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湖南师范大学附属中学等学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
Ultimate Bucket List Wildlife AdventuresThe science of biodiversity: Costa Rica
4 November 2025 | 13 days
Join an extraordinary journey to Costa Rica, a top biodiverse country in the world. Explore the country's wealth of ecosystems, including primary rainforests and volcanic zones. Enjoy guided walks around several reserves and national parks with local conservationists.
● Stay in hotels and eco-houses within the forest.
Insect and ecosystems expedition safari (观兽旅行): Sri Lanka
30 March 2026 | 11 days
Journey into the heart of Sri Lanka on this unique insect-and-ecosystem-focused expedition, from thick forests and misty highlands to tropical rainforests and lowland grasslands.
●Enjoy morning and evening safaris in Udawalawe National Park.
Alaskan brown bear, ecology and wilderness adventure
9 August 2026 | 6 days
Dive into the wild heart of Alaska for an unequaled encounter with brown bears in their natural environment. Guided by expert naturalists, gain fascinating insights into bear ecology. Arrive via a private flight flying over rough mountain ranges and glacier-capped volcanoes.
● Stay at a small remote bear camp on Cook Inlet in luxury tent cabins.
Marine conservation cruise exploring Darwin's Galapagos
24 August 2026 | 8 days
Discover the biodiversity of the Galapagos Islands, which inspired Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Accompanied throughout by passionate naturalist James Costa, who will bring the islands to life through lively lectures and engaging discussions.
●Sail aboard the small sailboat, with space for just 15 guests.
1．What do the adventures in Costa Rica and Alaska have in common
A．They both offer hikes in volcanic areas.
B．They both involve staying in tents.
C．They both include guided experiences.
D．They both feature bear encounters.
2．What can visitors do during the Galapagos cruise
A．Attend educational talks.
B．Study Darwin's theory of evolution.
C．Learn sailing skills.
D．Participate in conservation work.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．An adventure blog. B．A wildlife report.
C．A biology textbook. D．A travel brochure.
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则 "终极野生动物探险遗愿清单" 的旅行推介，介绍了四个各具特色的生态探险项目：包括探索哥斯达黎加多样生态系统的生物多样性科学之旅、聚焦斯里兰卡昆虫与生态系统的观兽探险、深入阿拉斯加荒野观察棕熊的生态冒险，以及跟随博物学家探寻加拉帕戈斯群岛生物多样性的海洋保护游轮，每条线路都有明确的时间、天数和独特的体验亮点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇旅游类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据The science of biodiversity: Costa Rica部分中的"Enjoy guided walks around several reserves and national parks with local conservationists."在当地环保人士的带领下，享受在多个保护区和国家公园的导览徒步之旅；以及Alaskan brown bear, ecology and wilderness adventure部分中的"Guided by expert naturalists, gain fascinating insights into bear ecology."在专业博物学家的带领下，深入了解熊类生态的迷人奥秘。可知，这两个项目的共同点是都提供有导游的体验。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Marine conservation cruise exploring Darwin's Galapagos部分中的"Accompanied throughout by passionate naturalist James Costa, who will bring the islands to life through lively lectures and engaging discussions."由充满热情的自然学家James Costa全程陪同，他将通过生动的讲座和引人入胜的讨论使岛屿栩栩如生。可知，游客在加拉帕戈斯巡航期间可以参加教育性讲座。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章以"Ultimate Bucket List Wildlife Adventures"终极遗愿清单：野生生物探险之旅，为标题，详细介绍了四个旅游项目的时间、天数、活动内容、住宿方式和交通方式等细节。这类介绍多个旅游目的地的信息最有可能出现在旅游手册中。故选D。
Natasha Tucker's passion for fighting plastic pollution began with a shocking moment.
While working at the Vancouver Aquarium, Tucker met a rescued dolphin whose fins were partially cut off due to fishing equipment entanglement(缠绕). This heartbreaking experience made Tucker immediately search for a way to take action against the plastic pollution that caused these injuries. "I saw immediately that this was because of us," she says. "I knew I had to do something. Then, I found Mind Your Plastic."
That aquarium encounter was not the only experience that inspired Tucker to action. Other experiences like working in retail(零售) management came with witnessing tons of plastic waste. "I saw how much got thrown out, and it didn't sit well with me," she says.
Plastic waste in business is among what Mind Your Plastic is seeking to end via its three key programs: the Circular Economy Ambassador Program(CEAP) for educators and youth, the Plastic-Free Events Policy Program for municipalities(市政当局) and the Plastic Awareness and Reduction Toolkits (PART) Program for businesses.
When people donate to Mind Your Plastic, their dollars directly support these programs and help them effect change. Through direct partnerships with local educators, municipalities and businesses, these programs connect Canadians with direct ways to take action. The CEAP program, for example, helps teachers educate youth about the circular economy, lead local cleanups, and track collected waste.
The blame game is another area in need of transition, according to Tucker, who says that big companies, not customers, should carry the responsibility to solve Canada's plastic pollution problem.
"It's felt for a long time like the responsibility is placed on the customers," says Tucker. "That needs to stop." Tucker says this perspective(观点) can be shifted by individuals creating public pressures — for example, pushing for policy — and using their dollars to support more sustainable, circular alternatives until these policy changes happen.
4．What first inspired Natasha Tucker's passion for fighting plastic pollution
A．Working in retail management. B．Witnessing tons of plastic waste.
C．Meeting an injured dolphin. D．Finding Mind Your Plastic.
5．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tucker was dissatisfied with her job there.
B．Tucker couldn't find a comfortable seat there.
C．Tucker thought it a heavy task to manage the waste.
D．Tucker felt uneasy about the large quantity of the waste.
6．According to the text, how does Mind Your Plastic aim to effect change
A．By blaming consumers for plastic waste.
B．By providing education and partnership.
C．By quarreling with big businesses.
D．By stopping using plastic products.
7．What does Tucker think about the current situation
A．Responsibility is fairly shared. B．Customers are wrongly blamed.
C．Companies are doing enough. D．Policymakers show little action.
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文讲述了Natasha Tucker因在温哥华水族馆目睹被渔具致伤的获救海豚，结合零售工作中见到的大量塑料垃圾，投身反塑料污染行动，加入公益组织Mind Your Plastic，该组织通过三大核心项目推动教育、市政、商业领域减塑，同时呼吁将塑料污染治理责任从消费者转向大企业，依靠公众施压和消费选择推动政策与行业向循环可持续方向转变。【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"While working at the Vancouver Aquarium, Tucker met a rescued dolphin whose fins were partially cut off due to fishing equipment entanglement(缠绕). This heartbreaking experience made Tucker immediately search for a way to take action against the plastic pollution that caused these injuries."在温哥华水族馆工作时，塔克遇到一只获救的海豚，其鳍因捕鱼设备缠绕而部分被切断。这一令人心碎的经历让塔克立刻寻找办法，去对抗造成这些伤害的塑料污染。可知，最初激发 Natasha Tucker 对抗塑料污染热情的是遇到一只受伤的海豚。故选C。
5．句义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Other experiences like working in retail(零售) management came with witnessing tons of plastic waste. ‘I saw how much got thrown out, andit didn't sit well with me,' she says."像在零售管理行业工作这样的其他经历，让她目睹了大量塑料垃圾。"我看到有这么多垃圾被扔掉，it didn't sit well with me，"她说。可推断，"it didn't sit well with me"表达的是塔克对看到大量垃圾被扔掉这一现象感到不安。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段"Plastic waste in business is among what Mind Your Plastic is seeking to end via its three key programs: the Circular Economy Ambassador Program(CEAP) for educators and youth, the Plastic-Free Events Policy Program for municipalities(市政当局) and the Plastic Awareness and Reduction Toolkits (PART) Program for businesses.""Mind Your Plastic"试图通过三个关键项目来解决商业中的塑料垃圾问题：针对教育工作者和年轻人的循环经济大使计划（CEAP）、针对市政当局的无塑料活动政策计划以及针对企业的塑料意识与减少工具包（PART）计划；以及第五段中的"Through direct partnerships with local educators, municipalities and businesses, these programs connect Canadians with direct ways to take action."通过与当地教育工作者、市政当局和企业的直接合作，这些项目为加拿大人提供了直接采取行动的途径。可知，"Mind Your Plastic"通过提供教育项目以及建立合作关系来实现改变。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第六段"The blame game is another area in need of transition, according to Tucker, who says that big companies, not customers, should carry the responsibility to solve Canada's plastic pollution problem."Tucker认为，指责游戏是另一个需要转变的领域，她说大公司，而不是消费者，应该承担解决加拿大塑料污染问题的责任；以及第七段中的"‘It's felt for a long time like the responsibility is placed on the customers,' says Tucker.‘That needs to stop.'""长期以来，人们都觉得责任在消费者身上，"Tucker说。"这种情况需要停止。"可知，Tucker觉得目前消费者被错误地指责了。故选B。
If there was to be a praise to the frog, it would have to contain one new piece of information: its ability to predict earthquakes. A scientific study has suggested that they escape an area just before such a disaster strikes.
The evidence, published yesterday in the Journal of Zoology, centres on a population of breeding (繁殖) frogs in Italy. It seems that, a few years ago, these creatures had suddenly escaped from their home five days before an earthquake struck their breeding ground.
The frogs' ability to sense the earthquake is not fully understood, but 96 percent of male frogs escaped and returned a day after the danger had passed. This discovery confused Dr Rachel Grant, who hadn't set out to learn about frogs' reactions to earthquakes, but to study the effect of the lunar cycle on them. She now believes that frogs may be able to sense some signs and use them as an early-warning system for earthquakes.
Frogs are not the only creatures born with an unusual power to predict natural disasters. In 2004, elephants in Thailand made loud noises before the tsunami hit, while bats in Sri Lanka flew around in anxiety before the disaster.
While most of these animal warnings have been ignored, there are times when they have been noticed. In 1975, scientists in Haicheng, China, noticed unusual behaviour in the city's dogs and cats. They demanded the evacuation (撤离) of the city, expecting a major disaster. Their warning came five-and-a-half hours before an earthquake struck, resulting in 2,000 deaths. Without the evacuation, another 150,000 people could have been killed.
"There are things we can't see and sounds we can't hear. But many animals can. There is a sense called electroperception that fish and sharks use to form a picture around them, while dolphins and bats use sonar to find their way around," says Professor Daniel Mills, an expert in animal behaviour at Lincoln University.
8．What did Dr Rachel Grant think of the discovery of the frogs' unusual behaviour
A．Worried. B．Unexpected. C．Disappointed. D．Scared.
9．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed
A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers.
C．By explaining causes. D．By making comparisons.
10．What is the author's purpose in mentioning the earthquake in Haicheng
A．To stress the seriousness of the disaster.
B．To praise the government's timely action.
C．To describe a successful evacuation in history.
D．To show the benefit of noticing animal warnings.
11．What are Professor Daniel Mills's words mainly about
A．Why animals can sense disasters.
B．What his study will focus on next.
C．How humans learn about the world.
D．How animals behave before disasters.
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《动物学杂志》发表的一项意大利研究，原本研究月相对蛙类影响的科学家意外发现当地繁殖期青蛙能在地震前5天集体逃离栖息地，证实青蛙具备感知地震前兆的特殊预警能力。文章还列举了海啸前泰国大象、斯里兰卡蝙蝠出现反常行为，以及1975年中国海城借助猫狗异常表现提前组织撤离、大幅降低地震伤亡的案例，说明多种动物都拥有预知自然灾害的特殊能力。最后动物行为学专家指出，这类能力源于动物能捕捉到人类无法察觉的环境信号，比如鱼类的电感知、海豚与蝙蝠的回声定位系统，动物的反常行为可作为自然灾害预警的重要参考。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"This discovery confused Dr Rachel Grant, who hadn't set out to learn about frogs' reactions to earthquakes, but to study the effect of the lunar cycle on them."这一发现让Rachel Grant博士感到困惑，她原本并非要研究青蛙对地震的反应，而是打算研究月相周期对青蛙的影响。可知，Rachel Grant博士觉得青蛙异常行为的这一发现是出乎意料的，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段"Frogs are not the only creatures born with an unusual power to predict natural disasters. In 2004, elephants in Thailand made loud noises before the tsunami hit, while bats in Sri Lanka flew around in anxiety before the disaster."青蛙并非唯一天生拥有预测自然灾害这种非凡能力的生物。2004年，泰国的大象在海啸来袭前发出巨大声响，而斯里兰卡的蝙蝠在灾难发生前则焦虑地四处乱飞。可知，本段作者通过举例2004年泰国的大象和斯里兰卡的蝙蝠的例子来说明。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"While most of these animal warnings have been ignored, there are times when they have been noticed. In 1975, scientists in Haicheng, China, noticed unusual behaviour in the city's dogs and cats. They demanded the evacuation (撤离) of the city, expecting a major disaster. Their warning came five-and-a-half hours before an earthquake struck, resulting in 2,000 deaths. Without the evacuation, another 150,000 people could have been killed."虽然大多数这类动物发出的预警都被人们忽视了，但有时也会得到重视。1975年，中国海城的科学家注意到该市猫狗行为异常。他们要求疏散全城居民，预计将有重大灾难发生。他们的预警在地震来袭五个半小时前发出，最终地震导致2000人死亡。若没有这次疏散，还会有15万人丧生。可知，作者提到海城地震的目的是为了显示注意动物警告的好处。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"There are things we can't see and sounds we can't hear. But many animals can. There is a sense called electroperception that fish and sharks use to form a picture around them, while dolphins and bats use sonar to find their way around"有些东西我们看不见，有些声音我们听不到，但许多动物却可以。有一种被称为电感知的能力，鱼类和鲨鱼利用它来感知周围环境、形成周围景象，而海豚和蝙蝠则利用声呐来辨别方向、确定周围环境。可知，Daniel Mills教授的话主要是关于为什么动物能感知灾难。故选A。
Is text-messaging driving us apart These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like WhatsApp.
But some worry that so much messaging leads to less communication. "Our texts are fine," one college student said. "It's what texting does to our conversations when we are together that's the problem."
New technologies often upset the way we relate to one another, of course. But such conflict caused by texting has a strong echo to the arguments we had over the telephone a hundred years ago. The small device gave us a new way to contact one another and quickly promote new forms of socializing. Callers arranged regular "visiting" calls, calling remote family to catch up on news.
Soon, though, social critics began to wonder: Was all this phone chatter good for us Would it be so easy to talk that we'd never leave each other alone "Thanks to the telephone, motor car and such like inventions, our neighbors have it in their power to turn our leisure into a series of interruptions," complained an American professor in 1929. "We shall soon be nothing but transparent masses of jelly (果冻) to each other," a London writer said sadly in 1897.
However, nowadays the telephone call seems like a return to a gentler era. When Jenna Birch, a communication professor at the University of Iowa, started dating a man who insisted on calling her on the phone, she found it warm and delightful. So she doesn't think the shift to texting has made our interactions worse. According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with munication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn't mean it's not meaningful.
Michele Martin of Carleton University, thinks we're living through a replay of the telephone, where the things that made it valuable — instant communications — are the same that made it annoying. "People believe they are free because they can bring the mobile phone everywhere," Martin says. "But at the same time, they are slaves to it."
12．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．To state the author's opinion. B．To offer an argument.
C．To describe a scene. D．To sound a warning.
13．What is the main concern of social critics about the telephone in paragraph 4
A．It creates overly busy schedules.
B．It results in a lack of individuality.
C．It reduces social interaction.
D．It leads to a loss of private time.
14．What can we learn from Jenna Birch's study
A．Texting is particularly welcomed among teenagers.
B．Communication is meaningful only face-to-face.
C．The meaning of communication goes beyond medium.
D．Texting allows for a deeper level of communication.
15．What's the best title for the text
A．Oh My God! We've Been Here Before!
B．Gone with the Wind, Dear Texting!
C．Life Is Too Short for So Much Texting
D．Oh, Telephone, a Tale of Two Sides
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文额是一篇议论文，围绕"短信是否让人们关系疏远"展开讨论，将当下人们对过度依赖短信交流的担忧，与百年前电话刚普及引发的同类争议进行类比。两位传播学学者的研究指出，高频发短信的青少年反而拥有更多线下面对面社交，短信交流同样具备情感价值，当下的争议本质是当年电话普及争议的重演，即时通讯的便利性也让人们沦为设备的"奴隶"。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．推理判断题。 根据第一段"Is text-messaging driving us apart These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like WhatsApp."短信正在让我们疏远吗？如今，我们用拇指互相交谈——每天发送60亿条短信，可能还有几十亿条通过WhatsApp等服务发送。可知，首段抛出话题、引出全文关于短信是否疏远人际关系的争论。故选B。
13．细节理解题。 根据第四段中的"Would it be so easy to talk that we'd never leave each other alone ‘Thanks to the telephone, motor car and such like inventions, our neighbors have it in their power to turn our leisure into a series of interruptions,' complained an American professor in 1929."交谈会变得如此容易，以至于我们永远不会独处吗？1929年，一位美国教授抱怨道："多亏了电话、汽车和类似的发明，我们的邻居有能力把我们的闲暇时间变成一系列的干扰。"可知，社会评论家对电话的主要担忧是它会导致私人时间的丧失。故选D。
14．推理判断题。 根据第五段中的"According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with munication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn't mean it's not meaningful."根据她的研究，发短信最多的青少年也是与朋友面对面交流时间最多的青少年。似乎交流会带来更多的交流，正如她所争论的那样，仅仅因为谈话是通过短信进行的，并不意味着它没有意义。可知，我们可以从Jenna Birch的研究中学到交流的意义超越了媒介。故选C。
15．标题归纳题。 根据全文可知，本文首先提出了短信交流是否会导致人与人之间疏远的问题，然后回顾了电话发展初期引发的类似争议，最后指出新技术在改变交流方式的同时，也带来了关于社交质量与个人空间的持续讨论。因此，"天哪！我们以前也经历过这样的事情"，既表达了文章的主题，又具有一定的吸引力，适合作本文标题，故选A。
Many people think they need to walk 10,000 steps every day to be healthy. But new research shows this is not necessarily true for everyone. Scientists say that about 7,000 steps per day can already be good for your health.　16． 　
Dr. Melody Ding did this study at the University of Sydney.　17． 　 She wanted to know how many steps people need to stay healthy, and whether one number could work for most adults. The studies included people of different ages and lifestyles, so the results were more reliable.
　18． 　 People who walked around 7,000 steps were healthier than those who walked only about 2,000. In general, walking more was linked to a lower risk of dying early, and a lower risk of heart disease and dementia (痴呆). The benefits increased quickly when people moved from very low activity to a moderate level. After that, the benefits still continued, but they rose more slowly.
Where does the 10,000 — step benchmark (基准) come from Dr. Sean Heffron says this number did not come from science.　19． 　 A company made a pedometer (计步器) and called it the "10,000 steps meter". The number sounded simple and motivating, so it spread worldwide.
Dr. Martha Gulati, a heart doctor, does not fully trust round numbers like 10,000 because they are not always based on research. She suggests focusing on steady improvement instead of chasing one perfect number.　20． 　 Just walk a little more than you do now — take the stairs, walk after dinner, or get off the bus one stop earlier. Small changes can add up and help your health.
A. The number was easy to remember.
B. The study gave people a simple answer.
C. It became popular because of advertising in Japan.
D. She reviewed many studies about walking and health.
E. If you can't walk 10,000 steps every day, don't worry.
F. The research compared people who walked different amounts each day.
G. This may make many people feel less stressed, especially those who are busy.
【答案】16．G；17．D；18．F；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学研究表明，每日行走约7000步即可显著降低早逝、心血管疾病和痴呆风险，健康收益在从极低活动量提升至中等水平时最为明显，之后增幅趋于平缓。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Scientists say that about 7,000 steps per day can already be good for your health."科学家称每天大约七千步就已经对健康有益。打破了必须走一万步的固有观念，说明七千步就已经对健康有益，G. This may make many people feel less stressed, especially those who are busy."这或许能让很多人减轻压力，尤其是生活忙碌的人"承接上文新结论带来的积极影响，语意连贯，符合语境，故选G。
17．根据空前"Dr. Melody Ding did this study at the University of Sydney."Melody Ding博士在悉尼大学开展了这项研究。引出研究负责人，下文介绍她的研究目的与研究范围， D. She reviewed many studies about walking and health. "她查阅了大量有关步行与健康的研究"承接人物身份与研究工作，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空后"People who walked around 7,000 steps were healthier than those who walked only about 2,000."每天走七千步左右的人比仅走两千步左右的人身体更健康。对比了不同步数人群的健康状况，F. The research compared people who walked different amounts each day."该研究对比了每日步行步数不同的人群"总领本段实验对比内容，符合段落主旨，故选F。
19．根据空前"Dr. Sean Heffron says this number did not come from science"Sean Heffron博士称这个数字并非源于科学研究。说明一万步标准没有科学依据，下文讲述日本一家公司推出一万步计步器并广为流传， C. It became popular because of advertising in Japan. "它因日本的广告宣传而流行开来"解释该数字的起源与传播原因，符合语境，故选C。
20．根据空前"She suggests focusing on steady improvement instead of chasing one perfect number."她建议注重稳步提升，而不是追逐一个完美的固定数字。提出不必执着固定步数；以及空后"Just walk a little more than you do now — take the stairs, walk after dinner, or get off the bus one stop earlier."只需比现在多走一段路即可——走楼梯、饭后散步，或者提前一站下车。建议从日常小事小幅增加步行量，E. If you can't walk 10,000 steps every day, don't worry."如果你每天走不了一万步，也不必担心"承接上文，引出下文具体做法，故选E。
The scary flood came on July 15, 2021. Yet I can never go back to live in my home because I just keep thinking: what if it does happen again
Earlier in the day I had 21． for the unlikely event of a flood. It had been raining that week, and authorities had issued a flood 22． , though not for where I was. Still, I'd placed 23． on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water. Before my friends left, they laughed at me for doing that, but I thought, why take a 24．
It was after midnight when I was awakened by the 25． sound of rushing water as if I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. I thought it could be a burst pipe. Trembling and in darkness, I grabbed my cell phone and turned on the flashlight. It wasn't a burst pipe at all! Instead, water was 26． up through the gaps of the garden door. The water must have breached the sandbags. All around me, my things — chairs and lamps — began to 27． .
I began to panic. The Ahr, usually such a quiet river, had 28． its banks. And now I had to get out — fast! It was pouring. In bare feet, I started to walk to my only 29． : the door that leads upstairs to the ground. All around me, things were breaking — the lamps were cracking, the cupboards were being 30． ．
Finally, I 31． it to the door. I tried to push it open, but the 32． of the water wouldn't let me. I tried several times, but the wild water slammed it shut again. I grabbed everything to open the door, and finally, in darkness, I leaped onto the stairs and ran outside 33． .
What was once a lovely, cozy street was now a 34． , with floating trash and trees instead of people and cars. The river had drowned the neighborhood — and if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned along with it. Don't remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day when you 35． .
21．A．prepared B．waited C．come D．shopped
22．A．map B．notice C．story D．warning
23．A．sandbags B．clothes C．boxes D．tools
24．A．chance B．risk C．break D．step
25．A．occasional B．wild C．natural D．faint
26．A．clearing B．shooting C．gathering D．flowing
27．A．change B．crash C．float D．disappear
28．A．approached B．burst C．occupied D．covered
29．A．gate B．position C．escape D．entrance
30．A．torn apart B．replaced with C．fixed up D．removed away
31．A．left B．took C．attached D．made
32．A．force B．course C．source D．surface
33．A．tirelessly B．helplessly C．awkwardly D．impatiently
34．A．mess B．field C．shelter D．habitat
35．A．suffered B．survived C．returned D．won
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．A；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了2021年7月15日德国阿赫河突发特大洪水时，作者在官方未对所在区域发布预警的情况下，提前做了简单防洪准备，却仍在深夜被涌入家中的洪水惊醒的惊险经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：那天早些时候，我为不太可能发生的洪水做了准备。A：prepared"准备"；B：waited"等待"；C：come"来"；D：shopped"购物"。根据下文"Still, I'd placed 3 on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water. "尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。可知，作者为应对洪水做准备。故选A。
22．句意：那周一直在下雨，当局发布了洪水预警，但并不是针对我所在的地区。A：map"地图"；B：notice"通知"；C：story"故事"；D：warning "警告"。根据空前"authorities had issued a flood"和洪水来临的语境，当局发布的是洪水预警。故选D。
23．句意：尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。A：sandbags"沙袋"；B：clothes"衣服"；C：boxes"盒子"；D：tools "工具"。根据下文"The water must have breached the sandbags"水肯定已经冲破了沙袋。可知，作者放置的是沙袋。故选A。
24．句意：在我的朋友们离开之前，他们嘲笑我这样做，但我想，为什么要冒险呢？A：chance"机会"；B：risk"风险"；C：break"休息"；D：step "步骤"。根据上文"It had been raining that week, and authorities had issued a flood 2 , though not for where I was. Still, I'd placed 3 on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water."那周一直在下雨，当局发布了洪水预警，但并不是针对我所在的地区。尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。可推知，尽管洪水预警并不针对作者所在地区，但作者还是做了一些准备工作，说明作者认为没必要冒险；take a risk固定短语，"冒险"，故选B。
25．句意：午夜过后，我被汹涌的流水声惊醒，仿佛我躺在瀑布边而不是卧室里。A：occasional"偶尔的"；B：wild"狂野的，汹涌的"；C：natural"自然的"；D：faint "微弱的"。根据空后"as if I were lying beside a waterfall"可知，仿佛我躺在瀑布边,水声应该是汹涌的。故选B。
26．句意：相反，水正从花园门的缝隙中喷射进来。A：clearing"清理"；B：shooting"喷射，急速流动"；C：gathering"聚集"；D：flowing"流动"。根据上文" It was after midnight when I was awakened by the 5 sound of rushing water as if I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. I thought it could be a burst pipe."午夜过后，我被汹涌的流水声惊醒，仿佛我躺在瀑布边而不是卧室里。我本以为可能是水管爆裂了；以及下文"It was pouring."当时正下着倾盆大雨。可知，水流很大，来得很急，是喷射进来的。故选B。
27．句意：我周围的东西——椅子和台灯——开始漂浮起来。A：change"改变"；B：crash"碰撞"；C：float"漂浮"；D：disappear "消失"。根据上文"The water must have breached the sandbags."水肯定已经冲破了沙袋可知，洪水涌入，物品应该在水中漂浮起来。故选C。
28．句意：Ahr河，通常是一条非常安静的河流，已经决堤了。A：approached"接近"；B：burst"爆发，决口"；C：occupied"占据"；D：covered"覆盖"。根据下文"And now I had to get out — fast! It was pouring."现在，我必须尽快离开——外面正下着倾盆大雨。可知，河水大量涌入，说明河岸决堤了。故选B。
29．句意：我光着脚，开始走向我唯一的逃生通道：通往楼上地面的门。A：gate"大门"；B：position "位置"；C：escape"逃脱，逃生通道"；D：entrance"入口"。根据空后"the door that leads upstairs to the ground"可知，通往楼上地面的门是作者唯一的逃生通道。故选C。
30．句意：在我周围，东西都在碎裂——灯具裂开了，橱柜被撕碎。A：torn apart"撕碎"；B：replaced with"被替换"；C：fixed up"修理"；D：removed away"移走"。根据空前"All around me, things were breaking"可知，此处描写的是洪水破坏家具的场景，橱柜应是被洪水撕碎。故选A。
31．句意：最后，我成功到了那扇门。A：left"离开"；B：took"拿走"；C：attached"附上"；D：made "成功到达"。根据下文" tried to push it open, but the 12 of the water wouldn't let me. "我试着推开门，但水的力量不让我推开，可知，作者成功到达了门的位置。make it to固定短语，"成功到达"。故选D。
32．句意：我试着推开门，但水的力量不让我推开。A：force"力量"；B：course"路线"；C：source "来源"；D：surface"表面"。根据空后"wouldn't let me"；以及下文"I tried several times, but the wild water slammed it shut again. "我试了几次，但汹涌的水流又把它冲关了。可知，是水的力量太大，所以作者推不开。故选A。
33．句意：我抓起所有能抓到的东西去打开门，最后，在黑暗中，我跳上楼梯，无助地跑到了外面。A：tirelessly"不知疲倦地"；B：helplessly"无助地"；C：awkwardly"尴尬地"；D：impatiently "不耐烦地"。根据上文作者在黑暗中、洪水中的绝望处境，以及空前"leaped onto the stairs"的仓促动作，她无助地跑向外面。故选B。
34．句意：曾经是一条可爱、舒适的街道，现在变成了一片狼藉。A：mess"杂乱，狼藉"；B：field"田野"；C：shelter"避难所"；D：habitat "栖息地"。根据空后"with floating trash and trees instead of people and cars"可知，街道变成了一片狼藉。故选A。
35．句意：记住你幸存下来的那一天。A：suffered"遭受"；B：survived"幸存"；C：returned"返回"；D：won "赢"。根据上文" The river had drowned the neighborhood — and if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned along with it."河水淹没了整个街区——如果我晚几分钟醒来，就会和它一起淹死。与上文作者成功逃脱的经历形成对比，全文强调的是幸存。故选B。
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. It's our duty to protect the environment while　36． 　 (aim) for economic development. Norgate Environmental Protection Committee　37． 　 (play) a major role in maintaining air and water quality. A balance between environmental protection and economic development is expected to be struck through different approaches. Environmental policies, like strict clean-up requirements, have been made for businesses　38． 　 (observe). Meanwhile, we work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. However, fighting pollution isn't just a task　39． 　 factories and government. It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse, and recycle.
【答案】36．aiming；37．plays；38．to observe；39．for
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；aim；for；play
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Norgate环保委员会通过出台企业需遵守的严格整治政策、联动其他政府部门保障发展策略绿色落地等举措，推动二者实现平衡，同时指出治污并非工厂和政府的专属任务，需要全社会共同践行"减量化、再利用、再循环"的黄金准则，形成全民参与的合力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我们的职责是在追求经济发展的同时保护环境。此处作伴随状语，aim for"以……为目标"动词短语。此处是时间状语从句的省略，与其隐含逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填aiming。
37．句意：Norgate环境保护委员会在维持空气和水质量方面发挥着重要作用。play"扮演、发挥"，是谓语动词，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态，主语Norgate Environmental Protection Committee是专有名词，谓语动词用单三形式，故填plays。
38．句意：已经制定了环境政策，如严格的清理要求，供企业遵守。observe"遵守"，动词。此处是"have been made"的目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to observe。
39．句意：然而，与污染作斗争不仅仅是工厂和政府的任务。句中表示"给工厂和政府的任务"，用介词for，意为"(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供"，故填for。
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest is well-known as the "lungs of the planet", which breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the　40． 　 (Earth) oxygen. Besides, it nourishes some treasured species　41． 　 (use) for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these　42． 　 (replaceable) plants and animals: us. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we　43． 　 (leave) with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"
【答案】40．Earth's；41．used；42．irreplaceable；43．are left
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；earth；irreplaceable；used
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以"地球之肺"开篇，先肯定亚马孙雨林在固碳供氧（产出全球20%以上氧气）和孕育珍贵食药物种方面的不可替代的生态价值，再笔锋一转将"我们人类"指认为这些不可替代的动植物所面临的最大威胁，并指出随着人类活动影响加剧、濒危物种名单不断拉长，世人不得不面对一个严肃追问——我们是否还承受得起继续破坏"地球之肺"的代价，借此唤起对雨林保护与人类发展之间关系的反思。【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词所有格，非谓语动词，形容词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
40．句意：亚马孙雨林被誉为"地球之肺"，通过固碳并产出地球百分之二十以上的氧气，为地球赋予生机。 Earth "地球"，名词。此处修饰名词oxygen，应用名词所有格表示所属关系，故填Earth's。
41．句意：此外，它孕育着一些珍贵物种，这些物种可用于食物或医药领域。 use "使用"，动词。此处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，且与species在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填used。
42．句意：然而，对这些不可替代的动植物来说存在一大危险，那就是人类自身。 replaceable "可以代替的"，形容词。此处修饰名词plants and animals，结合句意，此处表示"不可替代的"，需用形容词irreplaceable，故填 irreplaceable 。
43．句意：随着人类活动影响持续扩大，濒危物种名单不断加长，我们面临着一个问题：我们承受得起破坏"地球之肺"的代价吗？ leave "留下"是谓语动词，根据上文的谓语动词becomes可知，此处陈述客观现实用一般现在时，主语we与leave之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为are left，故填 are left 。
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in　44． 　 orderly line covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too.　45． 　 a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
【答案】44．an；45．After/When
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；after；an
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，地震晃动刚一停止， Brown 老师立刻抓住最佳逃生时机，示意全班学生双手护头、排成整齐队列有序撤离教室，整个班级仅用一分二十秒就完成下楼疏散，全部安全抵达操场，待点名确认所有学生都安然无恙后，师生们才彻底放松下来，在劫后余生的情绪里笑着、哭着、互相拥抱。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词以及时间状语从句的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
44．句意：她示意学生排成一队有序离开教室，并用双手护住头部。line为可数名词单数形式，orderly以元音音素开头，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词an，故填an。
45．句意：点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，大家才放松下来，欢笑、落泪并互相拥抱。此处引导时间状语从句，可表示 "在…… 之后" 或 "当…… 时"，用 after/when均合乎逻辑，句首单词首字母大写，故填 After/When 。
46．你校学生会将举办"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的英文征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
(1)简述校园水资源浪费现象；
(2)珍惜水资源的倡议。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)短文的题目已为你写好；
(3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Save Water — Build a Greener Campus
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Save Water — Build a Greener Campus
We are no strangers to water waste in our campus. Some students often leave taps running carelessly after washing hands, and others casually pour away unfinished drinking water. Such small but thoughtless acts are in fact draining our precious resources.
Therefore, I'd like to call on everyone to take immediate actions. Firstly, we should raise awareness of water conservation and form good habits. Turn off taps promptly after use and avoid any unnecessary waste. Additionally, we can reuse water in daily life to maximize its value, such as collecting spare clean water to water classroom plants or to flush toilets.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生撰写一篇关于"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的短文投稿。写作背景： 你校学生会将举办"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的英文征文比赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)简述校园水资源浪费现象；(2)珍惜水资源的倡议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some students often leave taps running carelessly after washing hands, and others casually pour away unfinished drinking water. 运用了并列句；Therefore, I'd like to call on everyone to take immediate actions. 运用了不定式作宾语； Turn off taps promptly after use and avoid any unnecessary waste. 运用了祈使句；Additionally, we can reuse water in daily life to maximize its value, such as collecting spare clean water to water classroom plants or to flush toilets.运用了不定式作目的状语。
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Andy and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents' eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the house was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Andy and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly "Grandpa, we are back!"
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn't stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), "I can!" Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once an intelligent explorer. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs… How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. "We'd think out a way to cheer him up." Andy said. "Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird." Berlin suggested. "But he hates birds being caged!" Andy shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Andy's mind. "Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!"
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
【答案】Berlin thought it was a good idea. With the tools fetched from the backyard, they returned to the forest to search for an appropriate young tree for a cane. Hardly had they selected one when they got started with their BIG PROJECT. Andy, the elder brother, took on the job of cutting it down, while Berlin, who was younger and more creative, was responsible for decoration. Hard as it might seem to them, they never thought about quitting. After what seemed a long time, an elegant and tough cane appeared. Both of them were more than satisfied with their work and couldn't wait to rush home.
Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. The instant he saw it, he knew what it was all about. Deeply touched by the grandsons' gift, he took it with great excitement and tapped it on the ground several times. Obviously, he attempted to stand up with it. With the encouragement of the two brothers, he struggled to get up, slowly walking towards the forest. A cheerful and joyful expression, which Andy and Berlin had expected of Grandpa, flashed on his face. It was at that moment that they literally felt all the efforts to make the cane were all worth it.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，讲述Andy和弟弟Berlin暑假去看望他们的祖父母，爷爷奶奶看到他们欣喜若狂，但是爷爷不能站起来了，这让他们很担心。所以在森林闲逛时，Andy提出给爷爷做一根手杖。段落续写：由第一段首句内容"Berlin认为这是个好主意。"可知，本段可以写兄弟俩如何做手杖。由第一段首句内容"Andy和Berlin把手杖递给爷爷。"可知，本段可以写爷爷受到手杖后的反应。续写线索：兄弟俩找做手杖的工具——他们开始制作——制作完成——送给爷爷——爷爷激动——爷爷努力站起来走向森林——兄弟俩认为努力都值得。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：With the tools fetched from the backyard, they returned to the forest to search for an appropriate young tree for a cane.（运用了with的复合结构以及动词不定式做目的状语）；Hardly had they selected one when they got started with their BIG PROJECT. （运用了部分倒装结构以及when引导的时间状语从句）；Andy, the elder brother, took on the job of cutting it down, while Berlin, who was younger and more creative, was responsible for decoration. （运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）；Hard as it might seem to them, they never thought about quitting. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构)；The instant he saw it, he knew what it was all about. （运用了the instant引导的时间状语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）；Deeply touched by the grandsons' gift, he took it with great excitement and tapped it on the ground several times.（运用了过去分词作状语）；With the encouragement of the two brothers, he struggled to get up, slowly walking towards the forest.（运用了现在分词作状语）；A cheerful and joyful expression, which Andy and Berlin had expected of Grandpa,
flashed on his face. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；It was at that moment that they literally felt all the efforts to make the cane were all worth it.（运用了强调句型）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整与清晰。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
1 / 1湖南师范大学附属中学等学校2025-2026学年高一下学期期中考试英语试题
Ultimate Bucket List Wildlife AdventuresThe science of biodiversity: Costa Rica
4 November 2025 | 13 days
Join an extraordinary journey to Costa Rica, a top biodiverse country in the world. Explore the country's wealth of ecosystems, including primary rainforests and volcanic zones. Enjoy guided walks around several reserves and national parks with local conservationists.
● Stay in hotels and eco-houses within the forest.
Insect and ecosystems expedition safari (观兽旅行): Sri Lanka
30 March 2026 | 11 days
Journey into the heart of Sri Lanka on this unique insect-and-ecosystem-focused expedition, from thick forests and misty highlands to tropical rainforests and lowland grasslands.
●Enjoy morning and evening safaris in Udawalawe National Park.
Alaskan brown bear, ecology and wilderness adventure
9 August 2026 | 6 days
Dive into the wild heart of Alaska for an unequaled encounter with brown bears in their natural environment. Guided by expert naturalists, gain fascinating insights into bear ecology. Arrive via a private flight flying over rough mountain ranges and glacier-capped volcanoes.
● Stay at a small remote bear camp on Cook Inlet in luxury tent cabins.
Marine conservation cruise exploring Darwin's Galapagos
24 August 2026 | 8 days
Discover the biodiversity of the Galapagos Islands, which inspired Charles Darwin's theory of evolution. Accompanied throughout by passionate naturalist James Costa, who will bring the islands to life through lively lectures and engaging discussions.
●Sail aboard the small sailboat, with space for just 15 guests.
1．What do the adventures in Costa Rica and Alaska have in common
A．They both offer hikes in volcanic areas.
B．They both involve staying in tents.
C．They both include guided experiences.
D．They both feature bear encounters.
2．What can visitors do during the Galapagos cruise
A．Attend educational talks.
B．Study Darwin's theory of evolution.
C．Learn sailing skills.
D．Participate in conservation work.
3．Where is this text probably taken from
A．An adventure blog. B．A wildlife report.
C．A biology textbook. D．A travel brochure.
Natasha Tucker's passion for fighting plastic pollution began with a shocking moment.
While working at the Vancouver Aquarium, Tucker met a rescued dolphin whose fins were partially cut off due to fishing equipment entanglement(缠绕). This heartbreaking experience made Tucker immediately search for a way to take action against the plastic pollution that caused these injuries. "I saw immediately that this was because of us," she says. "I knew I had to do something. Then, I found Mind Your Plastic."
That aquarium encounter was not the only experience that inspired Tucker to action. Other experiences like working in retail(零售) management came with witnessing tons of plastic waste. "I saw how much got thrown out, and it didn't sit well with me," she says.
Plastic waste in business is among what Mind Your Plastic is seeking to end via its three key programs: the Circular Economy Ambassador Program(CEAP) for educators and youth, the Plastic-Free Events Policy Program for municipalities(市政当局) and the Plastic Awareness and Reduction Toolkits (PART) Program for businesses.
When people donate to Mind Your Plastic, their dollars directly support these programs and help them effect change. Through direct partnerships with local educators, municipalities and businesses, these programs connect Canadians with direct ways to take action. The CEAP program, for example, helps teachers educate youth about the circular economy, lead local cleanups, and track collected waste.
The blame game is another area in need of transition, according to Tucker, who says that big companies, not customers, should carry the responsibility to solve Canada's plastic pollution problem.
"It's felt for a long time like the responsibility is placed on the customers," says Tucker. "That needs to stop." Tucker says this perspective(观点) can be shifted by individuals creating public pressures — for example, pushing for policy — and using their dollars to support more sustainable, circular alternatives until these policy changes happen.
4．What first inspired Natasha Tucker's passion for fighting plastic pollution
A．Working in retail management. B．Witnessing tons of plastic waste.
C．Meeting an injured dolphin. D．Finding Mind Your Plastic.
5．What does the underlined sentence in paragraph 3 mean
A．Tucker was dissatisfied with her job there.
B．Tucker couldn't find a comfortable seat there.
C．Tucker thought it a heavy task to manage the waste.
D．Tucker felt uneasy about the large quantity of the waste.
6．According to the text, how does Mind Your Plastic aim to effect change
A．By blaming consumers for plastic waste.
B．By providing education and partnership.
C．By quarreling with big businesses.
D．By stopping using plastic products.
7．What does Tucker think about the current situation
A．Responsibility is fairly shared. B．Customers are wrongly blamed.
C．Companies are doing enough. D．Policymakers show little action.
If there was to be a praise to the frog, it would have to contain one new piece of information: its ability to predict earthquakes. A scientific study has suggested that they escape an area just before such a disaster strikes.
The evidence, published yesterday in the Journal of Zoology, centres on a population of breeding (繁殖) frogs in Italy. It seems that, a few years ago, these creatures had suddenly escaped from their home five days before an earthquake struck their breeding ground.
The frogs' ability to sense the earthquake is not fully understood, but 96 percent of male frogs escaped and returned a day after the danger had passed. This discovery confused Dr Rachel Grant, who hadn't set out to learn about frogs' reactions to earthquakes, but to study the effect of the lunar cycle on them. She now believes that frogs may be able to sense some signs and use them as an early-warning system for earthquakes.
Frogs are not the only creatures born with an unusual power to predict natural disasters. In 2004, elephants in Thailand made loud noises before the tsunami hit, while bats in Sri Lanka flew around in anxiety before the disaster.
While most of these animal warnings have been ignored, there are times when they have been noticed. In 1975, scientists in Haicheng, China, noticed unusual behaviour in the city's dogs and cats. They demanded the evacuation (撤离) of the city, expecting a major disaster. Their warning came five-and-a-half hours before an earthquake struck, resulting in 2,000 deaths. Without the evacuation, another 150,000 people could have been killed.
"There are things we can't see and sounds we can't hear. But many animals can. There is a sense called electroperception that fish and sharks use to form a picture around them, while dolphins and bats use sonar to find their way around," says Professor Daniel Mills, an expert in animal behaviour at Lincoln University.
8．What did Dr Rachel Grant think of the discovery of the frogs' unusual behaviour
A．Worried. B．Unexpected. C．Disappointed. D．Scared.
9．How is Paragraph 4 mainly developed
A．By giving examples. B．By listing numbers.
C．By explaining causes. D．By making comparisons.
10．What is the author's purpose in mentioning the earthquake in Haicheng
A．To stress the seriousness of the disaster.
B．To praise the government's timely action.
C．To describe a successful evacuation in history.
D．To show the benefit of noticing animal warnings.
11．What are Professor Daniel Mills's words mainly about
A．Why animals can sense disasters.
B．What his study will focus on next.
C．How humans learn about the world.
D．How animals behave before disasters.
Is text-messaging driving us apart These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like WhatsApp.
But some worry that so much messaging leads to less communication. "Our texts are fine," one college student said. "It's what texting does to our conversations when we are together that's the problem."
New technologies often upset the way we relate to one another, of course. But such conflict caused by texting has a strong echo to the arguments we had over the telephone a hundred years ago. The small device gave us a new way to contact one another and quickly promote new forms of socializing. Callers arranged regular "visiting" calls, calling remote family to catch up on news.
Soon, though, social critics began to wonder: Was all this phone chatter good for us Would it be so easy to talk that we'd never leave each other alone "Thanks to the telephone, motor car and such like inventions, our neighbors have it in their power to turn our leisure into a series of interruptions," complained an American professor in 1929. "We shall soon be nothing but transparent masses of jelly (果冻) to each other," a London writer said sadly in 1897.
However, nowadays the telephone call seems like a return to a gentler era. When Jenna Birch, a communication professor at the University of Iowa, started dating a man who insisted on calling her on the phone, she found it warm and delightful. So she doesn't think the shift to texting has made our interactions worse. According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with munication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn't mean it's not meaningful.
Michele Martin of Carleton University, thinks we're living through a replay of the telephone, where the things that made it valuable — instant communications — are the same that made it annoying. "People believe they are free because they can bring the mobile phone everywhere," Martin says. "But at the same time, they are slaves to it."
12．What's the function of the first paragraph
A．To state the author's opinion. B．To offer an argument.
C．To describe a scene. D．To sound a warning.
13．What is the main concern of social critics about the telephone in paragraph 4
A．It creates overly busy schedules.
B．It results in a lack of individuality.
C．It reduces social interaction.
D．It leads to a loss of private time.
14．What can we learn from Jenna Birch's study
A．Texting is particularly welcomed among teenagers.
B．Communication is meaningful only face-to-face.
C．The meaning of communication goes beyond medium.
D．Texting allows for a deeper level of communication.
15．What's the best title for the text
A．Oh My God! We've Been Here Before!
B．Gone with the Wind, Dear Texting!
C．Life Is Too Short for So Much Texting
D．Oh, Telephone, a Tale of Two Sides
Many people think they need to walk 10,000 steps every day to be healthy. But new research shows this is not necessarily true for everyone. Scientists say that about 7,000 steps per day can already be good for your health.　16． 　
Dr. Melody Ding did this study at the University of Sydney.　17． 　 She wanted to know how many steps people need to stay healthy, and whether one number could work for most adults. The studies included people of different ages and lifestyles, so the results were more reliable.
　18． 　 People who walked around 7,000 steps were healthier than those who walked only about 2,000. In general, walking more was linked to a lower risk of dying early, and a lower risk of heart disease and dementia (痴呆). The benefits increased quickly when people moved from very low activity to a moderate level. After that, the benefits still continued, but they rose more slowly.
Where does the 10,000 — step benchmark (基准) come from Dr. Sean Heffron says this number did not come from science.　19． 　 A company made a pedometer (计步器) and called it the "10,000 steps meter". The number sounded simple and motivating, so it spread worldwide.
Dr. Martha Gulati, a heart doctor, does not fully trust round numbers like 10,000 because they are not always based on research. She suggests focusing on steady improvement instead of chasing one perfect number.　20． 　 Just walk a little more than you do now — take the stairs, walk after dinner, or get off the bus one stop earlier. Small changes can add up and help your health.
A. The number was easy to remember.
B. The study gave people a simple answer.
C. It became popular because of advertising in Japan.
D. She reviewed many studies about walking and health.
E. If you can't walk 10,000 steps every day, don't worry.
F. The research compared people who walked different amounts each day.
G. This may make many people feel less stressed, especially those who are busy.
The scary flood came on July 15, 2021. Yet I can never go back to live in my home because I just keep thinking: what if it does happen again
Earlier in the day I had 21． for the unlikely event of a flood. It had been raining that week, and authorities had issued a flood 22． , though not for where I was. Still, I'd placed 23． on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water. Before my friends left, they laughed at me for doing that, but I thought, why take a 24．
It was after midnight when I was awakened by the 25． sound of rushing water as if I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. I thought it could be a burst pipe. Trembling and in darkness, I grabbed my cell phone and turned on the flashlight. It wasn't a burst pipe at all! Instead, water was 26． up through the gaps of the garden door. The water must have breached the sandbags. All around me, my things — chairs and lamps — began to 27． .
I began to panic. The Ahr, usually such a quiet river, had 28． its banks. And now I had to get out — fast! It was pouring. In bare feet, I started to walk to my only 29． : the door that leads upstairs to the ground. All around me, things were breaking — the lamps were cracking, the cupboards were being 30． ．
Finally, I 31． it to the door. I tried to push it open, but the 32． of the water wouldn't let me. I tried several times, but the wild water slammed it shut again. I grabbed everything to open the door, and finally, in darkness, I leaped onto the stairs and ran outside 33． .
What was once a lovely, cozy street was now a 34． , with floating trash and trees instead of people and cars. The river had drowned the neighborhood — and if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned along with it. Don't remember the day when you lost everything. Remember the day when you 35． .
21．A．prepared B．waited C．come D．shopped
22．A．map B．notice C．story D．warning
23．A．sandbags B．clothes C．boxes D．tools
24．A．chance B．risk C．break D．step
25．A．occasional B．wild C．natural D．faint
26．A．clearing B．shooting C．gathering D．flowing
27．A．change B．crash C．float D．disappear
28．A．approached B．burst C．occupied D．covered
29．A．gate B．position C．escape D．entrance
30．A．torn apart B．replaced with C．fixed up D．removed away
31．A．left B．took C．attached D．made
32．A．force B．course C．source D．surface
33．A．tirelessly B．helplessly C．awkwardly D．impatiently
34．A．mess B．field C．shelter D．habitat
35．A．suffered B．survived C．returned D．won
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The fortunes of our environment and our economy are inseparable. It's our duty to protect the environment while　36． 　 (aim) for economic development. Norgate Environmental Protection Committee　37． 　 (play) a major role in maintaining air and water quality. A balance between environmental protection and economic development is expected to be struck through different approaches. Environmental policies, like strict clean-up requirements, have been made for businesses　38． 　 (observe). Meanwhile, we work hand in hand with other branches of government to ensure that development strategies are followed in an environmentally friendly way. However, fighting pollution isn't just a task　39． 　 factories and government. It has to be a community-wide effort, and everyone can help by following the golden rule: reduce, reuse, and recycle.
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The Amazon rainforest is well-known as the "lungs of the planet", which breathes life into the planet by fixing carbon and producing over 20 per cent of all the　40． 　 (Earth) oxygen. Besides, it nourishes some treasured species　41． 　 (use) for food or medicine. Yet there is one major danger to these　42． 　 (replaceable) plants and animals: us. As the impact of human activities continues to grow and the list of species in danger of extinction becomes longer, we　43． 　 (leave) with a question: can we afford to damage the "lungs of the planet"
阅读下列短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
The moment the shaking stopped, Miss Brown sensed it was the best time for the class to make their escape. She signalled to her students to exit the classroom in　44． 　 orderly line covering their heads with their hands. Within one minute and twenty seconds, the whole class went down the stairs and rushed to the playground. Soon students from other classes arrived too.　45． 　 a roll call confirmed that all were safe and sound, they relaxed, laughing, crying and hugging each other.
46．你校学生会将举办"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的英文征文比赛，请你写一篇短文投稿。内容包括：
(1)简述校园水资源浪费现象；
(2)珍惜水资源的倡议。
注意：
(1)写作词数应为80个左右；
(2)短文的题目已为你写好；
(3)请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Save Water — Build a Greener Campus
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
47．阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。
A GIFT FOR GRANDPA
Summer vacation was coming. Andy and his brother Berlin were filled with excitement as they thought of visiting their grandparents again.
The big day came at last. After the happy family got ready, they set out for the grandparents' eagerly. On the way, the brothers were excitedly talking about the fun they had with grandparents.
A little blue house with a tall white chimney finally appeared. Behind the house was the forest carrying their good memories with Grandpa. They arrived at the driveway, at the end of which Grandma was waiting for them joyfully.
Andy and Berlin each gave Grandma a big hug and then swept to the living room, shouting excitedly "Grandpa, we are back!"
Seeing his grandsons, Grandpa was wild with joy and tried to get up with all his strength from the chair but in vain. A helpless expression flashed on his face. Grandma explained that his health was declining rapidly and maybe couldn't stand up on his own forever. But Grandpa declared stubbornly (倔强地), "I can!" Certainly, he was stuck in his boyish way. Mum and grandparents were happy to meet again after a long time. They sat together and chatted about what happened recently.
The brothers were soon bored with adult conversation, went out and wandered into the forest. Tall trees stretched up to the heavens with large branches crossing each other, while young ones rose straight like soldiers. Grandpa was once an intelligent explorer. He could tell where the birds came from only by their calls and songs. The trees, birds, lizards, lots of bugs… How many merry moments they spent with Grandpa in the kingdom!
But now Grandpa couldn't get up. This made them worried. "We'd think out a way to cheer him up." Andy said. "Grandpa is a bird lover, and we can catch him a bird." Berlin suggested. "But he hates birds being caged!" Andy shook his head.
Then a bright idea came to Andy's mind. "Why not make a cane (拐杖) out of a young tree!"
注意：1. 续写词数应为150左右；
2. 请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。
Berlin thought it was a good idea.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
答案解析部分
【答案】1．C
2．A
3．D
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；旅游观光类；应用文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，是一则 "终极野生动物探险遗愿清单" 的旅行推介，介绍了四个各具特色的生态探险项目：包括探索哥斯达黎加多样生态系统的生物多样性科学之旅、聚焦斯里兰卡昆虫与生态系统的观兽探险、深入阿拉斯加荒野观察棕熊的生态冒险，以及跟随博物学家探寻加拉帕戈斯群岛生物多样性的海洋保护游轮，每条线路都有明确的时间、天数和独特的体验亮点。
【点评】考查阅读理解，包含细节理解题、推理判断题，是一篇旅游类阅读，注意先略读文章，掌握文章大意，再分析题干及选项，到文中找到相关内容并进行理解。
1．细节理解题。根据The science of biodiversity: Costa Rica部分中的"Enjoy guided walks around several reserves and national parks with local conservationists."在当地环保人士的带领下，享受在多个保护区和国家公园的导览徒步之旅；以及Alaskan brown bear, ecology and wilderness adventure部分中的"Guided by expert naturalists, gain fascinating insights into bear ecology."在专业博物学家的带领下，深入了解熊类生态的迷人奥秘。可知，这两个项目的共同点是都提供有导游的体验。故选C。
2．细节理解题。根据Marine conservation cruise exploring Darwin's Galapagos部分中的"Accompanied throughout by passionate naturalist James Costa, who will bring the islands to life through lively lectures and engaging discussions."由充满热情的自然学家James Costa全程陪同，他将通过生动的讲座和引人入胜的讨论使岛屿栩栩如生。可知，游客在加拉帕戈斯巡航期间可以参加教育性讲座。故选A。
3．推理判断题。通读全文，文章以"Ultimate Bucket List Wildlife Adventures"终极遗愿清单：野生生物探险之旅，为标题，详细介绍了四个旅游项目的时间、天数、活动内容、住宿方式和交通方式等细节。这类介绍多个旅游目的地的信息最有可能出现在旅游手册中。故选D。
【答案】4．C
5．D
6．B
7．B
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，文讲述了Natasha Tucker因在温哥华水族馆目睹被渔具致伤的获救海豚，结合零售工作中见到的大量塑料垃圾，投身反塑料污染行动，加入公益组织Mind Your Plastic，该组织通过三大核心项目推动教育、市政、商业领域减塑，同时呼吁将塑料污染治理责任从消费者转向大企业，依靠公众施压和消费选择推动政策与行业向循环可持续方向转变。【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，句义猜测和推理判断三个题型的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，从而选出正确答案。
4．细节理解题。根据第二段中的"While working at the Vancouver Aquarium, Tucker met a rescued dolphin whose fins were partially cut off due to fishing equipment entanglement(缠绕). This heartbreaking experience made Tucker immediately search for a way to take action against the plastic pollution that caused these injuries."在温哥华水族馆工作时，塔克遇到一只获救的海豚，其鳍因捕鱼设备缠绕而部分被切断。这一令人心碎的经历让塔克立刻寻找办法，去对抗造成这些伤害的塑料污染。可知，最初激发 Natasha Tucker 对抗塑料污染热情的是遇到一只受伤的海豚。故选C。
5．句义猜测题。根据第三段中的"Other experiences like working in retail(零售) management came with witnessing tons of plastic waste. ‘I saw how much got thrown out, andit didn't sit well with me,' she says."像在零售管理行业工作这样的其他经历，让她目睹了大量塑料垃圾。"我看到有这么多垃圾被扔掉，it didn't sit well with me，"她说。可推断，"it didn't sit well with me"表达的是塔克对看到大量垃圾被扔掉这一现象感到不安。故选D。
6．细节理解题。根据第四段"Plastic waste in business is among what Mind Your Plastic is seeking to end via its three key programs: the Circular Economy Ambassador Program(CEAP) for educators and youth, the Plastic-Free Events Policy Program for municipalities(市政当局) and the Plastic Awareness and Reduction Toolkits (PART) Program for businesses.""Mind Your Plastic"试图通过三个关键项目来解决商业中的塑料垃圾问题：针对教育工作者和年轻人的循环经济大使计划（CEAP）、针对市政当局的无塑料活动政策计划以及针对企业的塑料意识与减少工具包（PART）计划；以及第五段中的"Through direct partnerships with local educators, municipalities and businesses, these programs connect Canadians with direct ways to take action."通过与当地教育工作者、市政当局和企业的直接合作，这些项目为加拿大人提供了直接采取行动的途径。可知，"Mind Your Plastic"通过提供教育项目以及建立合作关系来实现改变。故选B。
7．推理判断题。根据第六段"The blame game is another area in need of transition, according to Tucker, who says that big companies, not customers, should carry the responsibility to solve Canada's plastic pollution problem."Tucker认为，指责游戏是另一个需要转变的领域，她说大公司，而不是消费者，应该承担解决加拿大塑料污染问题的责任；以及第七段中的"‘It's felt for a long time like the responsibility is placed on the customers,' says Tucker.‘That needs to stop.'""长期以来，人们都觉得责任在消费者身上，"Tucker说。"这种情况需要停止。"可知，Tucker觉得目前消费者被错误地指责了。故选B。
【答案】8．B
9．A
10．D
11．A
【知识点】推理判断题；说明文；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了《动物学杂志》发表的一项意大利研究，原本研究月相对蛙类影响的科学家意外发现当地繁殖期青蛙能在地震前5天集体逃离栖息地，证实青蛙具备感知地震前兆的特殊预警能力。文章还列举了海啸前泰国大象、斯里兰卡蝙蝠出现反常行为，以及1975年中国海城借助猫狗异常表现提前组织撤离、大幅降低地震伤亡的案例，说明多种动物都拥有预知自然灾害的特殊能力。最后动物行为学专家指出，这类能力源于动物能捕捉到人类无法察觉的环境信号，比如鱼类的电感知、海豚与蝙蝠的回声定位系统，动物的反常行为可作为自然灾害预警的重要参考。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及推理判断题型的考查，是一篇科研类阅读，通读全文，理解文章大意，阅读题目后返回原文阅读并找出与题目相对应的内容，仔细核对，选择符合原文原意的答案，完成后再次阅读并检查。
8．推理判断题。根据第三段中的"This discovery confused Dr Rachel Grant, who hadn't set out to learn about frogs' reactions to earthquakes, but to study the effect of the lunar cycle on them."这一发现让Rachel Grant博士感到困惑，她原本并非要研究青蛙对地震的反应，而是打算研究月相周期对青蛙的影响。可知，Rachel Grant博士觉得青蛙异常行为的这一发现是出乎意料的，故选B。
9．推理判断题。根据第四段"Frogs are not the only creatures born with an unusual power to predict natural disasters. In 2004, elephants in Thailand made loud noises before the tsunami hit, while bats in Sri Lanka flew around in anxiety before the disaster."青蛙并非唯一天生拥有预测自然灾害这种非凡能力的生物。2004年，泰国的大象在海啸来袭前发出巨大声响，而斯里兰卡的蝙蝠在灾难发生前则焦虑地四处乱飞。可知，本段作者通过举例2004年泰国的大象和斯里兰卡的蝙蝠的例子来说明。故选A。
10．推理判断题。根据倒数第二段"While most of these animal warnings have been ignored, there are times when they have been noticed. In 1975, scientists in Haicheng, China, noticed unusual behaviour in the city's dogs and cats. They demanded the evacuation (撤离) of the city, expecting a major disaster. Their warning came five-and-a-half hours before an earthquake struck, resulting in 2,000 deaths. Without the evacuation, another 150,000 people could have been killed."虽然大多数这类动物发出的预警都被人们忽视了，但有时也会得到重视。1975年，中国海城的科学家注意到该市猫狗行为异常。他们要求疏散全城居民，预计将有重大灾难发生。他们的预警在地震来袭五个半小时前发出，最终地震导致2000人死亡。若没有这次疏散，还会有15万人丧生。可知，作者提到海城地震的目的是为了显示注意动物警告的好处。故选D。
11．推理判断题。根据最后一段中的"There are things we can't see and sounds we can't hear. But many animals can. There is a sense called electroperception that fish and sharks use to form a picture around them, while dolphins and bats use sonar to find their way around"有些东西我们看不见，有些声音我们听不到，但许多动物却可以。有一种被称为电感知的能力，鱼类和鲨鱼利用它来感知周围环境、形成周围景象，而海豚和蝙蝠则利用声呐来辨别方向、确定周围环境。可知，Daniel Mills教授的话主要是关于为什么动物能感知灾难。故选A。
【答案】12．B
13．D
14．C
15．A
【知识点】推理判断题；细节理解题；社会现象类；议论文；标题选择
【解析】【分析】本文额是一篇议论文，围绕"短信是否让人们关系疏远"展开讨论，将当下人们对过度依赖短信交流的担忧，与百年前电话刚普及引发的同类争议进行类比。两位传播学学者的研究指出，高频发短信的青少年反而拥有更多线下面对面社交，短信交流同样具备情感价值，当下的争议本质是当年电话普及争议的重演，即时通讯的便利性也让人们沦为设备的"奴隶"。
【点评】考查阅读理解，本题考点涉及细节理解，推理判断和标题归纳三个题型的考查，是一篇社会现象类阅读，首先要仔细阅读短文，掌握大意，然后结合具体的题目，再读短文，从中找出相关信息，就可以确定正确答案。
12．推理判断题。 根据第一段"Is text-messaging driving us apart These days, we talk to each other a lot with our thumbs — sending six billion text messages a day, and likely a few billion more on services like WhatsApp."短信正在让我们疏远吗？如今，我们用拇指互相交谈——每天发送60亿条短信，可能还有几十亿条通过WhatsApp等服务发送。可知，首段抛出话题、引出全文关于短信是否疏远人际关系的争论。故选B。
13．细节理解题。 根据第四段中的"Would it be so easy to talk that we'd never leave each other alone ‘Thanks to the telephone, motor car and such like inventions, our neighbors have it in their power to turn our leisure into a series of interruptions,' complained an American professor in 1929."交谈会变得如此容易，以至于我们永远不会独处吗？1929年，一位美国教授抱怨道："多亏了电话、汽车和类似的发明，我们的邻居有能力把我们的闲暇时间变成一系列的干扰。"可知，社会评论家对电话的主要担忧是它会导致私人时间的丧失。故选D。
14．推理判断题。 根据第五段中的"According to her study, teenagers who text the most are also those who spend the most time face to face with munication, it seems, brings more communication, and — as she argues — just because talk happens in text doesn't mean it's not meaningful."根据她的研究，发短信最多的青少年也是与朋友面对面交流时间最多的青少年。似乎交流会带来更多的交流，正如她所争论的那样，仅仅因为谈话是通过短信进行的，并不意味着它没有意义。可知，我们可以从Jenna Birch的研究中学到交流的意义超越了媒介。故选C。
15．标题归纳题。 根据全文可知，本文首先提出了短信交流是否会导致人与人之间疏远的问题，然后回顾了电话发展初期引发的类似争议，最后指出新技术在改变交流方式的同时，也带来了关于社交质量与个人空间的持续讨论。因此，"天哪！我们以前也经历过这样的事情"，既表达了文章的主题，又具有一定的吸引力，适合作本文标题，故选A。
【答案】16．G；17．D；18．F；19．C；20．E
【知识点】说明文；七选五；科普类
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，科学研究表明，每日行走约7000步即可显著降低早逝、心血管疾病和痴呆风险，健康收益在从极低活动量提升至中等水平时最为明显，之后增幅趋于平缓。【点评】考查七选五，本文是一篇科研类阅读，要求在理解细节信息的基础上，着重考查对上下文的理解和推理判断能力。
16．根据空前"Scientists say that about 7,000 steps per day can already be good for your health."科学家称每天大约七千步就已经对健康有益。打破了必须走一万步的固有观念，说明七千步就已经对健康有益，G. This may make many people feel less stressed, especially those who are busy."这或许能让很多人减轻压力，尤其是生活忙碌的人"承接上文新结论带来的积极影响，语意连贯，符合语境，故选G。
17．根据空前"Dr. Melody Ding did this study at the University of Sydney."Melody Ding博士在悉尼大学开展了这项研究。引出研究负责人，下文介绍她的研究目的与研究范围， D. She reviewed many studies about walking and health. "她查阅了大量有关步行与健康的研究"承接人物身份与研究工作，符合语境，故选D。
18．根据空后"People who walked around 7,000 steps were healthier than those who walked only about 2,000."每天走七千步左右的人比仅走两千步左右的人身体更健康。对比了不同步数人群的健康状况，F. The research compared people who walked different amounts each day."该研究对比了每日步行步数不同的人群"总领本段实验对比内容，符合段落主旨，故选F。
19．根据空前"Dr. Sean Heffron says this number did not come from science"Sean Heffron博士称这个数字并非源于科学研究。说明一万步标准没有科学依据，下文讲述日本一家公司推出一万步计步器并广为流传， C. It became popular because of advertising in Japan. "它因日本的广告宣传而流行开来"解释该数字的起源与传播原因，符合语境，故选C。
20．根据空前"She suggests focusing on steady improvement instead of chasing one perfect number."她建议注重稳步提升，而不是追逐一个完美的固定数字。提出不必执着固定步数；以及空后"Just walk a little more than you do now — take the stairs, walk after dinner, or get off the bus one stop earlier."只需比现在多走一段路即可——走楼梯、饭后散步，或者提前一站下车。建议从日常小事小幅增加步行量，E. If you can't walk 10,000 steps every day, don't worry."如果你每天走不了一万步，也不必担心"承接上文，引出下文具体做法，故选E。
【答案】21．A；22．D；23．A；24．B；25．B；26．B；27．C；28．B；29．C；30．A；31．D；32．A；33．B；34．A；35．B
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了2021年7月15日德国阿赫河突发特大洪水时，作者在官方未对所在区域发布预警的情况下，提前做了简单防洪准备，却仍在深夜被涌入家中的洪水惊醒的惊险经历。
【点评】考查完形填空，本题考点涉及动词，名词，形容词，副词，固定短语等多个知识点的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析推理，从而选出正确答案。
21．句意：那天早些时候，我为不太可能发生的洪水做了准备。A：prepared"准备"；B：waited"等待"；C：come"来"；D：shopped"购物"。根据下文"Still, I'd placed 3 on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water. "尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。可知，作者为应对洪水做准备。故选A。
22．句意：那周一直在下雨，当局发布了洪水预警，但并不是针对我所在的地区。A：map"地图"；B：notice"通知"；C：story"故事"；D：warning "警告"。根据空前"authorities had issued a flood"和洪水来临的语境，当局发布的是洪水预警。故选D。
23．句意：尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。A：sandbags"沙袋"；B：clothes"衣服"；C：boxes"盒子"；D：tools "工具"。根据下文"The water must have breached the sandbags"水肯定已经冲破了沙袋。可知，作者放置的是沙袋。故选A。
24．句意：在我的朋友们离开之前，他们嘲笑我这样做，但我想，为什么要冒险呢？A：chance"机会"；B：risk"风险"；C：break"休息"；D：step "步骤"。根据上文"It had been raining that week, and authorities had issued a flood 2 , though not for where I was. Still, I'd placed 3 on the floor outside my garden door in case of the flooding water."那周一直在下雨，当局发布了洪水预警，但并不是针对我所在的地区。尽管如此，我还是在花园门外的地板上放了沙袋，以防洪水涌入。可推知，尽管洪水预警并不针对作者所在地区，但作者还是做了一些准备工作，说明作者认为没必要冒险；take a risk固定短语，"冒险"，故选B。
25．句意：午夜过后，我被汹涌的流水声惊醒，仿佛我躺在瀑布边而不是卧室里。A：occasional"偶尔的"；B：wild"狂野的，汹涌的"；C：natural"自然的"；D：faint "微弱的"。根据空后"as if I were lying beside a waterfall"可知，仿佛我躺在瀑布边,水声应该是汹涌的。故选B。
26．句意：相反，水正从花园门的缝隙中喷射进来。A：clearing"清理"；B：shooting"喷射，急速流动"；C：gathering"聚集"；D：flowing"流动"。根据上文" It was after midnight when I was awakened by the 5 sound of rushing water as if I were lying beside a waterfall instead of in my bedroom. I thought it could be a burst pipe."午夜过后，我被汹涌的流水声惊醒，仿佛我躺在瀑布边而不是卧室里。我本以为可能是水管爆裂了；以及下文"It was pouring."当时正下着倾盆大雨。可知，水流很大，来得很急，是喷射进来的。故选B。
27．句意：我周围的东西——椅子和台灯——开始漂浮起来。A：change"改变"；B：crash"碰撞"；C：float"漂浮"；D：disappear "消失"。根据上文"The water must have breached the sandbags."水肯定已经冲破了沙袋可知，洪水涌入，物品应该在水中漂浮起来。故选C。
28．句意：Ahr河，通常是一条非常安静的河流，已经决堤了。A：approached"接近"；B：burst"爆发，决口"；C：occupied"占据"；D：covered"覆盖"。根据下文"And now I had to get out — fast! It was pouring."现在，我必须尽快离开——外面正下着倾盆大雨。可知，河水大量涌入，说明河岸决堤了。故选B。
29．句意：我光着脚，开始走向我唯一的逃生通道：通往楼上地面的门。A：gate"大门"；B：position "位置"；C：escape"逃脱，逃生通道"；D：entrance"入口"。根据空后"the door that leads upstairs to the ground"可知，通往楼上地面的门是作者唯一的逃生通道。故选C。
30．句意：在我周围，东西都在碎裂——灯具裂开了，橱柜被撕碎。A：torn apart"撕碎"；B：replaced with"被替换"；C：fixed up"修理"；D：removed away"移走"。根据空前"All around me, things were breaking"可知，此处描写的是洪水破坏家具的场景，橱柜应是被洪水撕碎。故选A。
31．句意：最后，我成功到了那扇门。A：left"离开"；B：took"拿走"；C：attached"附上"；D：made "成功到达"。根据下文" tried to push it open, but the 12 of the water wouldn't let me. "我试着推开门，但水的力量不让我推开，可知，作者成功到达了门的位置。make it to固定短语，"成功到达"。故选D。
32．句意：我试着推开门，但水的力量不让我推开。A：force"力量"；B：course"路线"；C：source "来源"；D：surface"表面"。根据空后"wouldn't let me"；以及下文"I tried several times, but the wild water slammed it shut again. "我试了几次，但汹涌的水流又把它冲关了。可知，是水的力量太大，所以作者推不开。故选A。
33．句意：我抓起所有能抓到的东西去打开门，最后，在黑暗中，我跳上楼梯，无助地跑到了外面。A：tirelessly"不知疲倦地"；B：helplessly"无助地"；C：awkwardly"尴尬地"；D：impatiently "不耐烦地"。根据上文作者在黑暗中、洪水中的绝望处境，以及空前"leaped onto the stairs"的仓促动作，她无助地跑向外面。故选B。
34．句意：曾经是一条可爱、舒适的街道，现在变成了一片狼藉。A：mess"杂乱，狼藉"；B：field"田野"；C：shelter"避难所"；D：habitat "栖息地"。根据空后"with floating trash and trees instead of people and cars"可知，街道变成了一片狼藉。故选A。
35．句意：记住你幸存下来的那一天。A：suffered"遭受"；B：survived"幸存"；C：returned"返回"；D：won "赢"。根据上文" The river had drowned the neighborhood — and if I had woken up just a few minutes later, I would have drowned along with it."河水淹没了整个街区——如果我晚几分钟醒来，就会和它一起淹死。与上文作者成功逃脱的经历形成对比，全文强调的是幸存。故选B。
【答案】36．aiming；37．plays；38．to observe；39．for
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；aim；for；play
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了Norgate环保委员会通过出台企业需遵守的严格整治政策、联动其他政府部门保障发展策略绿色落地等举措，推动二者实现平衡，同时指出治污并非工厂和政府的专属任务，需要全社会共同践行"减量化、再利用、再循环"的黄金准则，形成全民参与的合力。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及非谓语动词，时态，主谓一致，介词以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
36．句意：我们的职责是在追求经济发展的同时保护环境。此处作伴随状语，aim for"以……为目标"动词短语。此处是时间状语从句的省略，与其隐含逻辑主语we之间是主谓关系，应用现在分词，故填aiming。
37．句意：Norgate环境保护委员会在维持空气和水质量方面发挥着重要作用。play"扮演、发挥"，是谓语动词，描述一般性事实用一般现在时态，主语Norgate Environmental Protection Committee是专有名词，谓语动词用单三形式，故填plays。
38．句意：已经制定了环境政策，如严格的清理要求，供企业遵守。observe"遵守"，动词。此处是"have been made"的目的，应用不定式作目的状语，故填to observe。
39．句意：然而，与污染作斗争不仅仅是工厂和政府的任务。句中表示"给工厂和政府的任务"，用介词for，意为"(表示对象、用途等)给，对，供"，故填for。
【答案】40．Earth's；41．used；42．irreplaceable；43．are left
【知识点】说明文；环境保护类；earth；irreplaceable；used
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文，以"地球之肺"开篇，先肯定亚马孙雨林在固碳供氧（产出全球20%以上氧气）和孕育珍贵食药物种方面的不可替代的生态价值，再笔锋一转将"我们人类"指认为这些不可替代的动植物所面临的最大威胁，并指出随着人类活动影响加剧、濒危物种名单不断拉长，世人不得不面对一个严肃追问——我们是否还承受得起继续破坏"地球之肺"的代价，借此唤起对雨林保护与人类发展之间关系的反思。【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及名词所有格，非谓语动词，形容词，时态语态以及固定搭配等多个知识点的考查，是一篇环保类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
40．句意：亚马孙雨林被誉为"地球之肺"，通过固碳并产出地球百分之二十以上的氧气，为地球赋予生机。 Earth "地球"，名词。此处修饰名词oxygen，应用名词所有格表示所属关系，故填Earth's。
41．句意：此外，它孕育着一些珍贵物种，这些物种可用于食物或医药领域。 use "使用"，动词。此处作后置定语，应用非谓语形式，且与species在逻辑上是动宾关系，应用过去分词，故填used。
42．句意：然而，对这些不可替代的动植物来说存在一大危险，那就是人类自身。 replaceable "可以代替的"，形容词。此处修饰名词plants and animals，结合句意，此处表示"不可替代的"，需用形容词irreplaceable，故填 irreplaceable 。
43．句意：随着人类活动影响持续扩大，濒危物种名单不断加长，我们面临着一个问题：我们承受得起破坏"地球之肺"的代价吗？ leave "留下"是谓语动词，根据上文的谓语动词becomes可知，此处陈述客观现实用一般现在时，主语we与leave之间为被动关系，所以用一般现在时的被动语态，且主语为名词复数，所以谓语动词为are left，故填 are left 。
【答案】44．an；45．After/When
【知识点】故事阅读类；记叙文；after；an
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文，地震晃动刚一停止， Brown 老师立刻抓住最佳逃生时机，示意全班学生双手护头、排成整齐队列有序撤离教室，整个班级仅用一分二十秒就完成下楼疏散，全部安全抵达操场，待点名确认所有学生都安然无恙后，师生们才彻底放松下来，在劫后余生的情绪里笑着、哭着、互相拥抱。
【点评】考查语法填空，本题考点涉及冠词以及时间状语从句的考查，是一篇故事类阅读，要求考生在理解细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，并结合相关语法知识，进行分析推理，从而写出正确的单词形式。
44．句意：她示意学生排成一队有序离开教室，并用双手护住头部。line为可数名词单数形式，orderly以元音音素开头，此处表示泛指，用不定冠词an，故填an。
45．句意：点名确认所有人都安然无恙后，大家才放松下来，欢笑、落泪并互相拥抱。此处引导时间状语从句，可表示 "在…… 之后" 或 "当…… 时"，用 after/when均合乎逻辑，句首单词首字母大写，故填 After/When 。
46．【答案】Save Water — Build a Greener Campus
We are no strangers to water waste in our campus. Some students often leave taps running carelessly after washing hands, and others casually pour away unfinished drinking water. Such small but thoughtless acts are in fact draining our precious resources.
Therefore, I'd like to call on everyone to take immediate actions. Firstly, we should raise awareness of water conservation and form good habits. Turn off taps promptly after use and avoid any unnecessary waste. Additionally, we can reuse water in daily life to maximize its value, such as collecting spare clean water to water classroom plants or to flush toilets.
【知识点】提纲作文；文字式应用文；半开放性作文；学习教育类
【解析】【分析】本题是一篇应用文写作，要求考生撰写一篇关于"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的短文投稿。写作背景： 你校学生会将举办"珍惜水资源，共建绿色校园"的英文征文比赛 。写作要点已经给出，属于提纲类作文，内容包括：(1)简述校园水资源浪费现象；(2)珍惜水资源的倡议。提示中的内容比较泛泛，需要适当补充。本题对于考生的综合能力要求较高，要求考生有很强的谋篇布局的能力和组织要点的能力。需要注意紧扣文章主题，给出的要点都需要包括。写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系。尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次。
【点评】本篇作文要点齐全，结构完整，条理清晰，应用了较多的语法结构和词汇，熟练地使用了语句间的连接成分，使整个文章结构紧凑，很好地完成了写作任务。例如：Some students often leave taps running carelessly after washing hands, and others casually pour away unfinished drinking water. 运用了并列句；Therefore, I'd like to call on everyone to take immediate actions. 运用了不定式作宾语； Turn off taps promptly after use and avoid any unnecessary waste. 运用了祈使句；Additionally, we can reuse water in daily life to maximize its value, such as collecting spare clean water to water classroom plants or to flush toilets.运用了不定式作目的状语。
47．【答案】Berlin thought it was a good idea. With the tools fetched from the backyard, they returned to the forest to search for an appropriate young tree for a cane. Hardly had they selected one when they got started with their BIG PROJECT. Andy, the elder brother, took on the job of cutting it down, while Berlin, who was younger and more creative, was responsible for decoration. Hard as it might seem to them, they never thought about quitting. After what seemed a long time, an elegant and tough cane appeared. Both of them were more than satisfied with their work and couldn't wait to rush home.
Andy and Berlin handed the cane to Grandpa. The instant he saw it, he knew what it was all about. Deeply touched by the grandsons' gift, he took it with great excitement and tapped it on the ground several times. Obviously, he attempted to stand up with it. With the encouragement of the two brothers, he struggled to get up, slowly walking towards the forest. A cheerful and joyful expression, which Andy and Berlin had expected of Grandpa, flashed on his face. It was at that moment that they literally felt all the efforts to make the cane were all worth it.
【知识点】文字式记叙文；读后续写
【解析】【分析】本篇书面表达是读后续写。通过阅读文章可知，该篇记叙文以人物为线索展开，讲述Andy和弟弟Berlin暑假去看望他们的祖父母，爷爷奶奶看到他们欣喜若狂，但是爷爷不能站起来了，这让他们很担心。所以在森林闲逛时，Andy提出给爷爷做一根手杖。段落续写：由第一段首句内容"Berlin认为这是个好主意。"可知，本段可以写兄弟俩如何做手杖。由第一段首句内容"Andy和Berlin把手杖递给爷爷。"可知，本段可以写爷爷受到手杖后的反应。续写线索：兄弟俩找做手杖的工具——他们开始制作——制作完成——送给爷爷——爷爷激动——爷爷努力站起来走向森林——兄弟俩认为努力都值得。写作时要注意准确运用时态，上下文意思要连贯，符合句际间和段际间的逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的词汇及句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型来提升文章的档次。
【点评】1. 本篇书面表达表达上要点齐全，上下文连贯，使用了一定数量的句式结构，让句子表达更加生动传神，同时使用了较多的高级词汇和固定短语，提高了文章的档次，体现了对英语书面表达熟练的驾驭能力。 例如：With the tools fetched from the backyard, they returned to the forest to search for an appropriate young tree for a cane.（运用了with的复合结构以及动词不定式做目的状语）；Hardly had they selected one when they got started with their BIG PROJECT. （运用了部分倒装结构以及when引导的时间状语从句）；Andy, the elder brother, took on the job of cutting it down, while Berlin, who was younger and more creative, was responsible for decoration. （运用了who引导的非限制性定语从句）；Hard as it might seem to them, they never thought about quitting. (运用了as引导的让步状语从句的倒装结构)；The instant he saw it, he knew what it was all about. （运用了the instant引导的时间状语从句以及what引导的宾语从句）；Deeply touched by the grandsons' gift, he took it with great excitement and tapped it on the ground several times.（运用了过去分词作状语）；With the encouragement of the two brothers, he struggled to get up, slowly walking towards the forest.（运用了现在分词作状语）；A cheerful and joyful expression, which Andy and Berlin had expected of Grandpa,
flashed on his face. （运用了which引导的非限制性定语从句）；It was at that moment that they literally felt all the efforts to make the cane were all worth it.（运用了强调句型）。
2. 读后续写步骤如下
（1）精读文章，确定文章线索。每篇文章都有各自独特的写作思路，通过精读文章，找到该篇文章的写作线索，比如是以时间为线索还是以空间为线索等，这样有利于考生"顺藤摸瓜"。
（2）仔细审题，明确续写要求。一般短文后面的"注意"都有对此短文续写的具体要求，如字数限制、使用几处下划线关键词语、续写段落的首句提示，这样考生能做到"心中有数"。
（3）回扣原文，揣摩续写思路。根据文章后面的要求，再次快速回读短文，抓住文章的思路，结合段首的提示语，最终确定续写段落的思路，同时结合文章划线词语提示，确定续写段落的内容。
（4）拟写草稿，修改错词病句。在确定了思路和内容之后，最关键的就是结合提示语或者文中划线的关键词语拟写草稿。拟写时，注意句子结构的多样性、语言的丰富性，并通过句与句之间连接词的正确使用，使上下文连贯。
（5）标出续写部分中使用到的原材料中标有下划线的关键词语。这一点可以帮助考生检查关键词语的使用情况并根据情况做出修改。最后在誊写文字时，务必做到字迹工整与清晰。
3. 在做此类试题时，读到适当的位置，可以短暂停顿，根据已读部分文章的脉络，对文章进行发散思维，设想可能的几种结尾；经常实施微型化训练，也就是对所读文章的某一段落进行设想。根据某段落的首句提示，结合文章的上文对该段进行合理设想，推断该段可能要讲述的内容。
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