2026-2027学年-译林版九年级上册英语Unit 4 Life is beautiful 暑假预习课文精讲

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2026-2027学年-译林版九年级上册英语Unit 4 Life is beautiful 暑假预习课文精讲

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Unit 4 Life is beautiful
第一篇:植物启示对话
第一部分:引入话题
原文1:David: Did you know that plants are really useful and interesting (宾语从句)
译文:戴维:你知道吗,植物既非常有用又很有趣?
考点1:really 用法
讲解:really 副词,意为"真正地;非常;确实",用来加强语气。
辨析:really / very / quite / fairly
副词 程度 语气 例句
really 很强 非常;真的 It's really good.(真的很好)
very 强 很;非常 It's very good.(非常好)
quite 中等 相当;颇 It's quite good.(相当好)
fairly 较弱 还算;颇 It's fairly good.(还算好)
原文2:Millie: Of course, and we can learn a lot of lessons (宾语) about life (定语,修饰lessons) from them (状语).
译文:米莉:当然,而且我们可以从植物中学到很多人生道理。
考点1:learn...from...(从……中学到……)
讲解:固定搭配,learn sth. from sb./sth.,表"从某人/某物那里学到某事"。
例:We should learn from Lei Feng.(我们应该向雷锋学习)
拓展:与 learn 相关的短语
learn about(了解;得知)
例:We need to learn about the customs of the local people before traveling to that country.(去那个国家旅行前,我们需要了解当地人的习俗。)
learn of(听说;得知)
例:She learned of her father's accident through a phone call from the hospital.(她通过医院的电话得知了父亲遭遇事故的消息。)
learn by heart(背诵;记住)
例:All the students are required to learn the new English poems by heart this week.(所有学生这周都要把新的英语诗背下来。)
learn from each other(互相学习)
例:Team members can learn from each other through sharing their experiences.(团队成员可以通过分享经验互相学习。)
第二部分:竹子的启示
原文3:David: Yes. Bamboo is a good example. It's so strong that even a typhoon cannot break it.
译文:戴维:是的。竹子就是一个很好的例子。它非常坚韧,就连台风都吹不断它。
考点1:example 用法
讲解:example 名词,意为"例子;榜样;范例"。
常用搭配:
a good example(一个好例子/好榜样)
for example(例如)
set an example to sb.(为某人树立榜样)
例:Lei Feng set a good example to us.(雷锋为我们树立了好榜样)
take...for example(以……为例)
例:Take my English teacher for example, she always uses interesting stories to make class lively.(以我的英语老师为例,她总是用有趣的故事让课堂变得生动)
考点2:so...that...(如此……以至于……)
讲解:so + 形容词/副词 + that 从句,引导结果状语从句,表"如此……以至于……"。
例:She ran so fast that I couldn't catch up with her.(她跑得太快了,我追不上她)
such + (a/an) + 形容词 + 名词 + that从句
例:She is such a good teacher that all of us love and respect her.(她是一位这么好的老师,以至于我们都爱戴她。)
注意:当名词前有many、much、few、little这四个表示数量的词时,只能用so,不能用such。
例:There are so many people that we can't find a seat.
考点3:even 用法
讲解:even 副词,意为"甚至;连;即使",用来加强语气,常放在被强调的词前。
例:Even a child can do it.(连小孩都能做)
拓展:even if / even though(即使;尽管),引导让步状语从句。
例:Even if it rains, we will go.(即使下雨,我们也要去)
考点4:break 用法
讲解:break 动词,意为"打破;折断;弄坏",不规则变化:break → broke → broken。
原文4:Millie: So it is.
译文:米莉:的确如此。
原文5:David: I think this can teach us not to give up(宾语从句) when we face difficulties(时间状语从句). We can carry on like bamboo(方式状语) till the hard time passes (时间状语从句).
译文:戴维:我认为这能教会我们面对困难时不要放弃。我们可以像竹子一样坚持下去,直到困难时期过去。
考点1:teach sb. (not) to do sth.(教某人(不)做某事)
讲解:teach 后接双宾语,间接宾语是人,直接宾语是不定式。
例:My teacher teaches us to study hard.(老师教我们要努力学习)
例:He taught me not to give up easily.(他教我不要轻易放弃)
拓展:teach 的其他用法
teach sb. sth.(教某人某事)
teach sth. to sb.(教某事给某人)
teach oneself(自学)= learn by oneself
例:He teaches himself English.(他自学英语)
考点2:face difficulties(面对困难)
讲解:face 作动词,意为"面对;面临;正视"。
例:We should face difficulties bravely.(我们应该勇敢面对困难)
例:He faced a lot of problems.(他面临很多问题)
拓展:face 作名词,意为"脸;面孔"。
face to face(面对面)
lose face(丢脸)
make faces(做鬼脸)
考点3:carry on(继续;坚持)
讲解:carry on 固定短语,表"继续;坚持;进行"。
常用搭配:
carry on with sth.(继续某事)
carry on doing sth.(继续做某事)
例:Carry on with your work.(继续你的工作)
例:They carried on talking.(他们继续谈话)
考点4:till 引导时间状语从句
讲解:till = until,意为"直到……为止",引导时间状语从句。
用法:
肯定句中,主句动词是延续性的,表示动作一直持续到某个时间
否定句中,not...till/until... 表"直到……才……"
例:I waited till he came back.(我一直等到他回来)
例:I didn't go to bed till I finished my homework.(我直到做完作业才睡觉)
注意:till 与 until 基本同义,until 更正式,句首多用 until。
第三部分:松树的启示
原文6:Millie: I agree. I think pine trees encourage us to have a strong spirit(宾语从句). They're green all year round, even in winter. That reminds me (宾语) to have confidence in my ability and always be my best self (宾语补足语,并列的不定式).
译文:米莉:我同意。我认为松树鼓励我们要有坚强的精神。它们四季常青,即使在冬天也是如此。这提醒我要对自己的能力有信心,永远做最好的自己。
考点1:encourage sb. to do sth.(鼓励某人做某事)
讲解:encourage 动词,意为"鼓励;激励"。
例:Our teacher encourages us to read more.(老师鼓励我们多读书)
例:He encouraged me to try again.(他鼓励我再试一次)
拓展:encouragement(名词,鼓励),encouraging(形容词,令人鼓舞的),encouraged(形容词,受鼓舞的)。
考点2:a strong spirit(坚强的精神)
讲解:spirit 名词,意为"精神;心灵;意志",可作可数名词也可作不可数名词。
考点3:all year round(全年;一年到头)
讲解:固定短语,表"全年;一年到头"。
拓展:类似表达
all day long(整天);all night long(整夜);all the time(一直;始终)
考点4:remind sb. to do sth.(提醒某人做某事)
例:Please remind me to call him.(请提醒我给他打电话)
拓展:remind 的其他搭配
remind sb. of sth.(使某人想起某事)
例:The photo reminds me of my childhood.(这张照片让我想起了我的童年)
remind sb. that...(提醒某人……)
例:He reminded me that I had a meeting.(他提醒我有个会)
考点5:have confidence in(对……有信心)
讲解:confidence 名词,意为"信心;自信",have confidence in sth./sb. 表"对某事/某人有信心"。
例:I have confidence in myself.(我对自己有信心)
拓展:confident(形容词,自信的;有信心的),be confident of/about sth.(对某事有信心)。
例:She is confident of success.(她对成功有信心)
考点6:be one's best self(做最好的自己)
讲解:self 名词,意为"自己;自我",复数形式是 selves。
例:He found his true self.(他找到了真正的自我)
原文7:David: That's true.
译文:戴维:确实是这样。
第二篇:The peanut(花生)
一、结构分析
本文采用"背景引入—庆祝活动—讨论好处—揭示寓意—升华主题"的叙事结构,通过一家人种花生、吃花生、讨论花生的故事,揭示了"做人要做有用的人,不要做只讲体面而对别人没有好处的人"的道理。
部分 结构作用 核心内容
第一部分(第1段) 背景引入 我家后面有一小块闲置的土地,妈妈提议种花生,我们兄弟姐妹都很兴奋,开始买种子、翻地、浇水,几个月后收获了
第二部分(第2段) 庆祝活动 妈妈提议开个派对庆祝,用几种不同的方法做了花生,叫我们去花园
第三部分(第3-5段) 讨论好处 爸爸问花生有什么好处,姐姐说好吃,哥哥说可以榨油,我说便宜,人人都买得起
第四部分(第6段) 揭示特别之处 爸爸讲花生的特别之处:不像苹果、桃子把果实露在外面吸引人,花生把果实藏在地里,不挖出来不知道有没有结果
第五部分(第7段) 点明寓意 爸爸说要像花生一样,虽然不怎么好看,但很有用
第六部分(第8-9段) 深化主题 我问是不是追求别人的关注和赞美不那么重要,爸爸肯定了我的理解,并说这就是他对我们的期望
第七部分(第10段) 结尾升华 那天晚上我们吃完了所有花生,但爸爸的话至今仍清晰地留在我的记忆里
二、文章详解
第一部分:背景引入
原文1:At the back of our house, there was a small piece of unused land.
译文:在我们房子的后面,有一小块闲置的土地。
考点1:at the back of(在……的后面)
讲解:固定短语,表"在……的后面/后部",指在某个范围内部的后面。
辨析:at the back of / behind
词组 含义 位置关系 例句
at the back of 在……的后部 在某物内部的后面 at the back of the classroom(在教室后部)
behind 在……的后面 在某物外部的后面 behind the classroom(在教室后面)
考点2:a piece of(一块/一片/一张)
讲解:piece 名词,意为"块;片;张;件",a piece of 用来表示不可数名词的数量。
例:Can you give me a piece of advice (你能给我一条建议吗?)
考点3:unused 用法
讲解:unused 形容词,意为"未使用的;闲置的;没用过的"。
词形变化:
use(使用)→ used(用过的;习惯于)→ unused(未使用的)
useful(有用的)→ useless(无用的)
拓展:常见的否定前缀 un-
unhappy(不开心的); unlucky(不幸运的); unable(不能的); unknown(未知的); unusual(不寻常的)
原文2:"It's a pity to let it go to waste like that(真正主语)," Mother said.
译文:"就这样让它荒废着,太可惜了,"妈妈说。
考点1:It is a pity to do sth.(做某事很可惜/遗憾)
讲解:it 作形式主语,真正的主语是后面的不定式短语。这是英语中常见的结构,避免句子头重脚轻。
结构:It is + 名词/形容词 + to do sth.
例:It's a pity to miss the chance.(错过这个机会真可惜)
考点2:let sb./sth. do sth.(让某人/某物做某事)
讲解:let 使役动词,意为"让;允许",后接不带 to 的不定式作宾语补足语。
结构:let + 宾语 + 动词原形
例:Let me help you.(让我帮你)
考点3:go to waste(被浪费;荒废)
讲解:固定短语,表"被浪费;荒废;付诸东流"。
例:All his hard work went to waste.(他所有的努力都白费了)
拓展:与 waste 相关的短语
waste time doing sth.(浪费时间做某事)
例:Don't waste time complaining about the problem; let's find a solution instead.(别浪费时间抱怨问题,咱们不如想办法解决。)
waste money on sth.(在某事上浪费钱)
例:Why waste money on clothes you don't need (为什么浪费钱买你不需要的衣服呢?)
a waste of time(浪费时间)
a waste of money(浪费钱)
考点4:like that(像那样;那样)
讲解:like that 固定短语,表"像那样;那样地",like 是介词。
例:Don't talk to me like that.(别那样跟我说话)
拓展:like this(像这样)
例:Hold it like this.(像这样拿着)
原文3:"Since you all enjoy eating peanuts (原因状语从句), let's make it a peanut field."
译文:"既然你们都喜欢吃花生,我们就把它变成花生地吧。"
考点1:since 引导原因状语从句
讲解:since 连词,意为"既然;因为;由于",引导原因状语从句,语气比 because 弱,表示已知的、显然的原因。
例:Since you are tired, you should have a rest.(既然你累了,就应该休息一下)
考点2:enjoy doing sth.(喜欢做某事)
拓展:后接动名词作宾语的常见动词
finish doing sth.(完成做某事);practice doing sth.(练习做某事);mind doing sth.(介意做某事);suggest doing sth.(建议做某事);avoid doing sth.(避免做某事);keep doing sth.(一直做某事)
考点3:all 作同位语
讲解:all 在这里作 you 的同位语,意为"你们都",放在主语后、动词前。
例:We all like English.(我们都喜欢英语)
注意:all 的位置
be 动词之后:They are all students.
实义动词之前:They all like music.
助动词/情态动词之后,实义动词之前:They will all come.
原文4:My brothers, sister and I were all excited.
译文:我和哥哥姐姐们都很兴奋。
原文5:We began buying seeds, digging up the ground and watering the plants(三个并列的动名词短语作宾语).
译文:我们开始买种子、翻地、给作物浇水。
考点1:begin doing sth.(开始做某事)
讲解:begin 动词,意为"开始",后可接动名词也可接不定式,含义基本相同。
例:It began raining. = It began to rain.(开始下雨了)
考点2:dig up(挖掘;翻土)
讲解:固定短语,dig 动词,意为"挖;掘",过去式和过去分词都是 dug(不规则变化)。
常见搭配:
dig up(挖掘;翻土;找出); dig a hole(挖个洞); dig into(深入钻研)
例:They are digging up the garden.(他们在翻花园的土)
考点3:water 作动词
讲解:water 作动词,意为"浇水;洒水",是名词动用。
例:She is watering the flowers.(她在浇花)
拓展:英语中很多名词可以作动词用:
hand(n. 手 → v. 传递); eye(n. 眼睛 → v. 注视); face(n. 脸 → v. 面对)
house(n. 房子 → v. 容纳); plant(n. 植物 → v. 种植)
原文6:In a couple of months, we had a harvest!
译文:几个月后,我们收获了!
考点1:have a harvest(收获)
讲解:harvest 名词,意为"收获;收成;收获季节",have a harvest 表"收获"。
例:We had a good harvest this year.(今年我们收成很好)
拓展:harvest 也可作动词,意为"收获;收割"。
例:Farmers harvest crops in autumn.(农民在秋天收割庄稼)
第二部分:庆祝活动
原文7:"Let's have a party tonight to celebrate (目的状语)" Mother suggested.
译文:"我们今晚开个派对庆祝一下吧,"妈妈提议道。
考点1:have a party(开派对;举行聚会)
讲解:have 动词,在这里意为"举行;举办"。
常见搭配:
have a party(开派对); have a meeting(开会); have a class(上课); have dinner(吃晚饭); have a good time(玩得开心)
例:We will have a birthday party for her.(我们将为她举办生日派对)
考点2:suggest 用法
讲解:suggest 动词,意为"建议;提议"。
常见结构:
suggest sth.(建议某事)
例:He suggested a plan.(他提出了一个计划)
suggest doing sth.(建议做某事)
例:He suggested going there by bus.(他建议坐公交车去那里)
suggest + that 从句(从句用虚拟语气:should + 动词原形,should 可省略)
例:He suggested that we (should) go there by bus.(他建议我们坐公交车去那里)
原文8:She cooked(谓语1) the peanuts in a few different ways and told (谓语2) us to go to the garden for the celebration.
译文:她用几种不同的方法做了花生,叫我们去花园庆祝。
考点1:in a few different ways(用几种不同的方法)
讲解:way 名词,意为"方法;方式;道路",in...way 表"用……方法/方式"。
常见搭配:
in this way(用这种方法); in that way(用那种方法); in different ways(用不同的方法); in the same way(用相同的方法); in many ways(在很多方面)
例:You can solve the problem in this way.(你可以用这种方法解决问题)
考点2:tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事)
讲解:tell 动词,意为"告诉;讲述",后接双宾语或复合宾语。
常见结构:
tell sb. sth. = tell sth. to sb.(告诉某人某事)
例:Please tell me the truth.(请告诉我真相)
tell sb. to do sth.(告诉某人做某事)
例:He told me to wait for him.(他叫我等他)
tell sb. not to do sth.(告诉某人不要做某事)
例:Mother told me not to go out alone.(妈妈叫我不要一个人出去)
考点3:celebration 用法
讲解:celebration 名词,意为"庆祝;庆典"。
词形变化:
celebrate(动词,庆祝)→ celebration(名词,庆祝;庆典)→ celebratory(形容词,庆祝的)
第三部分:讨论花生的好处
原文9:"Who can tell me what peanuts are good for (直接宾语,宾语从句) " Father asked.
译文:"谁能告诉我花生有什么好处?"爸爸问。
考点1:宾语从句的引导词 what
讲解:what 引导宾语从句,作 tell 的直接宾语,what 在从句中作介词 for 的宾语。
注意:宾语从句要用陈述语序(主语在前,谓语在后)。
正确:I don't know what he is doing.
例:Can you tell me what your name is (你能告诉我你叫什么名字吗?)
考点2:be good for(对……有好处;有益于)
例:Milk is good for your health.(牛奶对你的健康有好处)
辨析:be good for / be good at / be good to / be good with
词组 含义 后接 例句
be good for 对……有好处 事物/人 Milk is good for health.
be good at 擅长…… 某事/做某事 She is good at English.
be good to 对……好 人 He is good to me.
be good with 善于应付……;和……相处得好 人 She is good with children.
原文10:"They're delicious to eat," my sister took the lead.
译文:"花生很好吃,"姐姐抢先说道。
考点1:delicious to eat(好吃)
讲解:这是"主语 + be + 形容词 + to do"的结构,不定式主动形式表被动含义。
常用形容词:easy, hard, difficult, nice, good, delicious, comfortable 等。
例:The book is easy to read.(这本书很容易读,书是被读的,但用主动形式)
例:The question is difficult to answer.(这个问题很难回答)
考点2:take the lead(带头;领先)
讲解:固定短语,表"带头;领先;首先做"。
例:She took the lead in the discussion.(她在讨论中带头发言)
拓展:与 lead 相关的短语
lead the way(带路;引路)
Come, I will lead the way.(走吧,我来带路。)
lead to(导致;通向)
Poor diet and lack of exercise can lead to health problems.(饮食不良和缺乏锻炼会导致健康问题。)
lead a...life(过着……的生活)
He decided to lead a new life.(他决定过新生活。)
in the lead(领先)
They are in the lead in the competition.(他们在比赛中处于领先地位。)
原文11:"They're good for making oil," my brother followed.
译文:"花生可以榨油,"哥哥接着说。
考点1:be good for doing sth.(适合做某事;对做某事有好处)
讲解:for 是介词,后接动名词(动词-ing形式)。
例:This knife is good for cutting bread.(这把刀适合切面包)
考点2:make oil(榨油;制油)
讲解:make 动词,意为"制作;制造;生产"。
常见搭配:
make oil(榨油);make bread(做面包);make money(赚钱);make friends(交朋友);make progress(取得进步)
考点3:follow 用法
讲解:follow 动词,意为"跟随;接着;遵循;听懂"。
例:Follow me, please.(请跟我来)
例:He followed his father as a doctor.(他继承父亲当了医生)
例:Follow the rules, please.(请遵守规则)
例:I don't follow you.(我没听懂你的话)
拓展:following(形容词,接着的;以下的),as follows(如下)。
原文12:"They're cheap," I said. "Almost everyone can afford to buy peanuts and most people like eating them."
译文:"花生很便宜,"我说。"几乎人人都买得起花生,而且大多数人都喜欢吃。"
考点1:afford to do sth.(负担得起做某事)
讲解:afford 动词,意为"买得起;负担得起;抽得出(时间)",常与 can, could, be able to 连用。
结构:
afford sth.(买得起某物)
例:I can't afford this car.(我买不起这辆车)
注意:afford 表示"买得起"时,通常与 can, could, be able to 连用,不用于进行时态!
第四部分:爸爸讲花生的特别之处
原文13:"Peanuts are good for many things," Father said, "but still, there's one special thing about them.
译文:"花生有很多好处,"爸爸说,"但是,它们有一个特别之处。
考点1:but still(但是仍然;但还是)
讲解:still 副词,意为"仍然;还是;还",放在 but 后面加强转折语气。
例:He is very rich, but still he is not happy.(他很有钱,但仍然不快乐)
考点2:one thing about them(关于它们的一点)
讲解:about 介词,意为"关于",about them 作定语修饰 one thing。
例:something about the plan(关于计划的一些事)
原文14:Unlike apples and peaches that show(谓语1) their fruits in the air and attract(谓语2) people with their beautiful colours (比较状语,含定语从句), the peanut plant hides its fruits in the earth.
译文:不像苹果和桃子把果实露在外面,用美丽的颜色吸引人,花生把果实藏在地里。
考点1:unlike 用法
讲解:unlike 介词,意为"不像;与……不同",是 like 的反义词。
例:Unlike most girls, she likes sports.(不像大多数女孩,她喜欢运动)
拓展:unlike = 不像(介词);dislike = 不喜欢(动词)
考点2:that 引导定语从句
讲解:that 引导定语从句,修饰先行词 apples and peaches,that 在从句中作主语,不能省略。
注意:
先行词是人或物时,都可用 that
that 在从句中作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可以省略
例:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.(我昨天买的那本书很有趣,that作宾语,可省略)
例:The man that is standing there is my teacher.(站在那里的那个人是我的老师,that作主语,不能省略)
考点3:show 用法
讲解:show 动词,意为"展示;给……看;显示",过去式 showed,过去分词 shown/showed。
常见结构:
show sb. sth. = show sth. to sb.(给某人看某物)
例:Can you show me your new book = Can you show your new book to me (你能给我看看你的新书吗?)
show sb. around(带某人参观)
例:He showed us around the school.(他带我们参观了学校)
show up(出现;露面)
例:Don't worry, your friend will show up sooner or later.(别担心,你的朋友迟早会来的。)
show off(炫耀)
例:The little boy showed off his toy cars to every guest at the party.(小男孩在派对上给每个客人炫耀他的玩具车。)
考点4:in the air(在空中;在空气中)
讲解:固定短语,表"在空中;在空气中"。
例:There are many birds in the air.(空中有很多鸟)
考点5:attract 用法
讲解:attraction(名词,吸引力;景点),attractive(形容词,有吸引力的;迷人的)。
考点6:with their beautiful colours(用它们美丽的颜色)
讲解:with 介词,表"用;以",表示使用的工具、材料或方式。
例:She wrote the letter with a pen.(她用钢笔写了这封信)
辨析:with / by / in
介词 含义 用法 例句
with 用;以 工具、身体部位 write with a pen
by 通过;凭借 方式、手段、交通工具 go by bus / learn by reading
in 用 语言、材料、方式 speak in English / write in ink
考点7:hide 用法
讲解:hide 动词,意为"隐藏;躲藏",过去式 hid,过去分词 hidden(不规则变化)。
常见搭配:
hide sth. from sb.(对某人隐瞒某事)
例:Don't hide the truth from me.(别对我隐瞒真相)
hide behind(躲在……后面)
例:The sun is hidden behind the clouds.(太阳躲在云后面)
考点8:in the earth(在地里;在土中)
讲解:earth 名词,意为"地球;土地;泥土"。
常见搭配:
on the earth(在地球上)
例:There are many animals on the earth.(地球上有很多动物)
in the earth(在地里;在土中)
例:The roots grow in the earth.(根长在土里)
on earth(究竟;到底,用于加强语气)
例:What on earth are you doing (你到底在干什么?)
原文15:Until you dig it out(时间状语从句), you can't tell by looking at its thin stem (方式状语) whether it bears fruit or not (宾语从句).
译文:直到你把它挖出来,光看它细细的茎,你都不知道它有没有结果。
考点1:until 引导时间状语从句
讲解:until = till,连词/介词,意为"直到……为止"。
考点2:dig out(挖出;发现)
讲解:固定短语,表"挖出;掘出;发现"。
考点3:tell 表示"判断;辨别"
讲解:tell 动词,除了"告诉;讲述",还有"判断;辨别;分辨"的意思。
常见结构:
tell A from B(辨别A和B)
例:Can you tell Tom from his twin brother (你能分辨汤姆和他的双胞胎哥哥吗?)
tell the difference between A and B(辨别A和B的区别)
tell whether...or not(判断是否……)
例:I can't tell whether he is right or not.(我判断不出他是否正确)
考点4:by doing sth.(通过做某事)
讲解:by 介词,表"通过;凭借;用……方式",后接动名词。
例:You can learn English by listening to the radio.(你可以通过听收音机学英语)
考点5:whether...or not(是否)
讲解:whether 连词,意为"是否",引导宾语从句,常与 or not 连用。
辨析:whether 与 if
连词 含义 用法
whether 是否 可与 or not 连用,可放句首,可作介词宾语
if 是否;如果 不能与 or not 直接连用,不能放句首,不能作介词宾语
例:I don't know whether he will come or not. = I don't know if he will come.(我不知道他是否会来)
正确:I worry about whether he is safe.(介词后用 whether,不用 if)
考点6:bear fruit(结果实)
讲解:bear 动词,意为"结(果实);生育;承受",过去式 bore,过去分词 born/borne(不规则变化)。
第五部分:爸爸的教诲
原文16:"That's true," we all said. Mother nodded too.
译文:"那倒是,"我们都说。妈妈也点了点头。
原文17:"Trying to be like the peanut is a good idea," Father went on. "It's useful, though not very attractive."
译文:"努力做像花生那样的人是个好主意,"爸爸接着说。"花生虽然不怎么好看,但很有用。"
考点1:动名词作主语
讲解:动名词(动词-ing形式)可以作主语,谓语动词用单数。
例:Reading is good for you.(读书对你有好处)
拓展:不定式也可以作主语,常用 it 作形式主语。
例:To read is important. = It is important to read.(读书很重要)
考点2:try to do sth.(努力做某事;尽力做某事)
讲解:try 动词,意为"尝试;努力"。
辨析:try to do sth. 与 try doing sth.
结构 含义 侧重点
try to do sth. 努力做某事;尽力做某事 强调努力、设法去做
try doing sth. 尝试做某事 强调试试看,看会怎么样
例:He tried to climb the mountain.(他努力/设法爬上那座山)
例:He tried climbing the mountain.(他尝试爬山,看看行不行)
考点3:though 引导让步状语
讲解:though 连词,意为"虽然;尽管",引导让步状语从句。
例:He is happy, though he is poor.(虽然他穷,但他很快乐)
考点4:attractive 用法
讲解:attractive 形容词,意为"有吸引力的;迷人的;好看的"。
词形变化:
attract(吸引)→ attraction(吸引力;景点)→ attractive(有吸引力的)→ attractively(迷人地)
第六部分:我的理解
原文18:"Do you mean," I asked, "compared with being useful, looking for attention and praise from others is not that important "
译文:"您的意思是,"我问,"和有用相比,追求别人的关注和赞美不那么重要?"
考点1:compared with(与……相比)
讲解:固定短语,表"与……相比",常用作状语。
例:Compared with her sister, she is taller.(和她姐姐相比,她更高)
拓展:compare...with...(把……和……比较),compare...to...(把……比作……)。
例:People often compare life to a journey.(人们常把人生比作一段旅程)
考点2:look for(寻找)
讲解:固定短语,表"寻找",强调找的动作。
辨析:look for 与 find
词组 含义 侧重点
look for 寻找 强调动作,不一定找到
find 找到;发现 强调结果,已经找到了
例:I'm looking for my pen.(我在找我的钢笔,强调动作)
例:I found my pen under the desk.(我在桌子底下找到了我的钢笔,强调结果)
考点3:attention 用法
讲解:attention 名词,意为"注意;关注;注意力",是不可数名词。
常见搭配:
pay attention to(注意;关注)
catch one's attention(引起某人的注意)
attention, please(请注意)
例:Please pay attention to the teacher.(请注意听老师讲课)
考点4:praise 用法
讲解:praise 可作名词也可作动词,意为"赞美;表扬;称赞"。
例(名词):He received a lot of praise for his work.(他的工作得到了很多赞扬)
例(动词):The teacher praised him for his progress.(老师表扬了他的进步)
常见搭配:
praise sb. for sth.(因某事表扬某人)
in praise of(赞扬;歌颂)
例:He wrote many poems in praise of his wife.(他写了许多赞美妻子的诗。)
考点5:that 作副词
讲解:that 在这里作副词,意为"那么;那样",相当于 so,用来加强语气。
例:It's not that easy.(这没那么容易)
拓展:this 也可作副词,表"这么;这样"。
例:I've never been this happy before.(我以前从没这么开心过)
第七部分:爸爸的肯定
原文19:"Yes," Father said. "This is what I mean. And this is what I expect of you."
译文:"对,"爸爸说。"这就是我的意思。这也是我对你们的期望。"
考点1:expect 用法
讲解:expect 动词,意为"期望;期待;预料"。
常见结构:
expect sth.(期待某事)
例:I expect a letter from him.(我期待收到他的信)
expect to do sth.(期待做某事)
例:I expect to see you soon.(我期待很快见到你)
expect sb. to do sth.(期望某人做某事)
例:My parents expect me to study hard.(我父母期望我努力学习)
expect + that 从句(预计……)
例:I expect that he will come.(我预计他会来)
考点2:expect of(对……的期望)
讲解:expect sth. of sb. 表"对某人有某种期望"。
例:What do you expect of me (你对我有什么期望?)
拓展:expectation(名词,期望;期待),beyond expectation(出乎意料)。
第八部分:结尾升华
原文20:We stayed up late that night and ate all the peanuts Mother had cooked for us(定语从句).
译文:那天晚上我们熬夜了,吃完了妈妈为我们做的所有花生。
考点1:stay up(熬夜;不睡觉)
讲解:固定短语,表"熬夜;不睡觉"。
例:Don't stay up too late.(别熬夜太晚)
考点2:定语从句省略关系代词
讲解:定语从句中,关系代词 that/which/who/whom 在从句中作宾语时,可以省略。
本句中,Mother had cooked for us 是定语从句,修饰 peanuts,完整的是 that/which Mother had cooked for us,关系代词 that/which 在从句中作 cooked 的宾语,所以省略了。
考点3:cook for(为……做饭)
讲解:for 介词,表"为;给"。
例:Mother cooks for us every day.(妈妈每天给我们做饭)
原文21:But Father's words remain clear in my memory (状语) to this day (时间状语).
译文:但爸爸的话至今仍清晰地留在我的记忆里。
考点1:in one's memory(在某人的记忆中)
讲解:memory 名词,意为"记忆;回忆;记忆力"。
考点2:to this day(至今;直到今天)
讲解:固定短语,表"至今;直到今天",常用于现在完成时或一般现在时。
例:To this day, I still remember her smile.(至今我还记得她的微笑)
拓展:类似的表达
up to now(直到现在);so far(到目前为止);till now(直到现在)
第三篇:Daughter of Dunhuang(敦煌的女儿)
一、结构分析
本文采用"人物介绍—成就背景—困难挑战—解决方案—意义总结"的人物介绍结构,围绕樊锦诗和敦煌石窟展开。
部分 结构作用 核心内容
第一部分(第1段) 人物引入 对敦煌感兴趣的人可能都听说过樊锦诗
第二部分(第2段) 人物身份与贡献 樊锦诗被称为"敦煌的女儿",因为她把大半生都奉献给了敦煌石窟的研究和保护
第三部分(第3段) 背景与挑战 敦煌石窟有大量壁画和彩塑,但这些珍宝因自然原因和旅游业遭到破坏
第四部分(第4段) 解决方案与成果 樊锦诗提出数字化想法,带领团队30多年努力,2016年创建"数字敦煌"网站,让世界得以欣赏这一奇迹
二、文章详解
第一部分:人物引入
原文1:Anyone interested in Dunhuang(定语,修饰anyone) is likely to have heard of Fan Jinshi.
译文:任何对敦煌感兴趣的人都可能听说过樊锦诗。
考点1:be likely to do sth.(可能做某事)
讲解:likely 形容词,意为"可能的",be likely to do sth. 表"很可能做某事"。
例:He is likely to come.(他很可能会来)
第二部分:人物身份与贡献
原文2:Fan is known to many as the "Daughter of Dunhuang" because she has devoted a large part of her life to researching and protecting the ancient Dunhuang caves.
译文:樊锦诗被许多人称为"敦煌的女儿",因为她把自己大半生都奉献给了古代敦煌石窟的研究和保护事业。
考点1:be known as(被称为;作为……而出名)
讲解:known 是 know 的过去分词,作形容词用,be known as 表"作为……而出名;被称为"。
辨析:be known as / be known for / be known to
词组 含义 侧重点 例句
be known as 作为……而出名;被称为 身份、职业、称号 He is known as a great writer.(他作为伟大作家而出名)
be known for 因……而出名 原因、特点 He is known for his novels.(他因小说而出名)
be known to 为……所熟知 对象 He is known to everyone.(他为大家所熟知)
考点2:devote...to...(把……奉献给……)
讲解:devote 动词,意为"致力于;奉献",devote sth. to sth./doing sth. 表"把某物/时间/生命奉献给(做)某事"。
例:She devoted her life to helping the poor.(她把一生都奉献给了帮助穷人)
拓展:devotion(名词,奉献;忠诚),devoted(形容词,忠诚的;挚爱的)。
考点3:protect 用法
讲解:protect 动词,意为"保护;防护"。
常用搭配:
protect sb./sth. from sth.(保护某人/某物免受……)
例:Sunglasses can protect your eyes from the sun.(太阳镜可以保护你的眼睛免受阳光伤害)
protect sb./sth. against sth.(保护某人/某物抵御……)
例:My warm coat protects me against the cold winter wind.(我的厚外套帮我抵御冬日寒风。)
拓展:protection(名词,保护),protective(形容词,保护的)。
第三部分:背景与挑战
原文3:The Dunhuang caves house about 45,000 square metres of wall paintings and over 2,000 painted sculptures (宾语).
译文:敦煌石窟内藏有约45,000平方米的壁画和2,000多尊彩塑。
考点1:house 作动词
讲解:house 作动词,意为"容纳;藏有;给……提供住处",是名词动用。
例:The museum houses many famous paintings.(这家博物馆藏有许多名画)
考点2:square metres(平方米)
例:The room is 20 square metres.(这个房间20平方米)
考点3:wall paintings(壁画)
讲解:wall 名词,意为"墙;墙壁",painting 名词,意为"绘画;油画",wall painting 表"壁画"。
考点4:painted sculptures(彩塑;彩绘雕塑)
讲解:painted 是 paint 的过去分词,作形容词用,意为"彩绘的;着色的",sculpture 名词,意为"雕塑;雕像"。
原文4:Sadly, these treasures were damaged due to natural causes over thousands of years and tourism in the last century (状语,表原因).
译文:遗憾的是,数千年来,这些珍宝因自然原因遭到破坏,在上个世纪又因旅游业而受损。
考点1:due to(由于;因为)
讲解:due to 介词短语,表"由于;因为",后接名词或名词短语。
例:He was late due to the heavy rain.(他因为大雨迟到了)
考点2:in the last century(在上个世纪)
讲解:last 形容词,意为"上一个的;最后的",century 名词,意为"世纪;百年"。
第四部分:解决方案与成果
原文5:In the late 1980s, Fan came up with the idea (宾语) of digitalizing the caves (定语,修饰idea).
译文:20世纪80年代末,樊锦诗提出了将石窟数字化的想法。
考点1:in the late 1980s(在20世纪80年代末)
讲解:表示"在……年代",用 in the + 年代s/'s。
常见表达:
in the 1980s = in the 1980's(在20世纪80年代)
in the early 1980s(在20世纪80年代初)
in the mid-1980s(在20世纪80年代中期)
in the late 1980s(在20世纪80年代末)
例:He was born in the 1990s.(他出生于20世纪90年代)
考点2:come up with(想出;提出)
讲解:固定短语,表"想出(主意、办法等);提出",主语通常是人。
例:He came up with a good idea.(他想出了一个好主意)
原文6:She led her team (宾语) to create the "Digital Dunhuang" website (宾语补足语) in 2016 (时间状语) after more than 30 years of hard work (时间状语).
译文:经过30多年的努力,她带领团队于2016年创建了"数字敦煌"网站。
考点1:lead sb. to do sth.(引导 / 致使某人做某事)
讲解:lead 动词,意为"带领;领导;引导",过去式和过去分词都是 led。
常用搭配:
lead to sth.(导致;通向)
例:Hard work leads to success.(努力导致成功)
lead a...life(过着……的生活)
例:They led a happy life.(他们过着幸福的生活)
拓展:leader(名词,领导者;领袖),leadership(名词,领导;领导力)。
考点2:after more than 30 years of hard work(经过30多年的努力)
讲解:"after + 时间段 + of + 名词"结构,表"经过……的……之后"。
例:After three years of hard work, he succeeded.(经过三年的努力,他成功了)
原文7:Thanks to the continued efforts from Fan and her team(原因状语), the world gets to enjoy this wonder.
译文:多亏了樊锦诗和她团队的持续努力,世界才得以欣赏这一奇迹。
考点1:thanks to(多亏;由于)
讲解:固定短语,表"多亏;由于;因为",后接名词或名词短语,通常表示好的原因。
例:Thanks to your help, I finished the work on time.(多亏了你的帮助,我按时完成了工作)
考点2:continued efforts(持续的努力)
讲解:continued 是 continue 的过去分词,作形容词用,意为"持续的;继续的",effort 名词,意为"努力;付出"。
考点3:get to do sth.(得以做某事;有机会做某事)
讲解:get to do sth. 表"得以做某事;有机会做某事",含"经过努力或幸运地能够做某事"之意。
例:I got to meet my favorite singer.(我有幸见到了我最喜欢的歌手)
第四篇:张桂梅对话
一、结构分析
本对话采用"人物引入—事迹介绍—意义探讨—精神升华"的对话结构,围绕张桂梅的事迹和人生意义展开。
部分 结构作用 核心内容
第一部分(人物引入) 引出话题 Amy 说有些人一生都在做重要的事,问 Daniel 是否听说过张桂梅,她多年来为中国女孩争取教育权利
第二部分(事迹介绍) 具体事迹 Daniel 回答知道,张桂梅在云南创办了免费女子高中,帮助了很多人;并提出观点:我们可以通过帮助多少人来衡量人生的意义
第三部分(意义探讨) 深化主题 Amy 同意,张桂梅说人活着总得做点什么,她在做非常有意义的事
第四部分(精神升华) 总结感悟 Daniel 称赞张桂梅是伟大的女性;Amy 说喜欢这样的人物故事,相信能帮助我们找到人生目标
二、对话详解
第一部分:人物引入
原文1:Amy: Some people spend their whole lives doing important things. Have you heard of Zhang Guimei For years, she has fought for girls in China to get an education.
译文:埃米:有些人一生都在做重要的事情。你听说过张桂梅吗?多年来,她一直在为中国女孩争取受教育的权利而奋斗。
考点1:spend...doing sth.(花费……做某事)
讲解:spend 动词,意为"花费(时间/金钱)",过去式和过去分词都是 spent。
常用结构:
spend time/money on sth.(在某事上花费时间/金钱)
例:He spent two hours on his homework.(他花了两个小时做作业)
spend time/money (in) doing sth.(花费时间/金钱做某事)
例:She spent a lot of money buying books.(她花了很多钱买书)
辨析:spend / cost / take / pay
(1)Spend —— 主语是“人”,可花“时间”或“金钱”
常用搭配:sb + spend + 时间/金钱 + on sth. 或 spend + 时间/金钱 + (in) doing sth.
例句:She spent 200 yuan on this book.
He spent a lot of money (in) repairing his car.
(2)Cost —— 主语是“物/事”,花的是“金钱”(偶尔精力)
常用搭配:sth. cost (sb.) + 金钱 或 It costs (sb.) + 金钱 + to do sth.
例句:The book cost me 50 yuan.
It cost me a lot to buy a house.
(3)Take —— 主语是“It/事”,花的是“时间”
常用搭配:It takes (sb.) + 时间 + to do sth. 或 Doing sth. takes (sb.) + 时间
例句:It took me 30 minutes to walk to school.
It takes time to master a language.
(4)Pay —— 主语是“人”,强调“支付”动作
常用搭配:sb + pay + 金钱 + for sth. 或 pay (sb.) + 金钱 或 pay for sth.
例句:I paid 50 yuan for the ticket.
He paid me 500 yuan for the work.
考点2:whole 用法
讲解:whole 形容词,意为"整个的;全部的",通常放在定冠词、物主代词等之后。
例:the whole day(一整天);is whole life(他的一生);the whole country(整个国家)
辨析:whole 与 all
形容词 位置 修饰名词 例句
whole 限定词之后 单数可数名词 the whole day / all the day
all 限定词之前 可数/不可数名词 all the days / all day
考点3:hear of(听说;得知)
讲解:hear of 表"听说;得知(关于某人/某事的情况)"。
辨析:hear of / hear from / hear
词组 含义 后接 例句
hear of 听说;得知 某人/某事 I've never heard of her.(我从没听说过她)
hear from 收到……的来信/消息 某人 I heard from my friend yesterday.(我昨天收到了朋友的来信)
hear 听见;听到 声音/某事 I heard a knock at the door.(我听到了敲门声)
考点4:fight for(为……而奋斗/斗争)
讲解:fight 动词,意为"战斗;奋斗;斗争",fight for sth. 表"为某事而奋斗/斗争"。
常用搭配:
fight for(为……而战)
fight against(与……作斗争)
例:We should fight against pollution.(我们应该与污染作斗争)
fight with(与……并肩作战;与……打架)
例:She often fights with her husband about money. (她经常因为钱和丈夫吵架。)
We will fight with you against the unfair rules of this company. (我们会和你一起抗争这家公司的不公规定。)
考点5:get an education(接受教育)
讲解:education 名词,意为"教育",是不可数名词,但前面有形容词修饰时,可加不定冠词 an/a。
例:get a good education(接受良好的教育)
例:receive higher education(接受高等教育)
拓展:educate(动词,教育),educational(形容词,教育的;有教育意义的),educator(名词,教育者)。
第二部分:事迹介绍
原文2:Daniel: Oh, yes. She even started a free high school for girls in Yunnan Province. She has helped lots of people. I think we can judge how meaningful our lives are by how many people we help(宾语从句).
译文:丹尼尔:哦,是的。她甚至在云南省创办了一所免费的女子高中。她帮助了很多人。我认为我们可以通过帮助多少人来衡量我们的人生有多有意义。
结构分析
【宾语从句】: we can judge how meaningful our lives are (宾语从句,作judge的宾语) by how many people we help (方式状语)
考点1:start 用法
讲解:start 动词,意为"开始;创办;启动"。
例:Class starts at 8 o'clock.(8点开始上课)
例:He started a company last year.(他去年创办了一家公司)
例:Can you start the car (你能发动汽车吗?)
考点2:judge 用法
讲解:作动词:判断;评判;断定;作名词:法官;裁判
常用搭配:
judge sb./sth. by/from sth.(根据某事判断某人/某事)
例:Don't judge a person by his appearance.(不要以貌取人)
judge sb./sth. to be...(判断某人/某事是……)
例:I judge him (to be) a man of great integrity.(我认为他是个非常正直的人。)
第三部分:意义探讨
原文3:Amy: Exactly. I'm amazed by her story. She said that people have to do something while they're alive(宾语从句). I think she's doing something really meaningful(宾语从句).
译文:埃米:正是如此。她的故事让我很震撼。她说人活着总得做点什么。我认为她在做非常有意义的事。
考点1:exactly 用法
讲解:exactly 副词,意为"确切地;正是如此;完全正确",用于表示同意或强调。
例:A: So you mean we should leave now B: Exactly.
(A:你的意思是我们现在该走了?B:正是)
考点2:be amazed by(对……感到惊讶/震撼)
讲解:amazed 形容词,意为"惊讶的;震惊的",be amazed by/at sth. 表"对某事感到惊讶/震撼"。
例:I am amazed at his progress.(我对他的进步感到惊讶)
例:His progress is amazing.(他的进步令人惊讶)
拓展:amaze(动词,使惊讶),amazement(名词,惊讶;惊奇)。
考点3:宾语从句的时态呼应
讲解:主句是一般过去时(said),宾语从句要用相应的过去时态。但如果从句表达的是客观真理或事实,必须用一般现在时。
例:He said the earth goes around the sun.(他说地球绕着太阳转,客观真理,用一般现在时)
本句中"人活着总得做点什么"是一种普遍的观点,所以用一般现在时 have to do 也可以。
考点4:have to(不得不;必须)
讲解:have to 表"不得不;必须",强调客观需要,有人称和时态变化。
例:We have to follow the rules.(我们必须遵守规则)
考点5:while 引导时间状语从句
讲解:while 连词,意为"当……时候;在……期间",引导时间状语从句,从句动词必须是延续性的。
例:Please keep quiet while others are studying.(别人学习时请保持安静)
例:I was reading while he was writing.(我在读书,他在写字)
第四部分:精神升华
原文4:Daniel: She's a great woman.
译文:丹尼尔:她是一位伟大的女性。
原文5:Amy: I love stories about people like Zhang Guimei(定语). I believe such stories can help us find purpose in life (宾语从句).
译文:埃米:我喜欢像张桂梅这样的人物故事。我相信这样的故事能帮助我们找到人生目标。
考点1:purpose 用法
讲解:purpose 名词,意为"目的;意图;目标"。
常用搭配:
the purpose of...(……的目的)
例:What is the purpose of the meeting (会议的目的是什么?)
on purpose(故意地)
例:He did it on purpose.(他故意做的)
for the purpose of(为了……的目的)
例:We are meeting for the purpose of discussing the new project plans.
(我们开会是为了讨论新的项目计划。)
拓展:purposeful(形容词,有目的的;有意义的)。
第五篇:A Meaningful Life(有意义的人生)
一、结构分析
本文采用“总起介绍—日常善举—更大善举—总结影响”的递进式结构,通过描述父亲在日常生活中乐于助人、献血、捐献遗体等事迹,展现了父亲有意义的人生,以及父亲对"我"的深远影响。
部分 结构作用 核心内容
第一部分(第1段) 总起介绍 父亲过着有意义的生活,他是个普通人,但很善良、乐于助人,每天都尽力帮助别人
第二部分(第2段) 日常善举 每当朋友或家人需要帮助时,他总是伸出援手;空闲时间照顾社区里的老人
第三部分(第3段) 更大善举 父亲不仅在日常生活中帮助人,还献血20多次,足以挽救约70条生命;甚至决定死后捐献遗体用于医学研究
第四部分(第4段) 总结与影响 父亲认为支持身边的人很有意义,他有一颗充满爱的心;我深受父亲影响,决心像他一样生活
二、文章详解
第一部分:总起介绍
原文1:I think my father has a very meaningful life(宾语从句).
译文:我认为我的父亲过着非常有意义的人生。
考点1:have a ... life(过着……的生活)
讲解:固定搭配,表"过着……的生活",life 名词,意为"生活;生命;人生"。
常见搭配:have a happy life(过着幸福的生活);have a hard life(过着艰苦的生活);have a simple life(过着简朴的生活);have a meaningful life(过着有意义的生活)
例:He has a happy life.(他过着幸福的生活)
拓展:live a ... life 也表示"过着……的生活",与 have a ... life 含义相近。
例:She lives a busy life. = She has a busy life.(她过着忙碌的生活)
考点2:meaningful 用法
讲解:meaningful 形容词,意为"有意义的;意味深长的"。
词形变化:
mean(意思是;意味着)→ meaning(意思;意义)→ meaningful(有意义的)→ meaningfully(有意义地)
反义词:meaningless(无意义的)
原文2:He is an ordinary man, but he is very kind and helpful.
译文:他是一个普通人,但他非常善良、乐于助人。
考点1:kind 用法
讲解:kind 可作形容词也可作名词。
作形容词:善良的;和蔼的;友好的;作名词:种类;类型
常见结构:
It's kind of sb. to do sth.(某人做某事真是太好了)
例:It's kind of you to help me.(你帮我真是太好了)
be kind to sb.(对某人友好)
例:He is kind to everyone.(他对每个人都很友好)
拓展:kindness(名词,善良;好意),kindly(副词,亲切地;友好地)。
考点2:helpful 用法
讲解:helpful 形容词,意为"有帮助的;乐于助人的"。
常见结构:
be helpful to sb.(对某人有帮助)
例:The dictionary is helpful to students.(这本词典对学生有帮助)
be helpful in doing sth.(在做某事方面有帮助)
例:She is helpful in organizing the party.(她在组织派对方面很有帮助)
原文3:Every day, he tries his best to help others.
译文:每天,他都尽最大努力帮助别人。
考点1:try one's best to do sth.(尽某人最大努力做某事)
讲解:固定短语,表"尽某人最大努力做某事",= do one's best to do sth.
例:I will try my best to help you.(我会尽最大努力帮助你)=I'll do my best to help you.
第二部分:日常善举
原文4:Whenever his friends or family need help (时间状语从句), he is always ready to lend a hand.
译文:每当他的朋友或家人需要帮助时,他总是乐于伸出援手。
考点1:whenever 引导时间状语从句
讲解:whenever 连词,意为"每当;无论何时",引导时间状语从句,= no matter when。
例:Whenever I see him, he is reading.(每当我看到他,他都在读书)
考点2:family 用法
讲解:family 名词,意为"家庭;家人"。
注意:family 作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于含义:
指"家庭"这个整体时,谓语用单数
指"家庭成员"时,谓语用复数
例(整体):My family is a big one.(我家是个大家庭)
例(成员):My family are all watching TV.(我家人都在看电视)
拓展:类似的集体名词还有 class, team, group, police 等。
考点3:be ready to do sth.(乐于做某事;准备好做某事)
讲解:固定短语,有两个含义:
乐于做某事;愿意做某事
准备好做某事
例(乐于):He is always ready to help others.(他总是乐于助人)
例(准备好):Are you ready to go (你准备好走了吗?)
拓展:be ready for sth.(为某事做好准备)
例:We are ready for the exam.(我们为考试做好了准备)
考点4:lend a hand(伸出援手;帮忙)
讲解:固定短语,表"帮忙;伸出援手",= help sb.
例:He always lends a hand when someone is in trouble.(当有人遇到困难时,他总是伸出援手)
拓展:与 hand 相关的短语
give sb. a hand(帮某人一把)
I can't understand this math problem. Can you give me a hand, teacher (我不懂这道数学题。老师,您能帮我讲讲吗?)
hand in hand(手拉手;联合)
I believe that we must move hand in hand in solving the problem of environmental pollution to create a bright future.(我认为我们必须携手解决环境问题以创造一个光明的未来。)
on the one hand...on the other hand...(一方面……另一方面……)
On the one hand, the job pays well; on the other hand, it requires long hours.(一方面,这份工作薪水不错;另一方面,它需要长时间工作。)
hand in(上交)
She handed in her test before leaving the room.(她在离开房间前交上了试卷。)
hand out(分发)
The teacher handed out the test papers.(老师分发了试卷。)
原文5:And it is normal for him to take care of old people in our neighbourhood in his free time.
译文:而且,在空闲时间照顾我们社区的老人对他来说是很平常的事。
考点1:take care of(照顾;照料)
讲解:固定短语,表"照顾;照料;处理",= look after。
例:She takes care of her sick mother.(她照顾生病的母亲)
考点2:in one's free time(在某人的空闲时间)
讲解:固定短语,表"在某人的空闲时间"。
例:I like reading in my free time.(我空闲时间喜欢读书)
第三部分:更大的善举
原文6:My father does not just help people in his everyday life.
译文:我父亲不仅仅在日常生活中帮助别人。
考点1:not just(不仅仅)
讲解:just 副词,意为"只是;仅仅",not just 表"不仅仅;不只是"。
例:He is not just a teacher, but also a friend.(他不仅仅是老师,还是朋友)
拓展:not just...but also... = not only...but also...(不但……而且……)
例:She is not just smart, but also hard-working.(她不但聪明,而且勤奋)
考点2:everyday life(日常生活)
讲解:everyday 形容词,意为"日常的;每天的",作定语修饰 life。
例:everyday life(日常生活); everyday English(日常英语); everyday activities(日常活动)
注意区分:everyday(形容词,日常的)与 every day(副词短语,每天)
例:I speak English every day in my everyday life.(我在日常生活中每天都说英语)
考点3:in one's life(在某人的生活中)
讲解:固定短语,表"在某人的生活中"。
例:Music is very important in my life.(音乐在我的生活中很重要)
例:He has met many interesting people in his life.(他一生中遇到过很多有趣的人)
拓展:all one's life(一生;一辈子)
例:She lived in the countryside all her life.(她一辈子都住在农村)
原文7:He has also donated blood more than 20 times.
译文:他还献血20多次了。
考点1:donate 用法
讲解:donate 动词,意为"捐赠;捐献"。
常见结构:
donate sth. to sb./sth.(把某物捐赠给某人/某机构)
例:He donated a lot of money to charity.(他向慈善机构捐了很多钱)
拓展:donation(名词,捐赠;捐款),donor(名词,捐赠者;献血者)。
考点2:time 表示"次数"
讲解:time 作"次数"讲时,是可数名词,复数形式 times。
常见搭配:
three times(三次);j many times(很多次); several times(几次); how many times(多少次)
例:I have been to Beijing three times.(我去过北京三次)
例:How many times have you read this book (这本书你读了多少次了?)
注意:
一次 = once
两次 = twice
三次及以上 = 基数词 + times
原文8:This is enough to save about 70 lives.
译文:这足以挽救大约70条生命。
考点1:about 表示"大约"
讲解:about 副词,意为"大约;左右",= around。
例:about 70 lives(大约70条生命)
例:It's about 5 o'clock.(大约5点钟)
考点2:life 表示"生命"
讲解:life 作"生命"讲时,是可数名词,复数形式 lives。
例(生命):save 70 lives(挽救70条生命)
原文9:Even his death will have meaning since he has decided to donate his body for medical research when he dies (原因状语从句).
译文:甚至他的死亡也将有意义,因为他已经决定死后将遗体捐献用于医学研究。
【原因状语从句】: since he has decided to donate his body for medical research (宾语) when he dies (时间状语从句)
考点1:since 引导原因状语从句
讲解:since 连词,意为"因为;既然",引导原因状语从句,表示已知的、显然的原因。
例:Since you are tired, you should rest.(既然你累了,就应该休息)
第四部分:总结与影响
原文10:My father believes it is meaningful to support those around you(宾语从句).
译文:我父亲认为,支持你身边的人是有意义的。
考点1:believe 引导宾语从句
讲解:believe 动词,意为"相信;认为",后可接宾语从句。
常见结构:
believe + that 从句(相信/认为……)
例:I believe (that) he is honest.(我相信他是诚实的)
believe sb.(相信某人的话)
例:"I didn't break the vase," she said, but nobody believed her. (“我没打碎花瓶,”她说,但没人相信她的话。)
believe in sb.(信任某人;信仰)
例:I believe in you! You can win this game! (我相信你!你能赢下这场比赛!)
考点2:support 用法
讲解:support 可作动词也可作名词,意为"支持;帮助;支撑"。
常见搭配:
support sb. in sth.(在某事上支持某人)
We all support the leader in carrying out the new policy.(我们都支持领导推行新政策。)
support one's family(养家糊口)
The salary is too low for him to support his family.(这份薪水对他来说太低了,不足以养家糊口。)
give support to sb.(支持某人)
She always gives support to her friends when they need it.
(当朋友需要时,她总是给予支持。)
原文11:He has a heart full of love (定语).
译文:他有一颗充满爱的心。
原文12:I am greatly influenced by my father and have made up my mind to live my life just like him.
译文:我深受父亲的影响,并且已经下定决心要像他一样生活。
考点1:influence 用法
讲解:influence 可作动词也可作名词,意为"影响;作用"。
常见搭配:
influence sb.(影响某人)
例(动词):My teacher influences me a lot.(我的老师对我影响很大)
have an influence on sb./sth.(对某人/某事有影响)
例:The Internet has a great influence on our life.(互联网对我们的生活有很大影响)
under the influence of(在……的影响下)
例:He became a writer under the influence of his father.(在父亲的影响下,他成了一名作家)
考点2:make up one's mind to do sth.(下定决心做某事)
讲解:固定短语,表"下定决心做某事",= decide to do sth.,语气更强。
例:I have made up my mind to study hard.(我已经下定决心努力学习)
拓展:类似的表达
decide to do sth.(决定做某事)
make a decision to do sth.(决定做某事)
be determined to do sth.(决心做某事)
考点3:just like(就像;正如)
讲解:固定短语,表"就像;正如",like 是介词。
例:just like him(就像他一样)
例:It looks just like a cat.(它看起来就像一只猫)
例:Just like his father, he is very tall.(就像他爸爸一样,他很高)
拓展:just as(就像;正如),后接从句。
例:Just as I said, he failed.(正如我所说,他失败了)

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