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北京中国人民大学附属中学
2025-2026学年度第二学期高一年级期末练习英语试题
一、完形填空
Stephen was on campus to register when I first met him.
One summer day when I was headed over to the administration building, I heard someone call my name. I turned around and saw Philip, one of my colleagues with another young man. As Philip introduced me to the young man, named Stephen, he reminded him that he would be taking one of my classes, Introduction to Literature. With a somewhat pained expression, Stephen asked if my class was going to be “hard”. Would he be able to pass I sensed he was ___1___ about failing before the opening day of classes. We talked about what the class would ___2___ and I saw Stephen’s eyes getting big with fear.
Then I remembered a bit of a classical dialogue:
Question: “How do you eat an elephant ”
Answer: “One bite at a time.”
I told him to ___3___ his work that way: to do his assignments, all of them, and to get them in on time. I added that most ___4___ students I knew made a timetable of all the assignments so they could ___5___ their workload.
As time went on, I learned more of Stephen’s story. He had ___6___ in middle school. It had taken him longer to finish than most young people. Family members, including his mother, kept reminding him that he was a failure. Now, in the face of their negative-saying he had been admitted into college. He told me that before coming to our campus no one had believed he had much ___7___.
Stephen didn’t become an “A” student. He didn’t make any honor rolls. Still, he managed to pass most of his courses by being in class every day, turning in all of his assignments on time and breaking down his studying into ___8___ digestible parts. By passing course after course, he began to gain a measure of self-respect. He was a great singer and he was on the school’s cross-country team.
Every time I saw him on campus, he would brighten up and say, “One bite at a time”. Whenever he introduced me to his friends, he would tell them that he was ___9___ when he was supposed to be failing. His ___10___, he said, was that he was practicing what I taught him before classes ever started: “Take it one bite at a time.”
1. A．optimistic B．sure C．anxious D．desperate
2. A．cover B．review C．repeat D．explain
3. A．accept B．approach C．admire D．acquire
4. A．energetic B．popular C．diligent D．successful
5. A．balance B．plan C．polish D．track
6. A．improved B．struggled C．changed D．complained
7. A．potential B．honor C．ambition D．confidence
8. A．full-sized B．over-sized C．bite-sized D．medium-sized
9. A．practicing B．suffering C．learning D．succeeding
10. A．gift B．secret C．spirit D．goal
二、语法填空
Passage 1
A person with a photographic memory could remember every detail of a picture, a book or an event many years later, but no one ___11___ (prove) that there are people who really have photographic memories. Yet, there are some people who do have amazing memories. For example, Daniel Tammet can remember the first 22,514 ___12___ (digit) of pi and Stephen Wiltshire can draw a detailed picture of a city from memory after flying over it in a helicopter. They are both good at remembering particular things for a ___13___ (limit) time.
Passage 2
My plan focuses on combining traditional sports with entertaining elements to make exercise more ___14___ (enjoy). I’m thinking of organizing a “three-legged race relay” ___15___ teams must work together while completing small challenges at each station, like interesting riddles and puzzles. Besides, a dance marathon may also serve the purpose, in which participants move ___16___ music and complete different routines.
Passage 3
Albert Einstein was born in Germany in 1879. He was a quiet child and spent much of his time alone. He was slow to talk and had difficulty ___17___ (learn) to read. When Albert was five years old, his father gave him a compass. The child was filled with wonder when he discovered that the compass needle always ___18___ (point) in the same direction — to the north. He asked his father ___19___ caused the needle to move, but the answers about magnetism and gravity were difficult for the boy ___20___ (understand). Yet he spent a lot of time thinking about them. He said later that he felt something hidden had to be behind things.
三、单词拼写
21. Beijing perfectly combines ancient c________ (魅力) and modern v________ (活力).
22. I’m w________ (写信) to seek your v________ (宝贵的) suggestions.
23. My idea is to make these postcards not just d________ (装饰的) items, but tangible carriers of the school’s 100-year l________ (遗产、精神).
24. Yuan Longping d________(奉献) his whole life to developing high-yield hybrid rice, which has greatly increased grain production, not only feeding China’s large population but also helping to a________(解决) global food security issues.
四、选词填空
Group 1
A. vanish B. relief C. mutual D. compensate E. torture F. opponent
Competing against a tough ___25___ brings ___26___ challenges. Fear of failure used to ___27___ me badly. But as soon as the game was over, all my worries seemed to ___28___. I breathed a sigh of ___29___, because I had tried my best.
Group 2
A. arise B. fabric C. rival D. drip E. loose F. disguise
Water began to ___30___ from the old roof. My ___31___ stood nearby in a clever ___32___, with a piece of worn ___33___ around his body. Part of the cloth turned ___34___ soon, and he worried that his secret would be found out at any time.
五、阅读理解
A
Summer Camps
Camp Bon Coeur Inc.
Lafayette, L.A. 70505
Phone: (337)233-8437
A summer camping experience is something that all children should enjoy. But what summer camp can children with heart disease go to Is there a place where they can enjoy a summer camp experience It is called Camp Bon Coeur or Camp Good Heart!
In 1985, Camp Bon Coeur was created by Lafayette General Medical Center, one of the leading medical centers in this area to give children with congenital heart defect a traditional summer camp experience. Camp Bon Coeur offers a two-week summer program that gives these campers the opportunity to meet other kids from across the country that also suffer from heart disease. Our campers range in age from 7 to 16 years old.
Tulane University Ripples Camp
New Orleans, L.A. 70118
Phone: (504)865-5431
The Ripples experience for this season will be the best children’s program ever brought to this area. Last summer was full of amazing life changing experiences for the hundreds of campers, their parents and staff involved during our 9-week program. We are very proud and honored to be part of your children’s life.
Ripples provides children with a “World of Good!” through a varied and well-planned schedule of daily activities. In addition to traditional sports, cooking, field trips, cycling, horse riding, rock-climbing, drama and arts are all part of our daily activities. This program is for campers aged from 12 to 14.
Kidcam Summer Camp
Kenner, L.A. 70062
Phone: (504)472-5437
For over 35 years, Kidcam has been known as the leading provider of summer fun for campers aged from 3 to 13. Kidcam aims to help campers build positive values and characteristics including respect for others, sharing, cooperation, motivation and encouragement.
Kidcam’s mission is to promote children’s social experience in a safe, fun-filled camp environment. With several locations to choose from, including area schools, parks, playgrounds and country clubs, every year over 5,000 campers have the summer memories they will carry through a lifetime. The organizer of Kidcam also created Girls’ Summer Camp, which helps teenage girls build confidence and adventurous spirits.
35. What can we infer about Camp Bon Coeur Inc
A．It mainly serves healthy kids aged from 7 to 16.
B．It was set up to help kids with heart problems.
C．Its camp activities last for more than one month.
D．Campers there only come from the local city.
36. Children taking part in Ripples Camp will _________.
A．have the chance to try cooking
B．stay in the camp for two weeks
C．meet kids from across the world
D．have different camp places to choose from
37. What is the main purpose of Kidcam Summer Camp
A．To train kids to win different sports competitions.
B．To help kids develop good personal qualities and social skills.
C．To provide professional medical care for young children.
D．To organize long-distance field trips across the country.
B
On a cool autumn evening, while wandering through the streets of the old town, my attention was captured by a charming bookstore located between towering buildings. The warm light through its windows drew me closer, and without realizing it, I stood at its entrance, peering through the glass.
Gently brushing away the fallen leaves from the window frame, I took a closer look inside. Rows of shelves filled with books of various sizes and colors stretched across the small and friendly interior, each volume whispering tales of adventure and wisdom. As my eyes moved over the titles, a wave of fond memories washed over me, transporting me back to my childhood.
Growing up, my world was dominated by sports and outdoor activities, often at my father’s insistence. He would say, “You need to play football, Alex. It builds character.” Yet deep down, I always felt out of place on the football field, my mind wandering to distant lands and heroic tales.
Every Sunday, after an exhausting football match, I would secretly go to my room and lose myself in books. The characters became my friends, and their journeys provided my escape. I still vividly recall the overwhelming joy I experienced when I first read about the adventures of a young wizard. His bravery and determination deeply touched me.
One day, our school librarian noticed my passion for reading and suggested I join the book club. Hesitant and unsure of my father’s reaction, I took the club flyer (宣传单) home, my heart racing with a mix of fear and hope. To my surprise, he was supportive, his typically serious expression softening as he signed the permission slip.
Joining the book club marked a turning point. I discovered a community where I truly belonged, and my passion for reading was embraced and nurtured. I began to craft my own stories, each one reflecting my dreams and desires.
As I stood there, lost in these thoughts, the door of that bookstore slid open, inviting me in. Stepping inside felt like coming home, a place where dreams and reality met. It was a reminder of how books had shaped my life, guiding me through the challenges of childhood and inspiring me to find my true passion.
38. What was the author’s first impression of the bookstore on the autumn evening
A．It appeared to be time-honored.
B．It seemed quiet and peaceful.
C．It looked warm and inviting.
D．It was quite modern and busy.
39. Why did the author’s father ask him to play football during his upbringing
A．To help him develop good qualities.
B．To keep him physically fit and healthy.
C．To prepare him for a sports career.
D．To encourage him to learn teamwork.
40. What message does the author’s story convey
A．Bend the bow before the arrow flies.
B．A true passion lights up one’s life.
C．Slow and steady wins the race.
D．A sound body makes a sound mind.
C
Extraverts are hugely sociable — they really care about their relationships, and possess outstanding social skills. Well, that’s how extraverts are generally described. But, according to new work, that’s not exactly how other people see them. In a series of studies reported in Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, Francis J. Flynn at Stanford University, US and colleagues consistently found that more extraverted people are considered to be poorer listeners. Their research also reveals a likely reason why.
There is no academic agreement on what constitutes “good” listening. But, in line with some other researchers, the team conceptualizes it as involving emotion-related processes, cognitive processes and also behavioral processes. In everyday life, it’s not necessarily easy to ascertain whether the person we’re talking to is really listening, however. They might be making plenty of eye contact, for example, but it’s always possible that they’re just pretending to be listening well. In this research, the team focused on only the participants’ perceptions of others’ listening skills.
In an earlier study, 147 first-year business students, who met weekly in groups of six to work on leadership skills, rated the listening skills of everyone else in their group. The participants then completed a scale that assessed their own extraversion. The team found that those with higher self-reported extraversion got poorer marks for listening.
However, in this study, people’s perceptions could have been influenced by the actual social relationships they had with other members of their group. So in almost all of the subsequent studies, fresh groups of participants rated the listening skills of fictional people who were described as falling at various points on the introversion-extraversion spectrum. Results from these studies supported the previous finding. Time and again, extraverted people were rated as being poorer listeners in social situations. As the team writes: “That is, despite the tendency for people to see extroverts as highly sociable, they tend to see this sociability as highly one-sided.”
An online study of 337 US-based adults suggested why this might be. Fictional people who were described as highly extraverted were also perceived to be better at controlling and modifying how they come across to others. “To observers, this signal of malleable self-presentation suggests that extraverts are more interested in ‘looking the part’ than attending to what others have to say,” the team writes.
It would be really interesting, though, to see work on the real-world implications of this particular belief. “For example, listening has been identified as the key to successful sales,” the team notes — so perhaps it would be wise for highly extraverted sales people to try to modify their behavior with clients.
A vast amount of research has been done on extraversion itself. “Our findings contribute to the study of extraversion by examining how people think about extraversion,” the researchers write. And for understanding conversations and relationships, which of course are two-way, that’s clearly important, too.
41. What is Paragraph 2 mainly about
A．Some reasons for poor listening ability.
B．The participants’ perception of listening.
C．A common understanding of good listening.
D．Some practical skills in improving listening.
42. What does the underlined word “malleable” in Paragraph 5 probably mean
A．Smart. B．Flexible. C．Consistent. D．Stable.
43. What message does the author probably convey to extroverted people
A．It is wise to listen more when communicating.
B．Focusing on people’s eyes makes a good speaker.
C．Rating oneself honestly helps one in social situations.
D．It is necessary to change one’s self-presentation style.
D
In an era where consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability, companies are rushing to project an environmentally responsible image. Many label products “eco-friendly,” “carbon-neutral,” or “natural,” and advertise grand commitments to fight climate change. Yet behind these green slogans often lies a far less flattering reality: greenwashing, the practice of misleading consumers into believing a company or product is more environmentally sound than it actually is.
Coined in the 1980s by environmentalist Jay Westerveld, the term “greenwashing” was inspired by hotels that placed “save the planet” cards in rooms to encourage towel reuse — while doing little to reduce energy use or plastic waste elsewhere. Today, greenwashing has evolved into a sophisticated corporate strategy. Common tactics include vague language (“environmentally friendly,” with no clear standard), irrelevant claims (a product labeled “CFC-free” when CFCs have been banned for decades), hidden trade-offs (promoting one green feature while ignoring severe pollution in other areas), and false certifications (using fake or meaningless eco-labels).
A 2020 European Union study found that over 50% of environmental claims examined were vague, misleading, or entirely unfounded. In one high-profile case, a major oil company launched a $100 million “green energy” advertising campaign while spending less than 1% of its budget on renewable research. Such practices not only deceive consumers but also slow down real environmental progress: when people believe they are “voting with their wallets” for the planet, they may lose motivation to demand systemic change.
Not all green marketing is greenwashing, of course. Genuine sustainability efforts are usually specific, verifiable, and backed by third-party certifications such as B Corp or Energy Star. The key difference lies in substance vs. symbolism: real green investment costs money and requires transparency, while greenwashing costs almost nothing and relies on ambiguity.
As public awareness grows, regulators are starting to crack down. The European Union’s Green Claims Directive, set to take effect in 2026, will require companies to prove all environmental claims with scientific evidence. The U.S. Federal Trade Commission (FTC) has also updated its “Green Guides” to penalize deceptive advertising. Still, experts warn that greenwashing will persist as long as consumers reward “green” branding more than actual green performance.
In the end, greenwashing is not just a marketing trick — it is a betrayal of public trust and a barrier to meaningful climate action. Until companies are held accountable for their words as well as their ads, the world will continue to confuse green paint with real green change.
44. Which of the following is a typical greenwashing tactic of irrelevant claims
A．A skincare brand calls its items “natural” without concrete definitions.
B．A clothing brand marks products totally free of long-banned chemicals.
C．An energy company runs green ads but cuts funds for eco-friendly projects.
D．A snack brand uses unapproved eco-labels on all its packaged goods.
45. According to the passage, what is the key to addressing greenwashing
A．Raising public environmental awareness.
B．Upgrading green guides to punish false ads.
C．Holding firms accountable for green claims.
D．Prioritizing honest environmental promotion.
46. Which is the best title for the passage
A．Green Promises to Nature
B．Green Pursuits of Eco-ideals
C．Green Bubbles in Business
D．Green Wonders in Advertising
七选五
For over a century, psychologists and neuroscientists have conceptualized human memory as a passive and precise recording system, one that faithfully records, stores, and recalls life experiences just as digital devices preserve original documents without mistakes. ___47___ Recent high-resolution (高清的) brain imaging studies and long-term behavioral experiments have thoroughly overturned this classic metaphor, revealing that human memory is never a static storage but a flexible, reconstructive process constantly reshaped by personal emotion, cognitive bias and post-event information.
A decade-long research project conducted by Harvard neuroscientists and published in The Atlantic tracked more than 2,000 adult participants, focusing on how vivid memories of emotionally significant events shift across years. ___48___ Contrary to the traditional assumption that consolidated memories stay fixed permanently, every act of memory recall triggers subtle neural reorganization, unconsciously rewriting trivial details and even adjusting core plots to fit people’s current values and life perceptions.
This inherent malleability of memory accounts for a common yet puzzling real-world phenomenon: two sincere eyewitnesses who observe exactly the same incident may deliver entirely contradictory but equally confident testimonials (证词). ___49___ Our brain tends to weave original experience, acquired secondary information and inherent cognitive frameworks into a unified narrative, which means the memories we trust deeply are often edited versions rather than objective factual records.
___50___ Many ordinary people and even industry experts regard memory instability as a dangerous cognitive weakness that determines human reliability. From an evolutionary perspective, however, this flexible mechanism serves as a vital survival strategy. It enables the brain to eliminate outdated, misleading and useless memory fragments, free up limited cognitive resources, and optimize real-time judgment and decision-making abilities.
Modern memory science has completely abandoned the simplistic “recorder” model and recognized memory as a dynamic tool for adapting to complex environments. ___51___ It also explains why intentional forgetting and memory revision are essential components of healthy human cognition, rather than regrettable mental failures.
A．Previous studies failed to notice the link between emotion and memory reconstruction.
B．This innovative finding has reshaped people’s understanding of cognitive operation.
C．Nevertheless, people have long taken memory accuracy for granted.
D．Actually, our memory accuracy can improve as we grow older and wiser.
E．The team’s findings yielded consistent and thought-provoking results.
F．This once dominated mainstream cognitive theories and guided related research for decades.
G．Such memory variation is not a sign of inaccurate observation or deliberate lying.
阅读问答
Some of the most successful people in history have done their best work in coffee shops. People across nations and centuries have tapped into their creativity in a café.
There are many ways coffee shops boost our creativity. The combination of noise, casual crowds and visual variety can give us just the right amount of distraction (注意力分散) to help us be sharpest and most creative.
Some of us stick in earbuds (耳塞) as soon as we sit down to work in a public setting. But scientists have known for years that background noise can benefit our creative thinking. A suitable level of noise in a cafeteria can actually improve your creative output. If you’re slightly distracted from the task at hand by some stimuli, it boosts your abstract thinking ability, which can lead to more creative idea generation.
There’s also the fact that in a coffee shop, we’re surrounded by people who’ve come to do the same thing, which acts as a motivator. Simply performing a task next to a person who makes a lot of effort can motivate you to work harder. It’s similar to going to the gym for a workout. That is the social-facilitation effect: you go there, you see other people working and it puts you in a mood where you just naturally start working as well.
Another thing that can make working at home or in the office tiring is the visual environment; often we sit in the same chair and look at the same four walls without relief. How the office is decorated has an effect on people’s creative thinking process. While researchers tried to address this by adding decorative lights, they soon found that the furnishings (家具及日用设备) quickly became familiar and boring. Coffee shops, though, generally have visual stimuli. And hitting up different coffee shops keeps things even more varied.
Researchers believe that there is no doubt about the “coffee-shop effect”. Even if working from home or office remains an option for the long-term, the benefits of going to a coffee shop may be too good to pass up. And maybe the coffee is better.
52. Why did some successful people do their best work in coffee shops
53. In what way is going to the gym similar to working in a coffee shop
54. Please decide which part is false in the following statement, then underline it and explain why.
When people feel the visual environment in their office is boring, they can redecorate the office or try some other working places to solve the problem.
55. If you were free to choose a place to study in, where would you like to go Why (about 40 words)
六、书信写作
56. 假设你是红星中学高一学生李华。你班外教Jim为了解大家英语学习中遇到的困难，开展了一次班级问卷调查。他委托你统计数据，希望你汇报的同时，分享个人英语学习情况。请根据调查结果，给Jim写一封邮件，内容包括：1.调查结果描述；2.你的情况及提升计划。
注意：1.词数不少于100；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Dear Jim,
_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Yours,
Li Hua
参考答案
完形填空
1.C 2.A 3.B 4.D 5.B 6.B 7.A 8.C 9.D 10.B
语法填空
11.has proved 12.digits 13.limited 14.enjoyable 15.where
16.to 17.learning 18.pointed 19.what 20.to understand
单词拼写
21.charm;vigor 22.writing;valuable 23.decorative;legacy 24.devoted;address
选词填空
25.F 26.C 27.E 28.A 29.B 30.D 31.C 32.F 33.B 34.E
阅读理解
35.B 36.A 37.B 38.C 39.A 40.B 41.C 42.B 43.A 44.B 45.C 46.C
七选五
47.F 48.E 49.G 50.C 51.B
阅读问答参考作答
52. Because proper background noise, surrounding hard-working people and diverse visual scenes in coffee shops can inspire creativity.
53. Both places have the social-facilitation effect: seeing others working hard motivates us to work harder.
54. False part: redecorate the office; Explanation: Adding decorations to offices will soon become familiar and boring, which cannot solve the problem fundamentally.
55. I prefer the library. It is quiet and full of study atmosphere. I can focus on my homework and read extra books to broaden my horizons.
书信范文
Dear Jim,
I’m writing to report the survey data about our English learning difficulties and share my own learning situation.
Most students find listening and writing the biggest challenges. Many say they can’t catch fast spoken English, while others lack ideas for compositions. Grammar and vocabulary also trouble quite a few classmates.
As for me, I struggle with listening too. To improve, I plan to listen to English podcasts for 20 minutes daily and take listening notes. Besides, I will keep an English diary every day to practise writing. I hope these methods will help me make progress.
Yours,
Li Hua

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