资源简介 2026 外研版英语九上学霸预习单词批注Unit 1 单词批注Unit 1 单词全解析(短语/用法/搭配/例句/同义词)1. lady / le di/ n. 女士,女子核心用法可数名词,复数 ladies,是对女性的礼貌称呼,也可指举止优雅的淑女。常用搭配 & 短语ladies and gentlemen:女士们,先生们(正式场合开场用语)a lady of good taste:有品位的女士ladies' room:女洗手间old lady:(口语)母亲;老太太例句Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our school performance.(女士们先生们,欢迎来到我们的校园演出。)She is a true lady with perfect manners.(她是一位举止得体的真正淑女。)同义词madam(正式称呼)、woman(通用)、miss(年轻女性)2. gentleman / d entlm n/ n. 先生核心用法可数名词,复数 gentlemen,对应lady,指礼貌、有教养的男士,也用于正式称呼。常用搭配 & 短语ladies and gentlemen:女士们,先生们a true gentleman:真正的绅士gentleman's agreement:君子协定a gentleman of leisure:悠闲绅士(不工作的有钱人)例句The gentleman at the front desk helped me with my luggage.(前台的那位先生帮我拿了行李。)He behaved like a gentleman, even when he was angry.(即使生气,他也表现得像个绅士。)同义词sir(正式称呼)、mister(缩写 Mr.)、man(通用)puppet / p p t/ n.(牵线)木偶;布袋木偶,手偶核心用法可数名词,既指表演用的木偶,也可比喻“被他人操纵的人/傀儡”。常用搭配 & 短语puppet show/play:木偶戏hand puppet:手偶/布袋木偶puppet government:傀儡政府(比喻用法)pull the strings of a puppet:操控木偶/幕后操纵例句The children loved the colorful puppet show at the festival.(孩子们特别喜欢节日里那场色彩鲜艳的木偶戏。)He felt like a puppet, controlled by his overbearing boss.(他感觉自己像个傀儡,被强势的老板操控着。)同义词marionette(牵线木偶)、doll(玩偶)performer /p f m / n. 表演者核心用法可数名词,复数 performers,指在舞台上表演的人(歌手、演员、舞者等),也可指表现出色的事物。常用搭配 & 短语stage performer:舞台表演者lead performer:主演live performer:现场表演者star performer:表现突出的人/事物例句The performers practiced every day to prepare for the show.(表演者们每天练习,为演出做准备。)This phone is the star performer in the new product line.(这款手机是新产品线中表现最亮眼的。)同义词actor/actress(演员)、artist(艺术家)、entertainer(艺人)finger / f ɡ / n. 手指核心用法可数名词,复数 fingers,是身体部位,也可作动词表示“用手指触碰/指出”。常用搭配 & 短语keep one's fingers crossed:祈求好运on the tip of one's tongue:话到嘴边(和finger 搭配的常用变体:on the tip of one's fingers 了如指掌)point the finger at:指责/怪罪have a finger in every pie:什么事都插手on one's fingers:屈指可数例句She kept her fingers crossed that she would pass the exam.(她祈祷自己能通过考试。)Don't point the finger at others when you make a mistake.(犯错时别只会指责别人。)同义词digit(正式用语,指手指/脚趾)teenager / ti ne d / n. 青少年核心用法可数名词,指 13-19 岁的年轻人,常用作中性词,有时带“叛逆、冲动”的语境。常用搭配 & 短语teenager life:青少年生活a group of teenagers:一群青少年teenager problems:青少年问题teenager culture:青少年文化例句Many teenagers are interested in online games.(很多青少年都对网络游戏感兴趣。)As a teenager, she often argued with her parents.(青少年时期的她经常和父母吵架。)同义词youth(青年)、adolescent(青春期的少年)、youngster(年轻人)old-fashioned / ld f nd/ adj. 老式的,过时的核心用法形容词,可形容物品、观念、风格等“过时的”,也可带褒义指“守旧的、传统的”。常用搭配 & 短语old-fashioned clothes:老式衣服old-fashioned ideas:守旧的观念old-fashioned methods:过时的方法old-fashioned values:传统价值观(褒义)例句Her grandmother still uses an old-fashioned radio.(她奶奶还在用一台老式收音机。)He is a bit old-fashioned, but his ideas are still useful.(他有点守旧,但他的想法依然有用。)同义词outdated、out-of-date、traditional(中性/褒义)、obsolete(废弃的,程度更深)puppetry / p p tri/ n. 木偶表演艺术核心用法不可数名词,指木偶表演的艺术形式、技艺,也可指木偶制作/表演的行业。常用搭配 & 短语traditional puppetry:传统木偶戏Chinese puppetry:中国木偶戏puppetry performance:木偶表演puppetry art:木偶艺术例句Puppetry has a long history in China.(木偶戏在中国有着悠久的历史。)She learned puppetry from her grandfather.(她从爷爷那里学了木偶表演艺术。)同义词puppet theatre、marionette artunless / n les/ conj. 除非……核心用法连词,引导条件状语从句,相当于“if...not”,从句常用一般现在时表将来。常用搭配 & 短语unless otherwise stated:除非另有说明unless you try:除非你尝试unless it rains:除非下雨例句You won't pass the exam unless you study hard.(除非你努力学习,否则你通不过考试。)We will go hiking tomorrow unless it rains.(除非下雨,否则我们明天就去远足。)同义词/替换表达if...not(最常用替换)、except if(语气更正式)performance /p f m ns/ n. 表演;演出核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 performances,既指舞台演出,也可指“表现、业绩、性能”。常用搭配 & 短语live performance:现场演出stage performance:舞台表演academic performance:学业表现work performance:工作业绩give a performance:进行一场表演例句The school will hold a musical performance next week.(学校下周将举办一场音乐演出。)Her performance in the exam was much better than last time.(她这次的考试表现比上次好很多。)同义词show(演出)、act(表演)、presentation(展示/表现)、execution(执行/表现)blood /bl d/ n. 血,血液核心用法不可数名词,也可引申为“血统、家族、脾气”。常用搭配 & 短语give blood:献血blood type:血型cold-blooded:冷血的;冷酷的warm-blooded:温血的;热情的in cold blood:冷血地;蓄意地blood pressure:血压例句The nurse took a sample of his blood for the test.(护士取了他的血样做检查。)He killed the animal in cold blood, which shocked everyone.(他冷血地杀了那只动物,震惊了所有人。)同义词lifeblood(比喻,命脉)、plasma(血浆,专业术语)perform /p f m/ v. 表演,演出核心用法动词,可作及物/不及物动词,既指舞台表演,也指“执行、完成、表现”。常用搭配 & 短语perform on stage:在舞台上表演perform a play:表演戏剧perform a task:完成任务perform well/badly:表现好/差perform surgery:做手术例句She will perform a song at the party tonight.(她今晚要在派对上唱一首歌。)The team performed very well in the competition.(这支队伍在比赛中表现得非常出色。)同义词act(表演)、execute(执行)、carry out(完成)、stage(上演)edge /ed / n. 边缘核心用法可数/不可数名词,也可作动词表示“缓缓移动”;引申义为“优势、锋利度”。常用搭配 & 短语on the edge of:在……的边缘on the edge of one's seat:极为激动、紧张take the edge off:减弱,缓和have an edge over:比……有优势cutting edge:前沿,尖端例句She stood on the edge of the cliff, looking down at the sea.(她站在悬崖边,俯瞰大海。)The movie was so exciting that I was on the edge of my seat the whole time.(这部电影太刺激了,我全程都看得紧张又投入。)同义词border(边界)、rim(边缘,圆形物体)、brink(边缘,危险的)、verge(临界点)viewer / vju / n. 观看者核心用法可数名词,复数 viewers,指观看电视、演出、视频的观众,也可指 “观察者”。常用搭配 & 短语TV viewers:电视观众online viewers:线上观众live viewers:现场观众the viewer's perspective:观众视角例句The show has over 10 million viewers every week.(这个节目每周有超过 1000 万观众。)The painting invites the viewer to think about the meaning of life.(这幅画引发观者思考生命的意义。)同义词audience(听众/观众,集体名词)、spectator(现场观众)、watcher(观看者)creativity / kri e t v ti/ n. 独创性,创造性,创造力核心用法不可数名词,指创造新事物的能力,形容词形式为 creative。常用搭配 & 短语develop creativity:培养创造力artistic creativity:艺术创造力lack creativity:缺乏创意encourage creativity:鼓励创新例句Art class helps children develop their creativity.(美术课能帮助孩子培养创造力。)The company values creativity more than strict rules.(这家公司比起死板的规则,更看重创造力。)同义词originality(独创性)、imagination(想象力)、innovation(创新)volunteer / v l n t / n. 志愿者核心用法可数名词,也可作动词表示“自愿做某事”,形容词形式为 voluntary。常用搭配 & 短语community volunteer:社区志愿者volunteer work:志愿工作volunteer to do sth.:自愿做某事volunteer for:主动申请/自愿参加例句She works as a volunteer at the local hospital on weekends.(她周末在当地医院做志愿者。)He volunteered to help clean the park.(他主动帮忙打扫公园。)同义词helper(帮手)、donor(捐赠者,侧重物质)、participant(参与者)artist / ɑ t st/ n. 艺术家核心用法可数名词,复数 artists,指从事艺术创作的人(画家、音乐家、演员等),也可指“能手、大师”。常用搭配 & 短语a famous artist:著名艺术家street artist:街头艺人visual artist:视觉艺术家a makeup artist:化妆师例句Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world.(毕加索是世界上最著名的艺术家之一。)She is an artist with words—her writing is always beautiful.(她是文字大师,她的文字总是很美。)同义词creator(创作者)、painter(画家)、musician(音乐家,特指艺术领域时)group /ɡru p/ n. 组,群;团体核心用法可数名词,复数 groups,也可作动词表示“分组、聚集”。常用搭配 & 短语a group of:一群/一组work in groups:分组合作group discussion:小组讨论interest group:兴趣小组age group:年龄组例句We were divided into small groups for the project.(我们被分成了几个小组来做这个项目。)A group of students are waiting at the school gate.(一群学生正在校门口等着。)同义词team(团队)、crew(团队,侧重工作)、gang(帮派,贬义)、band(乐队/团伙)creator /kri e t / n. 创作者;创造者核心用法可数名词,复数形式为 creators,指创造、创作某物的人,也可特指造物主。常用搭配 & 短语content creator:内容创作者(短视频/自媒体领域)the creator of sth.:某物的创作者/缔造者the Creator:造物主(大写,特指上帝)game creator:游戏创作者例句She is the creator of this popular comic series.(她是这部热门漫画系列的创作者。)The creator of this new app is only 19 years old.(这款新应用的开发者只有 19 岁。)同义词inventor(发明者)、author(作者)、founder(创始人)、maker(制作者)kill /k l/ v. 弄死,杀死核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 killed,现在分词 killing;除了“杀死”,口语中还可表示“消磨时间”“使……停止”。常用搭配 & 短语kill time:消磨时间kill two birds with one stone:一石二鸟,一举两得kill oneself:自杀(正式场合慎用,可用take one's life)kill the mood:破坏气氛kill off:消灭;杀光例句The hunter killed a deer in the forest.(猎人在森林里猎杀了一只鹿。)We played cards to kill time while waiting for the train.(等火车的时候我们打牌消磨时间。)同义词slay(书面/文学)、murder(谋杀,强调故意)、eliminate(消灭,正式)、destroy(摧毁)scarecrow / ske kr / n. 稻草人核心用法可数名词,复数 scarecrows,指农田里用来吓走鸟类的稻草人,也可比喻“衣衫褴褛的人”。常用搭配 & 短语like a scarecrow:像个稻草人(形容衣着邋遢)make a scarecrow:扎稻草人scarecrow in the field:田里的稻草人例句The farmer put a scarecrow in the cornfield to keep the birds away.(农夫在玉米地里放了个稻草人来驱赶鸟。)After working in the rain all day, he looked like a wet scarecrow.(在雨里忙了一天,他看起来像个落汤鸡一样邋遢。)同义词straw man(也可指“稻草人”,也可引申为“稻草人论证”)educator / ed uke t / n. 教育家核心用法可数名词,复数 educators,指从事教育工作的人,尤指资深教育者、教育学家。常用搭配 & 短语a famous educator:著名教育家early childhood educator:幼儿教育工作者professional educator:专业教育者educator and mentor:教育者兼导师例句My teacher is not just a tutor, but a true educator.(我的老师不只是个教书的,更是一位真正的教育者。)As an educator, she always puts her students first.(作为一名教育工作者,她总是把学生放在第一位。)同义词teacher(教师)、instructor(讲师)、tutor(导师)、educationist(教育学家,英式)youth /ju θ/ n. 青年,年轻人核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数形式 youths;既指“年轻人(群体/个体)”,也可指“青春时期”。常用搭配 & 短语in one's youth:在某人年轻时the youth of today:当代青年youth culture:青年文化youth group:青年团体youthful spirit:朝气(形容词形式youthful)例句She spent her youth traveling around the world.(她年轻时环游了世界。)The youth of this country are full of energy and new ideas.(这个国家的年轻人充满活力和新想法。)同义词teenager(青少年)、adolescent(青春期少年)、youngster(年轻人)、 young people(复数)inspire / n spa / v. 鼓舞,激励核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 inspired,现在分词 inspiring;可表示“激励、鼓舞”,也可表示“赋予灵感”。常用搭配 & 短语inspire sb. to do sth.:激励某人做某事inspire confidence/trust:激发信心/信任inspire awe:令人敬畏inspire creativity:激发创造力be inspired by:被……启发/鼓舞例句Her story inspired many people to pursue their dreams.(她的故事激励了很多人去追逐梦想。)The beautiful scenery inspired the painter to create a new work.(美丽的风景给了画家创作新作品的灵感。)同义词encourage(鼓励)、motivate(激励)、stimulate(激发)、uplift(鼓舞)lie /la / v. 存在,在于;躺;说谎核心用法动词,有多个义项,注意区分不同含义的时态变化:表示“躺/位于”:过去式 lay,过去分词 lain,现在分词 lying表示“说谎”:过去式/过去分词 lied,现在分词 lying常用搭配 & 短语lie in:在于;存在于;睡懒觉lie down:躺下lie on the ground:躺在地上tell a lie:说谎lie ahead:即将来临例句The key to success lies in hard work and patience.(成功的关键在于努力和耐心。)He lied to his parents about where he had been.(他向父母谎称自己去了哪里。)同义词exist(存在)、rest(躺)、deceive(欺骗,说谎)intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj. 有智慧的,聪明的,悟性强的核心用法形容词,可形容人、动物、事物,强调“理解力强、有智慧”,比单纯的“clever”更侧重理性思维。常用搭配 & 短语intelligent person:聪明的人intelligent animal:有智慧的动物intelligent design:智能设计intelligent answer:巧妙的回答highly intelligent:非常聪明例句She is an intelligent student who learns new things quickly.(她是个悟性很高的学生,学东西很快。)Dolphins are known to be highly intelligent creatures.(海豚被公认为是高智商的生物。)同义词clever(机灵的)、smart(聪明的,口语常用)、wise(明智的,侧重阅历)、brilliant(才华横溢的)wealthy / welθi/ adj. 富有的;富裕的核心用法形容词,比较级 wealthier,最高级 wealthiest,侧重“拥有大量财富的”,也可引申为“丰富的”。常用搭配 & 短语a wealthy family:富裕的家庭wealthy people:有钱人wealthy in sth.:在某方面很丰富financially wealthy:经济上富裕例句He comes from a wealthy family and never has to worry about money.(他出身富裕家庭,从来不用为钱发愁。)The region is wealthy in natural resources.(这个地区自然资源丰富。)同义词rich(富有的,通用)、affluent(富裕的,正式)、prosperous(繁荣的)、well-off(家境殷实的)independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 自立的;独立的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 independence;可形容人、国家、机构,强调“不依赖他人/他方”。常用搭配 & 短语independent of:独立于……;不依赖……independent country:独立国家independent life:独立生活become independent:变得独立financially independent:经济独立例句She moved out to live an independent life when she was 18.(她 18 岁就搬出去过独立生活了。)The country became independent in 1947.(这个国家于 1947 年独立。)同义词self-reliant(自立的)、autonomous(自治的)、self-sufficient(自给自足的)、free(自由的)burst /b st/ v. 冲,闯;(使)爆裂核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 burst,现在分词 bursting;也可作名词表示“爆发、一阵”。常用搭配 & 短语burst into tears/laughter:突然哭/笑起来burst out of:冲出burst into:闯入;突然……起来burst with joy:欣喜若狂burst open:突然打开例句The balloon burst when I sat on it.(我一坐上去,气球就爆了。)She burst into the room with a big smile.(她笑着冲进了房间。)同义词explode(爆炸)、break(破裂)、rush(冲)、erupt(爆发,尤指火山/情绪)hidden / h dn/ adj. 隐藏的,隐秘的核心用法形容词,由动词hide(隐藏)的过去分词转化而来,形容事物“看不见的、被藏起来的”。常用搭配 & 短语hidden danger:隐患hidden treasure:宝藏hidden meaning:隐含的意思hidden talent:不为人知的才能hidden behind:藏在……后面例句There is a hidden door behind the bookshelf.(书架后面有一扇暗门。)The problem has a hidden side that no one has noticed.(这个问题有没人注意到的隐藏面。)同义词secret(秘密的)、concealed(隐藏的)、invisible(看不见的)、obscure(模糊的)scaled /ske ld/ adj. 有鳞的核心用法形容词,由动词 scale(刮鳞;测量)转化而来,指物体表面有鳞片(尤指动物)。常用搭配 & 短语scaled animals:有鳞动物scaled skin:带鳞的皮肤scaled reptiles:有鳞爬行动物例句Fish and snakes are scaled creatures.(鱼和蛇都是有鳞生物。)The scaled surface of the lizard helps it move smoothly.(蜥蜴带鳞的皮肤能帮助它顺畅移动。)同义词squamate(专业术语,指有鳞的爬行动物)claw /kl / n. 爪核心用法可数名词,复数 claws,指动物的爪子,也可作动词表示“用爪抓/撕”。常用搭配 & 短语cat's claw:猫爪claw at:用爪抓/挠claw one's way up:艰难地往上爬sharp claws:锋利的爪子例句The cat sharpened its claws on the tree.(猫在树上磨爪子。)She clawed at the door, trying to get out.(她抓挠着门,想要出去。)同义词paw(爪子,尤指猫狗等哺乳动物)、talon(猛禽的利爪)wildly / wa ldli/ adv. 激动地核心用法副词,由形容词 wild(狂野的)转化而来,可表示“激动地、失控地、极度地”。常用搭配 & 短语wave wildly:疯狂挥手cheer wildly:热烈欢呼be wildly excited:极度兴奋run wildly:狂奔例句The fans cheered wildly when the team won.(球队获胜时,球迷们疯狂欢呼。)She waved wildly to get his attention.(她拼命挥手想引起他的注意。)同义词fiercely(猛烈地)、frantically(疯狂地)、excitedly(激动地)roar /r / v. 吼叫,呼啸核心用法动词/名词,过去式/过去分词 roared,现在分词 roaring;指动物吼叫、风/机器呼啸,也可指人“大喊大叫”。常用搭配 & 短语roar with laughter:放声大笑roar at:对……大吼the roar of the wind:风的呼啸声lion's roar:狮吼例句The lion roared loudly in the zoo.(狮子在动物园里大声吼叫。)He roared with laughter at the joke.(他听了那个笑话放声大笑。)同义词howl(嚎叫)、bellow(吼叫)、shout(大喊)、rumble(轰鸣)valley / v li/ n. 谷;山谷核心用法可数名词,复数 valleys,指两山之间的低地,也可引申为“低谷(人生/事业的低潮期)”。常用搭配 & 短语mountain valley:山谷the Nile Valley:尼罗河流域in the valley of despair:在绝望的低谷valley floor:谷底例句We hiked through the beautiful valley at sunrise.(日出时我们徒步穿过了美丽的山谷。)She was in a valley of despair after losing her job.(失业后她陷入了人生的低谷。)同义词gorge(峡谷)、canyon(大峡谷)、ravine(沟壑)、basin(盆地)scare /ske / v. 使惊恐,吓唬核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 scared,现在分词 scaring;也可作名词表示“惊吓”,形容词形式为 scared(害怕的)、scary(吓人的)。常用搭配 & 短语scare sb. into doing sth.:吓得某人做某事scare away/off:吓跑scare sb. to death:把某人吓死be scared of:害怕……例句The sudden noise scared the little girl.(突然的噪音吓到了小女孩。)The loud noise scared the birds away.(巨大的声响把鸟吓跑了。)同义词frighten(使害怕)、terrify(使恐惧,程度更深)、startle(使受惊)、alarm(使警觉)eagle / i ɡ l/ n. 鹰核心用法可数名词,复数 eagles,指鹰类猛禽,常象征“力量、自由、远见”。常用搭配 & 短语bald eagle:白头海雕(美国国鸟)golden eagle:金雕eagle eye:锐利的目光/敏锐的观察力spread one's eagle wings:展翅高飞例句The eagle soared high above the mountains.(鹰在群山之上高空翱翔。)She has an eagle eye for mistakes in her work.(她对工作中的错误有着敏锐的观察力。)同义词hawk(鹰/隼,泛指猛禽)、falcon(猎鹰)wing /w / n. 翅膀,翼核心用法可数名词,复数 wings,指鸟类/昆虫的翅膀,也可作动词表示“飞;飞奔”。常用搭配 & 短语spread one's wings:展翅高飞;大展宏图on the wings of:乘着……的翅膀take wing:起飞;逃走wing it:即兴发挥,临时应付例句The bird flapped its wings and flew away.(鸟儿扇动翅膀飞走了。)After college, she moved abroad to spread her wings.(大学毕业后,她出国去闯荡世界了。)同义词feather(羽毛,不特指翅膀)、appendage(附肢,生物学术语)dust /d st/ n. 灰尘,尘埃核心用法不可数名词,也可作动词表示“除尘;扬起灰尘”。常用搭配 & 短语a speck of dust:一粒灰尘dust off:掸去灰尘;重新使用bite the dust:倒下;被打败gather dust:落满灰尘;被闲置例句The old books were covered in dust.(旧书上落满了灰尘。)She dusted the furniture before the guests arrived.(客人来之前她掸掉了家具上的灰尘。)同义词dirt(污垢)、grime(污垢,更顽固)、powder(粉末状物质)tender / tend / adj. 娇嫩的,幼嫩的,易损坏的核心用法形容词,比较级 tenderer,最高级 tenderest;可形容食物、皮肤、情感,也可表示“温柔的、脆弱的”。常用搭配 & 短语tender meat:嫩肉tender skin:娇嫩的皮肤tender care:细心呵护tender age:幼年tender love and care:温柔的关爱例句The baby's skin is very tender.(婴儿的皮肤非常娇嫩。)She spoke to the child in a tender voice.(她用温柔的声音和孩子说话。)同义词soft(柔软的)、delicate(脆弱的)、gentle(温柔的)、young(年幼的)Unit 2 单词批注tin /t n/ n. 罐头;金属盒核心用法可数名词,复数 tins,英式英语常用,美式英语多用 can 表示“罐头”;也可作形容词表示“锡制的”。常用搭配 & 短语a tin of:一听/一罐……tin can:金属罐头盒tin box:金属盒tin foil:锡纸,铝箔纸tin opener:开罐器例句She bought a tin of tuna for lunch.(她买了一罐金枪鱼当午餐。)The cookies are kept in a decorated tin box.(饼干被装在一个装饰过的金属盒里保存。)同义词can(美式,罐头)、container(容器)、metal box(金属盒)2. spare /spe / adj. 备用的;多余的,闲置的核心用法形容词,也可作动词表示“抽出(时间/精力)、饶恕”。常用搭配 & 短语spare time:空闲时间spare key:备用钥匙spare parts:备用零件spare no effort:不遗余力spare sb.'s feelings:不伤害某人的感情have sth. to spare:有多余的某物例句Do you have a spare pen I can borrow (你有多余的笔可以借我吗?)Can you spare me five minutes I need to talk to you.(你能抽出五分钟吗?我想和你谈谈。)同义词extra(额外的)、unused(未使用的)、backup(备用的)、surplus(剩余的)piggy bank 储蓄罐核心用法固定短语,常指造型为小猪的存钱罐,尤指儿童用储蓄罐,也可泛指“个人积蓄”。常用搭配 & 短语break the piggy bank:打碎储蓄罐(比喻动用积蓄)put coins into a piggy bank:把硬币放进储蓄罐a ceramic piggy bank:陶瓷储蓄罐例句My little sister has a pink piggy bank on her desk.(我妹妹的书桌上有一个粉色的小猪储蓄罐。)I had to break my piggy bank to buy the new bike.(为了买新自行车,我不得不动用了自己的积蓄。)同义词money box(存钱罐,通用)、coin bank(储钱罐)size /sa z/ n. 大小,尺寸核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 sizes;也可作动词表示“按大小分类;调整尺寸”。常用搭配 & 短语take the size of:测量……的尺寸the same size as:和……一样大small/medium/large size:小/中/大号full size:全尺寸,标准尺寸one size fits all:均码,通用cut sb. down to size:挫某人的锐气例句What size shoes do you wear (你穿多大码的鞋?)The size of the city has doubled in the last ten years.(这座城市的规模在过去十年里扩大了一倍。)同义词dimension(尺寸,正式)、measurement(测量值)、scale(规模)dreamland / dri ml nd/ n. 梦境,理想世界核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 dreamlands,既指“梦境”,也可比喻“世外桃源、理想乡”。常用搭配 & 短语escape into dreamland:逃进梦境live in a dreamland:活在理想世界里a peaceful dreamland:宁静的梦境例句She felt like she was in a beautiful dreamland when she woke up.(醒来时她感觉自己仿佛置身于一个美丽的梦境。)The small town is like a dreamland far away from the busy city.(这个小镇就像远离喧嚣城市的世外桃源。)同义词fantasyland(幻想世界)、utopia(乌托邦,理想国)、wonderland(仙境)manage / m n d / v. 终于做成,设法做到;管理核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 managed,现在分词 managing;核心义为 “成功做到”,也可表示“管理、经营”。常用搭配 & 短语manage to do sth.:设法做成某事(强调成功)manage a company:管理一家公司manage on one's own:独立应付manage one's time:管理时间manage without:在没有……的情况下应付过去例句She managed to finish the report before the deadline.(她终于在截止日期前完成了报告。)He manages a small restaurant in the city center.(他在市中心经营着一家小餐馆。)同义词succeed(成功做到)、run(经营)、handle(应付)、administer(管理,正式)laptop / l pt p/ n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑核心用法可数名词,复数 laptops,指可以放在膝盖上使用的便携式电脑。常用搭配 & 短语a new laptop:新笔记本电脑laptop bag:电脑包laptop computer:笔记本电脑(完整说法)on one's laptop:在笔记本电脑上例句She carries her laptop to work every day.(她每天都带着笔记本电脑去上班。)The student uses a laptop to take notes in class.(这个学生用笔记本电脑在课堂上记笔记。)同义词notebook computer(笔记本电脑)、portable computer(便携式电脑)budget / b d t/ v. 编制预算;n. 预算核心用法动词/名词,动词过去式/过去分词 budgeted,现在分词 budgeting;核心义为“规划开支、做预算”。常用搭配 & 短语make a budget:制定预算budget for:为……做预算on a tight budget:预算紧张family budget:家庭预算budget one's time:规划时间例句We need to budget our money carefully this month.(这个月我们得仔细规划开支。)The company has a large budget for new projects.(这家公司有一大笔新项目预算。)同义词plan(规划)、allocate(分配)、estimate(估算)exactly / ɡ z ktli/ adv. 正是,一点不错;精确地核心用法副词,可表示“完全正确”,也可表示“精确地、恰好地”。常用搭配 & 短语exactly right:完全正确exactly what I want:正是我想要的not exactly:不完全是exactly the same:完全一样例句"Is this your book " "Yes, exactly!"(“这是你的书吗?”“对,一点不错!”)The train arrived exactly on time.(火车准点到达,一分不差。)同义词precisely(精确地)、absolutely(完全地)、correctly(正确地)rate /re t/ v. 对……做评估,评价;n. 比率,等级核心用法动词/名词,动词过去式/过去分词 rated,现在分词 rating;核心义为“评价、定级”,也可表示“比率、速度”。常用搭配 & 短语rate sb./sth. highly:高度评价某人/某物rate as:被评为……heart rate:心率success rate:成功率at a high rate:以高速/高频率例句Critics rated the movie as one of the best of the year.(评论家把这部电影评为年度最佳影片之一。)The interest rate on the loan is 5%.(这笔贷款的利率是 5%。)同义词evaluate(评估)、rank(定级)、assess(评价)、speed(速度)pleasure / ple / n. 愉快,快乐;满足核心用法不可数名词(表抽象快乐)/可数名词(表乐事),也可用于礼貌用语。常用搭配 & 短语with pleasure:乐意效劳(回应请求)my pleasure:不客气(回应感谢)take pleasure in:以……为乐for pleasure:为了消遣give sb. pleasure:给某人带来快乐例句It's a pleasure to meet you.(很高兴认识你。)She takes great pleasure in reading.(她以阅读为一大乐事。)同义词joy(快乐)、delight(喜悦)、happiness(幸福)、enjoyment(享受)inference / nf r ns/ n. 推论,推断的结果核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 inferences,指根据事实得出的结论、推断。常用搭配 & 短语draw/make an inference:作出推断logical inference:逻辑推理based on inference:基于推断例句We can make an inference from his words that he is not happy.(从他的话里我们可以推断出他不开心。)The scientist's inference was later proven to be correct.(这位科学家的推断后来被证明是正确的。)同义词conclusion(结论)、deduction(演绎推理)、assumption(假设)account / ka nt/ n. 账户;账目;解释核心用法可数名词,复数 accounts;也可作动词表示“解释、认为”。常用搭配 & 短语bank account:银行账户take into account:考虑到on account of:因为,由于account for:解释;占(比例)open an account:开户例句I opened a new savings account at the bank.(我在银行开了一个新的储蓄账户。)Bad weather accounts for the delay of the flight.(恶劣天气是航班延误的原因。)同义词record(记录)、explanation(解释)、statement(账目)saving / se v / n. 积蓄;存钱;节省核心用法不可数名词(表“节省”)/复数形式 savings(表“积蓄、存款”),动词形式为save。常用搭配 & 短语life savings:毕生积蓄savings account:储蓄账户energy saving:节能make savings:存钱例句She put all her savings into the bank.(她把所有积蓄都存进了银行。)The new car will bring us a big saving on fuel.(这辆新车能帮我们省下一大笔油钱。)同义词funds(资金)、deposit(存款)、economy(节省)habit / h b t/ n. 习惯核心用法可数名词,复数 habits,指长期养成的行为模式,可指好习惯也可指坏习惯。常用搭配 & 短语develop/form a habit:养成习惯get into the habit of:养成……的习惯break a habit:改掉习惯good/bad habit:好/坏习惯out of habit:出于习惯例句It's a good habit to brush your teeth twice a day.(每天刷两次牙是个好习惯。)He still bites his nails out of habit, even as an adult.(即使成年了,他还是会习惯性地咬指甲。)同义词custom(风俗/习惯,侧重社会/群体)、routine(日常惯例)、practice(惯例/做法)value / v lju / n. 价值;v. 重视核心用法名词(不可数/可数),也可作动词表示“重视、珍视”;形容词形式为 valuable(有价值的)。常用搭配 & 短语the value of:……的价值place value on:重视……moral values:道德价值观value for money:物有所值value one's time:珍惜时间例句The value of this old painting is very high.(这幅古画的价值非常高。)She values honesty above everything else.(她把诚实看得比什么都重要。)同义词worth(价值)、importance(重要性)、treasure(珍视)、cherish(珍惜)unlike / n la k/ prep. 不像……,和……不同;adj. 不同的核心用法介词,也可作形容词表示“不同的”,反义词为 like(像……)。常用搭配 & 短语unlike sb./sth.:与某人/某物不同unlike most people:和大多数人不一样unlike anything before:前所未有的例句Unlike her sister, she loves sports.(和她姐姐不同,她很喜欢运动。)This is an unlike situation that we've never faced before.(这是一种我们从未遇到过的特殊情况。)同义词different from(与……不同)、contrary to(与……相反)date /de t/ n. 日期,日子;v. 注明日期;约会核心用法可数名词,复数 dates;也可作动词表示“写日期、约会、追溯到”。常用搭配 & 短语out of date:过时的;过期的up to date:最新的;现代化的set a date:定日期go on a date:去约会date back to:追溯到例句What's the date today (今天是几号?)The tradition dates back to the 18th century.(这个传统可以追溯到 18 世纪。)同义词day(日子)、appointment(约会/约定)、day of the month(日期)sale /se l/ n. 出售,销售;廉价销售核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 sales,可指“销售行为”,也可指“大减价”。常用搭配 & 短语on sale:有售;廉价销售for sale:待售sales department:销售部end-of-season sale:季末大减价make a sale:做成一笔生意例句The new phone will go on sale next week.(这款新手机下周开售。)I bought this dress at a 50% sale.(这条裙子是我在五折大减价时买的。)同义词selling(销售)、discount(折扣/减价)、deal(交易/买卖)T-shirt / ti t/ n. T 恤(衫)核心用法可数名词,复数 T-shirts,指短袖圆领的棉质上衣。常用搭配 & 短语cotton T-shirt:棉质T 恤printed T-shirt:印花T 恤wear a T-shirt:穿T 恤plain T-shirt:纯色T 恤例句He wears a blue T-shirt and jeans every day.(他每天都穿蓝色T 恤和牛仔裤。)The school gave us custom T-shirts for the event.(学校为这次活动给我们发了定制T 恤。)同义词tee(口语,简称)、tee shirt(完整说法)quick /kw k/ adj. 快的;快速的;adv. 快速地核心用法形容词,也可作副词表示“快速地”,副词形式更常用 quickly。常用搭配 & 短语have a quick look:快速看一眼quick learner:学得快的人quick meal:快餐be quick to do sth.:立刻做某事as quick as lightning:快如闪电例句She gave a quick answer to the question.(她很快就回答了这个问题。)Can you be quick We don't have much time.(你能快点吗?我们时间不多了。)同义词fast(快的)、rapid(迅速的)、swift(敏捷的)、speedy(快速的)website / websa t/ n. 网站核心用法可数名词,复数 websites,指互联网上的站点。常用搭配 & 短语visit a website:访问网站official website:官方网站create a website:创建网站website address:网址on the website:在网站上例句You can find all the information on our website.(你可以在我们的网站上找到所有信息。)The company launched a new website last month.(这家公司上个月上线了新网站。)同义词site(简称)、web page(网页,更侧重单页)organiser / ɡ na z / n. 组织者,安排者核心用法可数名词,复数 organisers(英式拼写,美式拼作 organizer),动词形式为organise/organize。常用搭配 & 短语event organiser:活动组织者professional organiser:专业组织者the main organiser:主要组织者organiser of the party:派对的组织者例句She is the organiser of the school sports day.(她是学校运动会的组织者。)The conference organisers did a great job.(会议的组织者们做得非常出色。)同义词planner(策划者)、coordinator(协调者)、arranger(安排者)dollar / d l / n. 美元核心用法可数名词,复数 dollars,也可指其他国家的“元”货币(如澳元、加元)。常用搭配 & 短语US dollar:美元ten dollars:十美元dollar bill:美钞dollar sign ($):美元符号bet one's bottom dollar:打包票,确信无疑例句This book costs 20 dollars.(这本书售价 20 美元。)The US dollar is widely used in international trade.(美元在国际贸易中被广泛使用。)同义词buck(口语,美元)、greenback(俚语,美钞)cent /sent/ n. 分核心用法可数名词,复数 cents,是美元等货币的辅币单位,100 cents = 1 dollar。常用搭配 & 短语ten cents:十美分not a cent:一分钱都没有per cent:百分之……(=percent)cent coin:分币例句The candy costs only 50 cents.(这颗糖果只要 50 美分。)He didn't pay me a cent for the work.(他一分钱都没付给我这份工作的报酬。)同义词penny(美分硬币,1 美分)、coin(硬币,泛指)penny / peni/ n.(美国、加拿大的)一分钱硬币核心用法可数名词,复数 pence(英式)或 pennies(美式),指 1 美分硬币,也可泛指“小钱”。常用搭配 & 短语a penny for your thoughts:你在想什么呢spend a penny:(英式口语)上厕所every penny:每一分钱penny-pinching:小气的,吝啬的例句I found a penny on the street today.(我今天在街上捡到了一枚一分钱硬币。)She saved every penny to buy the house.(她一分钱一分钱地攒钱买了房子。)同义词cent(分币)、coin(硬币)exception / k sep n/ n. 例外,除外核心用法可数名词,复数 exceptions,形容词形式为 exceptional(例外的/杰出的)。常用搭配 & 短语with the exception of:除了……之外make an exception:破例no exceptions:没有例外without exception:毫无例外例句All students must take the exam, with no exceptions.(所有学生都必须参加考试,没有例外。)I usually don't eat sweets, but I'll make an exception today.(我平时不吃甜食,但今天破例一次。)同义词exclusion(排除)、special case(特殊情况)couple / k pl/ n. 一对夫妇;一对情侣;几个,两三个核心用法可数名词,复数 couples,可指“夫妻/情侣”,也可表示“两三个”。常用搭配 & 短语a couple of:几个,两三个;一对married couple:已婚夫妇young couple:年轻情侣the happy couple:幸福的一对例句The old couple has been married for 50 years.(这对老夫妇已经结婚 50 年了。)I'll be there in a couple of minutes.(我几分钟后就到。)同义词pair(一对/一双)、partners(伴侣)、duo(一对搭档)treasure / tre / n. 珍宝,珍品;v. 珍视核心用法名词(不可数/可数),也可作动词表示“珍视、珍藏”;形容词形式为 treasured(珍贵的)。常用搭配 & 短语hidden treasure:宝藏family treasure:传家宝national treasure:国宝treasure sth. deeply:非常珍视某物treasure hunt:寻宝游戏例句The museum has many ancient treasures.(这家博物馆有很多古代珍品。)I treasure the memories of my childhood.(我非常珍视童年的回忆。)同义词valuables(贵重物品)、gem(宝石/珍宝)、cherish(珍视)、prize(珍视)Christmas Eve / kr sm s i v/ 圣诞前夕,平安夜核心用法固定短语,指 12 月 24 日,圣诞节的前一天晚上。常用搭配 & 短语on Christmas Eve:在平安夜Christmas Eve dinner:平安夜晚餐Christmas Eve party:平安夜派对例句We always have a big family dinner on Christmas Eve.(我们总是在平安夜吃一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。)Children hang stockings on Christmas Eve for Santa Claus.(孩子们会在平安夜挂上袜子等圣诞老人送礼物。)同义词Christmas Eve(固定说法,无完全同义表达,可简称为 Eve,需结合上下文)certainly / s tnli/ adv. 当然;无疑,肯定核心用法副词,语气比surely 更强,表“确定无疑”,也可用于礼貌回应请求。常用搭配 & 短语certainly not:当然不most certainly:毫无疑问certainly true:千真万确certainly will:一定会例句"Can I borrow your pen " "Certainly!"(“我能借你的笔吗?” “当然可以!”)He will certainly pass the exam, he studied so hard.(他肯定能通过考试,他学习非常努力。)同义词of course(当然)、surely(肯定)、definitely(无疑)、absolutely(绝对)chain /t e n/ n. 链子,链条;连锁店核心用法可数名词,复数 chains,也可作动词表示“用链条拴住”。常用搭配 & 短语gold chain:金链子chain store:连锁店food chain:食物链chain reaction:连锁反应a chain of events:一连串的事件例句She wore a silver chain around her neck.(她脖子上戴着一条银项链。)There's a chain of coffee shops in every city.(每个城市都有这家连锁咖啡店的分店。)同义词link(链环/链条)、necklace(项链,特指戴在脖子上的链子)、series(一连串)expensive / k spens v/ adj. 昂贵的,花钱多的核心用法形容词,反义词为 cheap/inexpensive(便宜的),名词形式为 expense(费用)。常用搭配 & 短语too expensive:太贵了expensive clothes:昂贵的衣服an expensive hobby:花钱多的爱好expensive taste:高消费的品味例句This watch is very expensive, I can't afford it.(这块手表太贵了,我买不起。)Living in the city is more expensive than in the countryside.(在城市生活比在农村贵得多。)同义词costly(昂贵的)、pricy(口语,价格高的)、high-priced(高价的)comb /k m/ n. 梳子;梳状饰物,发插;v. 梳理;仔细搜寻核心用法名词/动词,动词过去式/过去分词 combed,现在分词 combing。常用搭配 & 短语comb one's hair:梳头wooden comb:木梳子comb through:仔细搜查;梳理comb the area for:在这一带搜寻例句She used a comb to tidy her hair before going out.(出门前她用梳子把头发梳整齐。)The police combed the forest for the missing child.(警察在森林里仔细搜寻失踪的孩子。)同义词brush(刷子/梳理)、groom(梳理毛发)、search through(仔细搜寻)Unit3 单词批注remains /r me nz/ n. 遗迹核心用法复数名词(常以复数形式出现),指“剩余物、残骸、遗迹”,尤指古代遗留下来的建筑、器物或生物遗骸。常用搭配 & 短语ancient remains:古代遗迹human remains:人类遗骸cultural remains:文化遗存dig for remains:发掘遗迹例句Archaeologists found some ancient remains in the desert.(考古学家在沙漠里发现了一些古代遗迹。)The remains of the old castle are still standing on the hill.(古堡的遗迹依然矗立在山上。)同义词relics(文物/遗迹,侧重历史价值)、ruins(废墟)、leftovers(剩余物,口语)kingdom / k d m/ n. 王国核心用法可数名词,复数 kingdoms,指由国王/女王统治的国家;也可引申为 “领域、界”。常用搭配 & 短语the Animal Kingdom:动物界the Plant Kingdom:植物界a powerful kingdom:强大的王国kingdom of heaven:天国例句The ancient kingdom was famous for its art and culture.(这个古老的王国以其艺术和文化闻名。)In the animal kingdom, bees are very important pollinators.(在动物界里,蜜蜂是非常重要的授粉者。)同义词realm(领域/国度)、domain(领域/领土)、empire(帝国)northwest / n θ west/ n. 西北,西北方;adj. 西北的;adv.向西北核心用法名词/形容词/副词,首字母大写常指特定地区(如中国的西北地区)。常用搭配 & 短语in the northwest of:在……的西北部(范围内部)to the northwest of:在……的西北方(范围外部)Northwest China:中国西北northwest wind:西北风例句The city lies in the northwest of the country.(这座城市位于这个国家的西北部。)We are heading northwest to find the ancient tomb.(我们正向西北方向进发,去寻找那座古墓。)同义词northwestern region(西北地区)、NW(缩写)archaeologist / ɑ ki l d st/ n. 考古学家核心用法可数名词,复数 archaeologists,指研究古代人类历史、遗迹的专家。常用搭配 & 短语a famous archaeologist:著名考古学家an archaeologist from the museum:博物馆的考古学家work as an archaeologist:从事考古学家工作例句The archaeologist spent years studying the ruins.(这位考古学家花了数年时间研究这些废墟。)She dreams of becoming an archaeologist to explore ancient secrets.(她梦想成为一名考古学家,去探索古代的秘密。)同义词historian( 历史学家, 侧重文献研究)、explorer ( 探险家)、antiquarian(古物研究者)centre / sent / n. 中心;v. 集中(美式拼作 center)核心用法名词(可数)/动词,指地理位置的中心,也可指活动、注意力的中心。常用搭配 & 短语in the centre of:在……的中心shopping centre:购物中心centre on/upon:集中于;以……为中心research centre:研究中心例句There is a beautiful fountain in the centre of the square.(广场中心有一座漂亮的喷泉。)Our discussion centred on the problem of pollution.(我们的讨论集中在污染问题上。)同义词middle(中间)、core(核心)、focus(焦点)、hub(枢纽)period / p ri d/ n. 时期核心用法可数名词,复数 periods,指一段特定的时间,也可指学时、句号。常用搭配 & 短语in the past period:在过去的时期a period of time:一段时间historic period:历史时期come to an end:结束(指时期)例句He lived in Rome for a period of three years.(他在罗马住了三年时间。)The Ice Age was a very cold period in Earth's history.(冰河世纪是地球历史上一个非常寒冷的时期。)同义词stage(阶段)、phase(阶段)、era(时代)、duration(持续时间)valuable / v lju bl/ adj. 宝贵的,有价值的核心用法形容词,指“很值钱的”或“很有用的/重要的”,名词形式为 value。常用搭配 & 短语valuable information:宝贵信息valuable experience:宝贵经验valuable antique:珍贵古董be valuable to sb.:对某人有价值例句This is a valuable painting from the 18th century.(这是一幅 18 世纪的珍贵画作。)Your advice was very valuable to me.(你的建议对我来说非常宝贵。)同义词precious(珍贵的)、invaluable(极宝贵的,程度更深)、costly(昂贵的)、priceless(无价的)imagination / m d ne n/ n. 想象力核心用法不可数名词(抽象概念)/可数名词(具体的想象事物),形容词形式为 imaginative(富有想象力的)。常用搭配 & 短语use one's imagination:发挥想象力beyond imagination:超乎想象spark one's imagination:激发想象力childlike imagination:孩童般的想象力例句The story fired the children's imagination.(这个故事点燃了孩子们的想象力。)He has a strong imagination and often writes fantasy novels.(他有很强的想象力,经常写奇幻小说。)同义词creativity(创造力)、fancy(想象/设想)、vision(愿景/想象)、 fantasy(幻想)amaze / me z/ v. 使大为惊奇,使惊愕核心用法及物动词,过去式/过去分词 amazed,现在分词 amazing;常用被动语态表示“感到惊讶”。常用搭配 & 短语amaze sb.:使某人惊讶be amazed at/by:对……感到惊讶amaze the world:震惊世界It amazes me that...:……让我惊讶例句Her courage never ceases to amaze me.(她的勇气总是让我大为惊叹。)We were amazed at the speed of his recovery.(他恢复的速度让我们感到惊讶。)同义词surprise(使惊讶)、astonish(使惊讶,程度深)、shock(使震惊)、 astound(使惊骇)dig into sth 探究,探寻核心用法固定短语(动词短语),指“深入调查”或“用手挖开”。常用搭配 & 短语dig into the past:探究过去dig into a bag:翻包找东西dig into research:深入研究dig into one's pocket:掏口袋例句The journalist dug into the company's financial records.(记者深入调查了这家公司的财务记录。)He dug into his pocket and pulled out a coin.(他把手伸进口袋里,掏出了一枚硬币。)同义词explore(探究)、investigate(调查)、probe(探查)、search through(搜寻)luck /l k/ n. 好运,幸运核心用法不可数名词,形容词形式为 lucky(幸运的),副词为 luckily(幸运地)。常用搭配 & 短语good luck:好运bad luck:坏运气by luck:凭运气wish sb. luck:祝某人好运touch wood for luck:摸木头求好运(西方习俗)例句I wish you good luck with your exam.(祝你考试好运。)He won the game by sheer luck.(他全凭运气赢了比赛。)同义词fortune(运气/命运)、chance(机会/运气)、fate(命运)、serendipity(意外好运)researcher /r s t / n. 研究者;调查员核心用法可数名词,复数 researchers,动词形式为 research(研究)。常用搭配 & 短语scientific researcher:科研人员market researcher:市场研究员lead researcher:首席研究员a team of researchers:一组研究人员例句The researcher spent years collecting data.(这位研究员花了数年时间收集数据。)Researchers are trying to find a cure for the disease.(研究人员正试图找到治愈这种疾病的方法。)同义词scientist(科学家)、investigator(调查员)、scholar(学者)、analyst(分析师)detailed / di te ld/ adj. 详尽的,详细的核心用法形容词,由名词 detail(细节)+ -ed 构成,常修饰信息、计划、描述。常用搭配 & 短语detailed information:详细信息detailed plan:详尽计划detailed description:详细描述go into detailed analysis:进行详细分析例句The report provides a detailed analysis of the market.(这份报告提供了对市场的详细分析。)Can you give me a detailed account of what happened (你能给我详细讲讲发生了什么吗?)同义词specific(具体的)、elaborate(详尽的)、thorough(详尽的/彻底的)、comprehensive(全面的)cartoon /kɑ tu n/ n. 卡通(片),动画片核心用法可数名词,复数 cartoons,指动画影片或漫画。常用搭配 & 短语cartoon character:卡通人物animated cartoon:动画片Disney cartoon:迪士尼卡通watch a cartoon:看动画片例句My little brother loves watching cartoons on TV.(我弟弟喜欢在电视上看动画片。)The artist created a famous cartoon character for the movie.(这位艺术家为电影创造了一个著名的卡通形象。)同义词animation(动画/动画片,统称)、comic strip(连环漫画)、anime(日式动画)tomb /tu m/ n. 坟墓,冢核心用法可数名词,复数 tombs,特指较正式或大型的坟墓,常与考古语境连用。常用搭配 & 短语ancient tomb:古墓royal tomb:皇陵dig a tomb:掘墓tomb raider:盗墓者(喻指)例句Archaeologists discovered a hidden tomb in the desert.(考古学家在沙漠中发现了一座隐藏的古墓。)The tomb contained many precious gold objects.(这座墓里埋藏着许多珍贵的金器。)同义词grave(坟墓,通用)、sepulchre(陵墓/坟墓,较正式)、burial place(安葬地)silk /s lk/ n. 丝绸核心用法不可数名词(原料)/可数名词(丝绸制品),形容词形式为 silky(丝滑的)。常用搭配 & 短语silk dress:丝绸连衣裙silk road:丝绸之路raw silk:生丝pure silk:纯丝绸例句She wore a beautiful red silk scarf.(她戴着一条漂亮的红色丝绸围巾。)The Silk Road is a famous trade route in history.(丝绸之路是历史上一条著名的贸易路线。)同义词silk fabric(丝绸织物)、thread(丝线)、satin(缎子)matchbox / m t b ks/ n. 火柴盒核心用法可数名词,复数 matchboxes,由 match(火柴)+ box(盒子)构成。常用搭配 & 短语empty matchbox:空火柴盒matchbox car:火柴盒小汽车(玩具车)hide in a matchbox:藏在火柴盒里例句He kept a few matches in a small matchbox.(他在一个小火柴盒里放了几根火柴。)The boy made a tiny boat out of a matchbox.(男孩用一个火柴盒做了一只小船。)同义词match case(火柴盒)、box of matches(一盒火柴)archaeological / ɑ ki l d kl/ adj. 考古的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 archaeology(考古学),常用来修饰与考古相关的事物。常用搭配 & 短语archaeological site:考古遗址archaeological discovery:考古发现archaeological research:考古研究archaeological remains:考古遗迹例句The team made an important archaeological discovery in thevalley.(这支队伍在山谷里有了重大的考古发现。)This is one of the most famous archaeological sites in the world.(这是世界上最著名的考古遗址之一。)同义词archaeologic(同义,较少用)---statue / st t u / n. 雕像;塑像核心用法可数名词,复数 statues,指用石头、金属等材料制成的人像或神像。常用搭配 & 短语stone statue:石像bronze statue:铜像statue of liberty:自由女神像life-size statue:真人大小的雕像例句There is a marble statue of the hero in the park.(公园里有一座英雄的大理石雕像。)The ancient statues were damaged by the earthquake.(这些古老的雕像在地震中受损了。)同义词sculpture(雕塑,统称)、figure(人像/塑像)、monument(纪念碑/雕像)---moai / m a / n. 摩埃石像核心用法可数名词,复数 moai/moais,特指复活节岛上的巨型人头石像。常用搭配 & 短语Easter Island moai:复活节岛摩埃石像ancient moai:古老的摩埃石像the giant moai statues:巨型摩埃石像例句The moai are large stone statues on Easter Island.(摩埃石像是复活节岛上的巨型石像。)Many tourists come to see the mysterious moai every year.(每年都有很多游客来看这些神秘的摩埃石像。)同义词Easter Island heads(口语说法)---mystery / m st ri/ n. 神秘事物,谜核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 mysteries,形容词形式为 mysterious(神秘的)。常用搭配 & 短语solve a mystery:解开谜团be a mystery to sb.:对某人来说是个谜unsolved mystery:未解之谜mystery novel:悬疑小说例句The disappearance of the ship remains a mystery.(这艘船的失踪至今仍是个谜。)She loves reading stories full of mystery.(她喜欢读充满神秘感的故事。)同义词puzzle(谜题)、enigma(难解之谜)、secret(秘密)---possibility / p s b l ti/ n. 可能,可能性核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 possibilities,形容词形式为 possible(可能的)。常用搭配 & 短语there is a possibility that...:有可能……rule out the possibility:排除可能性a strong possibility:很大的可能性explore all possibilities:探索所有可能性例句There is a possibility that the meeting will be cancelled.(会议有可能被取消。)We must consider every possibility before making a decision.(做决定前我们必须考虑所有可能性。)同义词chance(机会/可能性)、likelihood(可能性)、potential(潜在可能)---pretty / pr ti/ adj. 漂亮的,好看的;adv. 相当,很核心用法形容词(形容人/事物的可爱、漂亮),也可作副词表示“相当”。常用搭配 & 短语pretty girl:漂亮的女孩pretty good:相当不错pretty much:几乎,差不多pretty soon:很快例句She wore a pretty dress to the party.(她穿了一条漂亮的裙子去派对。)The exam was pretty difficult, but I think I passed.(考试相当难,但我觉得我过了。)同义词beautiful(美丽的,程度更深)、cute(可爱的)、fair(姣好的)、quite(副词,相当)---besides /b sa dz/ prep. 除……之外;adv. 此外,而且核心用法介词/副词,表“除了……之外(还包括)”,区别于 except(除了……之外,不包括)。常用搭配 & 短语besides that:除此之外besides English:除了英语之外have no friends besides you:除了你之外没有别的朋友例句Besides his parents, no one knows the secret.(除了他的父母之外,没人知道这个秘密。)The house is big; besides, it has a beautiful garden.(这房子很大,而且还有一个漂亮的花园。)同义词in addition to(介词,除……之外)、apart from(除……之外)、 moreover(副词,此外)---multimedia / m lti mi di / adj. 多媒体的;n. 多媒体核心用法形容词/名词,由 multi-(多)+ media(媒体)构成,指融合多种媒体形式的内容/设备。常用搭配 & 短语multimedia classroom:多媒体教室multimedia presentation:多媒体演示multimedia technology:多媒体技术multimedia player:多媒体播放器例句The school is equipped with modern multimedia classrooms.(这所学校配备了现代化的多媒体教室。)Multimedia learning makes lessons more interesting.(多媒体教学让课程更有趣。)同义词mixed media(混合媒体,艺术领域)---version / v n/ n. 版本核心用法可数名词,复数 versions,指同一事物的不同形式、改编本或版本。常用搭配 & 短语the latest version:最新版本original version:原版film version:电影版different versions of the story:故事的不同版本例句I have the new version of the software on my computer.(我电脑上装了这款软件的新版本。)There are many different versions of this folk tale.(这个民间故事有很多不同的版本。)同义词edition(版本/版次)、adaptation(改编版)、variant(变体)---palace / p l s/ n. 王宫;宫殿核心用法可数名词,复数 palaces,指国王/女王居住的大型建筑,也可指豪华建筑。常用搭配 & 短语royal palace:王宫summer palace:颐和园/夏宫the Palace Museum:故宫博物院palace guard:宫廷侍卫例句We visited the ancient palace during our trip.(旅行期间我们参观了这座古老的宫殿。)The palace is open to the public every day except Mondays.(这座宫殿除周一外每天都对公众开放。)同义词castle(城堡)、mansion(宅邸/大厦)、royal residence(王室居所)---background / b kɡra nd/ n. 背景核心用法可数名词,复数 backgrounds,可指画面背景、出身背景、事件背景。常用搭配 & 短语family background:家庭背景educational background:教育背景background music:背景音乐in the background:在背景中/在幕后例句The photo has a beautiful mountain background.(这张照片的背景是美丽的山景。)She comes from a poor family background but works very hard.(她出身贫寒,但工作非常努力。)同义词setting(背景/环境)、context(语境/背景)、backdrop(背景幕)---fever / fi v / n. 狂热,兴奋;发烧核心用法可数/不可数名词,可指生理上的发烧,也可指对某事的狂热。常用搭配 & 短语have a fever:发烧fever pitch:狂热的顶点football fever:足球热fever of excitement:兴奋不已例句She stayed home because she had a high fever.(她因为发高烧待在家里。)The whole country was in a fever of excitement before the match.(比赛前整个国家都陷入了狂热。)同义词passion(热情/狂热)、craze(热潮)、temperature(体温/发烧)---pride /pra d/ n. 自豪,骄傲;v. 以……为傲核心用法名词/动词,形容词形式为 proud(自豪的),可褒可贬(贬指骄傲自大)。常用搭配 & 短语take pride in:为……感到自豪be the pride of:是……的骄傲pride oneself on:以……为荣swallow one's pride:放下身段/放下骄傲例句She takes great pride in her children's achievements.(她为孩子们的成就感到非常自豪。)He prides himself on being a good cook.(他以自己是个好厨师为荣。)同义词self-respect(自尊)、dignity(尊严)、arrogance(贬义,傲慢)---bat /b t/ n. 蝙蝠;球棒;v. 打(球)核心用法名词/动词,名词复数 bats,可指动物蝙蝠,也可指棒球/板球的球棒。常用搭配 & 短语baseball bat:棒球棒as blind as a bat:视力极差have bats in the belfry:疯疯癫癫bat an eye:不动声色例句Bats usually sleep during the day and come out at night.(蝙蝠通常白天睡觉,晚上出来活动。)He swung the bat and hit the ball hard.(他挥棒狠狠击中了球。)同义词club(棍棒)、stick(棍/棒)---fridge /fr d / n. 冰箱,冰柜核心用法可数名词,复数 fridges,英式英语常用,美式多用 refrigerator。常用搭配 & 短语in the fridge:在冰箱里open the fridge:打开冰箱fridge door:冰箱门refrigerator(完整形式):冰箱例句Put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh.(把牛奶放进冰箱保鲜。)There's nothing to eat in the fridge.(冰箱里没什么吃的了。)同义词refrigerator(正式)、icebox(美式口语)、freezer(冰柜/冷冻室)---magnet / m ɡn t/ n. 磁铁;有吸引力的人/物核心用法可数名词,复数 magnets,形容词形式为 magnetic(有磁性的/有吸引力的)。常用搭配 & 短语bar magnet:条形磁铁** fridge magnet**:冰箱贴magnet for:对……有吸引力的事物natural magnet:天然磁石例句The magnet stuck to the metal door.(磁铁吸在了金属门上。)The city is a magnet for young people looking for jobs.(这座城市对找工作的年轻人很有吸引力。)同义词lodestone(天然磁石)、attraction(吸引力)central / sentr l/ adj. 中心的;重要的,主要的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 centre/center(中心),常用来修饰位置、角色、观点。常用搭配 & 短语central part:中心部分central idea:中心思想central government:中央政府central to:对……至关重要例句The hotel is in the central part of the city.(这家酒店位于城市的中心地带。)Education is central to the country's development.(教育对这个国家的发展至关重要。)同义词middle(中间的)、core(核心的)、main(主要的)、key(关键的)Unit4 单词批注northeast / n θ i st/ n. 东北,东北方向;adj. 东北的; adv. 向东北核心用法名词/形容词/副词,首字母大写常指特定地区(如中国的东北地区)。常用搭配 & 短语in the northeast of:在……的东北部(范围内部)to the northeast of:在……的东北方(范围外部)Northeast China:中国东北northeast wind:东北风例句The village lies in the northeast of the province.(这个村庄位于该省的东北部。)We traveled northeast to visit the ancient town.(我们向东北方向出发,去参观那座古镇。)同义词northeastern region(东北地区)、NE(缩写)2. death /deθ/ n. 死,死亡核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 deaths,动词形式为 die,形容词形式为 dead。常用搭配 & 短语death of sb.:某人的死亡cause of death:死因to death:极度地;至死fight to the death:战斗到底put to death:处死例句His death came as a shock to the whole family.(他的死让全家人都很震惊。)I'm scared to death of spiders.(我怕蜘蛛怕得要死。)同义词passing(委婉说法,逝世)、demise(正式说法,死亡)、end(生命的终结)gentle / d entl/ adj. 温和的,温柔的核心用法形容词,副词形式为 gently,常形容人、声音、动作、天气等。常用搭配 & 短语gentle voice:温柔的声音gentle breeze:微风gentle manner:温和的态度gentle touch:轻柔的触碰be gentle with:对……温柔例句She has a gentle way of speaking to children.(她对孩子说话的语气很温柔。)The gentle wind made the afternoon very pleasant.(微风让这个下午变得非常惬意。)同义词kind(和蔼的)、soft(柔和的)、mild(温和的)、tender(温柔的)fighter / fa t / n. 斗士,奋斗者;战斗机核心用法可数名词,复数 fighters,动词形式为 fight,可指人也可指武器。常用搭配 & 短语a brave fighter:勇敢的斗士freedom fighter:自由战士jet fighter:喷气式战斗机cancer fighter:抗癌斗士例句He was a fighter who never gave up in the face of difficulties.(他是个在困难面前从不放弃的斗士。)The fighter planes took off to defend the city.(战斗机起飞保卫城市。)同义词warrior(战士)、combatant(战斗人员)、struggler(奋斗者)pity / p ti/ n. 可惜,遗憾;同情核心用法名词,也可作动词表示“同情”,形容词形式为 pitiful(可怜的)。常用搭配 & 短语It's a pity that...:……真可惜/遗憾have pity on:同情……feel pity for:为……感到遗憾/同情what a pity!:真可惜!例句It's a pity that you can't come to the party.(你不能来派对真可惜。)I felt pity for the homeless children in the street.(我很同情街上那些无家可归的孩子。)同义词regret(遗憾)、sympathy(同情)、shame(憾事)war /w / n. 战争核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 wars,形容词形式为 warlike(好战的)。常用搭配 & 短语go to war:开战world war:世界大战civil war:内战war against:与……的斗争at war:处于战争状态例句Many people lost their homes during the war.(战争期间很多人失去了家园。)We are at war with poverty and disease.(我们正在与贫困和疾病作斗争。)同义词conflict(冲突)、battle(战役,规模较小)、combat(战斗)fixed /f kst/ adj. 固定的;不变的核心用法形容词,由动词 fix(固定)转化而来,指位置、时间、态度等固定不变。常用搭配 & 短语fixed time:固定时间fixed price:固定价格fixed idea:固执的想法fixed schedule:固定日程fixed gaze:凝视例句The bookshelf is fixed to the wall.(书架固定在墙上。)She has a fixed routine every morning.(她每天早上都有固定的日程。)同义词permanent(永久的)、stable(稳定的)、unchanging(不变的)、 set(固定的)unchanging / n t e nd / adj. 不变的,恒定的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 un- + 动词 change + -ing 构成,指始终保持不变。常用搭配 & 短语unchanging rules:不变的规则unchanging love:永恒的爱unchanging tradition:不变的传统remain unchanging:保持不变例句The unchanging scenery of the mountains is always beautiful.(这些山一成不变的景色总是很美。)His love for her has remained unchanging over the years.(这些年他对她的爱始终没变。)同义词constant(恒定的)、unchangeable(不可改变的)、invariable(不变的)、fixed(固定的)entry / entri/ n.(日记的)一则;进入;条目核心用法可数名词,复数 entries,动词形式为 enter,可指记录、进入行为或项目条目。常用搭配 & 短语diary entry:日记的一则make an entry:记录一笔/写一则日记entry into:进入……dictionary entry:词典条目entry fee:入场费例句She wrote a short entry in her diary every night.(她每天晚上都会在日记里写一则简短的记录。)The entry to the park is free for children under 12.(12岁以下儿童免公园门票。)同义词record(记录)、access(进入/入口)、item(条目)、note(记录)battle / b tl/ n. 战斗,战役;v. 战斗,斗争核心用法名词/动词,动词过去式/过去分词 battled,现在分词 battling,指具体的战斗或斗争。常用搭配 & 短语fight a battle:打一场仗win/lose a battle:赢/输掉一场战役battle against:与……作斗争battle for:为……而战battlefield:战场例句The soldiers won the battle after a long fight.(经过长时间的战斗,士兵们赢得了这场战役。)She has been battling against illness for years.(她已经和疾病斗争了很多年。)同义词fight(战斗)、combat(格斗/战斗)、struggle(斗争)、war(战争,规模更大)temperature / tempr t / n. 温度,气温核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 temperatures,可指气温、体温。常用搭配 & 短语high/low temperature:高/低温take one's temperature:量体温room temperature:室温temperature rise:气温升高have a temperature:发烧例句The temperature dropped below zero last night.(昨晚气温降到了零度以下。)The nurse took his temperature before the doctor saw him.(医生给他看病前,护士先给他量了体温。)同义词heat(热度)、thermometer reading(温度计读数)、body heat(体温)selfless / selfl s/ adj. 忘我的,无私的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 self-(自己)+ -less(无)构成,指不考虑自己、为他人着想。常用搭配 & 短语selfless love:无私的爱selfless act:无私的行为selfless service:无私奉献be selfless in:在……上无私例句She is known for her selfless work helping the poor.(她因无私帮助穷人而闻名。)The doctor made a selfless decision to stay and help the sick.(医生做出了留下来帮助病人的无私决定。)同义词unselfish(无私的)、generous(慷慨的)、altruistic(利他的)heroic /h r k/ adj. 英雄的,英勇的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 hero(英雄),常形容行为、人物事迹。常用搭配 & 短语heroic deeds:英雄事迹heroic act:英勇行为heroic story:英雄故事heroic efforts:英勇的努力例句The firefighters made a heroic rescue of the children from the burning building.(消防员们从着火的大楼里英勇地救出了孩子们。)We were inspired by the soldiers' heroic stories.(士兵们的英雄故事激励了我们。)同义词brave(勇敢的)、courageous(有勇气的)、valiant(英勇的)、gallant(英勇的)loyal / l l/ adj. 忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 loyalty(忠诚),常形容对人、组织、国家的忠诚。常用搭配 & 短语be loyal to:对……忠诚loyal friend:忠实的朋友loyal customer:忠实的顾客loyal support:忠诚的支持例句She has been loyal to her husband for over 40 years.(她对丈夫忠贞不渝已经超过 40 年了。)The dog is very loyal to its owner.(这只狗对主人非常忠诚。)同义词faithful(忠实的)、devoted(忠诚的)、true(忠实的)、steadfast(坚定的)recommend / rek mend/ v. 劝告,建议;推荐核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 recommended,现在分词 recommending,名词形式为 recommendation(建议/推荐)。常用搭配 & 短语recommend sb. sth.:向某人推荐某物recommend doing sth.:建议做某事recommend sb. to do sth.:建议某人做某事highly recommend:强烈推荐recommend for:推荐……用于例句I recommend this book to anyone who loves history.(我向所有喜欢历史的人推荐这本书。)The doctor recommended taking a break from work.(医生建议暂停工作休息一下。)同义词suggest(建议)、advise(劝告)、endorse(推荐/认可)、advocate(提倡)dreamer / dri m / n. 做梦的人;空想家核心用法可数名词,复数 dreamers,动词形式为 dream,可褒可贬(贬指不切实际的空想家)。常用搭配 & 短语a true dreamer:真正有梦想的人a hopeless dreamer:不切实际的空想家follow your dreams:追随梦想(引申用法)big dreamer:有远大梦想的人例句She is a dreamer who believes anything is possible.(她是个相信一切皆有可能的追梦者。)People called him a dreamer for wanting to build a house in the forest.(人们说他想在森林里建房子是在做白日梦。)同义词idealist(理想主义者)、visionary(有远见的人)、romantic(空想的浪漫主义者)burning / b n / adj. 火热的;灼热的;v. 燃烧(现在分词)核心用法形容词/动词现在分词,由动词 burn 转化而来,形容温度、情感、问题等。常用搭配 & 短语burning sun:烈日burning love:热烈的爱burning question:亟待解决的问题burning building:着火的大楼burning with anger:怒火中烧例句We walked under the burning sun for hours.(我们在烈日下走了好几个小时。)The burning wood filled the room with smoke.(燃烧的木头让房间里充满了烟。)同义词hot(热的)、fiery(火热的)、scorching(灼热的)、blazing(熊熊燃烧的)countless / ka ntl s/ adj. 无数的,数不尽的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 count(数)+ -less(无)构成,指数目多得数不清。常用搭配 & 短语countless stars:无数的星星countless times:无数次countless people:无数的人countless examples:无数的例子例句Countless people have died in wars throughout history.(历史上有无数人死于战争。)I have told you countless times not to do that.(我已经无数次告诉你别那么做了。)同义词innumerable(无数的)、numerous(许多的)、endless(无尽的)、 uncountable(不可数的)fearless / f l s/ adj. 无畏的,不怕的核心用法形容词,由 fear(害怕)+ 否定后缀 -less 构成,指毫无畏惧的状态。常用搭配 & 短语fearless of danger:不怕危险fearless fighter:无畏的战士be fearless in the face of:面对……无所畏惧例句The fearless firefighter ran into the burning building to save the child.(那位无畏的消防员冲进着火的大楼救孩子。)She is fearless when speaking in front of a large crowd.(她在众人面前发言时毫无惧色。)同义词brave(勇敢的)、courageous(有勇气的)、bold(大胆的)、unafraid(不害怕的)bravely / bre vli/ adv. 勇敢地,无畏地核心用法副词,由形容词 brave(勇敢的)+ 后缀 -ly 构成,修饰动词,描述动作的方式。常用搭配 & 短语fight bravely:英勇战斗face the problem bravely:勇敢面对问题speak bravely:大胆发言例句The soldiers fought bravely to defend their country.(士兵们为保卫祖国英勇作战。)She bravely told the truth even though she was scared.(尽管很害怕,她还是勇敢地说出了真相。)同义词courageously(勇敢地)、boldly(大胆地)、fearlessly(无畏地)president / prez d nt/ n. 国家主席;总统;校长;会长核心用法可数名词,复数 presidents,可指国家元首、机构负责人,首字母大写时特指国家主席/总统。常用搭配 & 短语the President of China:中国国家主席the President of the United States:美国总统company president:公司总裁university president:大学校长elected president:当选总统例句The president gave a speech to the nation on New Year's Eve.(总统在新年前夕向全国发表了讲话。)He was elected president of the student union.(他当选为学生会主席。)同义词head of state(国家元首)、chairman(主席)、principal(校长)、 leader(领导人)republic /r p bl k/ n. 共和国核心用法可数名词,复数 republics,指由人民选举代表治理的国家,常与国家名称连用。常用搭配 & 短语the People's Republic of China:中华人民共和国democratic republic:民主共和国republic of letters:文坛/文学界(引申用法)例句The country became a republic in 1949.(这个国家在 1949年成为共和国。)The republic has a president as its head of state.(这个共和国以总统作为国家元首。)同义词commonwealth(联邦/共和国)、state(国家,泛指)productive /pr d kt v/ adj. 多产的;富有成效的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 productivity(生产力/效率),可形容人、工作、土地等。 常用搭配 & 短语productive meeting:富有成效的会议productive worker:高效的工人productive land:肥沃的土地productive day:高效的一天be productive in:在……方面多产/高效例句She had a very productive day and finished all her work.(她这一天效率很高,完成了所有工作。)The writer is very productive and publishes two books a year.(这位作家非常多产,一年出版两本书。)同义词efficient(高效的)、fertile(肥沃的/多产的)、fruitful(富有成效的)、creative(有创造力的)type /ta p/ n. 类型,种类;v. 打字核心用法名词(可数,复数 types)/动词,可指事物的种类,也可指“打字”的动作。常用搭配 & 短语different types of:不同种类的……type of:……的类型blood type:血型type in:输入(文字)fast typist:打字快的人例句What type of music do you like (你喜欢什么类型的音乐?)She 2026 外研版英语九上学霸预习单词批注Unit 1 单词批注Unit 1 单词全解析(短语/用法/搭配/例句/同义词)1. lady / le di/ n. 女士,女子核心用法可数名词,复数 ladies,是对女性的礼貌称呼,也可指举止优雅的淑女。常用搭配 & 短语 ladies and gentlemen:女士们,先生们(正式场合开场用语) a lady of good taste:有品位的女士 ladies' room:女洗手间 old lady:(口语)母亲;老太太例句1. Ladies and gentlemen, welcome to our school performance.(女士们先生们,欢迎来到我们的校园演出。)2. She is a true lady with perfect manners.(她是一位举止得体的真正淑女。)同义词madam(正式称呼)、woman(通用)、miss(年轻女性)2. gentleman / d entlm n/ n. 先生核心用法可数名词,复数 gentlemen,对应 lady,指礼貌、有教养的男士,也用于正式称呼。常用搭配 & 短语 ladies and gentlemen:女士们,先生们 a true gentleman:真正的绅士 gentleman's agreement:君子协定 a gentleman of leisure:悠闲绅士(不工作的有钱人)例句1. The gentleman at the front desk helped me with my luggage.(前台的那位先生帮我拿了行李。)2. He behaved like a gentleman, even when he was angry.(即使生气,他也表现得像个绅士。)同义词sir(正式称呼)、mister(缩写 Mr.)、man(通用)3. puppet / p p t/ n.(牵线)木偶;布袋木偶,手偶核心用法可数名词,既指表演用的木偶,也可比喻“被他人操纵的人/傀儡”。常用搭配 & 短语 puppet show/play:木偶戏 hand puppet:手偶/布袋木偶 puppet government:傀儡政府(比喻用法) pull the strings of a puppet:操控木偶/幕后操纵例句1. The children loved the colorful puppet show at the festival.(孩子们特别喜欢节日里那场色彩鲜艳的木偶戏。)2. He felt like a puppet, controlled by his overbearing boss.(他感觉自己像个傀儡,被强势的老板操控着。)同义词marionette(牵线木偶)、doll(玩偶)4. performer /p f m / n. 表演者核心用法可数名词,复数 performers,指在舞台上表演的人(歌手、演员、舞者等),也可指表现出色的事物。常用搭配 & 短语 stage performer:舞台表演者 lead performer:主演 live performer:现场表演者 star performer:表现突出的人/事物例句1. The performers practiced every day to prepare for the show.(表演者们每天练习,为演出做准备。)2. This phone is the star performer in the new product line.(这款手机是新产品线中表现最亮眼的。)同义词actor/actress(演员)、artist(艺术家)、entertainer(艺人)5. finger / f ɡ / n. 手指核心用法可数名词,复数 fingers,是身体部位,也可作动词表示“用手指触碰/指出”。常用搭配 & 短语 keep one's fingers crossed:祈求好运 on the tip of one's tongue:话到嘴边(和finger搭配的常用变体:on the tip of one's fingers 了如指掌) point the finger at:指责/怪罪 have a finger in every pie:什么事都插手 on one's fingers:屈指可数例句1. She kept her fingers crossed that she would pass the exam.(她祈祷自己能通过考试。)2. Don't point the finger at others when you make a mistake.(犯错时别只会指责别人。)同义词digit(正式用语,指手指/脚趾)6. teenager / ti ne d / n. 青少年核心用法可数名词,指 13-19 岁的年轻人,常用作中性词,有时带“叛逆、冲动”的语境。常用搭配 & 短语 teenager life:青少年生活 a group of teenagers:一群青少年 teenager problems:青少年问题 teenager culture:青少年文化例句1. Many teenagers are interested in online games.(很多青少年都对网络游戏感兴趣。)2. As a teenager, she often argued with her parents.(青少年时期的她经常和父母吵架。)同义词youth(青年)、adolescent(青春期的少年)、youngster(年轻人)7. old-fashioned / ld f nd/ adj. 老式的,过时的核心用法形容词,可形容物品、观念、风格等“过时的”,也可带褒义指“守旧的、传统的”。常用搭配 & 短语 old-fashioned clothes:老式衣服 old-fashioned ideas:守旧的观念 old-fashioned methods:过时的方法 old-fashioned values:传统价值观(褒义)例句1. Her grandmother still uses an old-fashioned radio.(她奶奶还在用一台老式收音机。)2. He is a bit old-fashioned, but his ideas are still useful.(他有点守旧,但他的想法依然有用。)同义词outdated、out-of-date、traditional(中性/褒义)、obsolete(废弃的,程度更深)8. puppetry / p p tri/ n. 木偶表演艺术核心用法不可数名词,指木偶表演的艺术形式、技艺,也可指木偶制作/表演的行业。常用搭配 & 短语 traditional puppetry:传统木偶戏 Chinese puppetry:中国木偶戏 puppetry performance:木偶表演 puppetry art:木偶艺术例句1. Puppetry has a long history in China.(木偶戏在中国有着悠久的历史。)2. She learned puppetry from her grandfather.(她从爷爷那里学了木偶表演艺术。)同义词puppet theatre、marionette art9. unless / n les/ conj. 除非……核心用法连词,引导条件状语从句,相当于“if...not”,从句常用一般现在时表将来。常用搭配 & 短语 unless otherwise stated:除非另有说明 unless you try:除非你尝试 unless it rains:除非下雨例句1. You won't pass the exam unless you study hard.(除非你努力学习,否则你通不过考试。)2. We will go hiking tomorrow unless it rains.(除非下雨,否则我们明天就去远足。)同义词/替换表达if...not(最常用替换)、except if(语气更正式)10. performance /p f m ns/ n. 表演;演出核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 performances,既指舞台演出,也可指“表现、业绩、性能”。常用搭配 & 短语 live performance:现场演出 stage performance:舞台表演 academic performance:学业表现 work performance:工作业绩 give a performance:进行一场表演例句1. The school will hold a musical performance next week.(学校下周将举办一场音乐演出。)2. Her performance in the exam was much better than last time.(她这次的考试表现比上次好很多。)同义词show(演出)、act(表演)、presentation(展示/表现)、execution(执行/表现)11. blood /bl d/ n. 血,血液核心用法不可数名词,也可引申为“血统、家族、脾气”。常用搭配 & 短语 give blood:献血 blood type:血型 cold-blooded:冷血的;冷酷的 warm-blooded:温血的;热情的 in cold blood:冷血地;蓄意地 blood pressure:血压例句1. The nurse took a sample of his blood for the test.(护士取了他的血样做检查。)2. He killed the animal in cold blood, which shocked everyone.(他冷血地杀了那只动物,震惊了所有人。)同义词lifeblood(比喻,命脉)、plasma(血浆,专业术语)12. perform /p f m/ v. 表演,演出核心用法动词,可作及物/不及物动词,既指舞台表演,也指“执行、完成、表现”。常用搭配 & 短语 perform on stage:在舞台上表演 perform a play:表演戏剧 perform a task:完成任务 perform well/badly:表现好/差 perform surgery:做手术例句1. She will perform a song at the party tonight.(她今晚要在派对上唱一首歌。)2. The team performed very well in the competition.(这支队伍在比赛中表现得非常出色。)同义词act(表演)、execute(执行)、carry out(完成)、stage(上演)13. edge /ed / n. 边缘核心用法可数/不可数名词,也可作动词表示“缓缓移动”;引申义为“优势、锋利度”。常用搭配 & 短语 on the edge of:在……的边缘 on the edge of one's seat:极为激动、紧张 take the edge off:减弱,缓和 have an edge over:比……有优势 cutting edge:前沿,尖端例句1. She stood on the edge of the cliff, looking down at the sea.(她站在悬崖边,俯瞰大海。)2. The movie was so exciting that I was on the edge of my seatthe whole time.(这部电影太刺激了,我全程都看得紧张又投入。)同义词border(边界)、rim(边缘,圆形物体)、brink(边缘,危险的)、verge(临界点)14. viewer / vju / n. 观看者核心用法可数名词,复数 viewers,指观看电视、演出、视频的观众,也可指“观察者”。常用搭配 & 短语 TV viewers:电视观众 online viewers:线上观众 live viewers:现场观众 the viewer's perspective:观众视角例句1. The show has over 10 million viewers every week.(这个节目每周有超过1000万观众。)2. The painting invites the viewer to think about the meaningof life.(这幅画引发观者思考生命的意义。)同义词audience(听众/观众,集体名词)、spectator(现场观众)、watcher(观看者)15. creativity / kri e t v ti/ n. 独创性,创造性,创造力核心用法不可数名词,指创造新事物的能力,形容词形式为 creative。常用搭配 & 短语 develop creativity:培养创造力 artistic creativity:艺术创造力 lack creativity:缺乏创意 encourage creativity:鼓励创新例句1. Art class helps children develop their creativity.(美术课能帮助孩子培养创造力。)2. The company values creativity more than strict rules.(这家公司比起死板的规则,更看重创造力。)同义词originality(独创性)、imagination(想象力)、innovation(创新)16. volunteer / v l n t / n. 志愿者核心用法可数名词,也可作动词表示“自愿做某事”,形容词形式为 voluntary。常用搭配 & 短语 community volunteer:社区志愿者 volunteer work:志愿工作 volunteer to do sth.:自愿做某事 volunteer for:主动申请/自愿参加例句1. She works as a volunteer at the local hospital on weekends.(她周末在当地医院做志愿者。)2. He volunteered to help clean the park.(他主动帮忙打扫公园。)同义词helper(帮手)、donor(捐赠者,侧重物质)、participant(参与者)17. artist / ɑ t st/ n. 艺术家核心用法可数名词,复数 artists,指从事艺术创作的人(画家、音乐家、演员等),也可指“能手、大师”。常用搭配 & 短语 a famous artist:著名艺术家 street artist:街头艺人 visual artist:视觉艺术家 a makeup artist:化妆师例句1. Picasso is one of the most famous artists in the world.(毕加索是世界上最著名的艺术家之一。)2. She is an artist with words—her writing is always beautiful.(她是文字大师,她的文字总是很美。)同义词creator(创作者)、painter(画家)、musician(音乐家,特指艺术领域时)18. group /ɡru p/ n. 组,群;团体核心用法可数名词,复数 groups,也可作动词表示“分组、聚集”。常用搭配 & 短语 a group of:一群/一组 work in groups:分组合作 group discussion:小组讨论 interest group:兴趣小组 age group:年龄组例句1. We were divided into small groups for the project.(我们被分成了几个小组来做这个项目。)2. A group of students are waiting at the school gate.(一群学生正在校门口等着。)同义词team(团队)、crew(团队,侧重工作)、gang(帮派,贬义)、band(乐队/团伙)19. creator /kri e t / n. 创作者;创造者核心用法可数名词,复数形式为 creators,指创造、创作某物的人,也可特指造物主。常用搭配 & 短语 content creator:内容创作者(短视频/自媒体领域) the creator of sth.:某物的创作者/缔造者 the Creator:造物主(大写,特指上帝) game creator:游戏创作者例句1. She is the creator of this popular comic series.(她是这部热门漫画系列的创作者。)2. The creator of this new app is only 19 years old.(这款新应用的开发者只有19岁。)同义词inventor(发明者)、author(作者)、founder(创始人)、maker(制作者)20. kill /k l/ v. 弄死,杀死核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 killed,现在分词 killing;除了“杀死”,口语中还可表示“消磨时间”“使……停止”。常用搭配 & 短语 kill time:消磨时间 kill two birds with one stone:一石二鸟,一举两得 kill oneself:自杀(正式场合慎用,可用take one's life) kill the mood:破坏气氛 kill off:消灭;杀光例句1. The hunter killed a deer in the forest.(猎人在森林里猎杀了一只鹿。)2. We played cards to kill time while waiting for the train.(等火车的时候我们打牌消磨时间。)同义词slay(书面/文学)、murder(谋杀,强调故意)、eliminate(消灭,正式)、destroy(摧毁)21. scarecrow / ske kr / n. 稻草人核心用法可数名词,复数 scarecrows,指农田里用来吓走鸟类的稻草人,也可比喻“衣衫褴褛的人”。常用搭配 & 短语 like a scarecrow:像个稻草人(形容衣着邋遢) make a scarecrow:扎稻草人 scarecrow in the field:田里的稻草人例句1. The farmer put a scarecrow in the cornfield to keep the birdsaway.(农夫在玉米地里放了个稻草人来驱赶鸟。)2. After working in the rain all day, he looked like a wetscarecrow.(在雨里忙了一天,他看起来像个落汤鸡一样邋遢。)同义词straw man(也可指“稻草人”,也可引申为“稻草人论证”)22. educator / ed uke t / n. 教育家核心用法可数名词,复数 educators,指从事教育工作的人,尤指资深教育者、教育学家。常用搭配 & 短语 a famous educator:著名教育家 early childhood educator:幼儿教育工作者 professional educator:专业教育者 educator and mentor:教育者兼导师例句1. My teacher is not just a tutor, but a true educator.(我的老师不只是个教书的,更是一位真正的教育者。)2. As an educator, she always puts her students first.(作为一名教育工作者,她总是把学生放在第一位。)同义词teacher(教师)、instructor(讲师)、tutor(导师)、educationist(教育学家,英式)23. youth /ju θ/ n. 青年,年轻人核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数形式 youths;既指“年轻人(群体/个体)”,也可指“青春时期”。常用搭配 & 短语 in one's youth:在某人年轻时 the youth of today:当代青年 youth culture:青年文化 youth group:青年团体 youthful spirit:朝气(形容词形式youthful)例句1. She spent her youth traveling around the world.(她年轻时环游了世界。)2. The youth of this country are full of energy and new ideas.(这个国家的年轻人充满活力和新想法。)同义词teenager(青少年)、adolescent(青春期少年)、youngster(年轻人)、young people(复数)24. inspire / n spa / v. 鼓舞,激励核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 inspired,现在分词 inspiring;可表示“激励、鼓舞”,也可表示“赋予灵感”。常用搭配 & 短语 inspire sb. to do sth.:激励某人做某事 inspire confidence/trust:激发信心/信任 inspire awe:令人敬畏 inspire creativity:激发创造力 be inspired by:被……启发/鼓舞例句1. Her story inspired many people to pursue their dreams.(她的故事激励了很多人去追逐梦想。)2. The beautiful scenery inspired the painter to create a newwork.(美丽的风景给了画家创作新作品的灵感。)同义词encourage(鼓励)、motivate(激励)、stimulate(激发)、uplift(鼓舞)25. lie /la / v. 存在,在于;躺;说谎核心用法动词,有多个义项,注意区分不同含义的时态变化: 表示“躺/位于”:过去式 lay,过去分词 lain,现在分词 lying 表示“说谎”:过去式/过去分词 lied,现在分词 lying常用搭配 & 短语 lie in:在于;存在于;睡懒觉 lie down:躺下 lie on the ground:躺在地上 tell a lie:说谎 lie ahead:即将来临例句1. The key to success lies in hard work and patience.(成功的关键在于努力和耐心。)2. He lied to his parents about where he had been.(他向父母谎称自己去了哪里。)同义词exist(存在)、rest(躺)、deceive(欺骗,说谎)26. intelligent / n tel d nt/ adj. 有智慧的,聪明的,悟性强的核心用法形容词,可形容人、动物、事物,强调“理解力强、有智慧”,比单纯的“clever”更侧重理性思维。常用搭配 & 短语 intelligent person:聪明的人 intelligent animal:有智慧的动物 intelligent design:智能设计 intelligent answer:巧妙的回答 highly intelligent:非常聪明例句1. She is an intelligent student who learns new things quickly.(她是个悟性很高的学生,学东西很快。)2. Dolphins are known to be highly intelligent creatures.(海豚被公认为是高智商的生物。)同义词clever(机灵的)、smart(聪明的,口语常用)、wise(明智的,侧重阅历)、brilliant(才华横溢的)27. wealthy / welθi/ adj. 富有的;富裕的核心用法形容词,比较级 wealthier,最高级 wealthiest,侧重“拥有大量财富的”,也可引申为“丰富的”。常用搭配 & 短语 a wealthy family:富裕的家庭 wealthy people:有钱人 wealthy in sth.:在某方面很丰富 financially wealthy:经济上富裕例句1. He comes from a wealthy family and never has to worry aboutmoney.(他出身富裕家庭,从来不用为钱发愁。)2. The region is wealthy in natural resources.(这个地区自然资源丰富。)同义词rich(富有的,通用)、affluent(富裕的,正式)、prosperous(繁荣的)、well-off(家境殷实的)28. independent / nd pend nt/ adj. 自立的;独立的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 independence;可形容人、国家、机构,强调“不依赖他人/他方”。常用搭配 & 短语 independent of:独立于……;不依赖…… independent country:独立国家 independent life:独立生活 become independent:变得独立 financially independent:经济独立例句1. She moved out to live an independent life when she was 18.(她 18岁就搬出去过独立生活了。)2. The country became independent in 1947.(这个国家于1947年独立。)同义词self-reliant(自立的)、autonomous(自治的)、self-sufficient(自给自足的)、free(自由的)29. burst /b st/ v. 冲,闯;(使)爆裂核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 burst,现在分词 bursting;也可作名词表示“爆发、一阵”。常用搭配 & 短语 burst into tears/laughter:突然哭/笑起来 burst out of:冲出 burst into:闯入;突然……起来 burst with joy:欣喜若狂 burst open:突然打开例句1. The balloon burst when I sat on it.(我一坐上去,气球就爆了。)2. She burst into the room with a big smile.(她笑着冲进了房间。)同义词explode(爆炸)、break(破裂)、rush(冲)、erupt(爆发,尤指火山/情绪)30. hidden / h dn/ adj. 隐藏的,隐秘的核心用法形容词,由动词hide(隐藏)的过去分词转化而来,形容事物“看不见的、被藏起来的”。常用搭配 & 短语 hidden danger:隐患 hidden treasure:宝藏 hidden meaning:隐含的意思 hidden talent:不为人知的才能 hidden behind:藏在……后面例句1. There is a hidden door behind the bookshelf.(书架后面有一扇暗门。)2. The problem has a hidden side that no one has noticed.(这个问题有没人注意到的隐藏面。)同义词secret(秘密的)、concealed(隐藏的)、invisible(看不见的)、obscure(模糊的)31. scaled /ske ld/ adj. 有鳞的核心用法形容词,由动词scale(刮鳞;测量)转化而来,指物体表面有鳞片(尤指动物)。常用搭配 & 短语 scaled animals:有鳞动物 scaled skin:带鳞的皮肤 scaled reptiles:有鳞爬行动物例句1. Fish and snakes are scaled creatures.(鱼和蛇都是有鳞生物。)2. The scaled surface of the lizard helps it move smoothly.(蜥蜴带鳞的皮肤能帮助它顺畅移动。)同义词squamate(专业术语,指有鳞的爬行动物)32. claw /kl / n. 爪核心用法可数名词,复数 claws,指动物的爪子,也可作动词表示“用爪抓/撕”。常用搭配 & 短语 cat's claw:猫爪 claw at:用爪抓/挠 claw one's way up:艰难地往上爬 sharp claws:锋利的爪子例句1. The cat sharpened its claws on the tree.(猫在树上磨爪子。)2. She clawed at the door, trying to get out.(她抓挠着门,想要出去。)同义词paw(爪子,尤指猫狗等哺乳动物)、talon(猛禽的利爪)33. wildly / wa ldli/ adv. 激动地核心用法副词,由形容词wild(狂野的)转化而来,可表示“激动地、失控地、极度地”。常用搭配 & 短语 wave wildly:疯狂挥手 cheer wildly:热烈欢呼 be wildly excited:极度兴奋 run wildly:狂奔例句1. The fans cheered wildly when the team won.(球队获胜时,球迷们疯狂欢呼。)2. She waved wildly to get his attention.(她拼命挥手想引起他的注意。)同义词fiercely(猛烈地)、frantically(疯狂地)、excitedly(激动地)34. roar /r / v. 吼叫,呼啸核心用法动词/名词,过去式/过去分词 roared,现在分词 roaring;指动物吼叫、风/机器呼啸,也可指人“大喊大叫”。常用搭配 & 短语 roar with laughter:放声大笑 roar at:对……大吼 the roar of the wind:风的呼啸声 lion's roar:狮吼例句1. The lion roared loudly in the zoo.(狮子在动物园里大声吼叫。)2. He roared with laughter at the joke.(他听了那个笑话放声大笑。)同义词howl(嚎叫)、bellow(吼叫)、shout(大喊)、rumble(轰鸣)35. valley / v li/ n. 谷;山谷核心用法可数名词,复数 valleys,指两山之间的低地,也可引申为“低谷(人生/事业的低潮期)”。常用搭配 & 短语 mountain valley:山谷 the Nile Valley:尼罗河流域 in the valley of despair:在绝望的低谷 valley floor:谷底例句1. We hiked through the beautiful valley at sunrise.(日出时我们徒步穿过了美丽的山谷。)2. She was in a valley of despair after losing her job.(失业后她陷入了人生的低谷。)同义词gorge(峡谷)、canyon(大峡谷)、ravine(沟壑)、basin(盆地)36. scare /ske / v. 使惊恐,吓唬核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 scared,现在分词 scaring;也可作名词表示“惊吓”,形容词形式为scared(害怕的)、scary(吓人的)。常用搭配 & 短语 scare sb. into doing sth.:吓得某人做某事 scare away/off:吓跑 scare sb. to death:把某人吓死 be scared of:害怕……例句1. The sudden noise scared the little girl.(突然的噪音吓到了小女孩。)2. The loud noise scared the birds away.(巨大的声响把鸟吓跑了。)同义词frighten(使害怕)、terrify(使恐惧,程度更深)、startle(使受惊)、alarm(使警觉)37. eagle / i ɡ l/ n. 鹰核心用法可数名词,复数 eagles,指鹰类猛禽,常象征“力量、自由、远见”。常用搭配 & 短语 bald eagle:白头海雕(美国国鸟) golden eagle:金雕 eagle eye:锐利的目光/敏锐的观察力 spread one's eagle wings:展翅高飞例句1. The eagle soared high above the mountains.(鹰在群山之上高空翱翔。)2. She has an eagle eye for mistakes in her work.(她对工作中的错误有着敏锐的观察力。)同义词hawk(鹰/隼,泛指猛禽)、falcon(猎鹰)38. wing /w / n. 翅膀,翼核心用法可数名词,复数 wings,指鸟类/昆虫的翅膀,也可作动词表示“飞;飞奔”。常用搭配 & 短语 spread one's wings:展翅高飞;大展宏图 on the wings of:乘着……的翅膀 take wing:起飞;逃走 wing it:即兴发挥,临时应付例句1. The bird flapped its wings and flew away.(鸟儿扇动翅膀飞走了。)2. After college, she moved abroad to spread her wings.(大学毕业后,她出国去闯荡世界了。)同义词feather(羽毛,不特指翅膀)、appendage(附肢,生物学术语)39. dust /d st/ n. 灰尘,尘埃核心用法不可数名词,也可作动词表示“除尘;扬起灰尘”。常用搭配 & 短语 a speck of dust:一粒灰尘 dust off:掸去灰尘;重新使用 bite the dust:倒下;被打败 gather dust:落满灰尘;被闲置例句1. The old books were covered in dust.(旧书上落满了灰尘。)2. She dusted the furniture before the guests arrived.(客人来之前她掸掉了家具上的灰尘。)同义词dirt(污垢)、grime(污垢,更顽固)、powder(粉末状物质)40. tender / tend / adj. 娇嫩的,幼嫩的,易损坏的核心用法形容词,比较级 tenderer,最高级 tenderest;可形容食物、皮肤、情感,也可表示“温柔的、脆弱的”。常用搭配 & 短语 tender meat:嫩肉 tender skin:娇嫩的皮肤 tender care:细心呵护 tender age:幼年 tender love and care:温柔的关爱例句1. The baby's skin is very tender.(婴儿的皮肤非常娇嫩。)2. She spoke to the child in a tender voice.(她用温柔的声音和孩子说话。)同义词soft(柔软的)、delicate(脆弱的)、gentle(温柔的)、young(年幼的)Unit 2 单词批注1. tin /t n/ n. 罐头;金属盒核心用法可数名词,复数 tins,英式英语常用,美式英语多用 can 表示“罐头”;也可作形容词表示“锡制的”。常用搭配 & 短语 a tin of:一听/一罐…… tin can:金属罐头盒 tin box:金属盒 tin foil:锡纸,铝箔纸 tin opener:开罐器例句1. She bought a tin of tuna for lunch.(她买了一罐金枪鱼当午餐。)2. The cookies are kept in a decorated tin box.(饼干被装在一个装饰过的金属盒里保存。)同义词can(美式,罐头)、container(容器)、metal box(金属盒)2. spare /spe / adj. 备用的;多余的,闲置的核心用法形容词,也可作动词表示“抽出(时间/精力)、饶恕”。常用搭配 & 短语 spare time:空闲时间 spare key:备用钥匙 spare parts:备用零件 spare no effort:不遗余力 spare sb.'s feelings:不伤害某人的感情 have sth. to spare:有多余的某物例句1. Do you have a spare pen I can borrow (你有多余的笔可以借我吗?)2. Can you spare me five minutes I need to talk to you.(你能抽出五分钟吗?我想和你谈谈。)同义词extra(额外的)、unused(未使用的)、backup(备用的)、surplus(剩余的)3. piggy bank 储蓄罐核心用法固定短语,常指造型为小猪的存钱罐,尤指儿童用储蓄罐,也可泛指“个人积蓄”。常用搭配 & 短语 break the piggy bank:打碎储蓄罐(比喻动用积蓄) put coins into a piggy bank:把硬币放进储蓄罐 a ceramic piggy bank:陶瓷储蓄罐例句1. My little sister has a pink piggy bank on her desk.(我妹妹的书桌上有一个粉色的小猪储蓄罐。)2. I had to break my piggy bank to buy the new bike.(为了买新自行车,我不得不动用了自己的积蓄。)同义词money box(存钱罐,通用)、coin bank(储钱罐)4. size /sa z/ n. 大小,尺寸核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 sizes;也可作动词表示“按大小分类;调整尺寸”。常用搭配 & 短语 take the size of:测量……的尺寸 the same size as:和……一样大 small/medium/large size:小/中/大号 full size:全尺寸,标准尺寸 one size fits all:均码,通用 cut sb. down to size:挫某人的锐气例句1. What size shoes do you wear (你穿多大码的鞋?)2. The size of the city has doubled in the last ten years.(这座城市的规模在过去十年里扩大了一倍。)同义词dimension(尺寸,正式)、measurement(测量值)、scale(规模)5. dreamland / dri ml nd/ n. 梦境,理想世界核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 dreamlands,既指“梦境”,也可比喻“世外桃源、理想乡”。常用搭配 & 短语 escape into dreamland:逃进梦境 live in a dreamland:活在理想世界里 a peaceful dreamland:宁静的梦境例句1. She felt like she was in a beautiful dreamland when she wokeup.(醒来时她感觉自己仿佛置身于一个美丽的梦境。)2. The small town is like a dreamland far away from the busycity.(这个小镇就像远离喧嚣城市的世外桃源。)同义词fantasyland(幻想世界)、utopia(乌托邦,理想国)、wonderland(仙境)6. manage / m n d / v. 终于做成,设法做到;管理核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 managed,现在分词 managing;核心义为“成功做到”,也可表示“管理、经营”。常用搭配 & 短语 manage to do sth.:设法做成某事(强调成功) manage a company:管理一家公司 manage on one's own:独立应付 manage one's time:管理时间 manage without:在没有……的情况下应付过去例句1. She managed to finish the report before the deadline.(她终于在截止日期前完成了报告。)2. He manages a small restaurant in the city center.(他在市中心经营着一家小餐馆。)同义词succeed(成功做到)、run(经营)、handle(应付)、administer(管理,正式)7. laptop / l pt p/ n. 笔记本电脑,便携式电脑核心用法可数名词,复数 laptops,指可以放在膝盖上使用的便携式电脑。常用搭配 & 短语 a new laptop:新笔记本电脑 laptop bag:电脑包 laptop computer:笔记本电脑(完整说法) on one's laptop:在笔记本电脑上例句1. She carries her laptop to work every day.(她每天都带着笔记本电脑去上班。)2. The student uses a laptop to take notes in class.(这个学生用笔记本电脑在课堂上记笔记。)同义词notebook computer(笔记本电脑)、portable computer(便携式电脑)8. budget / b d t/ v. 编制预算;n. 预算核心用法动词/名词,动词过去式/过去分词 budgeted,现在分词 budgeting;核心义为“规划开支、做预算”。常用搭配 & 短语 make a budget:制定预算 budget for:为……做预算 on a tight budget:预算紧张 family budget:家庭预算 budget one's time:规划时间例句1. We need to budget our money carefully this month.(这个月我们得仔细规划开支。)2. The company has a large budget for new projects.(这家公司有一大笔新项目预算。)同义词plan(规划)、allocate(分配)、estimate(估算)9. exactly / ɡ z ktli/ adv. 正是,一点不错;精确地核心用法副词,可表示“完全正确”,也可表示“精确地、恰好地”。常用搭配 & 短语 exactly right:完全正确 exactly what I want:正是我想要的 not exactly:不完全是 exactly the same:完全一样例句1. "Is this your book " "Yes, exactly!"(“这是你的书吗?”“对,一点不错!”)2. The train arrived exactly on time.(火车准点到达,一分不差。)同义词precisely(精确地)、absolutely(完全地)、correctly(正确地)10. rate /re t/ v. 对……做评估,评价;n. 比率,等级核心用法动词/名词,动词过去式/过去分词 rated,现在分词 rating;核心义为“评价、定级”,也可表示“比率、速度”。常用搭配 & 短语 rate sb./sth. highly:高度评价某人/某物 rate as:被评为…… heart rate:心率 success rate:成功率 at a high rate:以高速/高频率例句1. Critics rated the movie as one of the best of the year.(评论家把这部电影评为年度最佳影片之一。)2. The interest rate on the loan is 5%.(这笔贷款的利率是5%。)同义词evaluate(评估)、rank(定级)、assess(评价)、speed(速度)11. pleasure / ple / n. 愉快,快乐;满足核心用法不可数名词(表抽象快乐)/可数名词(表乐事),也可用于礼貌用语。常用搭配 & 短语 with pleasure:乐意效劳(回应请求) my pleasure:不客气(回应感谢) take pleasure in:以……为乐 for pleasure:为了消遣 give sb. pleasure:给某人带来快乐例句1. It's a pleasure to meet you.(很高兴认识你。)2. She takes great pleasure in reading.(她以阅读为一大乐事。)同义词joy(快乐)、delight(喜悦)、happiness(幸福)、enjoyment(享受)12. inference / nf r ns/ n. 推论,推断的结果核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 inferences,指根据事实得出的结论、推断。常用搭配 & 短语 draw/make an inference:作出推断 logical inference:逻辑推理 based on inference:基于推断例句1. We can make an inference from his words that he is not happy.(从他的话里我们可以推断出他不开心。)2. The scientist's inference was later proven to be correct.(这位科学家的推断后来被证明是正确的。)同义词conclusion(结论)、deduction(演绎推理)、assumption(假设)13. account / ka nt/ n. 账户;账目;解释核心用法可数名词,复数 accounts;也可作动词表示“解释、认为”。常用搭配 & 短语 bank account:银行账户 take into account:考虑到 on account of:因为,由于 account for:解释;占(比例) open an account:开户例句1. I opened a new savings account at the bank.(我在银行开了一个新的储蓄账户。)2. Bad weather accounts for the delay of the flight.(恶劣天气是航班延误的原因。)同义词record(记录)、explanation(解释)、statement(账目)14. saving / se v / n. 积蓄;存钱;节省核心用法不可数名词(表“节省”)/复数形式 savings(表“积蓄、存款”),动词形式为save。常用搭配 & 短语 life savings:毕生积蓄 savings account:储蓄账户 energy saving:节能 make savings:存钱例句1. She put all her savings into the bank.(她把所有积蓄都存进了银行。)2. The new car will bring us a big saving on fuel.(这辆新车能帮我们省下一大笔油钱。)同义词funds(资金)、deposit(存款)、economy(节省)15. habit / h b t/ n. 习惯核心用法可数名词,复数 habits,指长期养成的行为模式,可指好习惯也可指坏习惯。常用搭配 & 短语 develop/form a habit:养成习惯 get into the habit of:养成……的习惯 break a habit:改掉习惯 good/bad habit:好/坏习惯 out of habit:出于习惯例句1. It's a good habit to brush your teeth twice a day.(每天刷两次牙是个好习惯。)2. He still bites his nails out of habit, even as an adult.(即使成年了,他还是会习惯性地咬指甲。)同义词custom(风俗/习惯,侧重社会/群体)、routine(日常惯例)、practice(惯例/做法)16. value / v lju / n. 价值;v. 重视核心用法名词(不可数/可数),也可作动词表示“重视、珍视”;形容词形式为 valuable(有价值的)。常用搭配 & 短语 the value of:……的价值 place value on:重视…… moral values:道德价值观 value for money:物有所值 value one's time:珍惜时间例句1. The value of this old painting is very high.(这幅古画的价值非常高。)2. She values honesty above everything else.(她把诚实看得比什么都重要。)同义词worth(价值)、importance(重要性)、treasure(珍视)、cherish(珍惜)17. unlike / n la k/ prep. 不像……,和……不同;adj. 不同的核心用法介词,也可作形容词表示“不同的”,反义词为 like(像……)。常用搭配 & 短语 unlike sb./sth.:与某人/某物不同 unlike most people:和大多数人不一样 unlike anything before:前所未有的例句1. Unlike her sister, she loves sports.(和她姐姐不同,她很喜欢运动。)2. This is an unlike situation that we've never faced before.(这是一种我们从未遇到过的特殊情况。)同义词different from(与……不同)、contrary to(与……相反)18. date /de t/ n. 日期,日子;v. 注明日期;约会核心用法可数名词,复数 dates;也可作动词表示“写日期、约会、追溯到”。常用搭配 & 短语 out of date:过时的;过期的 up to date:最新的;现代化的 set a date:定日期 go on a date:去约会 date back to:追溯到例句1. What's the date today (今天是几号?)2. The tradition dates back to the 18th century.(这个传统可以追溯到18世纪。)同义词day(日子)、appointment(约会/约定)、day of the month(日期)19. sale /se l/ n. 出售,销售;廉价销售核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 sales,可指“销售行为”,也可指“大减价”。常用搭配 & 短语 on sale:有售;廉价销售 for sale:待售 sales department:销售部 end-of-season sale:季末大减价 make a sale:做成一笔生意例句1. The new phone will go on sale next week.(这款新手机下周开售。)2. I bought this dress at a 50% sale.(这条裙子是我在五折大减价时买的。)同义词selling(销售)、discount(折扣/减价)、deal(交易/买卖)20. T-shirt / ti t/ n. T 恤(衫)核心用法可数名词,复数 T-shirts,指短袖圆领的棉质上衣。常用搭配 & 短语 cotton T-shirt:棉质 T恤 printed T-shirt:印花 T恤 wear a T-shirt:穿 T恤 plain T-shirt:纯色 T恤例句1. He wears a blue T-shirt and jeans every day.(他每天都穿蓝色T恤和牛仔裤。)2. The school gave us custom T-shirts for the event.(学校为这次活动给我们发了定制T恤。)同义词tee(口语,简称)、tee shirt(完整说法)21. quick /kw k/ adj. 快的;快速的;adv. 快速地核心用法形容词,也可作副词表示“快速地”,副词形式更常用 quickly。常用搭配 & 短语 have a quick look:快速看一眼 quick learner:学得快的人 quick meal:快餐 be quick to do sth.:立刻做某事 as quick as lightning:快如闪电例句1. She gave a quick answer to the question.(她很快就回答了这个问题。)2. Can you be quick We don't have much time.(你能快点吗?我们时间不多了。)同义词fast(快的)、rapid(迅速的)、swift(敏捷的)、speedy(快速的)22. website / websa t/ n. 网站核心用法可数名词,复数 websites,指互联网上的站点。常用搭配 & 短语 visit a website:访问网站 official website:官方网站 create a website:创建网站 website address:网址 on the website:在网站上例句1. You can find all the information on our website.(你可以在我们的网站上找到所有信息。)2. The company launched a new website last month.(这家公司上个月上线了新网站。)同义词site(简称)、web page(网页,更侧重单页)23. organiser / ɡ na z / n. 组织者,安排者核心用法可数名词,复数 organisers(英式拼写,美式拼作organizer),动词形式为organise/organize。常用搭配 & 短语 event organiser:活动组织者 professional organiser:专业组织者 the main organiser:主要组织者 organiser of the party:派对的组织者例句1. She is the organiser of the school sports day.(她是学校运动会的组织者。)2. The conference organisers did a great job.(会议的组织者们做得非常出色。)同义词planner(策划者)、coordinator(协调者)、arranger(安排者)24. dollar / d l / n. 美元核心用法可数名词,复数 dollars,也可指其他国家的“元”货币(如澳元、加元)。常用搭配 & 短语 US dollar:美元 ten dollars:十美元 dollar bill:美钞 dollar sign ($):美元符号 bet one's bottom dollar:打包票,确信无疑例句1. This book costs 20 dollars.(这本书售价20美元。)2. The US dollar is widely used in international trade.(美元在国际贸易中被广泛使用。)同义词buck(口语,美元)、greenback(俚语,美钞)25. cent /sent/ n. 分核心用法可数名词,复数 cents,是美元等货币的辅币单位,100 cents = 1dollar。常用搭配 & 短语 ten cents:十美分 not a cent:一分钱都没有 per cent:百分之……(=percent) cent coin:分币例句1. The candy costs only 50 cents.(这颗糖果只要50美分。)2. He didn't pay me a cent for the work.(他一分钱都没付给我这份工作的报酬。)同义词penny(美分硬币,1美分)、coin(硬币,泛指)26. penny / peni/ n.(美国、加拿大的)一分钱硬币核心用法可数名词,复数 pence(英式)或 pennies(美式),指1美分硬币,也可泛指“小钱”。常用搭配 & 短语 a penny for your thoughts:你在想什么呢 spend a penny:(英式口语)上厕所 every penny:每一分钱 penny-pinching:小气的,吝啬的例句1. I found a penny on the street today.(我今天在街上捡到了一枚一分钱硬币。)2. She saved every penny to buy the house.(她一分钱一分钱地攒钱买了房子。)同义词cent(分币)、coin(硬币)27. exception / k sep n/ n. 例外,除外核心用法可数名词,复数 exceptions,形容词形式为 exceptional(例外的/杰出的)。常用搭配 & 短语 with the exception of:除了……之外 make an exception:破例 no exceptions:没有例外 without exception:毫无例外例句1. All students must take the exam, with no exceptions.(所有学生都必须参加考试,没有例外。)2. I usually don't eat sweets, but I'll make an exception today.(我平时不吃甜食,但今天破例一次。)同义词exclusion(排除)、special case(特殊情况)28. couple / k pl/ n. 一对夫妇;一对情侣;几个,两三个核心用法可数名词,复数 couples,可指“夫妻/情侣”,也可表示“两三个”。常用搭配 & 短语 a couple of:几个,两三个;一对 married couple:已婚夫妇 young couple:年轻情侣 the happy couple:幸福的一对例句1. The old couple has been married for 50 years.(这对老夫妇已经结婚50年了。)2. I'll be there in a couple of minutes.(我几分钟后就到。)同义词pair(一对/一双)、partners(伴侣)、duo(一对搭档)29. treasure / tre / n. 珍宝,珍品;v. 珍视核心用法名词(不可数/可数),也可作动词表示“珍视、珍藏”;形容词形式为 treasured(珍贵的)。常用搭配 & 短语 hidden treasure:宝藏 family treasure:传家宝 national treasure:国宝 treasure sth. deeply:非常珍视某物 treasure hunt:寻宝游戏例句1. The museum has many ancient treasures.(这家博物馆有很多古代珍品。)2. I treasure the memories of my childhood.(我非常珍视童年的回忆。)同义词valuables(贵重物品)、gem(宝石/珍宝)、cherish(珍视)、prize(珍视)30. Christmas Eve / kr sm s i v/ 圣诞前夕,平安夜核心用法固定短语,指12月 24日,圣诞节的前一天晚上。常用搭配 & 短语 on Christmas Eve:在平安夜 Christmas Eve dinner:平安夜晚餐 Christmas Eve party:平安夜派对例句1. We always have a big family dinner on Christmas Eve.(我们总是在平安夜吃一顿丰盛的家庭晚餐。)2. Children hang stockings on Christmas Eve for Santa Claus.(孩子们会在平安夜挂上袜子等圣诞老人送礼物。)同义词Christmas Eve(固定说法,无完全同义表达,可简称为 Eve,需结合上下文)31. certainly / s tnli/ adv. 当然;无疑,肯定核心用法副词,语气比 surely更强,表“确定无疑”,也可用于礼貌回应请求。常用搭配 & 短语 certainly not:当然不 most certainly:毫无疑问 certainly true:千真万确 certainly will:一定会例句1. "Can I borrow your pen " "Certainly!"(“我能借你的笔吗?”“当然可以!”)2. He will certainly pass the exam, he studied so hard.(他肯定能通过考试,他学习非常努力。)同义词of course(当然)、surely(肯定)、definitely(无疑)、absolutely(绝对)32. chain /t e n/ n. 链子,链条;连锁店核心用法可数名词,复数 chains,也可作动词表示“用链条拴住”。常用搭配 & 短语 gold chain:金链子 chain store:连锁店 food chain:食物链 chain reaction:连锁反应 a chain of events:一连串的事件例句1. She wore a silver chain around her neck.(她脖子上戴着一条银项链。)2. There's a chain of coffee shops in every city.(每个城市都有这家连锁咖啡店的分店。)同义词link(链环/链条)、necklace(项链,特指戴在脖子上的链子)、series(一连串)33. expensive / k spens v/ adj. 昂贵的,花钱多的核心用法形容词,反义词为 cheap/inexpensive(便宜的),名词形式为expense(费用)。常用搭配 & 短语 too expensive:太贵了 expensive clothes:昂贵的衣服 an expensive hobby:花钱多的爱好 expensive taste:高消费的品味例句1. This watch is very expensive, I can't afford it.(这块手表太贵了,我买不起。)2. Living in the city is more expensive than in the countryside.(在城市生活比在农村贵得多。)同义词costly(昂贵的)、pricy(口语,价格高的)、high-priced(高价的)b /k m/ n. 梳子;梳状饰物,发插;v. 梳理;仔细搜寻核心用法名词/动词,动词过去式/过去分词 combed,现在分词 combing。常用搭配 & 短语 comb one's hair:梳头 wooden comb:木梳子 comb through:仔细搜查;梳理 comb the area for:在这一带搜寻例句1. She used a comb to tidy her hair before going out.(出门前她用梳子把头发梳整齐。)2. The police combed the forest for the missing child.(警察在森林里仔细搜寻失踪的孩子。)同义词brush(刷子/梳理)、groom(梳理毛发)、search through(仔细搜寻)Unit3单词批注1. remains /r me nz/ n. 遗迹核心用法复数名词(常以复数形式出现),指“剩余物、残骸、遗迹”,尤指古代遗留下来的建筑、器物或生物遗骸。常用搭配 & 短语 ancient remains:古代遗迹 human remains:人类遗骸 cultural remains:文化遗存 dig for remains:发掘遗迹例句1. Archaeologists found some ancient remains in the desert.(考古学家在沙漠里发现了一些古代遗迹。)2. The remains of the old castle are still standing on the hill.(古堡的遗迹依然矗立在山上。)同义词relics(文物/遗迹,侧重历史价值)、ruins(废墟)、leftovers(剩余物,口语)2. kingdom / k d m/ n. 王国核心用法可数名词,复数 kingdoms,指由国王/女王统治的国家;也可引申为“领域、界”。常用搭配 & 短语 the Animal Kingdom:动物界 the Plant Kingdom:植物界 a powerful kingdom:强大的王国 kingdom of heaven:天国例句1. The ancient kingdom was famous for its art and culture.(这个古老的王国以其艺术和文化闻名。)2. In the animal kingdom, bees are very important pollinators.(在动物界里,蜜蜂是非常重要的授粉者。)同义词realm(领域/国度)、domain(领域/领土)、empire(帝国)3. northwest / n θ west/ n. 西北,西北方;adj. 西北的;adv.向西北核心用法名词/形容词/副词,首字母大写常指特定地区(如中国的西北地区)。常用搭配 & 短语 in the northwest of:在……的西北部(范围内部) to the northwest of:在……的西北方(范围外部) Northwest China:中国西北 northwest wind:西北风例句1. The city lies in the northwest of the country.(这座城市位于这个国家的西北部。)2. We are heading northwest to find the ancient tomb.(我们正向西北方向进发,去寻找那座古墓。)同义词northwestern region(西北地区)、NW(缩写)4. archaeologist / ɑ ki l d st/ n. 考古学家核心用法可数名词,复数 archaeologists,指研究古代人类历史、遗迹的专家。常用搭配 & 短语 a famous archaeologist:著名考古学家 an archaeologist from the museum:博物馆的考古学家 work as an archaeologist:从事考古学家工作例句1. The archaeologist spent years studying the ruins.(这位考古学家花了数年时间研究这些废墟。)2. She dreams of becoming an archaeologist to explore ancientsecrets.(她梦想成为一名考古学家,去探索古代的秘密。)同义词historian(历史学家,侧重文献研究)、explorer(探险家)、antiquarian(古物研究者)5. centre / sent / n. 中心;v. 集中(美式拼作 center)核心用法名词(可数)/动词,指地理位置的中心,也可指活动、注意力的中心。常用搭配 & 短语 in the centre of:在……的中心 shopping centre:购物中心 centre on/upon:集中于;以……为中心 research centre:研究中心例句1. There is a beautiful fountain in the centre of the square.(广场中心有一座漂亮的喷泉。)2. Our discussion centred on the problem of pollution.(我们的讨论集中在污染问题上。)同义词middle(中间)、core(核心)、focus(焦点)、hub(枢纽)6. period / p ri d/ n. 时期核心用法可数名词,复数 periods,指一段特定的时间,也可指学时、句号。常用搭配 & 短语 in the past period:在过去的时期 a period of time:一段时间 historic period:历史时期 come to an end:结束(指时期)例句1. He lived in Rome for a period of three years.(他在罗马住了三年时间。)2. The Ice Age was a very cold period in Earth's history.(冰河世纪是地球历史上一个非常寒冷的时期。)同义词stage(阶段)、phase(阶段)、era(时代)、duration(持续时间)7. valuable / v lju bl/ adj. 宝贵的,有价值的核心用法形容词,指“很值钱的”或“很有用的/重要的”,名词形式为 value。常用搭配 & 短语 valuable information:宝贵信息 valuable experience:宝贵经验 valuable antique:珍贵古董 be valuable to sb.:对某人有价值例句1. This is a valuable painting from the 18th century.(这是一幅18世纪的珍贵画作。)2. Your advice was very valuable to me.(你的建议对我来说非常宝贵。)同义词precious(珍贵的)、invaluable(极宝贵的,程度更深)、costly(昂贵的)、priceless(无价的)8. imagination / m d ne n/ n. 想象力核心用法不可数名词(抽象概念)/可数名词(具体的想象事物),形容词形式为 imaginative(富有想象力的)。常用搭配 & 短语 use one's imagination:发挥想象力 beyond imagination:超乎想象 spark one's imagination:激发想象力 childlike imagination:孩童般的想象力例句1. The story fired the children's imagination.(这个故事点燃了孩子们的想象力。)2. He has a strong imagination and often writes fantasy novels.(他有很强的想象力,经常写奇幻小说。)同义词creativity(创造力)、fancy(想象/设想)、vision(愿景/想象)、fantasy(幻想)9. amaze / me z/ v. 使大为惊奇,使惊愕核心用法及物动词,过去式/过去分词 amazed,现在分词 amazing;常用被动语态表示“感到惊讶”。常用搭配 & 短语 amaze sb.:使某人惊讶 be amazed at/by:对……感到惊讶 amaze the world:震惊世界 It amazes me that...:……让我惊讶例句1. Her courage never ceases to amaze me.(她的勇气总是让我大为惊叹。)2. We were amazed at the speed of his recovery.(他恢复的速度让我们感到惊讶。)同义词surprise(使惊讶)、astonish(使惊讶,程度深)、shock(使震惊)、astound(使惊骇)10. dig into sth 探究,探寻核心用法固定短语(动词短语),指“深入调查”或“用手挖开”。常用搭配 & 短语 dig into the past:探究过去 dig into a bag:翻包找东西 dig into research:深入研究 dig into one's pocket:掏口袋例句1. The journalist dug into the company's financial records.(记者深入调查了这家公司的财务记录。)2. He dug into his pocket and pulled out a coin.(他把手伸进口袋里,掏出了一枚硬币。)同义词explore(探究)、investigate(调查)、probe(探查)、search through(搜寻)11. luck /l k/ n. 好运,幸运核心用法不可数名词,形容词形式为 lucky(幸运的),副词为 luckily(幸运地)。常用搭配 & 短语 good luck:好运 bad luck:坏运气 by luck:凭运气 wish sb. luck:祝某人好运 touch wood for luck:摸木头求好运(西方习俗)例句1. I wish you good luck with your exam.(祝你考试好运。)2. He won the game by sheer luck.(他全凭运气赢了比赛。)同义词fortune(运气/命运)、chance(机会/运气)、fate(命运)、serendipity(意外好运)12. researcher /r s t / n. 研究者;调查员核心用法可数名词,复数 researchers,动词形式为 research(研究)。常用搭配 & 短语 scientific researcher:科研人员 market researcher:市场研究员 lead researcher:首席研究员 a team of researchers:一组研究人员例句1. The researcher spent years collecting data.(这位研究员花了数年时间收集数据。)2. Researchers are trying to find a cure for the disease.(研究人员正试图找到治愈这种疾病的方法。)同义词scientist(科学家)、investigator(调查员)、scholar(学者)、analyst(分析师)13. detailed / di te ld/ adj. 详尽的,详细的核心用法形容词,由名词 detail(细节)+ -ed 构成,常修饰信息、计划、描述。常用搭配 & 短语 detailed information:详细信息 detailed plan:详尽计划 detailed description:详细描述 go into detailed analysis:进行详细分析例句1. The report provides a detailed analysis of the market.(这份报告提供了对市场的详细分析。)2. Can you give me a detailed account of what happened (你能给我详细讲讲发生了什么吗?)同义词specific(具体的)、elaborate(详尽的)、thorough(详尽的/彻底的)、comprehensive(全面的)14. cartoon /kɑ tu n/ n. 卡通(片),动画片核心用法可数名词,复数 cartoons,指动画影片或漫画。常用搭配 & 短语 cartoon character:卡通人物 animated cartoon:动画片 Disney cartoon:迪士尼卡通 watch a cartoon:看动画片例句1. My little brother loves watching cartoons on TV.(我弟弟喜欢在电视上看动画片。)2. The artist created a famous cartoon character for the movie.(这位艺术家为电影创造了一个著名的卡通形象。)同义词animation(动画/动画片,统称)、comic strip(连环漫画)、anime(日式动画)15. tomb /tu m/ n. 坟墓,冢核心用法可数名词,复数 tombs,特指较正式或大型的坟墓,常与考古语境连用。常用搭配 & 短语 ancient tomb:古墓 royal tomb:皇陵 dig a tomb:掘墓 tomb raider:盗墓者(喻指)例句1. Archaeologists discovered a hidden tomb in the desert.(考古学家在沙漠中发现了一座隐藏的古墓。)2. The tomb contained many precious gold objects.(这座墓里埋藏着许多珍贵的金器。)同义词grave(坟墓,通用)、sepulchre(陵墓/坟墓,较正式)、burial place(安葬地)16. silk /s lk/ n. 丝绸核心用法不可数名词(原料)/可数名词(丝绸制品),形容词形式为 silky(丝滑的)。常用搭配 & 短语 silk dress:丝绸连衣裙 silk road:丝绸之路 raw silk:生丝 pure silk:纯丝绸例句1. She wore a beautiful red silk scarf.(她戴着一条漂亮的红色丝绸围巾。)2. The Silk Road is a famous trade route in history.(丝绸之路是历史上一条著名的贸易路线。)同义词silk fabric(丝绸织物)、thread(丝线)、satin(缎子)17. matchbox / m t b ks/ n. 火柴盒核心用法可数名词,复数 matchboxes,由 match(火柴)+ box(盒子)构成。常用搭配 & 短语 empty matchbox:空火柴盒 matchbox car:火柴盒小汽车(玩具车) hide in a matchbox:藏在火柴盒里例句1. He kept a few matches in a small matchbox.(他在一个小火柴盒里放了几根火柴。)2. The boy made a tiny boat out of a matchbox.(男孩用一个火柴盒做了一只小船。)同义词match case(火柴盒)、box of matches(一盒火柴)18. archaeological / ɑ ki l d kl/ adj. 考古的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 archaeology(考古学),常用来修饰与考古相关的事物。常用搭配 & 短语 archaeological site:考古遗址 archaeological discovery:考古发现 archaeological research:考古研究 archaeological remains:考古遗迹例句1. The team made an important archaeological discovery in thevalley.(这支队伍在山谷里有了重大的考古发现。)2. This is one of the most famous archaeological sites in theworld.(这是世界上最著名的考古遗址之一。)同义词archaeologic(同义,较少用)---19. statue / st t u / n. 雕像;塑像核心用法可数名词,复数 statues,指用石头、金属等材料制成的人像或神像。常用搭配 & 短语 stone statue:石像 bronze statue:铜像 statue of liberty:自由女神像 life-size statue:真人大小的雕像例句1. There is a marble statue of the hero in the park.(公园里有一座英雄的大理石雕像。)2. The ancient statues were damaged by the earthquake.(这些古老的雕像在地震中受损了。)同义词sculpture(雕塑,统称)、figure(人像/塑像)、monument(纪念碑/雕像)---20. moai / m a / n. 摩埃石像核心用法可数名词,复数 moai/moais,特指复活节岛上的巨型人头石像。常用搭配 & 短语 Easter Island moai:复活节岛摩埃石像 ancient moai:古老的摩埃石像 the giant moai statues:巨型摩埃石像例句1. The moai are large stone statues on Easter Island.(摩埃石像是复活节岛上的巨型石像。)2. Many tourists come to see the mysterious moai every year.(每年都有很多游客来看这些神秘的摩埃石像。)同义词Easter Island heads(口语说法)---21. mystery / m st ri/ n. 神秘事物,谜核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 mysteries,形容词形式为 mysterious(神秘的)。常用搭配 & 短语 solve a mystery:解开谜团 be a mystery to sb.:对某人来说是个谜 unsolved mystery:未解之谜 mystery novel:悬疑小说例句1. The disappearance of the ship remains a mystery.(这艘船的失踪至今仍是个谜。)2. She loves reading stories full of mystery.(她喜欢读充满神秘感的故事。)同义词puzzle(谜题)、enigma(难解之谜)、secret(秘密)---22. possibility / p s b l ti/ n. 可能,可能性核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 possibilities,形容词形式为 possible(可能的)。常用搭配 & 短语 there is a possibility that...:有可能…… rule out the possibility:排除可能性 a strong possibility:很大的可能性 explore all possibilities:探索所有可能性例句1. There is a possibility that the meeting will be cancelled.(会议有可能被取消。)2. We must consider every possibility before making a decision.(做决定前我们必须考虑所有可能性。)同义词chance(机会/可能性)、likelihood(可能性)、potential(潜在可能)---23. pretty / pr ti/ adj. 漂亮的,好看的;adv. 相当,很核心用法形容词(形容人/事物的可爱、漂亮),也可作副词表示“相当”。常用搭配 & 短语 pretty girl:漂亮的女孩 pretty good:相当不错 pretty much:几乎,差不多 pretty soon:很快例句1. She wore a pretty dress to the party.(她穿了一条漂亮的裙子去派对。)2. The exam was pretty difficult, but I think I passed.(考试相当难,但我觉得我过了。)同义词beautiful(美丽的,程度更深)、cute(可爱的)、fair(姣好的)、quite(副词,相当)---24. besides /b sa dz/ prep. 除……之外;adv. 此外,而且核心用法介词/副词,表“除了……之外(还包括)”,区别于 except(除了……之外,不包括)。常用搭配 & 短语 besides that:除此之外 besides English:除了英语之外 have no friends besides you:除了你之外没有别的朋友例句1. Besides his parents, no one knows the secret.(除了他的父母之外,没人知道这个秘密。)2. The house is big; besides, it has a beautiful garden.(这房子很大,而且还有一个漂亮的花园。)同义词in addition to(介词,除……之外)、apart from(除……之外)、moreover(副词,此外)---25. multimedia / m lti mi di / adj. 多媒体的;n. 多媒体核心用法形容词/名词,由 multi-(多)+ media(媒体)构成,指融合多种媒体形式的内容/设备。常用搭配 & 短语 multimedia classroom:多媒体教室 multimedia presentation:多媒体演示 multimedia technology:多媒体技术 multimedia player:多媒体播放器例句1. The school is equipped with modern multimedia classrooms.(这所学校配备了现代化的多媒体教室。)2. Multimedia learning makes lessons more interesting.(多媒体教学让课程更有趣。)同义词mixed media(混合媒体,艺术领域)---26. version / v n/ n. 版本核心用法可数名词,复数 versions,指同一事物的不同形式、改编本或版本。常用搭配 & 短语 the latest version:最新版本 original version:原版 film version:电影版 different versions of the story:故事的不同版本例句1. I have the new version of the software on my computer.(我电脑上装了这款软件的新版本。)2. There are many different versions of this folk tale.(这个民间故事有很多不同的版本。)同义词edition(版本/版次)、adaptation(改编版)、variant(变体)---27. palace / p l s/ n. 王宫;宫殿核心用法可数名词,复数 palaces,指国王/女王居住的大型建筑,也可指豪华建筑。常用搭配 & 短语 royal palace:王宫 summer palace:颐和园/夏宫 the Palace Museum:故宫博物院 palace guard:宫廷侍卫例句1. We visited the ancient palace during our trip.(旅行期间我们参观了这座古老的宫殿。)2. The palace is open to the public every day except Mondays.(这座宫殿除周一外每天都对公众开放。)同义词castle(城堡)、mansion(宅邸/大厦)、royal residence(王室居所)---28. background / b kɡra nd/ n. 背景核心用法可数名词,复数 backgrounds,可指画面背景、出身背景、事件背景。常用搭配 & 短语 family background:家庭背景 educational background:教育背景 background music:背景音乐 in the background:在背景中/在幕后例句1. The photo has a beautiful mountain background.(这张照片的背景是美丽的山景。)2. She comes from a poor family background but works very hard.(她出身贫寒,但工作非常努力。)同义词setting(背景/环境)、context(语境/背景)、backdrop(背景幕)---29. fever / fi v / n. 狂热,兴奋;发烧核心用法可数/不可数名词,可指生理上的发烧,也可指对某事的狂热。常用搭配 & 短语 have a fever:发烧 fever pitch:狂热的顶点 football fever:足球热 fever of excitement:兴奋不已例句1. She stayed home because she had a high fever.(她因为发高烧待在家里。)2. The whole country was in a fever of excitement before the match.(比赛前整个国家都陷入了狂热。)同义词passion(热情/狂热)、craze(热潮)、temperature(体温/发烧)---30. pride /pra d/ n. 自豪,骄傲;v. 以……为傲核心用法名词/动词,形容词形式为 proud(自豪的),可褒可贬(贬指骄傲自大)。常用搭配 & 短语 take pride in:为……感到自豪 be the pride of:是……的骄傲 pride oneself on:以……为荣 swallow one's pride:放下身段/放下骄傲例句1. She takes great pride in her children's achievements.(她为孩子们的成就感到非常自豪。)2. He prides himself on being a good cook.(他以自己是个好厨师为荣。)同义词self-respect(自尊)、dignity(尊严)、arrogance(贬义,傲慢)---31. bat /b t/ n. 蝙蝠;球棒;v. 打(球)核心用法名词/动词,名词复数 bats,可指动物蝙蝠,也可指棒球/板球的球棒。常用搭配 & 短语 baseball bat:棒球棒 as blind as a bat:视力极差 have bats in the belfry:疯疯癫癫 bat an eye:不动声色例句1. Bats usually sleep during the day and come out at night.(蝙蝠通常白天睡觉,晚上出来活动。)2. He swung the bat and hit the ball hard.(他挥棒狠狠击中了球。)同义词club(棍棒)、stick(棍/棒)---32. fridge /fr d / n. 冰箱,冰柜核心用法可数名词,复数 fridges,英式英语常用,美式多用 refrigerator。常用搭配 & 短语 in the fridge:在冰箱里 open the fridge:打开冰箱 fridge door:冰箱门 refrigerator(完整形式):冰箱例句1. Put the milk in the fridge to keep it fresh.(把牛奶放进冰箱保鲜。)2. There's nothing to eat in the fridge.(冰箱里没什么吃的了。)同义词refrigerator(正式)、icebox(美式口语)、freezer(冰柜/冷冻室)---33. magnet / m ɡn t/ n. 磁铁;有吸引力的人/物核心用法可数名词,复数 magnets,形容词形式为 magnetic(有磁性的/有吸引力的)。常用搭配 & 短语 bar magnet:条形磁铁 ** fridge magnet**:冰箱贴 magnet for:对……有吸引力的事物 natural magnet:天然磁石例句1. The magnet stuck to the metal door.(磁铁吸在了金属门上。)2. The city is a magnet for young people looking for jobs.(这座城市对找工作的年轻人很有吸引力。)同义词lodestone(天然磁石)、attraction(吸引力)34. central / sentr l/ adj. 中心的;重要的,主要的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 centre/center(中心),常用来修饰位置、角色、观点。常用搭配 & 短语 central part:中心部分 central idea:中心思想 central government:中央政府 central to:对……至关重要例句1. The hotel is in the central part of the city.(这家酒店位于城市的中心地带。)2. Education is central to the country's development.(教育对这个国家的发展至关重要。)同义词middle(中间的)、core(核心的)、main(主要的)、key(关键的)Unit4单词批注1. northeast / n θ i st/ n. 东北,东北方向;adj. 东北的;adv. 向东北核心用法名词/形容词/副词,首字母大写常指特定地区(如中国的东北地区)。常用搭配 & 短语 in the northeast of:在……的东北部(范围内部) to the northeast of:在……的东北方(范围外部) Northeast China:中国东北 northeast wind:东北风例句1. The village lies in the northeast of the province.(这个村庄位于该省的东北部。)2. We traveled northeast to visit the ancient town.(我们向东北方向出发,去参观那座古镇。)同义词northeastern region(东北地区)、NE(缩写)2. death /deθ/ n. 死,死亡核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 deaths,动词形式为 die,形容词形式为dead。常用搭配 & 短语 death of sb.:某人的死亡 cause of death:死因 to death:极度地;至死 fight to the death:战斗到底 put to death:处死例句1. His death came as a shock to the whole family.(他的死让全家人都很震惊。)2. I'm scared to death of spiders.(我怕蜘蛛怕得要死。)同义词passing(委婉说法,逝世)、demise(正式说法,死亡)、end(生命的终结)3. gentle / d entl/ adj. 温和的,温柔的核心用法形容词,副词形式为 gently,常形容人、声音、动作、天气等。常用搭配 & 短语 gentle voice:温柔的声音 gentle breeze:微风 gentle manner:温和的态度 gentle touch:轻柔的触碰 be gentle with:对……温柔例句1. She has a gentle way of speaking to children.(她对孩子说话的语气很温柔。)2. The gentle wind made the afternoon very pleasant.(微风让这个下午变得非常惬意。)同义词kind(和蔼的)、soft(柔和的)、mild(温和的)、tender(温柔的)4. fighter / fa t / n. 斗士,奋斗者;战斗机核心用法可数名词,复数 fighters,动词形式为 fight,可指人也可指武器。常用搭配 & 短语 a brave fighter:勇敢的斗士 freedom fighter:自由战士 jet fighter:喷气式战斗机 cancer fighter:抗癌斗士例句1. He was a fighter who never gave up in the face of difficulties.(他是个在困难面前从不放弃的斗士。)2. The fighter planes took off to defend the city.(战斗机起飞保卫城市。)同义词warrior(战士)、combatant(战斗人员)、struggler(奋斗者)5. pity / p ti/ n. 可惜,遗憾;同情核心用法名词,也可作动词表示“同情”,形容词形式为 pitiful(可怜的)。常用搭配 & 短语 It's a pity that...:……真可惜/遗憾 have pity on:同情…… feel pity for:为……感到遗憾/同情 what a pity!:真可惜!例句1. It's a pity that you can't come to the party.(你不能来派对真可惜。)2. I felt pity for the homeless children in the street.(我很同情街上那些无家可归的孩子。)同义词regret(遗憾)、sympathy(同情)、shame(憾事)6. war /w / n. 战争核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 wars,形容词形式为 warlike(好战的)。常用搭配 & 短语 go to war:开战 world war:世界大战 civil war:内战 war against:与……的斗争 at war:处于战争状态例句1. Many people lost their homes during the war.(战争期间很多人失去了家园。)2. We are at war with poverty and disease.(我们正在与贫困和疾病作斗争。)同义词conflict(冲突)、battle(战役,规模较小)、combat(战斗)7. fixed /f kst/ adj. 固定的;不变的核心用法形容词,由动词 fix(固定)转化而来,指位置、时间、态度等固定不变。常用搭配 & 短语 fixed time:固定时间 fixed price:固定价格 fixed idea:固执的想法 fixed schedule:固定日程 fixed gaze:凝视例句1. The bookshelf is fixed to the wall.(书架固定在墙上。)2. She has a fixed routine every morning.(她每天早上都有固定的日程。)同义词permanent(永久的)、stable(稳定的)、unchanging(不变的)、set(固定的)8. unchanging / n t e nd / adj. 不变的,恒定的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 un- + 动词 change + -ing 构成,指始终保持不变。常用搭配 & 短语 unchanging rules:不变的规则 unchanging love:永恒的爱 unchanging tradition:不变的传统 remain unchanging:保持不变例句1. The unchanging scenery of the mountains is always beautiful.(这些山一成不变的景色总是很美。)2. His love for her has remained unchanging over the years.(这些年他对她的爱始终没变。)同义词constant(恒定的)、unchangeable(不可改变的)、invariable(不变的)、fixed(固定的)9. entry / entri/ n.(日记的)一则;进入;条目核心用法可数名词,复数 entries,动词形式为 enter,可指记录、进入行为或项目条目。常用搭配 & 短语 diary entry:日记的一则 make an entry:记录一笔/写一则日记 entry into:进入…… dictionary entry:词典条目 entry fee:入场费例句1. She wrote a short entry in her diary every night.(她每天晚上都会在日记里写一则简短的记录。)2. The entry to the park is free for children under 12.(12岁以下儿童免公园门票。)同义词record(记录)、access(进入/入口)、item(条目)、note(记录)10. battle / b tl/ n. 战斗,战役;v. 战斗,斗争核心用法名词/动词,动词过去式/过去分词 battled,现在分词 battling,指具体的战斗或斗争。常用搭配 & 短语 fight a battle:打一场仗 win/lose a battle:赢/输掉一场战役 battle against:与……作斗争 battle for:为……而战 battlefield:战场例句1. The soldiers won the battle after a long fight.(经过长时间的战斗,士兵们赢得了这场战役。)2. She has been battling against illness for years.(她已经和疾病斗争了很多年。)同义词fight(战斗)、combat(格斗/战斗)、struggle(斗争)、war(战争,规模更大)11. temperature / tempr t / n. 温度,气温核心用法可数/不可数名词,复数 temperatures,可指气温、体温。常用搭配 & 短语 high/low temperature:高/低温 take one's temperature:量体温 room temperature:室温 temperature rise:气温升高 have a temperature:发烧例句1. The temperature dropped below zero last night.(昨晚气温降到了零度以下。)2. The nurse took his temperature before the doctor saw him.(医生给他看病前,护士先给他量了体温。)同义词heat(热度)、thermometer reading(温度计读数)、body heat(体温)12. selfless / selfl s/ adj. 忘我的,无私的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 self-(自己)+ -less(无)构成,指不考虑自己、为他人着想。常用搭配 & 短语 selfless love:无私的爱 selfless act:无私的行为 selfless service:无私奉献 be selfless in:在……上无私例句1. She is known for her selfless work helping the poor.(她因无私帮助穷人而闻名。)2. The doctor made a selfless decision to stay and help thesick.(医生做出了留下来帮助病人的无私决定。)同义词unselfish(无私的)、generous(慷慨的)、altruistic(利他的)13. heroic /h r k/ adj. 英雄的,英勇的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 hero(英雄),常形容行为、人物事迹。常用搭配 & 短语 heroic deeds:英雄事迹 heroic act:英勇行为 heroic story:英雄故事 heroic efforts:英勇的努力例句1. The firefighters made a heroic rescue of the children fromthe burning building.(消防员们从着火的大楼里英勇地救出了孩子们。)2. We were inspired by the soldiers' heroic stories.(士兵们的英雄故事激励了我们。)同义词brave(勇敢的)、courageous(有勇气的)、valiant(英勇的)、gallant(英勇的)14. loyal / l l/ adj. 忠贞的,忠实的,忠诚的核心用法形容词,名词形式为 loyalty(忠诚),常形容对人、组织、国家的忠诚。常用搭配 & 短语 be loyal to:对……忠诚 loyal friend:忠实的朋友 loyal customer:忠实的顾客 loyal support:忠诚的支持例句1. She has been loyal to her husband for over 40 years.(她对丈夫忠贞不渝已经超过40年了。)2. The dog is very loyal to its owner.(这只狗对主人非常忠诚。)同义词faithful(忠实的)、devoted(忠诚的)、true(忠实的)、steadfast(坚定的)15. recommend / rek mend/ v. 劝告,建议;推荐核心用法动词,过去式/过去分词 recommended,现在分词 recommending,名词形式为 recommendation(建议/推荐)。常用搭配 & 短语 recommend sb. sth.:向某人推荐某物 recommend doing sth.:建议做某事 recommend sb. to do sth.:建议某人做某事 highly recommend:强烈推荐 recommend for:推荐……用于例句1. I recommend this book to anyone who loves history.(我向所有喜欢历史的人推荐这本书。)2. The doctor recommended taking a break from work.(医生建议暂停工作休息一下。)同义词suggest(建议)、advise(劝告)、endorse(推荐/认可)、advocate(提倡)16. dreamer / dri m / n. 做梦的人;空想家核心用法可数名词,复数 dreamers,动词形式为 dream,可褒可贬(贬指不切实际的空想家)。常用搭配 & 短语 a true dreamer:真正有梦想的人 a hopeless dreamer:不切实际的空想家 follow your dreams:追随梦想(引申用法) big dreamer:有远大梦想的人例句1. She is a dreamer who believes anything is possible.(她是个相信一切皆有可能的追梦者。)2. People called him a dreamer for wanting to build a housein the forest.(人们说他想在森林里建房子是在做白日梦。)同义词idealist(理想主义者)、visionary(有远见的人)、romantic(空想的浪漫主义者)17. burning / b n / adj. 火热的;灼热的;v. 燃烧(现在分词)核心用法形容词/动词现在分词,由动词 burn 转化而来,形容温度、情感、问题等。常用搭配 & 短语 burning sun:烈日 burning love:热烈的爱 burning question:亟待解决的问题 burning building:着火的大楼 burning with anger:怒火中烧例句1. We walked under the burning sun for hours.(我们在烈日下走了好几个小时。)2. The burning wood filled the room with smoke.(燃烧的木头让房间里充满了烟。)同义词hot(热的)、fiery(火热的)、scorching(灼热的)、blazing(熊熊燃烧的)18. countless / ka ntl s/ adj. 无数的,数不尽的核心用法形容词,由否定前缀 count(数)+ -less(无)构成,指数目多得数不清。常用搭配 & 短语 countless stars:无数的星星 countless times:无数次 countless people:无数的人 countless examples:无数的例子例句1. Countless people have died in wars throughout history.(历史上有无数人死于战争。)2. I have told you countless times not to do that.(我已经无数次告诉你别那么做了。)同义词innumerable(无数的)、numerous(许多的)、endless(无尽的)、uncountable(不可数的)19. fearless / f l s/ adj. 无畏的,不怕的核心用法形容词,由 fear(害怕)+ 否定后缀 -less 构成,指毫无畏惧的状态。常用搭配 & 短语 fearless of da 展开更多...... 收起↑ 资源列表 2026外研英语九上单词批注.docx 2026外研英语九上单词批注.pdf