生应能在日常交际中听懂并描述自己的家庭和居住环境，能在语境中理解词汇和语法，具备初步的语篇意识和语用能力。语言知识涵盖语音、词汇、语法、语篇和语用五个方面，强调在真实情境中综合运用。
第一部分 核心词汇精讲
一、家庭场所与房间类词汇
单词 词性 释义 例句
bedroom n. 卧室 I share a bedroom with my sister.
kitchen n. 厨房 My mother is cooking in the kitchen.
living room n. 客厅 We watch TV in the living room.
bathroom n. 浴室 The bathroom is next to my bedroom.
dining room n. 餐厅 We have dinner in the dining room.
garden n. 花园 There are many flowers in our garden.
yard n. 院子 The children are playing in the yard.
garage n. 车库 My father parks his car in the garage.
balcony n. 阳台 I like to read books on the balcony.
basement n. 地下室 We store old things in the basement.
巧练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.My grandparents have a beautiful ______ (花园) behind their house.
2.We usually eat breakfast in the ______ (餐厅).
3.There is a small ______ (阳台) outside my bedroom window.
4.Please put your shoes in the ______ (车库).
二、家居物品与设施类词汇
单词 词性 释义 例句
sofa n. 沙发 The sofa is very comfortable.
table n. 桌子 We put the vase on the table.
shelf n. 架子 There are many books on the shelf.
drawer n. 抽屉 I keep my socks in the drawer.
fridge n. 冰箱 Put the milk in the fridge.
stove n. 炉灶 She is cooking eggs on the stove.
shower n. 淋浴 I take a shower every morning.
mirror n. 镜子 She looks at herself in the mirror.
curtain n. 窗帘 Please open the curtains.
carpet n. 地毯 The cat is sleeping on the carpet.
巧练：根据句意及首字母提示填空。
1.I need to buy a new s______ for my books.
2.The m______ on the wall is very beautiful.
3.Please close the c______. The sun is too bright.
4.We have a new f______ in the kitchen.
家庭活动与日常事务类词汇
单词 词性 释义 例句
relax v. 放松 I like to relax in the living room.
decorate v. 装饰 We decorate the house for Spring Festival.
clean v. 打扫 She cleans her bedroom every weekend.
cook v. 做饭 My father cooks delicious food.
repair v. 修理 He repaired the broken chair.
water v. 浇水 I water the flowers in the garden.
feed v. 喂养 She feeds her cat twice a day.
share v. 分享 We share the housework equally.
organize v. 整理；组织 I organize my desk every day.
巧练：从方框中选择合适的词填空。
water, decorate, relax, share, repair
1.My brother is trying to ______ his old bike.
2.We ______ the house with colorful lights for the party.
3.I ______ the plants every morning before school.
4.Let's ______ the big bedroom. It has two beds.
5.On weekends, I just ______ at home and watch movies.
四、描述性词汇（形容词）
单词 词性 释义 例句
comfortable adj. 舒适的 This sofa is really comfortable.
modern adj. 现代的 They have a modern kitchen.
traditional adj. 传统的 My grandma lives in a traditional house.
crowded adj. 拥挤的 Our city is very crowded.
peaceful adj. 安静的；和平的 The village is peaceful.
convenient adj. 便利的 My home is close to the school. It's convenient.
huge adj. 巨大的 They have a huge garden.
tiny adj. 极小的 My bedroom is tiny but nice.
巧练：用所给词的适当形式填空。
1.Our new house is very ______ (舒适的). I love it.
2.The old town is ______ (安静的) and beautiful.
3.This apartment is ______ (便利的) because it's near the subway.
4.The kitchen is too ______ (拥挤的) for two people to cook.
第二部分 核心短语精讲
一、描述居住环境类短语
短语 释义 例句
live in / on / at 住在... I live in a big city. / He lives on the second floor.
move to 搬到... We are going to move to a new house.
in the center of 在...中心 The park is in the center of the city.
far from 离...远 My school is far from my home.
close to / near 离...近 The supermarket is close to my house.
next to 在...旁边 The bathroom is next to the bedroom.
across from 在...对面 There is a bank across from my home.
in front of 在...前面 There is a tree in front of our house.
between...and... 在...和...之间 The desk is between the bed and the window.
巧练：用适当的介词填空。
1.My home is ______ the third floor.
2.he bookstore is ______ the post office and the bank.
3.There is a garden ______ ______ ______ our house.
4.The school is not far ______ my home. I can walk.
5.We live ______ a small town ______ the south of China.
二、家庭活动类短语
短语 释义 例句
do housework 做家务 I often help my parents do housework.
do the dishes 洗碗 She does the dishes after dinner.
do the laundry 洗衣服 My mother does the laundry on weekends.
make the bed 整理床铺 I make my bed every morning.
sweep the floor 扫地 Please sweep the floor. It's dirty.
take out the rubbish 倒垃圾 My brother takes out the rubbish.
set the table 摆餐具 Can you set the table for dinner
巧练：完成句子。
1.我每天早晨整理床铺。
I ______ ______ ______ every morning.
2.他晚饭后洗碗。
He ______ ______ ______ after dinner.
3.我们周末一起打扫房间。
We ______ ______ the room together on weekends.
4.你能帮我倒垃圾吗？
Can you help me ______ ______ ______ ______
三、表达家庭感受类短语
短语 释义 例句
feel at home 感到自在/宾至如归 I feel at home in this cozy room.
have a sense of belonging 有归属感 This community gives me a sense of belonging.
be proud of 以...为傲 I am proud of my family.
get along with 与...相处 I get along well with my sister.
care about 关心 My parents care about me a lot.
be close to 亲近 I am very close to my grandmother.
巧练：从方框中选择合适的短语填空。
feel at home, get along with, care about, be proud of
1.I ______ my parents because they work so hard.
2.She ______ well ______ her classmates.
3.My teachers ______ my study and my life.
4.The warm welcome makes me ______ ______ ______.
第三部分 核心句型精讲
一、询问与描述住所
—Where do you live —I live in an apartment near the park.
—What's your home like —It's small but cozy.
—How many rooms are there in your house —There are five rooms.
—Is there a garden in your house —Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
—What do you have in your bedroom —I have a bed, a desk, and a bookshelf.
二、描述日常家庭活动
—What do you usually do at home —I usually do my homework and watch TV.
—How often do you do housework —I do housework every day.
—Who does the cooking in your family —My mom does.
—Do you share the housework —Yes, we share it equally.
三、表达对家的感受
Home is the warmest place in the world.
There is no place like home.
East, west, home is the best.
My home is full of love and laughter.
I feel safe and comfortable at home.
巧练：按要求完成句子。
1.I live in a big house with a garden.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ you ______
2.There are four rooms in my home.（对划线部分提问）
______ ______ ______ ______ there in your home
3.我家离学校很近。（翻译成英语）
My home ______ ______ ______ school.
4.我每周六帮忙做家务。（翻译成英语）
I ______ ______ ______ every Saturday.
第四部分 语法重点精讲
一、方位介词（Prepositions of Place）
介词 含义 例句
in 在...里面 The book is in the drawer.
on 在...上面（接触） The cat is on the sofa.
under 在...下面 The ball is under the bed.
behind 在...后面 The garage is behind the house.
in front of 在...前面（外部） There is a tree in front of the house.
in the front of 在...前部（内部） The teacher sits in the front of the classroom.
next to / beside 在...旁边 The lamp is next to the bed.
between 在...之间（两者） The desk is between the window and the door.
among 在...之间（三者以上） She is sitting among her friends.
opposite / across from 在...对面 The bank is opposite the school.
巧练：用适当的介词填空。
1.There is a clock ______ the wall.
2.The cat is hiding ______ the sofa.
3.My school is ______ the bank and the hospital.
4.The post office is ______ the street from my house.
5.I live ______ the third floor.
二、There be 句型
肯定句结构：There is/are + 名词 + 地点状语.
There is a book on the desk.
There are three bedrooms in my house.
否定句结构：There is/are + not + 名词 + 地点状语.
There isn't any milk in the fridge.
There aren't any pictures on the wall.
一般疑问句结构：Is/Are + there + 名词 + 地点状语？
Is there a garden in your house —Yes, there is. / No, there isn't.
Are there any flowers in the garden —Yes, there are. / No, there aren't.
要点提醒：
There be 遵循“就近原则”——be动词与最近的名词在数上一致。
There is a book and three pens on the desk.
There are three pens and a book on the desk.
some 用于肯定句，any 用于否定句和疑问句。
There be 与 have/has 的区别：There be 表示“存在”（某地有某物），have/has 表示“拥有”（某人有某物）
比较：There is a TV in the room. (房间里有一台电视。)
I have a TV in my room. (我的房间里有一台电视。)
易错点：
There have a garden in my house.
There is a garden in my house.
巧练：用 There be 句型的适当形式填空。
1.______ a big tree in front of our house.
2.______ any students in the classroom now.
3.______ a sofa and two chairs in the living room.
4.______ many books on the shelf
5.______ some milk and eggs in the fridge.
频率副词（Adverbs of Frequency）
频率副词 含义 使用频率
always 总是 100%
usually 通常 约90%
often 经常 约70%
sometimes 有时 约50%
seldom / hardly ever 很少 约20%
never 从不 0%
位置规则：
放在实义动词之前：I always do housework on weekends.
放在be动词/助动词/情态动词之后：She is always happy at home.
巧练：用所给频度副词的适当形式填空。
1.My mother ______ (always / sometimes) cooks breakfast for us. She never misses it.
2.I ______ (never / usually) do the dishes because my sister does it.
3.He is ______ (seldom / often) late for dinner. He always comes home on time.
4.We ______ (sometimes / always) eat out on Friday nights.
第五部分 语篇重点精讲
一、本单元常见语篇类型
语篇类型 典型例子 主要时态 结构特点
房屋介绍 My dream home、My house 一般现在时 按空间顺序（outside → inside → rooms）描述，可用there be句型
家庭生活记叙文 My family life、A day at home 一般现在时/一般过去时 按时间顺序介绍日常活动或特殊事件
书信/邮件 给朋友介绍新家 一般现在时 + 现在进行时 开头问候 → 描述新家 → 谈感受 → 发出邀请
对比说明文 城市生活 vs 乡村生活 一般现在时 分点列举优缺点，进行对比分析
二、语篇结构模板（以“房屋介绍”为例）
1. 开头（Introduction）： 总体介绍房子的位置和类型
My home is in a quiet neighborhood in the south of the city. It's a two-bedroom apartment.
2. 主体（Body）： 按空间顺序描述各个房间，重点介绍1-2个房间
Our living room is the largest room. There is a big sofa, a coffee table, and a TV. ... My bedroom is my favorite place. It's small but cozy. I have a bed, a desk, and a bookshelf in it.
3. 结尾（Conclusion）： 表达对家的感受
I love my home because it's full of warmth and happiness.
三、语篇衔接与连贯手段
空间顺序词（描述方位）： on the left/right, next to, across from, in the corner, at the back, on the second floor
时间顺序词（描述日常活动）： first, then, after that, later, finally, in the morning, at noon, in the evening
并列/递进： and, also, besides, what's more, too
转折关系： but, however, although
因果关系： because, so, as a result
总结归纳： in a word, all in all, above all
四、时态在家庭话题中的选择原则
描述客观事实或常态 → 一般现在时（My home has three rooms. I often do homework in my bedroom.）
描述过去的家庭活动或搬家经历 → 一般过去时（We moved to this house in 2020.）
描述未来的家庭计划 → 一般将来时 / be going to（We are going to decorate the house next month.）
语篇巧练
练习1：语篇排序（理顺逻辑顺序）
将下列句子按合理顺序排列，组成一篇连贯的房屋介绍（只写字母序号）。
A. I love it because it's very cozy and warm.
B. Next to the kitchen is a small dining room.
C. There is also a large garden behind the house.
D. My home is a traditional Chinese house.
E. When you walk in, you can see the living room first.
F. Behind the living room is the kitchen.
正确顺序：______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______ → ______
练习2：选词填空（方位词运用）
阅读下面语篇，从方框中选择合适的方位介词填入空白处（每词限用一次）。
in, on, next to, behind, between, in front of, opposite, under
My home is a beautiful apartment. It's ______ (1) the fifth floor. When you enter the door, you can see the living room ______ (2) the left. The kitchen is ______ (3) the living room. There is a small dining table ______ (4) the kitchen. The bathroom is ______ (5) the kitchen and my bedroom. My bedroom is ______ (6) my parents' room. There is a desk ______ (7) the window and a bookshelf ______ (8) the window. I often sit ______ (9) my desk to do my homework. I enjoy spending time in my room.
练习3：补全句子（语篇完整度训练）
读下面短文，从方框中选择合适的句子填入空白处（有两个多余选项）。
A. There is a big garden where my mom grows vegetables.
B. I love the quietness of the countryside.
C. We have dinner together every evening.
D. We moved to this house two years ago.
E. There are a lot of shops and restaurants nearby.
F. My bedroom is on the second floor.
G. The kitchen is my mom's favorite place.
My home is in a small village. ______ (1) It's an old house but we have made it modern and comfortable. ______ (2) She spends a lot of time there cooking delicious meals. ______ (3) The garden is beautiful in spring and summer. ______ (4) You can see the whole village from the window. ______ (5) Life here is different from the city, but I really enjoy it.
第六部分 综合能力提升
一、补全对话
对话一：谈论新家
A: Hi, Mike! I heard you moved to a new house. 1. ______
B: It's great! It's much bigger than our old one.
A: 2. ______
B: It's in the north of the city, near the park.
A: 3. ______
B: There are four rooms: a living room, a kitchen, and two bedrooms.
A: 4. ______
B: Yes, there is a small garden behind the house. We grow flowers there.
A: 5. ______
B: I like my new bedroom best. It's big and bright.
对话二：谈论家务分工
A: Do you do housework at home, Linda
B: Yes, I do. I help my parents with the housework every weekend.
A: 1. ______
B: I usually clean my bedroom and do the dishes.
A: 2. ______
B: My sister sweeps the floor and takes out the rubbish.
A: 3. ______
B: My mother does the cooking and my father does the laundry.
A: 4. ______
B: Yes, I enjoy helping. It makes me feel I am part of the family.
A: 5. ______
B: I think everyone in the family should share the housework.
二、语法填空
题型说明： 阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Passage 1（家庭环境描述类）
My home is in a beautiful neighborhood. There ______ (1) (be) a small park near my home. I ______ (2) (go) there for a walk every evening. Our house ______ (3) (be) not big, but it's very cozy. It ______ (4) (have) two floors. ______ (5) the first floor, there is a living room, a kitchen, and a dining room. My favorite room ______ (6) (be) my bedroom on the second floor. It's small ______ (7) comfortable. I have a desk ______ (8) (介词) the window, and I can see the park from there. On the wall, there ______ (9) (be) some photos of my family. I ______ (10) (love) my home very much.
Passage 2（家庭活动叙述类）
Last Sunday, my family ______ (1) (stay) at home together. In the morning, my father ______ (2) (read) newspapers while my mother ______ (3) (cook) breakfast. I ______ (4) (help) set the table. After breakfast, we ______ (5) (decide) to clean the house. My sister ______ (6) (sweep) the floor. I ______ (7) (clean) the windows. My parents ______ (8) (tidy) up the living room. We ______ (9) (work) hard and finished in two hours. In the afternoon, we ______ (10) (relax) and watched a movie together. It was a great day.
三、书面表达
题型一：记叙文——介绍你的家
题目：假设你是李华，你的英国朋友Jim想了解你的家。请你写一篇短文介绍你的家，内容包括：
1.家的位置和外观（大小、楼层等）；
2.各个房间的布局和功能（至少介绍三个房间）；
3.你最喜欢的房间及原因；
4.你对家的感受。
要求：词数80左右，可适当发挥。
写作框架：
段落 内容要点 可用句型
开头段 总体介绍家的位置、类型和外观 My home is in... / It's a ... house / There are...
主体段 介绍各个房间（按空间顺序） On the first floor, there is... / Next to it is... / My bedroom is...
结尾段 表达最喜欢的房间和感受 My favorite room is... because... / I love my home because...
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
题型二：应用文——英文海报
题目：你们学校将举办“最美家庭”（Beautiful Home）摄影展。请你根据以下提示，为此次活动写一份英文海报。
活动目的：展示温馨的家庭生活
活动时间：11月15日至11月20日
活动地点：学校展览厅（school exhibition hall）
作品要求：家庭生活照片，附简短说明
提交截止日期：11月10日
联系人：李老师（Mr. Li）
要求：词数60左右，格式正确，语言简洁。
写作框架：
部分 内容
标题 Beautiful Home Photo Exhibition
正文 ①活动目的（In order to...）
②时间、地点（Time: ... Place: ...）
③作品要求（Please bring...）
④截止日期和联系人（Deadline: ... Contact: ...）
结尾 Looking forward to your participation!
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
参考答案
第一部分 核心词汇巧练答案
一、家庭场所与房间类：
1,garden 2. dining room 3. balcony 4. garage
二、家居物品与设施类：
1.shelf 2. mirror 3. curtains 4. fridge
三、家庭活动类：
1.repair 2. decorate 3. water 4. share 5. relax
四、描述性词汇：
1.comfortable 2. peaceful 3. convenient 4. crowded
第二部分 核心短语巧练答案
一、描述居住环境类：
1.on 2. between 3. in front of 4. from 5. in / in
二、家庭活动类：
1.make my bed 2. does the dishes 3. clean up / tidy up 4. take out the rubbish
三、表达家庭感受类：
1.am proud of 2. gets along 3. care about 4. feel at home
第三部分 核心句型巧练答案
1.Where do, live 2. How many rooms are 3. is close to / near 4. help do housework / help with housework
第四部分 语法巧练答案
一、方位介词：
1.on 2. under / behind 3. between 4. across from / opposite 5. on
二、There be句型：
1.There is 2. There aren't 3. There is 4. Are there 5. There is
三、频率副词：
1.always 2. never 3. seldom 4. sometimes
第五部分 语篇精讲答案
练习1：D → E → F → B → C → A（解析：D总起 → E进门首先看到 → F客厅后面 → B厨房旁边 → C还有花园 → A总结感受）
练习2：
1.on 2. on 3. next to 4. behind 5. between 6. opposite 7. under 8. above 9. in front of
练习3：
1.D 2. G 3. A 4. F 5. B
（解析：D交代搬家背景 → G引出厨房 → A引出花园 → F介绍卧室 → B表达总体感受）
第六部分 综合能力提升
补全对话：
对话一：
1.How is it / What's it like 2.Where is it 3.How many rooms are there 4.Is there a garden
5.Which room do you like best
对话二：
1.What do you usually do 2.What about your sister 3.What do your parents do
4.Do you enjoy doing housework 5.What do you think
语法填空：
Passage 1：
1.is 2. go 3. is 4. has 5. On 6. is 7. but 8. by / near 9. are 10. love
Passage 2：
stayed 2. was reading 3. was cooking 4. helped 5. decided
6. swept 7. cleaned 8. tidied 9. worked 10. relaxed
第七部分 书面表达
范文一（题型一：介绍你的家）
My Home
My home is in a quiet street in the east of the city. It's a two-story house with three bedrooms, a living room, a kitchen, and two bathrooms.
On the first floor, there is a large living room. We watch TV and chat there every evening. Behind the living room is the kitchen, where my mom cooks delicious meals. The dining room is next to the kitchen. On the second floor, there are three bedrooms. My parents' bedroom is big, and my sister's room is next to mine.
My favorite room is my bedroom. It's not big, but it's cozy. I have a desk near the window. I do my homework and read books there. There are also some posters on the wall.
I love my home because it's full of warmth and love. It's the best place in the world.
范文二（题型二：英文海报）
Beautiful Home Photo Exhibition
In order to show the warmth of family life, our school is going to hold a photo exhibition called "Beautiful Home."
Time: November 15th – November 20th
Place: School Exhibition Hall
Everyone is welcome to join! Please bring your family photos and write a short description about each photo. Your photos should show happy moments in your family.
Deadline for submitting photos: November 10th
Contact: Mr. Li (Room 201, Office Building)
Come and share your happy family moments with all of us!
书面表达评分标准
档次 分值 标准描述
一档 13-15分 内容完整，时态准确，词汇丰富，行文流畅，有个别小错但不影响理解。
二档 10-12分 内容基本完整，时态基本正确，有少量语法或拼写错误，但能达意。
三档 7-9分 内容不够完整，时态错误较多，语言表达困难，但能看出主要意思。
四档 0-6分 内容严重缺失，语言错误太多，难以理解。
21世纪教育网 www.21cnjy.com 精品试卷·第 2 页 （共 2 页）
HYPERLINK "http://21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)
" 21世纪教育网(www.21cnjy.com)

展开更多......

收起↑