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Unit 4 Inventions （单元测试）2026-2027学年 沪教版 八年级英语上册 解析卷
学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________
（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1．The train station is located ________ the centre of the city.
A．on B．at C．in D．to
【答案】C
【详解】句意：火车站位于市中心。
on在……上；at在（某地点/时间）；in在……里；to向。表示“在市中心”内部，用in，in the centre of意为“在……的中心”。
2．She is ________ tall ________ her sister.
A．so; as B．as; so C．as; as D．so; so
【答案】C
【详解】句意：她和她的姐妹一样高。
as...as 表示“和……一样”，中间用形容词或副词原级，常用于肯定句；so...as 常用于否定句。根据句意可知是肯定句，表示两者身高相同。
3．My brother usually goes to school ________ bike, but today he is ________ his father’s car.
A．by; in B．on; by C．by; on D．on; in
【答案】A
【详解】句意：我哥哥通常骑自行车上学，但今天他坐爸爸的车。
by通过；in在……里；on在……上。by bike是固定搭配，表示“骑自行车”；in one’s car表示“乘汽车”。
4．Tom is as ________ at sports as Bill.
A．good B．well C．better D．best
【答案】A
【详解】句意：汤姆在体育方面和比尔一样好。
good好的；well好；better更好的；best最好的。as...as表示同级比较，中间应用形容词原级；且固定短语be good at意为“擅长”，系动词is后接形容词作表语。
5．—What is one of the most important ancient inventions
—The ________.
A．wheel B．light bulb C．computer D．smartphone
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——最重要的古代发明之一是什么？——轮子。
考查名词辨析。wheel轮子；light bulb灯泡；computer计算机；smartphone智能手机。根据“ancient inventions”可知，轮子是古代的发明。故选A。
6．If you are certain about something, you will have no ________ about it and believe it is true.
A．interest B．idea C．doubt D．detail
【答案】C
【详解】句意：如果你对某件事很有把握，你会对此没有疑问，并相信它是真的。
interest兴趣；idea想法；doubt疑问；detail细节。根据“If you are certain about something”以及“believe it is true”可知，此处表示“没有疑问”，应填doubt。
7．— What’s the ________ from your home to our school
— It’s about 2 kilometers, so I usually walk to school.
A．distance B．length C．space D．time
【答案】A
【详解】句意：——从你家到我们学校有多远？——大约两公里，所以我通常步行去学校。
考查名词辨析。distance距离；length长度；space空间；time时间。根据“It’s about 2 kilometers”可知，此处询问的是距离。故选A。
8．Mike is ________ than Jack, but he can’t run as ________ as Jack.
A．tall; faster B．taller; faster C．tallest; fast D．taller; fast
【答案】D
【详解】句意：迈克比杰克高，但是他跑得不如杰克快。
考查形容词比较级和原级。根据“than”可知，第一空所在句子要用比较级taller；as...as“如……一样”，中间接形容词或副词原级，第二空填fast，故选D。
9．________ it was raining, they still walked to school.
A．Although B．Therefore C．Except D．Instead
【答案】A
【详解】句意：尽管下着雨，他们仍然步行去学校。
Although尽管，虽然；Therefore因此；Except除了；Instead代替，反而。根据后半句中的“still”可知，前后句意存在让步逻辑关系（即“虽然……但是……”）。此处考查连词辨析，Although用于引导让步状语从句，符合句意，应填Although。
10．Linda writes as ________ as Lily and they’re good students.
A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．more carefully
【答案】B
【详解】句意：琳达写得和莉莉一样认真，她们都是好学生。
考查副词原级比较。careful仔细的，形容词；carefully仔细地，副词；more careful更仔细的，形容词比较级；more carefully更仔细地，副词比较级。句中“as…as”表示“和……一样”，中间需用形容词或副词的原级；修饰动词“writes”应使用副词“carefully”。故选B。
11．The wheel is one of the greatest inventions ________.
A．of all time B．for a moment C．without doubt D．in short
【答案】A
【详解】句意：车轮是有史以来最伟大的发明之一。
of all time有史以来；for a moment片刻；without doubt毫无疑问；in short简而言之。根据“one of the greatest inventions”可知，此处强调有史以来最伟大的发明之一，of all time符合语境。
12．________, I think the movie is worth watching twice.
A．Person B．Personal C．Personally D．In person
【答案】C
【详解】句意：就我个人而言，我认为这部电影值得看两遍。
Person人；Personal个人的；Personally就个人而言；In person亲自。根据句意可知，此处需用副词修饰整个句子，表示“就个人而言”，应填Personally。
13．—I don’t think my brother is ________ me. He often forgets things.
—That’s true. He needs to be more attentive.
A．less careful than B．so careless as C．as careful as D．more careless than
【答案】C
【详解】句意：——我认为我弟弟不如我细心。他经常忘事。——确实。他需要更专注一些。
careful细心的；careless粗心的。根据后句“He often forgets things.” 可知，说话人想表达弟弟不如自己细心，应填as careful as。
14．The sports meeting will ________ next Friday. Do you know what time the accident ________
A．take place; happened B．happen; took place
C．take place; took place D．happen; happened
【答案】A
【详解】句意：运动会将在下周五举行。你知道事故是什么时候发生的吗？
take place侧重计划性；happen侧重偶然性。运动会用take place，事故用happen。故选take place; happened。
15．—Li Hua does his homework as ________ as Xiao Lin.
—I don’t think so. I think Xiao Lin is ________ than Li Hua.
A．more carefully; more careful B．carefully; most careful
C．more carefully; most careful D．carefully; more careful
【答案】D
【详解】句意：——李华做作业和小林一样认真。——我不这么认为。我认为小林比李华更认真。
考查副词原级和形容词比较级的用法。carefully认真地，副词原级；more carefully更认真地，副词比较级；more careful更认真的，形容词比较级；most careful最认真的，形容词最高级。根据“Li Hua does his homework as...as Xiao Lin.”可知，第一空修饰动词“does”，需用副词，as...as之间应用原级，as carefully as表示“与……一样认真地”；根据“I think Xiao Lin is...than Li Hua.”可知，第二空应用形容词比较级作表语。故选D。
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Great inventions shape our world. Every time we use a car, a phone or a printer, we should thank the great inventors in history.
Thomas Newcomen invented the first steam engine in 1712. At that time, people needed to dig coal from deep ground. His engine helped people work at great 16 underground. However, the first steam engine was not very 17 and wasted lots of energy.
Years later, James Watt made great 18 to the steam engine. He changed its structure and added new parts. The improved engine became much stronger and could be 19 in trains, ships and factories. It even pushed the Industrial Revolution forward.
Watt also invented the word “horsepower” to show how 20 an engine could be. Later, people named the unit of power “watt” to 21 him.
Inventions never stop. From ancient movable type to modern digital printers, from simple wheels to fast flying cars, humans always keep 22 new things. Some inventions make our life more 23 ; some help us save time and energy; others let us know more about the world.
We can’t live a comfortable life 24 these great inventions. As students, we should learn from inventors, keep thinking and be ready to 25 new ideas in the future.
16．A．heights B．depths C．speeds D．times
17．A．powerful B．weak C．cheap D．small
18．A．mistakes B．decisions C．improvements D．problems
19．A．used B．sold C．built D．kept
20．A．weak B．heavy C．strong D．slow
21．A．forget B．remember C．dislike D．refuse
22．A．invent B．inventing C．to invent D．invented
23．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．dangerous
24．A．with B．for C．without D．about
25．A．come up with B．give up C．take off D．turn down
【答案】
16．B 17．A 18．C 19．A 20．C 21．B 22．B 23．A 24．C 25．A
【导语】本文介绍伟大发明对世界的影响，重点讲述蒸汽机的发明与改进，说明发明改变生活，旨在鼓励学生勇于创新。
【详解】16．句意：他的引擎帮助人们在地下深处工作。
根据前文“dig coal from deep ground”可知，是在地下深处工作，depths“深度”符合语境。heights“高度”；speeds“速度”；times“次数”与地下挖掘语境不符。
17．句意：然而，第一台蒸汽机不是很强大且浪费能源。
根据“wasted lots of energy”及后文Watt改进后引擎“stronger”可知，最初的引擎不够强大powerful。weak“弱的”；cheap“便宜的”；small“小的”与语境矛盾。
18．句意：詹姆斯·瓦特对蒸汽机做了重大改进。
根据“changed its structure and added new parts”可知，这是对引擎的优化改进，improvements“改进”符合语境。mistakes“错误”；decisions“决定”；problems“问题”不符合瓦特贡献的事实。
19．句意：改进后的引擎可以被用在火车、轮船和工厂里。
根据语境，引擎是在交通工具和工厂中被投入使用，used“使用”符合语境。sold“卖”；built“建造”；built“保持”不符合引擎功能的描述。
20．句意：瓦特发明“马力”一词来显示引擎有多强大。
根据“horsepower”及前文提到引擎变得“stronger”可知，此处指引擎的力量强弱，strong形容动力强弱。weak“弱的”；heavy“重的”；slow“慢的”与马力定义无关。
21．句意：后来人们命名功率单位“瓦特”来纪念他。
以发明者名字命名单位是为了纪念其贡献，remember“纪念”符合语境。forget“忘记”；dislike“不喜欢”；refuse“拒绝”情感色彩不符。
22．句意：从古活字印刷术到现代数码打印机，从简易车轮到高速飞行汽车，人类一直保持发明新事物。
固定搭配keep doing sth.表示“一直做某事”，需用动名词形式inventing。invent/to invent/invented形式错误。
23．句意：一些发明使我们的生活更方便；有些发明帮我们节省时间与精力；另一些则让我们更了解这个世界。
根据发明带来的积极影响(save time and energy)可知，生活变得更便利convenient。difficult“困难的”；boring“无聊的”；dangerous“危险的”均为消极词汇。
24．句意：没有这些伟大发明，我们无法过上舒适的生活。
can’t…without 构成双重否定，意为“离不开”，符合逻辑。with“有”；for“为了”；about“关于”均语义不符。
25．句意：作为学生，我们要向发明家学习，勤于思考，将来准备好想出新创意。
come up with ideas为固定搭配，意为“想出主意”，符合学生创新语境。give up“放弃”；take off“起飞/脱下”；turn down“拒绝/调低”含义不符。
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
In the future, flying cars will be everywhere. They can run on roads and fly in the sky. They use clean energy, so they won’t pollute the air. Flying cars can avoid traffic accidents easily. We will spend less time on trips and enjoy a more efficient life.
In the future, robot helpers will be very popular in our homes. They can clean rooms, cook nice food and even help with homework. They work all day without feeling tired. With robot helpers, people will have more free time to do fun things.
In the future, smart wardrobes (衣柜) will be very useful at home. They can keep our clothes clean and tidy. They can also choose the right clothes for us according to the weather. With a smart wardrobe, we don’t need to spend much time picking clothes every morning.
26．What does the writer predict about flying cars in the future
A．They won’t fly on roads. B．They will use more energy.
C．They won’t pollute the air. D．They’ll be small and cheap.
27．What will people probably do in their free time with the help of robots in the future
A．Clean rooms. B．Cook nice food.
C．Help with homework. D．Watch interesting movies.
28．How will smart wardrobes help us in the future according to the passage
A．Make clothes. B．Change our clothes.
C．Wash and dry our clothes. D．Choose the right clothes.
29．What will the future be like according to the passage
A．People won’t work anymore. B．Every home will have three robots.
C．There will be no traffic accidents. D．People will have more free time for fun.
30．Where does the passage probably come from
A．A story book. B．A travel guide. C．A science magazine. D．An art magazine.
【答案】26．C 27．D 28．D 29．D 30．C
【导语】本文介绍了作者对飞行汽车、家用机器人助手、智能衣柜三种未来科技产物的构想，畅想了科技发展会给未来人们生活带来的诸多便利。
【详解】26．细节理解题。根据“They use clean energy, so they won’t pollute the air”可知，作者预测飞行汽车使用清洁能源，不会污染空气。故选C。
27．推理判断题。根据“In the future, robot helpers will be very popular in our homes. They can clean rooms, cook nice food and even help with homework. They work all day without feeling tired. With robot helpers, people will have more free time to do fun things.”可知，第二段提到清洁房间、做饭、辅导作业都是机器人要做的事，人们会有更多空闲时间做有趣的事。选项D“看有趣的电影”属于人们空闲时会做的乐事。故选D。
28．细节理解题。根据“They can also choose the right clothes for us according to the weather”可知，智能衣柜可以帮我们挑选合适的衣服。故选D。
29．细节理解题。根据“With robot helpers, people will have more free time to do fun things.”可知，未来人们会有更多空闲时间享受乐趣。故选D。
30．推理判断题。本文介绍未来的三种科技发明，属于科技预测内容，最可能出自科学杂志。故选C。
B
Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health.
▲
The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illnesses earlier. They can do more tests and give advice.
Can ThermoFace work perfectly
Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem.
ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors.
31．What can ThermoFace mainly do
A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health.
C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature.
32．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”
A．How does ThermoFace work B．Why can ThermoFace show age
C．Where does the idea come from D．When does the temperature get higher
33．Which is probably the result of the research (area of eyes: — area of nose:--)
A． B．
C． D．
34．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3
A．ways B．secrets C．reasons D．exercises
35．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use
A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure.
【答案】31．B 32．A 33．A 34．C 35．D
【导语】本文主要介绍新型测温工具ThermoFace的功能、原理、局限性及应用前景。
【详解】31．根据第一段“it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health.”可知，ThermoFace的主要功能是检查健康状况。
32．第二段详细解释了面部温度变化与年龄、疾病的关系，因此该段的小标题最可能是“它是如何工作的”。
33．根据第二段“随着年龄增长，鼻子温度下降更快，眼周温度上升”，可知，正确图示是A。
34．第三段列举了“运动和吃冰淇淋”等会影响面部温度的事情，因此“factors”意为“因素、原因”。
35．最后一段作者说“we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors.”，表明对实际应用持不确定态度。
C
Have you been amazed by the robot performances at the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games Actually, robots are now part of our lives. They can not only play music and dance, but also help us a lot in many ways. Sophia
Sophia was “born” in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen! She is a mix of AI and human input, so she can have a real conversation with you and develop her own feelings and actions. Besides this, she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research. With Sophia’s help, scientists can complete their work more successfully. Who knows-maybe one day you will make friends with a robot like Sophia Cleaning Robots
These small, round objects are becoming increasingly popular in homes to give a helping hand with daily housework like cleaning the floor! All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!Restaurant Robots
How stressful is it to work at a busy restaurant with not a lot of help That’s exactly how millions of waiters must feel: sometimes, they have to wait on hundreds of tables but only have two hands! Thankfully, new robot waiters are a great help. The machines have several trays (托盘) so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food.
Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners. Who knows what amazing robots we will see next Maybe the next great robot inventor is you!
36．What makes Sophia different from other robots
A．She is popular with Hong Kong scientists.
B．She is the first robot citizen in the world.
C．She can play music and dance at important events.
D．She can help waiters with service in busy restaurants.
37．What does the underlined word “vital” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Important. B．Funny. C．Simple. D．Social.
38．What do you need to do before making a cleaning robot work
A．Let it make friends with other home robots.
B．Check its trays and repair the broken plates.
C．Teach it to clean the floor and throw away rubbish.
D．Give it a space plan and program the cleaning time.
39．How do restaurant robots help waiters
A．Talk with many customers.
B．Wait for people by the table.
C．Carry plates and help to cook.
D．Invent new cleaning machines.
40．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards robots
A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Negative.
【答案】36．B 37．A 38．D 39．C 40．C
【导语】本文主要介绍了机器人Sophia、清洁机器人和餐厅机器人在日常生活中的应用，展示了机器人如何以酷炫且实用的方式改变我们的世界。
【详解】36．细节理解题。根据“Sophia was ‘born’ in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen!”可知，Sophia与其他机器人的不同之处在于她是世界上第一个机器人公民。故选B。
37．词句猜测题。根据“she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research.”可知，Sophia在科学、医学和技术研究中扮演重要角色，因此vital意为“重要的”。故选A。
38．细节理解题。根据“All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!”可知，使用清洁机器人前需要给它空间规划并设置清洁时间。故选D。
39．细节理解题。根据“The machines have several trays so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food.”可知，餐厅机器人通过运送餐盘和协助烹饪来帮助服务员。故选C。
40．观点态度题。根据“Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners.”可知，作者对机器人持积极态度。故选C。
四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
DeepSeek is a new AI company from China. Recently, it has become very popular. On January 20th, 2025, DeepSeek introduced two new models. 41 One of the models, called DeepSeek-RI-Zero, is very special. It can solve maths problems, write simple code, and chat like humans. What’s special It learns by practicing, not just reading examples.
DeepSeek-RI-Zero learns like students that do homework. Other AI systems need many examples to learn, but RI improves by itself. “It’s like teaching a bird to fly,” said an engineer. “ 42 ”
The AI is free (免费的) for schools and small businesses. 43
But there are challenges (挑战) . 44 The team is trying to fix this. “We want AI to help everyone around the world,” they said.
DeepSeek’s success shows that China is getting better at making AI, 45 It tells us that great things come from creativity (创造力) and hard work, not just money.
A．AI will not make any mistakes.
B．These models are very smart and can do many things.
C．It is changing the world of AI.
D．The more it tries, the better it works.
E．A teacher in Vietnam said, “Now even villagers can use AI without worrying about costs.”
F．Somebody worries that AI will take away human jobs in the future.
【答案】41．B 42．D 43．E 44．F 45．C
【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了中国AI公司DeepSeek推出的新型智能模型DeepSeek-RI-Zero。
【详解】41．根据“On January 20th, 2025, DeepSeek introduced two new models. One of the models…is very special. It can solve maths problems, write simple code, and chat like humans.”可知，此空应承接“介绍新模型”并说明其功能，选项B“这些模型非常智能，能做很多事。”符合语境，故选B。
42．根据“Other AI systems need many examples to learn, but RI improves by itself. ‘It’s like teaching a bird to fly.’”可知，此处应说明该模型通过自我尝试变得更好，选项D“它尝试得越多，效果就越好。”符合语境，故选D。
43．根据“The AI is free for schools and small businesses.”可知，此空应承接“免费”的特点，举例说明其实际应用中的优势，选项E“越南一位老师说：‘现在连村民都可以不用担心费用使用人工智能了。’”符合语境，故选E。
44．根据“But there are challenges.”可知，此空应提出具体挑战，选项F“有人担心人工智能未来会夺走人类的工作。”符合语境，故选F。
45．根据“DeepSeek’s success shows that China is getting better at making AI…”可知，此处应说明该成果对人工智能领域的影响，选项C“它正在改变人工智能的世界。”符合语境，故选C。
五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
A
Computers are very common in our modern life now. The first computers were bigger than cars. But now they are becoming much smaller and better. Some computers are so tiny that you may be u 46 of them. There is probably one inside your TV or washing machine. You d 47 on computers more than you can realize.
We can do many things with computers. For example, we can use computers to calculate things. They can calculate things at a very fast speed and almost never give w 48 answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In a 49 , computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.
However, computers cannot be cleverer than us. Our b 50 can produce new ideas but computers cannot. But one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings.
【答案】46．(u)naware 47．(d)epend 48．(w)rong 49．(a)ddition 50．(b)rains
【导语】本文主要讲了电脑的发展、人们对其的依赖、电脑的多种功能，同时指出电脑虽不及人类大脑能产生新想法，但未来可能超越人类。
46．句意：有些电脑非常小，以至于你可能没有意识到它们的存在。根据“Some computers are so tiny”以及首字母提示可知，此处表达“没有意识到”的含义，“unaware”意为“未察觉的、不知道的”，符合语境。故填(u)naware。
47．句意：你对电脑的依赖程度比你意识到的要深。根据“on computers more than you can realize.”以及首字母提示可知，此处指“依赖电脑”，“depend on”意为“依靠、依赖”。句子时态为一般现在时，主语“you”为第二人称，谓语动词用原形。故填(d)epend。
48．句意：它们可以以极快的速度计算，而且几乎从不给出错误的答案。根据“They can calculate things at a very fast speed”以及首字母提示可知，此处与“正确”相对，指“错误的答案”，“wrong”意为“错误的”，符合语境。故填(w)rong。
49．句意：此外，电脑还能做一些重要的工作，比如操控铁路、驾驶飞机和宇宙飞船。根据“We can also type and draw things with them.”以及首字母提示可知，此处是进一步补充说明，“in addition”意为“此外、另外”。故填(a)ddition。
50．句意：我们的大脑可以产生新的想法，但电脑不能。根据“produce new ideas”以及首字母提示可知，能产生新想法的是“大脑”，“brain”意为“大脑”，此处指人类的大脑，用复数形式“brains”。故填(b)rains。
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guide dogs are important for blind (失明的) people. However, not everyone 51 (be) lucky enough to have such a life helper.
There are more than 5,000,000 blind people in our country, 52 there are only about 400 guide dogs. A blind person has to wait 53 a long time to get a guide dog. Also, it is very expensive to train a guide dog. All of these make it impossible for all the blind people to have 54 (they) guide dogs. Last year, a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University 55 (build) a robot guide dog to help blind people. The robot dog has six legs and is very smart. It can see, listen and speak. Now it is 56 (easy) for blind people to have a guide dog than before. Some people think it might be 57 (danger) for the blind to use the robot guide dog. The head of the team says there is no need to worry about it. First, with six legs, the robot guide dog is able 58 (walk) smoothly (平稳地). Second, users can ask the robot to walk 59 (slow) or quickly. What’s more, the robot can read traffic lights and avoid obstacles (躲避障碍). The team are hopeful about the future of their robot guide dog. They believe if the blind have a robot guide dog, they 60 (live) a better life.
【答案】
51．
is 52．
but 53．
for 54．
their 55．
built 56．
easier 57．
dangerous 58．
to walk 59．
slowly 60．
will live
【导语】本文介绍了导盲犬的重要性及短缺现状，重点讲述了上海交大团队研发机器导盲犬帮助盲人，展望了其美好未来。
【详解】51．句意：然而，并不是每个人都足够幸运拥有这样的生活帮手。主语everyone是不定代词，谓语动词需用单数形式，且时态为一般现在时，故填is。
52．句意：我国有500多万盲人，但只有大约400只导盲犬。前后句意存在转折关系，应用连词but连接。
53．句意：盲人要等很长时间才能得到导盲犬。wait for为固定短语，意为“等待”，故填for。
54．句意：所有这些使得不是所有的盲人都可能拥有自己的导盲犬。修饰名词“guide dogs”需用形容词性物主代词their。
55．句意：去年，上海交通大学的一个团队制造了一个机器人导盲犬来帮助盲人。时间状语“Last year”表明是一般过去时，build需用其过去式形式built。
56．句意：现在盲人比以前更容易拥有导盲犬。根据“than before”可知应用比较级，easy变为 easier。
57．句意：有些人认为对盲人来说使用机器导盲犬可能很危险。be动词后接形容词作表语，名词 danger变为dangerous。
58．句意：首先，机器人导盲犬有六条腿，能够平稳地行走。be able to do sth.“能够做某事”，故填to walk。
59．句意：其次，用户可以要求机器人走慢一点或快一点。修饰动词walk且与副词quickly 并列，应用slow的副词形式slowly。
60．句意：他们相信如果盲人有了机器导盲犬，他们会过得更好。if引导的条件状语从句遵循“主将从现”原则，主句用一般将来时will live。
六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
61．我希望能像我爸爸一样强壮。
I hope I can be ________ ________ ________ my father.
【答案】 as strong as
【详解】根据中英文句子可知，空处填 “和爸爸一样强壮”。 as…as：和……一样，中间接形容词原级；strong：强壮的，即as strong as表示 “和……一样强壮”，故填as；strong；as。
62．我厌倦了一直做同一件事。
I ________ ________ ________ doing the same thing all the time.
【答案】 am tired of
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处缺“厌倦”，英文表达为“be tired of”，句子是一般现在时，主语是“I”，be动词用am。故填am；tired；of。
63．我们无法确切地说接下来会发生什么。
We can’t say ________ ________ what will happen next.
【答案】 for sure
【详解】根据中英文对照可知，此处考查“确切地”，for sure意为“确切地”符合题意，故填for；sure。
64．他为考试努力学习，结果他取得了好成绩。
He studied hard for the exam, and ________ ________ ________, he got a good grade.
【答案】 as a result
【详解】根据中英文对照，缺少“结果”，对应短语为as a result。故填as；a；result。
65．发明家因他们的发明而出名。
Inventors _______ ________ ________ their inventions.
【答案】 are famous for
【详解】be famous for“因……而出名”，句子应用一般现在时，主语为Inventors，be动词用are。故填are；famous；for。
七、书面表达(15分)
66．世界上有很多发明，它们正在渐渐地改变我们的生活方式。英语课上，同学们正在准备以“The Invention that Influences My Life Most”为主题的演讲活动。请你以李华的名义写一篇演讲稿，向同学们介绍一项对你生活影响最大的发明。
提示：
What is the invention that influences your life most
How does it influence your life
What are your feelings about it
要求：(1) 演讲稿须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2) 演讲词中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名；(3) 词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to talk about an invention that influences my life most.
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Thanks for your attention!
【答案】例文：
Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to talk about an invention that influences my life most.
The invention is the smartphone. I can use it to keep in touch with my family and friends through video calls, even when we’re far apart. When I have study problems, I can search for answers or watch online courses easily. Also, it allows me to listen to music and take photos, making my life more convenient. I feel really lucky to live in such a technological age. The smartphone is not just a tool but a good helper that makes my life better.
Thanks for your attention!
【详解】[总体分析]
①题材：本文是一篇讲稿；
②时态：时态为“一般现在时”；
③提示：写作要点已给出，不得遗漏，可适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。
[写作步骤]
第一步：开门见山，点明主题；
第二步：详细描述这项发明及其影响，与自己的感受；
第三步：书写结尾，表达感谢。
[亮点词汇]
①keep in touch with与……保持联系
②online courses在线课程
③more convenient更便利
④a good helper一个好帮手
[高分句型]
①When I have study problems, I can search for answers or watch online courses easily.(时间状语从句)
②The smartphone is not just a tool but a good helper that makes my life better.(定语从句)
试卷第1页，共3页
试卷第1页，共3页Unit 4 Inventions （单元测试）2026-2027学年 沪教版
八年级英语上册
学校:___________班级：___________姓名：___________分数：___________
（时间：90分钟，满分：100分）
一、单项选择（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
1．The train station is located ________ the centre of the city.
A．on B．at C．in D．to
2．She is ________ tall ________ her sister.
A．so; as B．as; so C．as; as D．so; so
3．My brother usually goes to school ________ bike, but today he is ________ his father’s car.
A．by; in B．on; by C．by; on D．on; in
4．Tom is as ________ at sports as Bill.
A．good B．well C．better D．best
5．—What is one of the most important ancient inventions
—The ________.
A．wheel B．light bulb C．computer D．smartphone
6．If you are certain about something, you will have no ________ about it and believe it is true.
A．interest B．idea C．doubt D．detail
7．— What’s the ________ from your home to our school
— It’s about 2 kilometers, so I usually walk to school.
A．distance B．length C．space D．time
8．Mike is ________ than Jack, but he can’t run as ________ as Jack.
A．tall; faster B．taller; faster C．tallest; fast D．taller; fast
9．________ it was raining, they still walked to school.
A．Although B．Therefore C．Except D．Instead
10．Linda writes as ________ as Lily and they’re good students.
A．careful B．carefully C．more careful D．more carefully
11．The wheel is one of the greatest inventions ________.
A．of all time B．for a moment C．without doubt D．in short
12．________, I think the movie is worth watching twice.
A．Person B．Personal C．Personally D．In person
13．—I don’t think my brother is ________ me. He often forgets things.
—That’s true. He needs to be more attentive.
A．less careful than B．so careless as C．as careful as D．more careless than
14．The sports meeting will ________ next Friday. Do you know what time the accident ________
A．take place; happened B．happen; took place
C．take place; took place D．happen; happened
15．—Li Hua does his homework as ________ as Xiao Lin.
—I don’t think so. I think Xiao Lin is ________ than Li Hua.
A．more carefully; more careful B．carefully; most careful
C．more carefully; most careful D．carefully; more careful
二、完形填空（本大题共10小题，每小题1分，满分10分）
阅读短文，从A、B、C、D 四个选项中选出最佳选项。
Great inventions shape our world. Every time we use a car, a phone or a printer, we should thank the great inventors in history.
Thomas Newcomen invented the first steam engine in 1712. At that time, people needed to dig coal from deep ground. His engine helped people work at great 16 underground. However, the first steam engine was not very 17 and wasted lots of energy.
Years later, James Watt made great 18 to the steam engine. He changed its structure and added new parts. The improved engine became much stronger and could be 19 in trains, ships and factories. It even pushed the Industrial Revolution forward.
Watt also invented the word “horsepower” to show how 20 an engine could be. Later, people named the unit of power “watt” to 21 him.
Inventions never stop. From ancient movable type to modern digital printers, from simple wheels to fast flying cars, humans always keep 22 new things. Some inventions make our life more 23 ; some help us save time and energy; others let us know more about the world.
We can’t live a comfortable life 24 these great inventions. As students, we should learn from inventors, keep thinking and be ready to 25 new ideas in the future.
16．A．heights B．depths C．speeds D．times
17．A．powerful B．weak C．cheap D．small
18．A．mistakes B．decisions C．improvements D．problems
19．A．used B．sold C．built D．kept
20．A．weak B．heavy C．strong D．slow
21．A．forget B．remember C．dislike D．refuse
22．A．invent B．inventing C．to invent D．invented
23．A．convenient B．difficult C．boring D．dangerous
24．A．with B．for C．without D．about
25．A．come up with B．give up C．take off D．turn down
三、阅读理解（本大题共15小题，每小题2分，满分30分）
A
In the future, flying cars will be everywhere. They can run on roads and fly in the sky. They use clean energy, so they won’t pollute the air. Flying cars can avoid traffic accidents easily. We will spend less time on trips and enjoy a more efficient life.
In the future, robot helpers will be very popular in our homes. They can clean rooms, cook nice food and even help with homework. They work all day without feeling tired. With robot helpers, people will have more free time to do fun things.
In the future, smart wardrobes (衣柜) will be very useful at home. They can keep our clothes clean and tidy. They can also choose the right clothes for us according to the weather. With a smart wardrobe, we don’t need to spend much time picking clothes every morning.
26．What does the writer predict about flying cars in the future
A．They won’t fly on roads. B．They will use more energy.
C．They won’t pollute the air. D．They’ll be small and cheap.
27．What will people probably do in their free time with the help of robots in the future
A．Clean rooms. B．Cook nice food.
C．Help with homework. D．Watch interesting movies.
28．How will smart wardrobes help us in the future according to the passage
A．Make clothes. B．Change our clothes.
C．Wash and dry our clothes. D．Choose the right clothes.
29．What will the future be like according to the passage
A．People won’t work anymore. B．Every home will have three robots.
C．There will be no traffic accidents. D．People will have more free time for fun.
30．Where does the passage probably come from
A．A story book. B．A travel guide. C．A science magazine. D．An art magazine.
B
Researchers from Peking University created a new tool called ThermoFace. Different from older ways to look at one’s body temperature, it looks at different parts of the face to check people’s age and health.
▲
The face has many blood vessels (血管). With their help, ThermoFace can find “hot” and “cool” areas in the face that change with age and illness. For example, as people become older, the temperature of their nose goes down faster than other parts of their face. If someone’s nose is warmer, it means he has a younger. However, the area around the eyes usually gets hotter as people get older. Scientists also find that people with high blood pressure (血压) have warmer cheeks. With ThermoFace, doctors can notice people’s illnesses earlier. They can do more tests and give advice.
Can ThermoFace work perfectly
Will ThermoFace work the same for everyone We still don’t know. Other factors, like exercise and eating ice cream, can change the temperature of your face. The tool can’t tell us why something happened, but it can show doctors that there might be a problem.
ThermoFace is helpful for research (研究), but we still need to find out if it can be used in real life to help doctors.
31．What can ThermoFace mainly do
A．It can tell someone’s name. B．It can check someone’s health.
C．It can change someone’s face. D．It can take someone’s temperature.
32．Which of the following can be put in “ ▲ ”
A．How does ThermoFace work B．Why can ThermoFace show age
C．Where does the idea come from D．When does the temperature get higher
33．Which is probably the result of the research (area of eyes: — area of nose:--)
A． B．
C． D．
34．What does the underlined word “factors” mean in Paragraph 3
A．ways B．secrets C．reasons D．exercises
35．What does the writer think of ThermoFace in real-life use
A．Helpful. B．Difficult. C．Successful. D．Unsure.
C
Have you been amazed by the robot performances at the opening ceremony of the 15th National Games Actually, robots are now part of our lives. They can not only play music and dance, but also help us a lot in many ways. Sophia
Sophia was “born” in Hong Kong and she’s the world’s first-ever robot citizen! She is a mix of AI and human input, so she can have a real conversation with you and develop her own feelings and actions. Besides this, she actually has many difficult tasks as she plays a vital part in science, medical and technology research. With Sophia’s help, scientists can complete their work more successfully. Who knows-maybe one day you will make friends with a robot like Sophia Cleaning Robots
These small, round objects are becoming increasingly popular in homes to give a helping hand with daily housework like cleaning the floor! All you need to do is to give the robot a plan of the space that it has to cover, program when you want it to start the cleaning process and you’re good to go!Restaurant Robots
How stressful is it to work at a busy restaurant with not a lot of help That’s exactly how millions of waiters must feel: sometimes, they have to wait on hundreds of tables but only have two hands! Thankfully, new robot waiters are a great help. The machines have several trays (托盘) so waiters just need to load the plates and let the robots take them over to the table. In some restaurants, cooking robots can even help cook food.
Robots are changing our world in cool and useful ways—from talking like friends to cleaning our homes and serving food. They are not just amazing machines, but also our helpful partners. Who knows what amazing robots we will see next Maybe the next great robot inventor is you!
36．What makes Sophia different from other robots
A．She is popular with Hong Kong scientists.
B．She is the first robot citizen in the world.
C．She can play music and dance at important events.
D．She can help waiters with service in busy restaurants.
37．What does the underlined word “vital” in paragraph 2 mean
A．Important. B．Funny. C．Simple. D．Social.
38．What do you need to do before making a cleaning robot work
A．Let it make friends with other home robots.
B．Check its trays and repair the broken plates.
C．Teach it to clean the floor and throw away rubbish.
D．Give it a space plan and program the cleaning time.
39．How do restaurant robots help waiters
A．Talk with many customers.
B．Wait for people by the table.
C．Carry plates and help to cook.
D．Invent new cleaning machines.
40．What’s the writer’s attitude (态度) towards robots
A．Doubtful. B．Worried. C．Positive. D．Negative.
四、阅读还原（本大题共5小题，每小题1分，满分5分）
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。
DeepSeek is a new AI company from China. Recently, it has become very popular. On January 20th, 2025, DeepSeek introduced two new models. 41 One of the models, called DeepSeek-RI-Zero, is very special. It can solve maths problems, write simple code, and chat like humans. What’s special It learns by practicing, not just reading examples.
DeepSeek-RI-Zero learns like students that do homework. Other AI systems need many examples to learn, but RI improves by itself. “It’s like teaching a bird to fly,” said an engineer. “ 42 ”
The AI is free (免费的) for schools and small businesses. 43
But there are challenges (挑战) . 44 The team is trying to fix this. “We want AI to help everyone around the world,” they said.
DeepSeek’s success shows that China is getting better at making AI, 45 It tells us that great things come from creativity (创造力) and hard work, not just money.
A．AI will not make any mistakes.
B．These models are very smart and can do many things.
C．It is changing the world of AI.
D．The more it tries, the better it works.
E．A teacher in Vietnam said, “Now even villagers can use AI without worrying about costs.”
F．Somebody worries that AI will take away human jobs in the future.
五、短文填空（本大题共15小题，每小题1分，满分15分）
A
Computers are very common in our modern life now. The first computers were bigger than cars. But now they are becoming much smaller and better. Some computers are so tiny that you may be u 46 of them. There is probably one inside your TV or washing machine. You d 47 on computers more than you can realize.
We can do many things with computers. For example, we can use computers to calculate things. They can calculate things at a very fast speed and almost never give w 48 answers. We can also type and draw things with them. In a 49 , computers can do important jobs like operating railways and flying planes and spaceships.
However, computers cannot be cleverer than us. Our b 50 can produce new ideas but computers cannot. But one day computers may be able to do a better job than human beings.
B
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入一个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Guide dogs are important for blind (失明的) people. However, not everyone 51 (be) lucky enough to have such a life helper.
There are more than 5,000,000 blind people in our country, 52 there are only about 400 guide dogs. A blind person has to wait 53 a long time to get a guide dog. Also, it is very expensive to train a guide dog. All of these make it impossible for all the blind people to have 54 (they) guide dogs. Last year, a team from Shanghai Jiao Tong University 55 (build) a robot guide dog to help blind people. The robot dog has six legs and is very smart. It can see, listen and speak. Now it is 56 (easy) for blind people to have a guide dog than before. Some people think it might be 57 (danger) for the blind to use the robot guide dog. The head of the team says there is no need to worry about it. First, with six legs, the robot guide dog is able 58 (walk) smoothly (平稳地). Second, users can ask the robot to walk 59 (slow) or quickly. What’s more, the robot can read traffic lights and avoid obstacles (躲避障碍). The team are hopeful about the future of their robot guide dog. They believe if the blind have a robot guide dog, they 60 (live) a better life.
六、完成句子（本大题共5小题，每小题2分，满分10分）
61．我希望能像我爸爸一样强壮。
I hope I can be ________ ________ ________ my father.
62．我厌倦了一直做同一件事。
I ________ ________ ________ doing the same thing all the time.
63．我们无法确切地说接下来会发生什么。
We can’t say ________ ________ what will happen next.
64．他为考试努力学习，结果他取得了好成绩。
He studied hard for the exam, and ________ ________ ________, he got a good grade.
65．发明家因他们的发明而出名。
Inventors _______ ________ ________ their inventions.
七、书面表达(15分)
66．世界上有很多发明，它们正在渐渐地改变我们的生活方式。英语课上，同学们正在准备以“The Invention that Influences My Life Most”为主题的演讲活动。请你以李华的名义写一篇演讲稿，向同学们介绍一项对你生活影响最大的发明。
提示：
What is the invention that influences your life most
How does it influence your life
What are your feelings about it
要求：(1) 演讲稿须包括所有提示内容，可适当发挥；(2) 演讲词中不得出现真实的地名、校名和人名；(3) 词数80左右。开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。
Hello, everyone! I am Li Hua and I’m very happy to stand here to talk about an invention that influences my life most.
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Thanks for your attention!
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