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暑假基础知识练习
九年级英语（仁爱科普版）上册
Unit 1 A Changing World
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 develop v. 发展；开发 development（n. 发展）；developed（adj. 发达的）；developing（adj. 发展中的） China has developed rapidly since the reform and opening-up. 改革开放以来，中国发展迅速。
2 rapid adj. 快速的 rapidly（adv. 迅速地） Beijing has made rapid progress. 北京取得了飞速的发展。
3 progress n./v. 进步 无 We should make progress every day. 我们应当每天取得进步。
4 communicate v. 交流；沟通 communication（n. 交流；通讯） We can communicate with each other by email. 我们可以通过邮件相互沟通。
5 relative n. 亲属；亲戚 无 My relatives live in Shanghai. 我的亲戚住在上海。
6 medical adj. 医疗的 medicine（n. 药品；医学） He needs medical treatment. 他需要接受治疗。
7 satisfy v. 使满意 satisfied（adj. 感到满意的）；satisfaction（n. 满足）；satisfying（adj. 令人满意的） The government tries to satisfy people's needs. 政府尽力满足群众的需求。
8 success n. 成功 succeed（v. 成功）；successful（adj. 成功的）；successfully（adv. 成功地） She has achieved great success in her career. 她在事业上收获了巨大成功。
9 education n. 教育 educate（v. 教育）；educational（adj. 教育方面的） Everyone should receive a good education. 每个人都应接受良好的教育。
10 report n./v. 报告；报道 reporter（n. 记者） I read a report about the changes in my hometown. 我读了一篇讲述家乡变迁的报道。
11 machine n. 机器 无 This machine is very useful. 这台机器十分实用。
12 reform n./v. 改革 无 Great changes have taken place since the reform and opening-up. 改革开放以来，社会发生了翻天覆地的变化。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 take place 发生；举办 Great changes have taken place in my hometown. 我的家乡发生了巨大变化。
2 have/has been to + 地点 去过某地（现已返回） I have been to Mount Huang with my parents. 我和父母去过黄山。
3 have/has gone to + 地点 去某地了（尚未返回） She has gone to Cuba to be a volunteer. 她前往古巴做志愿者了。
4 come back from 从…… 归来 You have just come back from your hometown. 你刚从老家回来。
5 by the way 顺便说一下；顺便问一句 By the way, where is Maria 顺便问下，玛丽亚在哪？
6 succeed in doing sth 成功做成某事 Beijing has succeeded in hosting the 2008 Olympic Games. 北京成功举办了 2008 年奥运会。
7 keep in touch with 与…… 保持联系 I always keep in touch with my friends by QQ. 我常通过 QQ 和好友保持联络。
8 get in touch with 与…… 取得联系 I want to get in touch with my old classmate. 我想联系上老同学。
9 in the 1960s 在 20 世纪 60 年代 The living conditions were poor in the 1960s. 二十世纪六十年代，人们生活条件艰苦。
10 have a chance to do 有机会做某事 Few children had a chance to receive a good education in the past. 过去很少有孩子能有机会接受优质教育。
11 make rapid/great progress 取得飞速 / 巨大进步 China has made rapid progress in recent years. 近些年中国发展进步飞快。
12 what's more 此外；更重要的是 What's more, we should protect the environment. 除此之外，我们还要保护环境。
13 be crowded into 涌入；挤进 Many people were crowded into small rooms. 大量人口挤在狭小的房屋里。
14 more and more + 多音节形容词 越来越…… My hometown has become more and more beautiful. 我的家乡变得越来越美。
15 long time no see 好久不见 Hi, Maria, long time no see. 嗨，玛丽亚，好久不见。
16 provide sb with sth / provide sth for sb 为某人提供某物 The program also provides them with job training. 该项目还为他们提供职业培训。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 have/has been to + 地点 去过某地（已回） I have been to Beijing. 我去过北京。
2 have/has gone to + 地点 去了某地（未回） Tom has gone to Beijing. 汤姆去北京了。
3 Where have you been / Where has he gone 你刚才去哪了？/ 他去哪里了？ —Where have you been —I have been to Mount Huang. — 你刚才去哪了？— 我去黄山了。
4 so + 形容词 / 副词 + that… 如此…… 以至于…… There were so many people that I couldn't find a good place to take photos. 人实在太多，我找不到合适的拍照位置。
5 since + 过去时间 / 一般过去时从句 自从……（现在完成时标志） My granny has lived in Beijing since 1980. 奶奶从 1980 年起就住在北京。
6 for + 时间段 持续…… 时长（现在完成时标志） She has taught English for ten years. 她教英语已经十年了。
7 There goes the bell. 铃响了。 Listen! There goes the bell. 听，上课铃响了。
8 It is + adj. + to do sth 做某事是…… 的 It is important to remember the past, live in the present and dream about the future. 铭记过往、立足当下、畅想未来十分重要。
9 once 引导条件状语从句，主句用一般现在时 / 将来时 一旦…… 就…… Once they find people in need, they decide on suitable ways to offer them help. 一旦发现有困难的人，他们就会选择合适的方式伸出援手。
10 短暂性动词转换为延续性动词（用于 for/since） come → be；leave → be away (from)；buy → have；begin → be on；borrow → keep；join → be a member of / be in；die → be dead
Unit 2 Brilliant Thoughts
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 wooden adj. 木制的 wood（n. 木头，木材） This is a wooden desk. 这是一张木书桌。
2 invent v. 发明；创造 invention（n. 发明物）；inventor（n. 发明家） Thomas Edison invented the light bulb. 托马斯 爱迪生发明了电灯。
3 discover v. 发现（原本存在的事物） discovery（n. 发现）；discoverer（n. 发现者） Columbus discovered America in 1492. 哥伦布于 1492 年发现美洲大陆。
4 imagine v. 想象；设想 imagination（n. 想象力）；imaginative（adj. 富有想象力的） Can you imagine what the future will be like 你能想象未来的模样吗？
5 create v. 创造；创作 creation（n. 创造）；creative（adj. 有创造力的）；creator（n. 创造者） We need to create a better world. 我们要创造更美好的世界。
6 creative adj. 有创造力的 无 A creative mind is important for inventions. 创新思维对发明创造至关重要。
7 smart adj. 聪明的；智能的 无 This is a smart backpack. 这是一款智能背包。
8 temperature n. 温度；气温 无 The backpack can change its color according to the temperature. 这款背包可以随温度变换颜色。
9 reduce v. 减少；降低 reduction（n. 减少，缩减） The invention can help reduce traffic accidents. 这项发明有助于减少交通事故。
10 stay v. 保持；维持 无 This medicine can help you stay awake. 这种药能帮你保持清醒。
11 tent n. 帐篷 无 The bag can turn into a tent. 这个背包可以变身成帐篷。
12 share v. 分享；共用 无 Please share your dream invention with us. 和我们分享你设想的理想发明。
13 besides prep./adv. 除…… 之外；此外 无 Besides, it is very light and easy to carry. 除此之外，它轻便易携带。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 be made of 由…… 制成（肉眼可见原材料） The desk is made of wood. 这张桌子由木头打造。
2 be made from 由…… 制成（看不出原材料） Paper is made from wood. 纸张由木材制成。
3 be made by 由…… 制作（强调制作者） This machine is made by Chinese workers. 这台机器由中国工人制造。
4 be made in 产自……（强调产地） This phone is made in China. 这款手机是中国制造。
5 according to 根据；依照 The backpack can change its color according to the weather. 这款背包能根据天气改变颜色。
6 turn into 变成；转化为 The bag can turn into a tent or a sleeping bag. 这个背包可以变成帐篷或睡袋。
7 a set of 一套；一组 I bought a set of jeans. 我买了一套牛仔服饰。
8 in one's eyes 在某人看来 What is invention in your eyes 在你眼中，什么是发明？
9 daydream about 幻想；畅想 He often daydreams about becoming an inventor. 他常常幻想成为一名发明家。
10 share...with... 与…… 分享…… Please share your ideas with us. 请和我们分享你的想法。
11 share your dream invention with us 和我们分享你理想中的发明 Please share your dream invention with us. 和我们聊聊你设想的发明。
12 change color according to the weather 随天气变换颜色 The bag can change color according to the weather. 这个背包可以随天气变色。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 either...or... 要么…… 要么……（就近原则） Either you or he is right. 要么你是对的，要么他是对的。
2 neither...nor... 既不…… 也不……（就近原则） Neither he nor she is an inventor. 他和她都不是发明家。
3 both...and... 两者都（谓语动词用复数） Both Tom and Jack are interested in science. 汤姆和杰克都对科学感兴趣。
4 It is + adj. + to do sth 做某事是…… 的 It is important to be creative. 拥有创新思维十分重要。
5 What is invention in your eyes 在你看来，什么是发明？ What is invention in your eyes 在你心中，发明是什么？
Unit 3 A Green Earth, a Better Home
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 pollution n. 污染 pollute（v. 污染）；polluted（adj. 受污染的） The pollution here is very serious. 这里的污染问题十分严重。
2 pollute v. 污染；弄脏 无 Factories pollute the river. 工厂污染了河流。
3 polluted adj. 受污染的 无 The polluted water is harmful to our health. 受污染的水源会危害人体健康。
4 environment n. 环境 environmental（adj. 环境的）；environmentalist（n. 环保人士） We should protect the environment. 我们应当保护环境。
5 environmental adj. 环境的 无 We should pay attention to environmental protection. 我们要重视环境保护。
6 waste v./n./ adj. 浪费；废弃物；废弃的 无 Don't waste water. 不要浪费水资源。
7 avoid v. 避免；防止 无 How can we avoid a serious water shortage 我们该如何避免严重缺水问题？
8 shortage n. 短缺；不足 short（adj. 短缺的） We are still short of drinking water. 我们依旧缺少饮用水。
9 protect v. 保护 protection（n. 保护） We must protect the environment. 我们必须保护环境。
10 recycle v. 回收利用；循环使用 recyclable（adj. 可回收的） We should recycle waste paper. 我们要回收废纸。
11 save v. 节约；拯救 无 Let's save water and our planet. 让我们节约用水、守护地球。
12 harmful adj. 有害的 harm（n./v. 伤害）；harmless（adj. 无害的） Plastic bags are harmful to the environment. 塑料袋会破坏环境。
13 friendly adj. 友好的 friend（n. 朋友）；friendship（n. 友谊） We should be friendly to the environment. 我们要善待自然环境。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 air/water/noise/soil pollution 空气 / 水 / 噪音 / 土壤污染 We should reduce air pollution. 我们要减少空气污染。
2 cause pollution 造成污染 Factories cause pollution. 工厂会产生污染。
3 prevent pollution 防止污染 Everyone should help prevent pollution. 每个人都应参与防污染工作。
4 protect the environment 保护环境 It's our duty to protect the environment. 保护环境是我们每个人的责任。
5 be harmful to 对…… 有害 Smoking is harmful to our health. 吸烟有害身体健康。
6 be friendly to 善待；对…… 友好 We should be friendly to the environment. 我们应当善待自然。
7 be short of 缺乏；短缺 We are still short of drinking water. 我们仍面临饮用水短缺问题。
8 be covered with 被…… 覆盖 Nearly three quarters of the earth is covered with water. 地球近四分之三的区域被水覆盖。
9 plenty of 大量；充足 There is plenty of water in the sea. 海洋中蕴藏着丰富水资源。
10 day by day 日复一日；逐渐 People's need for water is increasing day by day. 人类对水资源的需求与日俱增。
11 here and there 到处；各处 Don't leave rubbish here and there. 不要随地乱扔垃圾。
12 in public 在公共场合 Don't spit anywhere in public. 不要在公共场所随地吐痰。
13 care for 爱护；关心；照料 Everyone should care for wild animals. 每个人都应当爱护野生动物。
14 cut down 砍伐；砍倒 The farmers cut down the trees. 农民砍伐了树木。
15 try one's best 尽某人最大努力 Let's try our best to save water. 让我们尽全力节约用水。
16 divide...into... 把…… 分成…… We divide the waste into different groups. 我们将垃圾分类投放。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 It is + adj. + to do sth 做某事是…… 的 It is important to protect the environment. 保护环境十分重要。
2 None of + 复数名词 / 代词 + 单数谓语 …… 中没有一个 None of us likes pollution. 我们所有人都厌恶污染。
3 While 引导让步状语从句，表 “虽然” While nearly 3/4 of the earth is covered with water, we are still short of drinking water. 虽然地球大部分被水覆盖，但我们依旧缺水。
4 How can we... 我们该如何……？ How can we avoid a serious water shortage 我们怎样才能避免严重缺水？
5 How can you be a green person 如何成为环保人士？ How can you be a green person 怎样才能做一名环保公民？
6 Let's do sth! 让我们一起做某事！ Let's try our best to save water and our planet. 让我们尽全力节约用水、守护地球。
7 Don't + 动词原形 禁止 / 不要做某事 Don't spit anywhere in public. 不要在公共场所随地吐痰。
8 一般将来时被动语态：will be + 过去分词 The environment will be protected if we take action now. 如果我们立刻行动，环境将会得到保护。
9 It is possible (for sb) to do sth （对某人而言）做某事是可行的 It is possible for you to have trouble communicating. 你在与人沟通时可能会遇到困难。
10 have trouble/difficulty (in) doing sth 做某事有困难 Do you have trouble communicating 你沟通存在障碍吗？
11 wish sb sth /wish sb to do sth 祝愿某人……/ 希望某人做某事 I wish you success! 祝你一切顺利！
Unit 4 A Colorful World of Words
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 official adj. 官方的；正式的 office（n. 办公室）；officer（n. 官员）；officially（adv. 正式地） English is one of the official languages of the UN. 英语是联合国官方语言之一。
2 brain n. 大脑；头脑 无 Learning a foreign language is an excellent training of the brain. 学习外语能很好地锻炼大脑。
3 either adv./det./pron. 也（否定句）；（两者中）任意一个 无 He can't speak French, and I can't either. 他不会法语，我也不会。
4 expression n. 表情；表达；短语 express（v. 表达）；expressive（adj. 富有表现力的） Her expression changed when she heard the news. 听到消息后，她的神情变了。
5 imitate v. 模仿；效仿 imitation（n. 模仿）；imitative（adj. 模仿的） Children often imitate their parents' behavior. 孩子常会模仿父母的言行。
6 comprehend v. 理解；领会 comprehension（n. 理解力）；comprehensive（adj. 全面的） I couldn't comprehend what he was saying. 我听不懂他在说什么。
7 native adj. 本土的；本国的 无 She is a native speaker of English. 她是以英语为母语的人。
8 widely adv. 广泛地；普遍地 wide（adj. 宽阔的）；widen（v. 拓宽） English is widely used around the world. 英语在全球范围内被广泛使用。
9 influence v./n. 影响 influential（adj. 有影响力的） His teaching method has influenced many people. 他的教学方法影响了很多人。
10 pronounce v. 发音；读（音） pronunciation（n. 发音） How do you pronounce this word 这个单词怎么读？
11 challenging adj. 有挑战性的 challenge（n./v. 挑战）；challenger（n. 挑战者） Learning Chinese is challenging but fun. 学习汉语虽有难度，但十分有趣。
12 tourism n. 旅游业 tour（n./v. 旅行）；tourist（n. 游客） Tourism is very important to this city. 旅游业对这座城市至关重要。
13 consider v. 考虑；认为 consideration（n. 考虑）；considered（adj. 经过深思熟虑的） Dogs are considered honest and good friends of humans in western cultures. 在西方文化里，狗被视作人类忠诚的挚友。
14 spread v. 传播；扩散（过去式、过去分词同形） 无 It began in England but spread as the British people left their country. 它起源于英国，随着英国人迁居海外而传播至各地。
15 compare v. 比较；比作 comparison（n. 对比） We often compare roses to love. 我们常把玫瑰比作爱情。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 be filled with 充满；装满 The room was filled with laughter. 房间里满是欢声笑语。
2 be named after 以…… 命名 The airport is named after Sun Yat-sen. 这座机场以孙中山先生命名。
3 one by one 逐一；一个接一个 The students answered the questions one by one. 学生们依次回答问题。
4 walk sb through sth 带某人一步步了解某事 Let me walk you through the process. 我带你一步步熟悉流程。
5 last but not least 最后但同样重要的一点 Last but not least, I'd like to thank all my classmates. 最后，我还要感谢全班同学。
6 long for / long to do 渴望；期盼 She longs to see her family again. 她十分盼望与家人重逢。
7 be thankful to 感激某人；感谢某人 I am thankful to my teacher for her help. 我十分感谢老师给予我的帮助。
8 across the world 全世界；全球各地 Chinese culture is spread across the world. 中华文化传播至世界各地。
9 be considered as / be regarded as 被视作；被认为是 He is considered as one of the greatest scientists. / Dragons are regarded as strong and mysterious creatures in ancient China. 他被公认为最伟大的科学家之一。/ 在古代中国，龙象征着强大与神秘。
10 facial expression 面部表情 Her facial expression showed she was happy. 她的神情流露着喜悦。
11 native language 母语 Chinese is my native language. 汉语是我的母语。
12 have an influence on 对…… 产生影响 The book had an influence on me. 这本书对我影响很深。
13 reading comprehension 阅读理解 We have a reading comprehension test tomorrow. 明天我们有阅读理解测试。
14 stand for 代表；象征 The rose also stands for peace, courage and friendship. 玫瑰也象征和平、勇气与友谊。
15 compare A to B 把 A 比作 B Ancient emperors compared themselves to dragons. 古代帝王将自己比作龙。
16 compare A with B 将 A 与 B 对比（区分差异） People always compare this shop with that one. 人们总爱对比这两家店铺。
17 pay attention to (doing) sth 留意；注意（做）某事 We should pay attention to the cultural meanings of words. 我们要留意词汇背后的文化内涵。
18 at times 有时；偶尔 Everyone makes mistakes at times. 每个人偶尔都会犯错。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 either...or... 要么…… 要么……（就近原则） Either you or he is right. 要么你是对的，要么他是对的。
2 It is + adj. + to do sth 做某事是…… 的 It is challenging to learn a new language. 学习一门新语言颇具挑战性。
3 被动语态（将来时 / 情态动词） More trees will be planted next year. / The homework must be finished today. 明年会栽种更多树木。/ 作业必须今日完成。
4 宾语从句时态规则（客观真理永用一般现在时） The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun. 老师告诉我们，地球围绕太阳公转。
5 It is + adj. + to tell whether… 辨别是否…… 是…… 的 It is possible to tell whether a person is American or British by listening to his or her speech. 听口音就能分辨出对方是美国人还是英国人。
Unit 5 A Path Toward a Better World
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 achieve v. 实现；达成；取得 achievement（n. 成就，成绩）；achievable（adj. 可实现的） He achieved his goal of becoming a scientist. 他实现了当科学家的梦想。
2 compete v. 竞争；比拼 competition（n. 比赛，竞赛）；competitor（n. 竞争者）；competitive（adj. 有竞争力的） They competed with each other for the prize. 他们为奖项相互竞争。
3 launch v. 发射；推出 无 China launched a new satellite yesterday. 中国昨日发射了一颗新卫星。
4 virtual adj. 虚拟的；线上的 无 We can take a virtual tour of the museum online. 我们可以在线参观博物馆。
5 charge v. 充电；收费 无 I need to charge my phone. 我要给手机充电。
6 electric adj. 电动的；用电的 electricity（n. 电）；electrical（adj. 与电气相关的）；electronic（adj. 电子的） This is an electric car. 这是一辆电动汽车。
7 decision n. 决定；抉择 decide（v. 决定）；decisive（adj. 果断的） It's a difficult decision to make. 这是一个艰难的抉择。
8 exactly adv. 恰好；确切地 exact（adj. 准确的） That's exactly what I mean. 这正是我想表达的意思。
9 attract v. 吸引；引起…… 注意 attraction（n. 吸引力；景点）；attractive（adj. 吸引人的） China attracts millions of tourists every year. 中国每年吸引数百万游客前来观光。
10 complete v. 完成；竣工 completion（n. 完成） It took 100,000 people over 20 years to complete it. 十万人耗时二十余年才将它建成。
11 mystery n. 谜团；神秘事物 mysterious（adj. 神秘的） To this day, it is still a mystery. 直到今天，这依旧是个未解之谜。
12 height n. 高度；身高 无 The waterfall has a height of nearly 78 meters. 这座瀑布落差近 78 米。
13 proud adj. 自豪的；骄傲的 pride（n. 自豪，骄傲） We are proud of our country. 我们为祖国感到自豪。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 put...into use 将…… 投入使用 BDS-1 was put into use in 2003. 北斗一号于 2003 年投入使用。
2 come into use 开始投入使用 The new airport will come into use next year. 这座新机场明年正式启用。
3 the other day 前几天；几日之前 I saw Li Xiang the other day. 我前几天见到李想了。
4 be proud of / take pride in 为…… 感到自豪 We are proud of our country's achievements. 我们为国家取得的成就倍感骄傲。
5 aim to do sth 旨在；目的是做某事 The project aims to improve people's lives. 这个项目旨在改善民生。
6 find one's way 找到路；找准方向 GPS helps us find our way. 全球定位系统能帮我们辨别方向。
7 step up 加快；加大（力度） We need to step up our efforts. 我们要加倍努力。
8 can't wait to do 迫不及待做某事 I can't wait to see you! 我迫不及待想见到你！
9 make a difference 带来改变；产生重大影响 Technology has made a big difference in our lives. 科技极大地改变了我们的生活。
10 achieve one's goal 实现目标 She finally achieved her goal. 她终于达成了自己的目标。
11 a sense of achievement 成就感 Finishing the work gave me a sense of achievement. 完成这项工作让我充满成就感。
12 places of interest 名胜古迹 China has many places of interest. 中国拥有众多名胜古迹。
13 be worth doing 值得做某事 It is a place which is worth visiting. 这是一处值得游览的地方。
14 a great number of 大量；许多 There are a great number of rivers in China. 中国河流众多。
15 as much as 多达；和…… 一样多 The biggest stone weighs as much as 15 tons. 最大的石块重达 15 吨。
16 a symbol of …… 的象征 The Great Wall is a symbol of China. 长城是中国的象征。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 that/which/who 引导定语从句（指物用 that/which，指人用 who） China is a great country that/which has many places of interest. 中国是一个拥有众多名胜古迹的伟大国度。
2 定语从句只能用 that 的特殊情况 This is the best hotel that I know. 这是我所知条件最好的酒店。
3 介词提前的定语从句 This is the book for which I am looking. 这就是我正在找的那本书。
4 It is...that... 强调句型 It is the world's largest radio telescope that scientists use to watch the sky. 正是这台全球最大射电望远镜，供科学家观测星空。
5 现在分词作伴随状语 Experienced engineers worked with younger ones, passing on successful experience and solving problems. 资深工程师与青年工程师协作，分享经验、解决难题。
6 It takes/took sb + 时长 + to do sth 花费某人多久做某事 It took 100,000 people over 20 years to complete it. 十万人花了二十多年才建成它。
7 not only...but also... 不仅…… 而且……（就近原则） Not only Tom but also I have a car. 不仅汤姆有车，我也有。
Unit 6 A Rising Self
一、重点单词（含词族拓展）
序号 单词 词性 释义 词族拓展 例句
1 admire v. 钦佩；仰慕 admiration（n. 钦佩）；admirable（adj. 令人敬佩的） I admire him for his courage. 我敬佩他的勇气。
2 failure n. 失败；失利 fail（v. 失败） Failure is the mother of success. 失败是成功之母。
3 doubt v./n. 怀疑；疑问 doubtful（adj. 心存疑虑的） There is no doubt that you did a good job. 毫无疑问，你做得十分出色。
4 observe v. 观察；留意 observation（n. 观察）；observer（n. 观察者） She observed the changes carefully. 她仔细观察着这些变化。
5 prefer v. 更喜欢；偏爱 preference（n. 偏好） I prefer reading to watching TV. 比起看电视，我更爱阅读。
6 would rather v. 宁愿；宁可 无 I would rather watch sports shows than those ones. 比起其他节目，我更愿意看体育赛事。
7 decision n. 决定；抉择 decide（v. 决定）；decisive（adj. 果断的） It's a difficult decision to make. 这是一个难以做出的决定。
8 exactly adv. 恰好；确切地 exact（adj. 准确的） That's exactly what I mean. 这正是我想表达的意思。
9 entertainment n. 娱乐；消遣 entertain（v. 款待；使快乐）；entertaining（adj. 有趣的） Reading is a good form of entertainment. 阅读是很好的消遣方式。
10 friendship n. 友谊；友情 friend（n. 朋友）；friendly（adj. 友好的） True friendship is valuable. 真挚的友谊弥足珍贵。
二、重点短语
序号 短语 释义 例句
1 admire sb for sth 因某事敬佩某人 I admire him for his courage. 我敬佩他的勇气。
2 learn from failure 从失败中吸取教训 We should learn from failure. 我们应当从失败中学习。
3 end in failure 以失败告终 His first attempt ended in failure. 他的第一次尝试失败了。
4 There is no doubt that... 毫无疑问…… There is no doubt that you will succeed. 毫无疑问，你一定会成功。
5 I doubt whether/if... 我不确定是否…… I doubt whether she will come. 我不确定她是否会来。
6 prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B，更偏爱做 A I prefer reading to watching TV. 比起看电视，我更喜欢读书。
7 would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A，也不愿做 B I would rather watch sports shows than watch those ones. 我宁愿看体育节目，也不看其他节目。
8 in one's spare/free time 在某人空闲时间 I like reading in my spare time. 闲暇时我喜欢读书。
9 with the help of 在…… 的帮助下 With the help of my teacher, I made great progress. 在老师的帮助下，我取得了很大进步。
10 be interested in 对…… 感兴趣 I am interested in science fiction movies. 我对科幻电影很感兴趣。
11 based on 以…… 为基础；基于 The movie is based on a true story. 这部电影改编自真实故事。
12 put on 上演；举办 They will put on a new play. 他们即将上演一部新话剧。
13 make sb laugh 使某人发笑 The comedy makes us laugh. 这部喜剧逗得我们开怀大笑。
14 in surprise 惊讶地 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃惊地看着我。
15 encourage sb to do sth 鼓励某人做某事 My teacher encourages me to work harder. 老师鼓励我更加努力学习。
16 discourage sb from doing sth 劝阻某人不要做某事 Don't discourage him from trying. 不要阻拦他去尝试。
三、核心句型
序号 句型结构 例句
1 would rather do A than do B 宁愿做 A 也不愿做 B I would rather watch sports shows than watch those ones. 我宁愿看体育节目，也不看其他节目。
2 There is no doubt that… 毫无疑问…… There is no doubt that you did a good job. 毫无疑问，你做得很好。
3 I doubt whether/if… 我不确定是否…… I doubt whether she will arrive in time. 我不确定她能否准时抵达。
4 prefer doing A to doing B 比起做 B 更喜欢做 A I prefer reading to watching TV. 比起看电视，我更爱阅读。
5 It's + adj. + to do sth 做某事是…… 的 It's difficult to make a decision. 做出抉择并非易事。

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