资源简介

宁夏回族自治区银川一中
2025-2026学年高一下学期期末考试英语试卷
阅读理解
A
Composition of E-Waste
Nowadays, e-waste is one of the world’s fastest-growing waste streams. Waste electronics contain harmful substances like lead and mercury, posing serious environmental and health risks.
However, e-waste also represents a valuable “urban mine”. It holds an estimated 31 million tonnes of metals, 17 million tonnes of plastics, and 14 million tonnes of glass. One tonne of circuit boards can contain up to 800 times more gold than a tonne of gold-bearing rocks. Despite this, less than 1% of rare earth elements are recycled.
Recycled e-waste is a valuable resource for sustainable manufacturing (制造业). Its metals, e.g. gold and copper, are reused in electronics, vehicles, and renewable energy systems. Recovered plastics find new life in durable products, while glass is processed into building materials. This circular (循环的) approach cuts energy use, reduces mining demand, and transforms waste into industrial resources, supporting both the economy and the environment.
The e-waste management market is projected to more than double by 2027. While 81 countries have adopted Extended Producer Responsibility laws, collection rates still fall behind policy goals.
To improve recycling, governments should strengthen EPR laws, and invest in facilities. Institutions can promote research and public awareness. Individuals should properly drop off e-waste at collection points, fix items rather than throw them away, and support brands with strong environmental commitments.
1. What percentage do screens and cables account for in all e-waste compositions
A．12%. B．14%. C．17%. D．60%.
2. What is a key advantage of e-waste compared to natural mines
A．It contains a greater variety of rare elements.
B．It provides more recoverable non-metals.
C．It can be richer in precious metals.
D．It works better as building materials.
3. What is suggested for individuals to help recycle e-waste
A．Invest in formal recycling facilities.
B．Launch public awareness campaigns.
C．Set clear personal take-back plans.
D．Choose repair over replacement.
B
Throughout our Junior year, my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay. Will the golden word “success” form in their minds when they review our achievements Or will they see the big word “fail” in red The shadow of this mysterious (神秘的) institution steals away what success means to us.
My first step of redefining success began with course registrations. It is a well-known fact, especially in my school, that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule. When asked why they chose so many AP classes, my friends responded: “I don’t know.” They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty. Therefore, they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged.
Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities. Determined to follow my instincts (本能) on what I felt success means, I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy. The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.
Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success; after I take a step back and look at the big picture, I see them as a launching pad (平台) for my next big achievement. In the ninth grade, I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl. Not standing a chance against competitive applicants, I came out of the interview with an upset look. Nevertheless, this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity. I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself.
This year, with an open mind and new knowledge in mind, I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior. I managed to secure a leadership position. Ultimately, success came little by little.
4. Throughout the Junior year, what was the author’s major concern
A．Pressure from choosing AP classes.
B．Performance in group interviews.
C．Competition with seniors.
D．Recognition by colleges.
5. The author chose fewer AP classes because of _______.
A．her own understanding of success
B．her desire for academic challenges
C．her strong urge to follow the crowd
D．her dream of entering a top university
6. Which would best describe the author’s first group interview
A．Dignifying. B．Rewarding. C．Engaging. D．Relaxing.
7. What can we learn from this passage
A．Everyone is the maker of their own success.
B．Success favours those with a golden heart.
C．Success knocks at your door only once.
D．A college holds the key to success.
C
Initial conversations can have a huge impact on how relationships develop over time. People are often stuck in the impressions they think they might have made the minute they finish speaking with someone for the first time: “Did they like me or were they just being polite ” “Were they deep in thought or deeply bored ”
To find out whether these worries are necessary, we have conducted nearly 10 years of research. In our studies, participants in the UK talked with someone they had never met before. Afterward, they were asked how much they liked their conversation partner and how much they believed that their conversation partner liked them. This allowed us to compare how much people believed they were liked to how much they were actually liked.
Time and time again, we found that people left their conversations with negative feelings about the impression they made. That is, people systematically underestimate how much their conversation partners like them and enjoy their company — a false belief we call the “liking gap”.
This bias (偏见) may seem like something that would occur only in initial interactions, but its effects extend far beyond a first impression. Surprisingly, the liking gap can constantly affect a variety of relationships, including interactions with coworkers, long after the initial conversations have taken place. Having a larger liking gap is associated with being less willing to ask workmates for help, less willing to provide workmates with open and honest feedback, and less willing to work on another project together.
There are numerous strategies to minimize your biased feelings. One place to start is shifting your focus of attention. Try to direct your attention to your conversation partner, be genuinely curious about them, ask them more questions, and really listen to their answers. The more you’re zeroed in on the other person, and the less you’re focused on yourself, the better your conversation will be and the less your mind will turn to all the things you think you didn’t do well.
8. Why did the author carry out 10 years of research
A．To dismiss national concerns.
B．To check out a potential bias.
C．To enhance human communication.
D．To develop harmonious relationships.
9. What is one effect of people’s liking gap
A．Fewer chances of new projects.
B．Underestimation of their ability.
C．Bad relationships with people around.
D．Low willingness to interact with others.
10. What does the author intend to do in the last paragraph
A．Restate opinions.
B．Deliver warnings.
C．Give suggestions.
D．Make a summary.
11. Which might be the best title for the text
A．Liking Gap May Influence Work Performances
B．First Impressions Rely On Initial Conversations
C．People Probably Like You More Than You Think
D．How People Like You Matters Less Than You Assume
D
In the early 2000s, David Baker, a professor at the University of Washington, devoted himself to the field of protein (蛋白质) design. He developed the Rosetta software, a significant breakthrough at that time. However, accurately predicting protein structures remained a huge challenge. The complex structures of proteins, determined by amino acid (氨基酸) orders, held numerous secrets that had puzzled scientists for decades, and unlocking them was the key to understanding life at a tiny particle level.
In 2016, at DeepMind, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper decided to address this problem. They gathered a team of brilliant minds and set out to develop an AI model for protein structure prediction. They analyzed massive protein data, studied how amino acids vary across homologous (同源的) proteins of different species, and integrated evolutionary information into the model. After years of efforts and experiments, they finally developed the AlphaFold2 model in 2020.
AlphaFold2 was revolutionary. It could predict the structures of almost all the 200 million known proteins with remarkable accuracy. Scientists around the world were amazed by its power as the work would otherwise take human beings tens of thousands of years to finish. With the help of AlphaFold2, researchers could now study antibiotic resistance (抗药性) more deeply and design enzymes (酶) that could break down plastics. By seeing the exact structure of proteins involved in defending bacteria, for example, drug developers could create medicines that outwit bacteria’s resistance strategies. And when it came to plastic-breaking enzymes, understanding their structure enabled scientists to work at their active sites for more efficient breakdown.
In 2024, the Nobel Committee awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry to David Baker, Demis Hassabis and John Jumper. Their work has not only uncovered protein structures but also opened up new horizons for the fields of medicine, biotechnology and materials science.
12. What was a major challenge in protein science before AlphaFold2
A．Determining amino acid orders of proteins.
B．Designing software like Rosetta for protein analysis.
C．Accurately figuring out the shapes of proteins.
D．Studying antibiotic resistance with AI models.
13. What made AlphaFold2 different from previous approaches
A．It relied only on experimental data from one species.
B．It used evolutionary information from homologous proteins.
C．It required thousands of years to complete the predictions.
D．It was developed by David Baker at the University of Washington.
14. What does the underlined word “outwit” in paragraph 3 most probably mean
A．Defeat. B．Strengthen. C．Copy. D．Ignore.
15. Which of the following best summarizes the main idea of the passage
A．Rosetta has contributed greatly to early protein research work.
B．AlphaFold2 is widely applied in medicine and material science.
C．Protein structure prediction enabled new scientific advances.
D．The Nobel Prize honored work on protein structure prediction.
二、七选五
In today’s world of digital distractions (分心物), the thought of taking your kids to an art gallery might seem a thankless and impossible challenge. Surely a child won’t have the patience to stare at something for long. 16.____.
Being exposed to art, however, holds profound significance for the development of young minds, both intellectually and emotionally. 17.____. Each painting, sculpture, or photograph in art galleries tells a story, inviting young viewers to interpret and connect with it on a personal level.
But with many kids being extremely picky eaters, and galleries seeming as appetizing as yesterday’s porridge, how can we get them to tuck (狂吃) in 18.____. I firmly believe art galleries can be great fun if we set out with the intention of making them so.
First, why not let your children enjoy art on their own terms Who said that walking around a gallery had to be slow, stopping to look at every picture 19.____. If they want to head straight for a certain display, let them. If something catches their eye on the other side of the room, that’s absolutely fine.
20.____. What really matters in a gallery is that children build a connection with art, for whatever reason. To encourage this, you can make it into a game, either with or without a reward, with simple questions like, “Who can guess the artist ” I did this many times with my children and always found it to enhance their interest.
A．Let them determine the pace
B．Make the art gallery fit in with your kids
C．Turning art into a game is another trick
D．The answer is to approach them with fresh eyes
E．It is a crying shame that they are least-visited attractions
F．It allows children opportunities to engage in diverse perspectives and cultures
G．It’s understandable to think of art galleries as anything but child-friendly places
三、完形填空
Compean was no stranger to Angeles National Forest; although he had hiked the park many times, the43-year-old mechanic was lost after exploring along a new path.
As dusk fell, his concern turned to 21.____. With no flashlight and less than ten percent battery on his phone, Compean was 22.____ for anything more than the two-hour hike he’d planned.
He climbed to a spot, some 7,000 feet above sea level, where he found a weak 23.____ and texted a friend, “SOS. My phone is going to 24.____. I’m lost,” attaching a photo of his dirty legs hanging over steep rocks.
The temperature dropped, and the winds pean 25.____ himself into a ball, using his backpack to protect his legs from the icy wind that 26.____ him.
Sixty miles away, Ben Kuo read a tweet attached an unclear 27.____. Since the search department had spent a night 28.____ looking for Compean, they released the photo to the 29.____, hoping someone might know the location.
Kuo, a tech worker with a hobby of identifying photo locations, 30.____ a satellite map on his laptop. Noticing bits of green plants, he 31.____ the search to the south side of a campground. After cross-referencing with Google Earth, he found the locations 32.____! He quickly called the department and soon,a search-and-rescue helicopter was in the air, flying high above Compean.
After spending 27 hours 33.____ in the wilderness, Compean cried, “I’m safe!” Days later, the two men met. “Maybe we’ ll go on a hike,” Compean 34.____. Getting serious, he told Kuo, “I owe you my 35.____.”
21. A．fear B．anger C．shock D．appreciation
22. A．ready B．unintended C．responsible D．unprepared
23. A．signal B．light C．voice D．password
24. A．erupt B．die C．restart D．crash
25. A．stretched B．struggled C．hugged D．threw
26. A．pounded B．kissed C．tapped D．refreshed
27. A．message B．image C．direction D．answer
28. A．fruitlessly B．efficiently C．effortlessly D．actively
29. A．team B．family C．public D．police
30. A．shut down B．drew up C．wiped out D．pulled up
31. A．narrowed B．continued C．repeated D．doubled
32. A．shifted B．disappeared C．matched D．renewed
33. A．alone B．freely C．alive D．specifically
34. A．promised B．cried C．demanded D．joked
35. A．explanation B．survival C．life D．apology
四、语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Last month, I had a misunderstanding with my best friend Lily, 36.____ I have known for ten years. She criticised me for 37.____ (not help) her with a project. I felt annoyed and said something thoughtless. Later, I realised that my words had hurt her. I felt a sense of 38.____ (embarrass) and didn’t know how to resolve the conflict. 39.____ (concern) about the present situation, I turned to my mother for help. My mother advised me 40.____ (take) a deep breath and calm down. She said, “If you apologise sincerely, she 41.____ (forgive) you.” I decided to write her a letter instead of texting. In the letter, I admitted my fault and promised to adjust my behaviour. I also told her that our friendship was 42.____ core of my social life. To my relief, she replied the next day. She said that she had overlooked her own mistakes too. We agreed to meet at a café and had a frank talk. In the end, we not only made up but also became closer. From this experience, I learned that communication is 43.____ (essential) than pride in maintaining relationships. I also realised that we should always treat others with kindness. 44.____ (fortunate), whenever I feel angry now, I remind 45.____ (I) to think before speaking.
五、单词拼写
46. Collecting unique _________ (纪念品) from national parks has deepened my appreciation for nature’s wonders and inspired me to protect our planet.
47. When Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time a________ to her new surroundings.
48. Oh, what a ________ (错综复杂的) web we weave, when first we practice to deceive.
49. I’ve booked flight tickets and accommodation based on the ________ (预算) we made so as to save money.
50. Lauren Bath q________ her job as a chef and chose a different profession.
51. The l________ that lines the route is beautiful and dramatic.
52. She appeared in a documentary aiming at highlighting the __________ (残忍) of dolphin hunting.
53. The less energy you use, the less carbon dioxide is r__________.
54. Smog can be dangerous because it causes _________ (严重的) breathing problems and infections.
55. We are writing this letter to call on everyone to take part in the Clear Plate c_________.
六、选词填空
用所给短语的正确形式完成句子，其中三个选项为多余选项。
to what extent raise one’s concerns get across break down take a deep breath live up to engage in make an impact on
56. _______________, calm down, and always remember: think first, speak later.
57. If you feel one of your teammates isn’t pulling their weight, then _______________ in a professional way with your team coach.
58. It takes hundreds of years for plastic to _______________, but much less time for paper.
59. _______________ can others’ advice influence you and your decision
60. I use my photography to _______________ people, especially when it comes to environmental issues.
七、书信写作
61. 你校将开展为期一周的“环保节”活动，作为班长，请你用英文向全班同学发出倡议，号召大家积极参加环保周活动。内容包括：
1. 活动目的和意义；
2. 活动主要内容（至少两项）；
3. 发出号召。
注意：
1. 写作词数不少于100词。
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Dear classmates/fellows,
___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Monitor
参考答案
阅读理解：1.B 2.C 3.D 4.D 5.A 6.B 7.A 8.B 9.D 10.C 11.C 12.C 13.B 14.A 15.C
七选五：16.G 17.F 18.D 19.A 20.C
完形填空：21.A 22.D 23.A 24.B 25.C 26.A 27.B 28.A 29.C 30.D 31.A 32.C 33.A 34.D 35.C
语法填空：36.who 37.not helping 38.embarrassment 39.Concerned 40.to take
41.will forgive 42.the 43.more essential 44.Fortunately 45.myself
单词拼写：46.souvenirs 47.adapting plex 49.budget 50.quit
51.landscape 52.cruelty 53.released 54.severe/serious 55.campaign
选词填空：56.Take a deep breath 57.raise your concerns 58.break down
59.To what extent 60.make an impact on
写作范文
Dear classmates,
Our school will hold a one-week Environmental Protection Festival next week. Its aim is to raise our awareness of environmental protection and encourage us to develop green living habits.
There will be many meaningful activities. We will hold a waste recycling exhibition, where we can turn plastic bottles and cardboard into handicrafts. Besides, a lecture about low-carbon life will be given by an environmental expert, teaching us simple ways to cut waste in daily life.
Protecting the environment is everyone’s duty. I hope all of us can take an active part in these activities and put green ideas into daily actions. Let’s work together to build a greener campus.
Monitor

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